rule ArchitectureSetup architecture
{
	# ArchitectureSetup <architecture> ;
	#
	# Initializes all global packaging architecture dependent variables for the
	# given packaging architecture. Also sets HAIKU_ARCH (to the primary
	# architecture), if this is the first invocation of the rule, and adds
	# the architecture to HAIKU_ARCHS, if not yet contained.

	# enable GCC -pipe option, if requested
	local ccBaseFlags ;
	if $(HAIKU_USE_GCC_PIPE) = 1 {
		ccBaseFlags = -pipe ;
	}

	if $(HAIKU_CC_IS_LEGACY_GCC_$(architecture)) != 1 {
		# disable strict aliasing on anything newer than gcc 2 as it may lead to
		# unexpected results.
		# TODO: remove the -fno-strict-aliasing option when all code has been
		#		analyzed/fixed with regard to aliasing.
		ccBaseFlags += -fno-strict-aliasing ;

		# Without this flag, GCC deletes many null-pointer checks that are
		# technically undefined behavior (e.g. passing NULL to strdup, among
		# others), which breaks both the kernel and various applications. See:
		#  - https://freelists.org/post/haiku-development/hrev45320-Yet-another-nonobvious-effect-of-ftreevrp-optimization
		#  - https://dev.haiku-os.org/ticket/13285#comment:8 (& subsequent comments)
		#  - https://dev.haiku-os.org/ticket/10803#comment:4 (& subsequent comments)
		# Note that the Linux also does the same:
		#  - https://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/a3ca86aea507904
		ccBaseFlags += -fno-delete-null-pointer-checks ;

		# disable some builtins that are incompatible with our definitions
		ccBaseFlags += -fno-builtin-fork -fno-builtin-vfork ;
	}

	# default architecture tuning
	local cpu = $(HAIKU_CPU_$(architecture)) ;
	local archFlags ;
	switch $(cpu) {
		case ppc : archFlags += -mcpu=440fp ;
		case arm : archFlags += -march=armv7-a -mfloat-abi=hard ;
		case x86 : archFlags += -march=pentium ;
		case riscv64 : archFlags += -march=rv64gc ;
	}
	if $(HAIKU_CC_IS_CLANG_$(architecture)) = 1 {
		# TODO: These should be included in Clang's compiler specs.
		ccBaseFlags += -fPIC ;
		HAIKU_LINKFLAGS_$(architecture) += -shared ;
	}
	ccBaseFlags += $(archFlags) ;

	# activating graphite optimizations
	if $(HAIKU_USE_GCC_GRAPHITE_$(architecture)) = 1 {
		ccBaseFlags += -floop-nest-optimize -fgraphite-identity ;
	}

	# initial state for flags etc.
	HAIKU_C++_$(architecture) ?= $(HAIKU_CC_$(architecture)) ;
	HAIKU_LINK_$(architecture) ?= $(HAIKU_CC_$(architecture)) ;

	HAIKU_CCFLAGS_$(architecture) += $(ccBaseFlags) -nostdinc ;
	HAIKU_C++FLAGS_$(architecture) += $(ccBaseFlags) -nostdinc ;
	HAIKU_LINKFLAGS_$(architecture) += $(ccBaseFlags) ;
	HAIKU_ASFLAGS_$(architecture) += $(archFlags) -nostdinc ;

	# strip is required
	if ! $(HAIKU_STRIP_$(architecture)) {
		Exit "HAIKU_STRIP_$(architecture) not set. Please re-run configure." ;
	}

	HAIKU_ARCH_$(architecture) = $(cpu) ;
	HAIKU_ARCH ?= $(cpu) ;
		# Set only, if not set yet. This way HAIKU_ARCH is set to the primary
		# architecture.
	if ! $(cpu) in $(HAIKU_ARCHS) {
		HAIKU_ARCHS += $(cpu) ;
	}
	HAIKU_DEFINES_$(architecture) += ARCH_$(cpu) ;

	# directories
	HAIKU_ARCH_OBJECT_DIR_$(architecture)
		= [ FDirName $(HAIKU_OBJECT_BASE_DIR) $(architecture) ] ;
	HAIKU_COMMON_DEBUG_OBJECT_DIR_$(architecture)
		= [ FDirName $(HAIKU_ARCH_OBJECT_DIR_$(architecture)) common ] ;
	HAIKU_DEBUG_0_OBJECT_DIR_$(architecture)
		= [ FDirName $(HAIKU_ARCH_OBJECT_DIR_$(architecture)) release ] ;

	local level ;
	for level in $(HAIKU_DEBUG_LEVELS[2-]) {
		HAIKU_DEBUG_$(level)_OBJECT_DIR_$(architecture)
			= [ FDirName $(HAIKU_ARCH_OBJECT_DIR_$(architecture))
				debug_$(level) ] ;
	}

