Keymap
Deskbar: | ||
Lokasi: | /boot/system/preferences/Keymap | |
Pengaturan: | ~/config/settings/Keymap/* - Location of user modified keymaps. ~/config/settings/Key_map |
To the right, the Keymap window shows a representation of your keyboard. When you press a key, the corresponding key is darkened and the assigned symbol is entered into the Sample and Clipboard text field at the bottom. From there you can also copy and paste it into a document.
Thus, the Keymap preferences are not only for configuring your local keymap, but are also useful when looking for a special symbol used in other languages. For example, you can switch the keymap to "French", find the "ç" and copy it into your mail to François. (Though you'll find the "cedil" also in other keymaps...)
Pressing modifier keys like SHIFT, CONTROL or OPTION changes the displayed keyboard accordingly.
Then there are the keys that are marked with a blue background. These keys are called Dead Keys that can change the key you press after that. If you click on such a blue key with your mouse, those changeable keys light up yellow. Click again and everything's back to normal. Examples are é, ñ, ó or ë.
Below the keyboard representation are two more options:
for setting the above mentioned blue keys. | ||
for using the shortcut key in Windows/Linux mode, i.e. CONTROL (normally CTRL) or Haiku mode, i.e. COMMAND (normally ALT). |
The lists on the left offer the available pre-configured keymaps of the system, and below that, if available, user-defined maps. You can change a keymap in the keyboard representation: drag & drop one key on another and they switch places.
You can also create an individual mapping by drag & dropping a character from another app onto the key. For example, you could extend your regular keymap with often used currency symbols. Just click on the CONTROL key and drag & drop the pound symbol from CharacterMap onto the 'P' key to get a ₤ when you press CTRL P.
By right-clicking a normal key, the context menu offers to its mapping. Modifier keys can have alternative mappings, like using CAPS LOCK as CTRL key:
Alternatively to this or drag & dropping of keys, there's the menu
that opens this window:Here, you can assign keys to their respective roles or even completely disable the role of a key. You can even assign the same key to different roles, though that's not a good idea most of the time and you'll be warned by a small exclamation mark beside the pop-up menus if you do that.
Pressing applies your changes and closes the window.
When you're done you can save the result from the menu ~/config/settings/Keymap/. Otherwise you'll have to manually load it via .
. Your modified map will only appear in the user-defined list if it's stored inTo better match the Keymap panel to your physical keyboard, there are several different settings available from the
menu.The font used in the keyboard representation is set from the
menu. Note, that it may or may not contain all symbols for a specific keymap.Finally, there's a
button to bring back the settings that were active when you started the Keymap preferences.Advanced keymap manipulation
There's another method to customize your keymap besides the Keymap preference panel. It involves editing a text file containing loads of hex values, which may appear daunting on first sight, but isn't really that impossible to grasp.
You can dump the current keymap with a command in Terminal:
keymap -d > MyKeymap
The generated text file can then be opened in a text editor. Make sure to use a fixed font in that editor or you'll never grok that file...
At the beginning of that file, you'll find a legend of a stylized keyboard with the hex value corresponding to each key. Below that are the actual assignments of every value. You can do all the customizing that's also available from the Keymap preference panel, and then some. If you happen to have some special keys on your keyboard, you may be able to activate them. That is, use them as ordinary keys or like an option or control key. You won't be able to, for example, have your multimedia keys de/increase the volume or start some application. For this you can use the Shortcuts preferences.