	# set variables for gcc header options
	SetIncludePropertiesVariables HAIKU : _$(architecture) ;

	# warning flags
	HAIKU_WARNING_CCFLAGS_$(architecture) = -Wall
		-Wno-multichar
		-Wpointer-arith -Wsign-compare
		-Wmissing-prototypes ;
	HAIKU_WARNING_C++FLAGS_$(architecture) = -Wall
		-Wno-multichar
		-Wpointer-arith -Wsign-compare
		-Wno-ctor-dtor-privacy -Woverloaded-virtual ;

	# disable some Clang warnings that are not very useful
	if $(HAIKU_CC_IS_CLANG_$(architecture)) = 1 {
		HAIKU_WARNING_CCFLAGS_$(architecture) += -Wno-address-of-packed-member
			-Wno-unused-private-field -Wno-cast-align -Wno-gnu-designator
			-Wno-builtin-requires-header ;
		HAIKU_WARNING_C++FLAGS_$(architecture) += -Wno-address-of-packed-member
			-Wno-unused-private-field -Wno-cast-align -Wno-gnu-designator
			-Wno-builtin-requires-header ;
	}

	HAIKU_WERROR_FLAGS_$(architecture) = ;

	if $(HAIKU_CC_IS_LEGACY_GCC_$(architecture)) != 1 {
		# TODO: Remove all these.
		HAIKU_WERROR_FLAGS_$(architecture) += -Wno-error=unused-but-set-variable
			-Wno-error=deprecated -Wno-error=deprecated-declarations
			-Wno-error=cpp -Wno-error=trigraphs ;
		# But these can stay.
		HAIKU_WERROR_FLAGS_$(architecture) += -Wno-error=cast-align
			-Wno-error=format-truncation ;
	}

	# debug flags
	local debugFlags = -ggdb ;

	# debug 0: suppress asserts
	HAIKU_DEBUG_0_CCFLAGS_$(architecture) = [ FDefines NDEBUG=$(NDEBUG) ] ;
	HAIKU_DEBUG_0_C++FLAGS_$(architecture) = [ FDefines NDEBUG=$(NDEBUG) ] ;

	local level ;
	for level in $(HAIKU_DEBUG_LEVELS[2-]) {
		local flags = $(debugFlags) [ FDefines DEBUG=$(level) ] ;
		HAIKU_DEBUG_$(level)_CCFLAGS_$(architecture) = $(flags) ;
		HAIKU_DEBUG_$(level)_C++FLAGS_$(architecture) = $(flags) ;
	}

	# TODO: Temporary work-around. Should be defined in the compiler specs
	HAIKU_LINKFLAGS_$(architecture) += -Xlinker --no-undefined ;

	if $(HAIKU_CC_IS_LEGACY_GCC_$(architecture)) = 1 {
		HAIKU_DEFINES_$(architecture) += _BEOS_R5_COMPATIBLE_ ;
	}

	# private shared kernel/libroot headers
	HAIKU_PRIVATE_SYSTEM_HEADERS_$(architecture)
		= [ PrivateHeaders $(DOT) system system/arch/$(cpu) ] ;

	# library and executable glue code
	local commonGlueCode =
		<src!system!glue!$(architecture)>init_term_dyn.o
		<src!system!glue!arch!$(cpu)!$(architecture)>crti.o
		<src!system!glue!arch!$(cpu)!$(architecture)>crtn.o
		;
	HAIKU_LIBRARY_BEGIN_GLUE_CODE_$(architecture) =
		<src!system!glue!arch!$(cpu)!$(architecture)>crti.o
		<$(architecture)>crtbeginS.o
		<src!system!glue!$(architecture)>init_term_dyn.o
		;
	HAIKU_LIBRARY_END_GLUE_CODE_$(architecture) =
		<$(architecture)>crtendS.o
		<src!system!glue!arch!$(cpu)!$(architecture)>crtn.o
		;
	HAIKU_EXECUTABLE_BEGIN_GLUE_CODE_$(architecture) =
		<src!system!glue!arch!$(cpu)!$(architecture)>crti.o
		<$(architecture)>crtbeginS.o
		<src!system!glue!$(architecture)>start_dyn.o
		<src!system!glue!$(architecture)>init_term_dyn.o
		;
	HAIKU_EXECUTABLE_END_GLUE_CODE_$(architecture)
		= $(HAIKU_LIBRARY_END_GLUE_CODE_$(architecture)) ;

	SEARCH on <$(architecture)>crtbeginS.o <$(architecture)>crtendS.o
		= $(HAIKU_GCC_LIB_DIR_$(architecture)) ;

	# init library name map
	local libraryGrist = "" ;
	if $(architecture) != $(HAIKU_PACKAGING_ARCHS[1]) {
		libraryGrist = $(architecture) ;
	}
	local i ;
	for i in be bnetapi debug device game locale mail media midi midi2
			network package root screensaver textencoding tracker
			translation z {
		local library = lib$(i).so ;
		HAIKU_LIBRARY_NAME_MAP_$(architecture)_$(i)
			= $(library:G=$(libraryGrist)) ;
	}
	HAIKU_LIBRARY_NAME_MAP_$(architecture)_localestub
		= <$(architecture)>liblocalestub.a ;
	HAIKU_LIBRARY_NAME_MAP_$(architecture)_shared
		= <$(architecture)>libshared.a ;
	if $(architecture) = $(HAIKU_PACKAGING_ARCHS[1]) {
		HAIKU_LIBRARY_NAME_MAP_$(architecture)_input_server
			= <nogrist>input_server ;
	} else {
		HAIKU_LIBRARY_NAME_MAP_$(architecture)_input_server
			= <$(architecture)>input_server ;
	}
}


rule KernelArchitectureSetup architecture
{
	# KernelArchitectureSetup <architecture> ;
	#
	# Initializes the global kernel and boot loader related variables. Those
	# don't have a packaging architecture suffix, since they are only set for
	# the primary packaging architecture. <architecture> is the primary
	# packaging architecture (supplied for convenience).

	HAIKU_KERNEL_ARCH = $(HAIKU_ARCH) ;

	local cpu = $(HAIKU_CPU_$(architecture)) ;

	switch $(cpu) {
		case ppc :
			HAIKU_KERNEL_PLATFORM ?= openfirmware ;
			HAIKU_BOOT_TARGETS += openfirmware ;

			HAIKU_BOOT_FLOPPY_IMAGE_SIZE = 1440 ; # in kB
			# offset in floppy image (>= sizeof(haiku_loader))
			HAIKU_BOOT_ARCHIVE_IMAGE_OFFSET = 384 ; # in kB

		case sparc :
			HAIKU_KERNEL_PLATFORM ?= openfirmware ;
			HAIKU_BOOT_TARGETS += openfirmware ;

			HAIKU_BOOT_FLOPPY_IMAGE_SIZE = 1440 ; # in kB
			# offset in floppy image (>= sizeof(haiku_loader))
			HAIKU_BOOT_ARCHIVE_IMAGE_OFFSET = 384 ; # in kB

		case arm :
			HAIKU_KERNEL_PLATFORM ?= efi ;
			HAIKU_BOOT_TARGETS += efi ;

			# SOC's like allwinner need an offset to skip the hardcoded initial loader
			HAIKU_BOOT_SDIMAGE_BEGIN = 20475 ; # in KiB

			HAIKU_BOOT_FLOPPY_IMAGE_SIZE = 1440 ;
			# offset in floppy image (>= sizeof(haiku_loader))
			HAIKU_BOOT_ARCHIVE_IMAGE_OFFSET = 192 ; # in kB - unused yet
			HAIKU_BOOT_LOADER_BASE ?= 0x1000000 ;

		case arm64 :
			HAIKU_KERNEL_PLATFORM ?= efi ;
			HAIKU_BOOT_TARGETS += efi ;

			HAIKU_BOOT_SDIMAGE_BEGIN = 2 ; # in KiB

			HAIKU_BOOT_FLOPPY_IMAGE_SIZE = 1440 ;
			# offset in floppy image (>= sizeof(haiku_loader))
			HAIKU_BOOT_ARCHIVE_IMAGE_OFFSET = 192 ; # in kB - unused yet
			HAIKU_BOOT_LOADER_BASE ?= 0x1000000 ;

		case x86 :
			HAIKU_KERNEL_PLATFORM ?= bios_ia32 ;
			HAIKU_BOOT_TARGETS += bios_ia32 pxe_ia32 ;
			HAIKU_ANYBOOT_LEGACY = 1 ;