When you're finished, you'll save the file and have your system load the modified keymap with this command:
keymap -s < MyKeymap
If you'd like to import this keymap into the Keymap panel, you have to compile it first to a binary format:
keymap -c < MyKeymap
This will produce a file keymap.out which you can load into Keymap via its menu. By the way, the keymap command is able to load this binary format as well: keymap -l < keymap.out
This is the dumped file (the rightmost keys of the stylized keyboard are cut-off for a nicer display on this page):
#!/bin/keymap -s # # Raw key numbering for 101 keyboard... # # # [esc] [ f1] [ f2] [ f3] [ f4] [ f5] [ f6] [ f7] [ f8] [ f9] [f10] [f11] [f12] # 0x01 0x02 0x03 0x04 0x05 0x06 0x07 0x08 0x09 0x0a 0x0b 0x0c 0x0d # # [ ` ] [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] [ 8 ] [ 9 ] [ 0 ] [ - ] [ = ] [bck] # 0x11 0x12 0x13 0x14 0x15 0x16 0x17 0x18 0x19 0x1a 0x1b 0x1c 0x1d 0x1e # # [tab] [ q ] [ w ] [ e ] [ r ] [ t ] [ y ] [ u ] [ i ] [ o ] [ p ] [ [ ] [ ] ] [ \ ] # 0x26 0x27 0x28 0x29 0x2a 0x2b 0x2c 0x2d 0x2e 0x2f 0x30 0x31 0x32 0x33 # # [cap] [ a ] [ s ] [ d ] [ f ] [ g ] [ h ] [ j ] [ k ] [ l ] [ ; ] [ ' ] [ enter ] # 0x3b 0x3c 0x3d 0x3e 0x3f 0x40 0x41 0x42 0x43 0x44 0x45 0x46 0x47 # # [shift] [ z ] [ x ] [ c ] [ v ] [ b ] [ n ] [ m ] [ , ] [ . ] [ / ] [shift] # 0x4b 0x4c 0x4d 0x4e 0x4f 0x50 0x51 0x52 0x53 0x54 0x55 0x56 # # [ctr] [cmd] [ space ] [cmd] [ctr] # 0x5c 0x5d 0x5e 0x5f 0x60 # # NOTE: On a Microsoft Natural Keyboard: # left option = 0x66 # right option = 0x67 # menu key = 0x68 # NOTE: On an Apple Extended Keyboard: # left option = 0x66 # right option = 0x67 # keypad '=' = 0x6a # power key = 0x6b Version = 3 CapsLock = 0x3b ScrollLock = 0x0f NumLock = 0x22 LShift = 0x4b RShift = 0x56 LCommand = 0x5d RCommand = 0x60 LControl = 0x5c RControl = 0x00 LOption = 0x66 ROption = 0x5f Menu = 0x68 # # Lock settings # To set NumLock, do the following: # LockSettings = NumLock # # To set everything, do the following: # LockSettings = CapsLock NumLock ScrollLock # LockSettings = # Legend: # n = Normal # s = Shift # c = Control # C = CapsLock # o = Option # Key n s c o os C Cs Co Cos Key 0x00 = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x01 = 0x1b 0x1b 0x1b 0x1b 0x1b 0x1b 0x1b 0x1b 0x1b Key 0x02 = 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 Key 0x03 = 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 Key 0x04 = 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 Key 0x05 = 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 Key 0x06 = 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 Key 0x07 = 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 Key 0x08 = 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 Key 0x09 = 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 Key 0x0a = 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 Key 0x0b = 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 Key 0x0c = 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 Key 0x0d = 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 Key 0x0e = 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 Key 0x0f = 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 Key 0x10 = 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 0x10 Key 0x11 = '^' 0xc2b0 '' ' ' '' '^' 0xc2b0 ' ' '' Key 0x12 = '1' '!' '' ' ' '' '!' '1' ' ' '' Key 0x13 = '2' '"' '' 0xc2b2 '' '"' '2' 0xc2b2 '' Key 0x14 = '3' 0xc2a7 '' 0xc2b3 '' 0xc2a7 '3' 0xc2b3 '' Key 0x15 = '4' '$' '' ' ' '' '$' '4' ' ' '' Key 0x16 = '5' '%' '' ' ' '' '%' '5' ' ' '' Key 0x17 = '6' '&' '' ' ' '' '&' '6' ' ' '' Key 0x18 = '7' '/' '' '{' '' '/' '7' '{' '' Key 0x19 = '8' '(' '' '[' '' '(' '8' '[' '' Key 0x1a = '9' ')' '' ']' '' ')' '9' ']' '' Key 0x1b = '0' '=' '' '}' '' '=' '0' '}' '' Key 0x1c = 0xc39f '?' '' '\\' '' '?' 