			HAIKU_BOOT_FLOPPY_IMAGE_SIZE = 2880 ; # in kB
			# offset in floppy image (>= sizeof(haiku_loader))
			HAIKU_BOOT_ARCHIVE_IMAGE_OFFSET = 320 ; # in kB

			# nasm is required for target arch x86
			if ! $(HAIKU_NASM) {
				Exit "HAIKU_NASM not set. Please re-run configure." ;
			}

		case riscv64 :
			HAIKU_KERNEL_PLATFORM ?= efi ;
			HAIKU_BOOT_TARGETS += efi riscv ;

			HAIKU_BOOT_SDIMAGE_BEGIN = 2 ; # KiB

			HAIKU_BOOT_FLOPPY_IMAGE_SIZE = 1440 ;
			# offset in floppy image (>= sizeof(haiku_loader))
			HAIKU_BOOT_ARCHIVE_IMAGE_OFFSET = 192 ; # in kB - unused yet
			HAIKU_BOOT_LOADER_BASE ?= 0x1000000 ;

		case x86_64 :
			# x86_64 completely shares the x86 bootloader for MBR.
			HAIKU_KERNEL_PLATFORM ?= bios_ia32 ;
			HAIKU_BOOT_TARGETS += bios_ia32 efi pxe_ia32 ;

			HAIKU_BOOT_FLOPPY_IMAGE_SIZE = 2880 ; # in kB
			# offset in floppy image (>= sizeof(haiku_loader))
			HAIKU_BOOT_ARCHIVE_IMAGE_OFFSET = 320 ; # in kB

			# x86_64 kernel source is under arch/x86.
			HAIKU_KERNEL_ARCH = x86 ;

			# nasm is required for target arch x86_64
			if ! $(HAIKU_NASM) {
				Exit "HAIKU_NASM not set. Please re-run configure." ;
			}

		case m68k :
			HAIKU_KERNEL_PLATFORM ?= atari_m68k ;
			HAIKU_BOOT_TARGETS += amiga_m68k atari_m68k next_m68k ;
			switch $(HAIKU_KERNEL_PLATFORM) {
				case atari_m68k :
				{
					HAIKU_BOOT_FLOPPY_IMAGE_SIZE = 1440 ; # in kB
				}
				case amiga_m68k :
				{
					# for now we have trouble reading from double-sided images
					HAIKU_BOOT_FLOPPY_IMAGE_SIZE = 880 ; # in kB
				}
				case next_m68k :
				{
					HAIKU_BOOT_FLOPPY_IMAGE_SIZE = 1440 ; # in kB
				}
			}
			# offset in floppy image (>= sizeof(haiku_loader))
			HAIKU_BOOT_ARCHIVE_IMAGE_OFFSET = 260 ; # in kB
			HAIKU_CONTAINER_STRIP_EXECUTABLES on
				$(HAIKU_FLOPPY_BOOT_IMAGE_CONTAINER_NAME) = 1 ;

		case * :
			Exit "Currently unsupported target CPU:" $(cpu) ;
	}

	# private kernel headers to be used when compiling kernel code
	HAIKU_PRIVATE_KERNEL_HEADERS =
		[ PrivateHeaders $(DOT) kernel libroot shared
			kernel/boot/platform/$(HAIKU_KERNEL_PLATFORM) ]
		[ ArchHeaders $(HAIKU_KERNEL_ARCH) ]
		[ FDirName $(HAIKU_COMMON_DEBUG_OBJECT_DIR_$(architecture)) system
			kernel ]
		$(HAIKU_PRIVATE_SYSTEM_HEADERS_$(architecture))
		;

	# C/C++ flags
	local ccBaseFlags = -finline -fno-builtin ;

	if $(HAIKU_CC_IS_LEGACY_GCC_$(architecture)) != 1 {
		if $(HAIKU_CC_IS_CLANG_$(architecture)) != 1 {
			# Clang does not yet understand this flag.
			ccBaseFlags += -fno-semantic-interposition ;
		}

		ccBaseFlags += -ffreestanding ;
	}

	local c++BaseFlags = $(ccBaseFlags) -fno-exceptions ;

	if $(HAIKU_CC_IS_LEGACY_GCC_$(architecture)) != 1
			&& $(HAIKU_CC_IS_CLANG_$(architecture)) != 1 {
		c++BaseFlags += -fno-use-cxa-atexit ;
	}