0xc39f '\\' '' Key 0x1d = 0xc2b4 '`' '' ' ' '' 0xc2b4 '`' ' ' '' Key 0x1e = 0x08 0x08 0x08 0x08 0x08 0x08 0x08 0x08 0x08 Key 0x1f = 0x05 0x05 0x05 0x05 0x05 0x05 0x05 0x05 0x05 Key 0x20 = 0x01 0x01 0x01 0x01 0x01 0x01 0x01 0x01 0x01 Key 0x21 = 0x0b 0x0b 0x0b 0x0b 0x0b 0x0b 0x0b 0x0b 0x0b Key 0x22 = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x23 = '/' '/' '/' '/' '/' '/' '/' '/' '/' Key 0x24 = '*' '*' '*' '*' '*' '*' '*' '*' '*' Key 0x25 = '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' Key 0x26 = 0x09 0x09 0x09 0x09 0x09 0x09 0x09 0x09 0x09 Key 0x27 = 'q' 'Q' 0x11 '@' '' 'Q' 'q' '@' '' Key 0x28 = 'w' 'W' 0x17 ' ' '' 'W' 'w' ' ' '' Key 0x29 = 'e' 'E' 0x05 0xe282ac '' 'E' 'e' 0xe282ac '' Key 0x2a = 'r' 'R' 0x12 ' ' '' 'R' 'r' ' ' '' Key 0x2b = 't' 'T' 0x14 ' ' '' 'T' 't' ' ' '' Key 0x2c = 'z' 'Z' 0x1a ' ' '' 'Z' 'z' ' ' '' Key 0x2d = 'u' 'U' 0x15 ' ' '' 'U' 'u' ' ' '' Key 0x2e = 'i' 'I' 0x09 ' ' '' 'I' 'i' ' ' '' Key 0x2f = 'o' 'O' 0x0f ' ' '' 'O' 'o' ' ' '' Key 0x30 = 'p' 'P' 0x10 ' ' '' 'P' 'p' ' ' '' Key 0x31 = 0xc3bc 0xc39c 0x1b ' ' '' 0xc39c 0xc3bc ' ' '' Key 0x32 = ' ' '*' 0x1d '~' '' '*' ' ' '~' '' Key 0x33 = '#' '\'' 0x1c ' ' '' '\'' '#' ' ' '' Key 0x34 = 0x7f 0x7f 0x7f 0x7f 0x7f 0x7f 0x7f 0x7f 0x7f Key 0x35 = 0x04 0x04 0x04 0x04 0x04 0x04 0x04 0x04 0x04 Key 0x36 = 0x0c 0x0c 0x0c 0x0c 0x0c 0x0c 0x0c 0x0c 0x0c Key 0x37 = 0x01 '7' 0x01 0x01 '7' 0x01 '7' 0x01 '7' Key 0x38 = 0x1e '8' 0x1e 0x1e '8' 0x1e '8' 0x1e '8' Key 0x39 = 0x0b '9' 0x0b 0x0b '9' 0x0b '9' 0x0b '9' Key 0x3a = ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' Key 0x3b = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x3c = 'a' 'A' 0x01 ' ' '' 'A' 'a' ' ' '' Key 0x3d = 's' 'S' 0x13 ' ' '' 'S' 's' ' ' '' Key 0x3e = 'd' 'D' 0x04 ' ' '' 'D' 'd' ' ' '' Key 0x3f = 'f' 'F' 0x06 ' ' '' 'F' 'f' ' ' '' Key 0x40 = 'g' 'G' 0x07 ' ' '' 'G' 'g' ' ' '' Key 0x41 = 'h' 'H' 0x08 ' ' '' 'H' 'h' ' ' '' Key 0x42 = 'j' 'J' 0x0a ' ' '' 'J' 'j' ' ' '' Key 0x43 = 'k' 'K' 0x0b ' ' '' 'K' 'k' ' ' '' Key 0x44 = 'l' 'L' 0x0c ' ' '' 'L' 'l' ' ' '' Key 0x45 = 0xc3b6 0xc396 '' ' ' '' 0xc396 0xc3b6 ' ' '' Key 0x46 = 0xc3a4 0xc384 '' ' ' '' 0xc384 0xc3a4 ' ' '' Key 0x47 = 0x0a 0x0a 0x0a 0x0a 0x0a 0x0a 0x0a 0x0a 0x0a Key 0x48 = 0x1c '4' 0x1c 0x1c '4' 0x1c '4' 0x1c '4' Key 0x49 = '' '5' '' '' '5' '' '5' '' '5' Key 0x4a = 0x1d '6' 0x1d 0x1d '6' 0x1d '6' 0x1d '6' Key 0x4b = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x4c = 'y' 'Y' 0x19 ' ' '' 'Y' 'y' ' ' '' Key 0x4d = 'x' 'X' 0x18 ' ' '' 'X' 'x' ' ' '' Key 0x4e = 'c' 'C' 0x03 ' ' '' 'C' 'c' ' ' '' Key 0x4f = 'v' 'V' 0x16 ' ' '' 'V' 'v' ' ' '' Key 0x50 = 'b' 'B' 0x02 ' ' '' 'B' 'b' ' ' '' Key 0x51 = 'n' 'N' 0x0e ' ' '' 'N' 'n' ' ' '' Key 0x52 = 'm' 'M' 0x0d 0xc2b5 '' 'M' 'm' 0xc2b5 '' Key 0x53 = ',' ';' ',' ' ' '' ';' ',' ' ' '' Key 0x54 = '.' ':' '.' ' ' '' ':' '.' ' ' '' Key 0x55 = '-' '_' '' ' ' '' '-' '_' ' ' '' Key 0x56 = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x57 = 0x1e 0x1e 0x1e 0x1e 0x1e 0x1e 0x1e 0x1e 0x1e Key 0x58 = 0x04 '1' 0x04 0x04 '1' 0x04 '1' 0x04 '1' Key 0x59 = 0x1f '2' 0x1f 0x1f '2' 0x1f '2' 0x1f '2' Key 0x5a = 0x0c '3' 0x0c 0x0c '3' 0x0c '3' 0x0c '3' Key 0x5b = 0x0a 0x0a 0x0a 0x0a 0x0a 0x0a 0x0a 0x0a 0x0a Key 0x5c = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x5d = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x5e = ' ' ' ' 0x00 ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' Key 0x5f = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x60 = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x61 = 0x1c 0x1c 0x1c 0x1c 0x1c 0x1c 0x1c 0x1c 0x1c Key 0x62 = 0x1f 0x1f 0x1f 0x1f 0x1f 0x1f 0x1f 0x1f 0x1f Key 0x63 = 