	HAIKU_KERNEL_CCFLAGS = $(HAIKU_CCFLAGS_$(architecture)) $(ccBaseFlags) ;
	HAIKU_KERNEL_C++FLAGS = $(HAIKU_C++FLAGS_$(architecture)) $(c++BaseFlags) ;
	HAIKU_KERNEL_PIC_CCFLAGS = ;
	HAIKU_KERNEL_PIC_LINKFLAGS = ;
	HAIKU_KERNEL_ADDON_LINKFLAGS = ;

	# Common boot-related cflags which apply to all loaders
	HAIKU_BOOT_CCFLAGS = $(HAIKU_CCFLAGS_$(architecture)) $(ccBaseFlags) ;
	HAIKU_BOOT_C++FLAGS = $(HAIKU_C++FLAGS_$(architecture)) $(c++BaseFlags) ;
	HAIKU_BOOT_LINKFLAGS = ;
	HAIKU_BOOT_LDFLAGS = -Bstatic ;

	# Remove -fPIC and other unwanted options from the BOOT flags (they are sometimes
	# added to force PIC in general.)
	local fixedBootCCFlags ;
	local fixedBootC++Flags ;
	for flag in $(HAIKU_BOOT_CCFLAGS) {
		if $(flag) = "-fpic" || $(flag) = "-fPIC" {
			continue ;
		}
		fixedBootCCFlags += $(flag) ;
	}
	for flag in $(HAIKU_BOOT_C++FLAGS) {
		if $(flag) = "-fpic" || $(flag) = "-fPIC" {
			continue ;
		}
		fixedBootC++Flags += $(flag) ;
	}
	HAIKU_BOOT_CCFLAGS = $(fixedBootCCFlags) ;
	HAIKU_BOOT_C++FLAGS = $(fixedBootC++Flags) ;

	# Any special kernel base addresses
	if $(HAIKU_BOOT_LOADER_BASE) {
		HAIKU_BOOT_LDFLAGS +=
			--defsym BOOT_LOADER_BASE=$(HAIKU_BOOT_LOADER_BASE) ;
	}

	switch $(cpu) {
		case arm :
			HAIKU_KERNEL_PIC_LINKFLAGS += -z max-page-size=0x1000 ;
			HAIKU_KERNEL_ADDON_LINKFLAGS += -z max-page-size=0x1000 ;
			HAIKU_KERNEL_PIC_CCFLAGS = -fpic ;
			HAIKU_KERNEL_PIC_LINKFLAGS = -shared ;

		case arm64 :
			HAIKU_KERNEL_PIC_LINKFLAGS += -z max-page-size=0x1000 ;
			HAIKU_KERNEL_ADDON_LINKFLAGS += -z max-page-size=0x1000 ;
			HAIKU_KERNEL_PIC_CCFLAGS = -fpic ;
			HAIKU_KERNEL_PIC_LINKFLAGS = -shared ;

		case m68k :
			# We don't want to have to handle emulating missing FPU opcodes for
			# 040 and 060 in the kernel.
			HAIKU_KERNEL_CCFLAGS += -m68020-60 ;
			HAIKU_KERNEL_C++FLAGS += -m68020-60 ;

		case ppc :
			# Build a position independent PPC kernel. We need to be able to
			# relocate the kernel, since the virtual address space layout at
			# boot time is not fixed.
			HAIKU_KERNEL_PIC_CCFLAGS = -fPIE ;
			HAIKU_KERNEL_PIC_LINKFLAGS = -shared -fPIE ;

		case riscv64 :
			# Kernel lives within any single 2 GiB address space.
			# Default is medlow (-2GiB / +2GiB)
			HAIKU_KERNEL_CCFLAGS += -mcmodel=medany -fpic ;
			HAIKU_KERNEL_C++FLAGS += -mcmodel=medany -fpic ;
			HAIKU_KERNEL_PIC_LINKFLAGS = -shared ;

		case sparc :
			# The medlow code model is enough (64-bit addresses, programs must
			# be linked in the low 32 bits of memory. Programs can be
			# statically or dynamically linked.)
			HAIKU_KERNEL_CCFLAGS += -mcmodel=medlow ;
			HAIKU_KERNEL_C++FLAGS += -mcmodel=medlow ;

			# Unfortunately it's not easy to make the kernel be
			# position-independant, on sparc, that requires relocation support
			# in the ELF loader to fill in the plt section.
			HAIKU_KERNEL_PIC_CCFLAGS = -fPIE ;
			HAIKU_KERNEL_PIC_LINKFLAGS = -shared -fPIE ;

		case x86 :
			HAIKU_KERNEL_PIC_CCFLAGS = -fno-pic ;
			HAIKU_KERNEL_CCFLAGS += -march=pentium ;
			HAIKU_KERNEL_C++FLAGS += -march=pentium ;

		case x86_64 :
			# Kernel lives in the top 2GB of the address space, use kernel code
			# model.
			HAIKU_KERNEL_PIC_CCFLAGS = -fno-pic -mcmodel=kernel ;

			# Disable the red zone, which cannot be used in kernel code due to
			# interrupts, and always enable the frame pointer so stack traces
			# are correct.
			HAIKU_KERNEL_CCFLAGS += -mno-red-zone -fno-omit-frame-pointer ;
			HAIKU_KERNEL_C++FLAGS += -mno-red-zone -fno-omit-frame-pointer ;
			HAIKU_KERNEL_PIC_LINKFLAGS += -z max-page-size=0x1000 ;
			HAIKU_KERNEL_ADDON_LINKFLAGS += -z max-page-size=0x1000 ;

			if x86 in $(HAIKU_ARCHS[2-]) || x86_gcc2 in $(HAIKU_ARCHS[2-]) {
				Echo "Enable kernel ia32 compatibility" ;
				HAIKU_KERNEL_DEFINES += _COMPAT_MODE ;
				HAIKU_KERNEL_COMPAT_MODE = 1 ;
			}
	}

	# bootloader-centric flags
	local bootTarget ;
	for bootTarget in $(HAIKU_BOOT_TARGETS) {
		switch $(bootTarget) {
			case efi :
				# efi bootloader is PIC
				HAIKU_BOOT_$(bootTarget:U)_CCFLAGS += -fpic -fno-stack-protector
					-fPIC -fshort-wchar -Wno-error=unused-variable -Wno-error=main ;
				HAIKU_BOOT_$(bootTarget:U)_C++FLAGS += -fpic -fno-stack-protector
					-fPIC -fshort-wchar -Wno-error=unused-variable -Wno-error=main ;
				switch $(cpu) {
					case x86 :
						if $(HAIKU_CC_IS_CLANG_$(architecture)) != 1 {
							HAIKU_BOOT_$(bootTarget:U)_CCFLAGS += -maccumulate-outgoing-args ;
							HAIKU_BOOT_$(bootTarget:U)_C++FLAGS += -maccumulate-outgoing-args ;
						}
					case x86_64 :
						HAIKU_BOOT_$(bootTarget:U)_CCFLAGS += -mno-red-zone ;
						HAIKU_BOOT_$(bootTarget:U)_C++FLAGS += -mno-red-zone ;
						if $(HAIKU_CC_IS_CLANG_$(architecture)) != 1 {
							HAIKU_BOOT_$(bootTarget:U)_CCFLAGS += -maccumulate-outgoing-args ;
							HAIKU_BOOT_$(bootTarget:U)_C++FLAGS += -maccumulate-outgoing-args ;
						}
				}
				HAIKU_BOOT_$(bootTarget:U)_LDFLAGS = -Bstatic -Bsymbolic
					-nostdlib -znocombreloc -no-undefined ;
			case bios_ia32 :
				# bios_ia32 is non-PIC
				HAIKU_BOOT_$(bootTarget:U)_CCFLAGS += -fno-pic -march=pentium ;
				HAIKU_BOOT_$(bootTarget:U)_C++FLAGS += -fno-pic -march=pentium ;
				if $(HAIKU_CC_IS_CLANG_$(architecture)) = 1 {
					HAIKU_BOOT_$(bootTarget:U)_LDFLAGS += -m elf_i386 ;
				} else {
					HAIKU_BOOT_$(bootTarget:U)_LDFLAGS += -m elf_i386_haiku ;
				}
				if $(HAIKU_CC_IS_LEGACY_GCC_$(architecture)) != 1 {
					HAIKU_BOOT_$(bootTarget:U)_CCFLAGS += -Wno-error=main -m32 ;
					HAIKU_BOOT_$(bootTarget:U)_C++FLAGS += -Wno-error=main -m32 ;
				}
			case pxe_ia32 :
				# pxe_ia32 is non-PIC
				HAIKU_BOOT_$(bootTarget:U)_CCFLAGS += -fno-pic -march=pentium ;
				HAIKU_BOOT_$(bootTarget:U)_C++FLAGS += -fno-pic -march=pentium ;
				if $(HAIKU_CC_IS_CLANG_$(architecture)) = 1 {
					HAIKU_BOOT_$(bootTarget:U)_LDFLAGS += -m elf_i386 ;
				} else {
					HAIKU_BOOT_$(bootTarget:U)_LDFLAGS += -m elf_i386_haiku ;
				}
				if $(HAIKU_CC_IS_LEGACY_GCC_$(architecture)) != 1 {
					HAIKU_BOOT_$(bootTarget:U)_CCFLAGS += -Wno-error=main -m32 ;
					HAIKU_BOOT_$(bootTarget:U)_C++FLAGS += -Wno-error=main -m32 ;
				}
			case *_m68k :
				# TODO: make sure all m68k bootloaders are non-PIC
				HAIKU_BOOT_$(bootTarget:U)_CCFLAGS += -fno-pic -Wno-error=main ;
				HAIKU_BOOT_$(bootTarget:U)_C++FLAGS += -fno-pic -Wno-error=main ;
				switch $(cpu) {
					case m68k :
						# use only common instructions by default
						HAIKU_BOOT_$(bootTarget:U)_CCFLAGS += -m68020-60 ;
						HAIKU_BOOT_$(bootTarget:U)_C++FLAGS += -m68020-60 ;
					# TODO: coldfire (FireBee)
				}
			case riscv :
				HAIKU_BOOT_$(bootTarget:U)_CCFLAGS += -mcmodel=medany -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-plt -fno-pic -fno-semantic-interposition ;
				HAIKU_BOOT_$(bootTarget:U)_C++FLAGS += -mcmodel=medany -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-plt -fno-pic -fno-semantic-interposition ;
			case * :
				# all other bootloaders are non-PIC
				HAIKU_BOOT_$(bootTarget:U)_CCFLAGS += -fno-pic -Wno-error=main ;
				HAIKU_BOOT_$(bootTarget:U)_C++FLAGS += -fno-pic -Wno-error=main ;
		}
	}