0x1d 0x1d 0x1d 0x1d 0x1d 0x1d 0x1d 0x1d 0x1d Key 0x64 = 0x05 '0' 0x05 0x05 '0' 0x05 '0' 0x05 '0' Key 0x65 = 0x7f ',' 0x7f 0x7f ',' 0x7f ',' 0x7f ',' Key 0x66 = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x67 = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x68 = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x69 = '<' '>' '' '|' '' '<' '>' '|' '' Key 0x6a = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x6b = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x6c = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x6d = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x6e = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x6f = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x70 = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x71 = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x72 = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x73 = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x74 = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x75 = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x76 = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x77 = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x78 = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x79 = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x7a = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x7b = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x7c = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x7d = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x7e = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Key 0x7f = '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Acute ' ' = 0xc2b4 Acute 'A' = 0xc381 Acute 'E' = 0xc389 Acute 'I' = 0xc38d Acute 'O' = 0xc393 Acute 'U' = 0xc39a Acute 'Y' = 0xc39d Acute 'a' = 0xc3a1 Acute 'e' = 0xc3a9 Acute 'i' = 0xc3ad Acute 'o' = 0xc3b3 Acute 'u' = 0xc3ba Acute 'y' = 0xc3bd Acute '' = '' Acute '' = '' Acute '' = '' AcuteTab = Normal Shift Option Option-Shift CapsLock CapsLock-Shift CapsLock-Option CapsLock-Option-Shift Grave ' ' = '`' Grave 'A' = 0xc380 Grave 'E' = 0xc388 Grave 'I' = 0xc38c Grave 'O' = 0xc392 Grave 'U' = 0xc399 Grave 'a' = 0xc3a0 Grave 'e' = 0xc3a8 Grave 'i' = 0xc3ac Grave 'o' = 0xc3b2 Grave 'u' = 0xc3b9 Grave '' = '' Grave '' = '' Grave '' = '' Grave '' = '' Grave '' = '' GraveTab = Normal Shift Option Option-Shift CapsLock CapsLock-Shift CapsLock-Option CapsLock-Option-Shift Circumflex ' ' = '^' Circumflex 'A' = 0xc382 Circumflex 'E' = 0xc38a Circumflex 'I' = 0xc38e Circumflex 'O' = 0xc394 Circumflex 'U' = 0xc39b Circumflex 'a' = 0xc3a2 Circumflex 'e' = 0xc3aa Circumflex 'i' = 0xc3ae Circumflex 'o' = 0xc3b4 Circumflex 'u' = 0xc3bb Circumflex '' = '' Circumflex '' = '' Circumflex '' = '' Circumflex '' = '' Circumflex '' = '' CircumflexTab = Normal Shift Option Option-Shift CapsLock CapsLock-Shift CapsLock-Option CapsLock-Option-Shift Diaeresis ' ' = 0xc2a8 Diaeresis 'A' = 0xc384 Diaeresis 'E' = 0xc38b Diaeresis 'I' = 0xc38f Diaeresis 'O' = 0xc396 Diaeresis 'U' = 0xc39c Diaeresis 'Y' = 0xc5b8 Diaeresis 'a' = 0xc3a4 Diaeresis 'e' = 0xc3ab Diaeresis 'i' = 0xc3af Diaeresis 'o' = 0xc3b6 Diaeresis 'u' = 0xc3bc Diaeresis 'y' = 0xc3bf Diaeresis '' = '' Diaeresis '' = '' Diaeresis '' = '' DiaeresisTab = Normal Shift Option Option-Shift CapsLock CapsLock-Shift CapsLock-Option CapsLock-Option-Shift Tilde ' ' = '~' Tilde 'A' = 0xc383 Tilde 'O' = 0xc395 Tilde 'N' = 0xc391 Tilde 'a' = 0xc3a3 Tilde 'o' = 0xc3b5 Tilde 'n' = 0xc3b1 Tilde '' = '' Tilde '' = '' Tilde '' = '' Tilde '' = '' Tilde '' = '' Tilde '' = '' Tilde '' = '' Tilde '' = '' Tilde '' = '' TildeTab = Normal Shift Option Option-Shift CapsLock CapsLock-Shift CapsLock-Option CapsLock-Option-Shift