	# warning flags
	HAIKU_KERNEL_WARNING_CCFLAGS = $(HAIKU_WARNING_CCFLAGS_$(architecture)) ;
	HAIKU_KERNEL_WARNING_C++FLAGS = $(HAIKU_WARNING_C++FLAGS_$(architecture)) ;

	# debug flags
	local level ;
	for level in $(HAIKU_DEBUG_LEVELS) {
		local flags = $(HAIKU_DEBUG_FLAGS) [ FDefines DEBUG=$(level) ] ;
		HAIKU_KERNEL_DEBUG_$(level)_CCFLAGS
			= $(HAIKU_DEBUG_$(level)_CCFLAGS_$(architecture)) ;
		HAIKU_KERNEL_DEBUG_$(level)_C++FLAGS
			= $(HAIKU_DEBUG_$(level)_C++FLAGS_$(architecture)) ;
	}

	# defines
	HAIKU_KERNEL_DEFINES += _KERNEL_MODE ;

	HAIKU_DEFINES_$(architecture)
		+= BOOT_ARCHIVE_IMAGE_OFFSET=$(HAIKU_BOOT_ARCHIVE_IMAGE_OFFSET) ;
		# TODO: That doesn't need to be a general define. It's just needed for
		# compiling (part of) the boot loader.

	# kernel add-on glue code
	HAIKU_KERNEL_ADDON_BEGIN_GLUE_CODE = <$(architecture)>crtbeginS.o
		<src!system!glue!$(architecture)>haiku_version_glue.o ;
	HAIKU_KERNEL_ADDON_END_GLUE_CODE = <$(architecture)>crtendS.o ;
}


rule ArchitectureSetupWarnings architecture
{
	# ArchitectureSetupWarnings <architecture> ;
	#
	# Sets up compiler warnings and error flags for various subdirectories for
	# the given packaging architecture.

	if $(HAIKU_CC_IS_CLANG_$(architecture)) = 1 {
		AppendToConfigVar CCFLAGS :
			HAIKU_TOP src system libroot posix glibc :
			-fgnu89-inline -fheinous-gnu-extensions : global ;
	}

	local cpu = $(HAIKU_CPU_$(architecture)) ;
	switch $(cpu) {
		case arm :
			return ;
				# we use #warning as placeholders for things to write...
		case m68k :
			return ;
				# we use #warning as placeholders for things to write...
		case ppc :
			return ;
				# we use #warning as placeholders for things to write...
	}

	# enable -Werror for certain parts of the source tree
	HAIKU_WERROR_ARCH = $(architecture) ;

	rule EnableWerror dirTokens : scope {
		# Clang gives way more warnings than GCC, so that code won't compile
		# with -Werror when using Clang.
		if $(HAIKU_CC_IS_CLANG_$(architecture)) != 1 {
			SetConfigVar WARNINGS : HAIKU_TOP $(dirTokens) : treatAsErrors
				: $(scope) ;
		}
	}

	rule EnableStackProtector dirTokens : scope {
		# enable stack protector, if requested
		if $(HAIKU_USE_STACK_PROTECTOR) = 1 {
			AppendToConfigVar CCFLAGS : HAIKU_TOP $(dirTokens) :
				-fstack-protector : $(scope) ;
			AppendToConfigVar C++FLAGS : HAIKU_TOP $(dirTokens) :
				-fstack-protector : $(scope) ;
		}
	}

	# Work-around for GCC 2 problem -- despite -Wno-multichar it reports
	# multichar warnings in headers/private/kernel/debugger_keymaps.h included
	# by src/system/kernel/arch/x86/arch_debug_console.cpp.
	if $(HAIKU_CC_IS_LEGACY_GCC_$(architecture)) = 1 {
		local file = <src!system!kernel!arch!x86>arch_debug_console.o ;
		WARNINGS on $(file) = $(WARNINGS) ;
	}

	EnableWerror src add-ons accelerants ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons bluetooth ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons decorators ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons disk_systems ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons input_server devices ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons input_server filters ;
#	EnableWerror src add-ons input_server methods pen ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons input_server methods t9 ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel bluetooth ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel bus_managers acpi ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel bus_managers agp_gart ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel bus_managers ata ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel bus_managers config_manager ;
#	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel bus_managers firewire ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel bus_managers ide ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel bus_managers isa ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel bus_managers pci ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel bus_managers ps2 ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel bus_managers random ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel bus_managers scsi ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel bus_managers tty ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel bus_managers usb ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel bus_managers virtio ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel busses agp_gart ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel busses ata ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel busses scsi ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel busses usb ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel console ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel cpu ;
#	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel debugger ; # gcc2
#	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel drivers audio ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel drivers bluetooth ;
#	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel drivers bus ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel drivers common ;
#	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel drivers disk ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel drivers dvb ;
#	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel drivers graphics ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel drivers graphics intel_extreme ;
#	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel drivers input ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel drivers joystick ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel drivers midi ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel drivers misc ;
#	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel drivers network ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel drivers ports ;
#	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel drivers power ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel drivers printer ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel drivers random ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel drivers tty ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel drivers video ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel file_systems bfs ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel file_systems cdda ;
#	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel file_systems ext2 ;
#	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel file_systems fat ;
#	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel file_systems googlefs ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel file_systems iso9660 ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel file_systems layers ;
#	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel file_systems netfs ;
#	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel file_systems nfs ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel file_systems nfs4 ;
#	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel file_systems ntfs ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel file_systems packagefs ;
#	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel file_systems ramfs ;
#	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel file_systems reiserfs ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel file_systems udf ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel file_systems userlandfs ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel generic ;
#	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel network datalink_protocols ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel network devices ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel network dns_resolver ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel network notifications ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel network ppp ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel network protocols ;
#	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel network stack ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel partitioning_systems ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons kernel power ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons locale ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons mail_daemon ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons media media-add-ons demultiplexer ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons media media-add-ons dvb ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons media media-add-ons esound_sink ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons media media-add-ons finepix_webcam ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons media media-add-ons firewire_dv ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons media media-add-ons legacy ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons media media-add-ons mixer ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons media media-add-ons multi_audio ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons media media-add-ons opensound ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons media media-add-ons radeon ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons media media-add-ons reader ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons media media-add-ons tone_producer_demo ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons media media-add-ons usb_vision ;
#	EnableWerror src add-ons media media-add-ons usb_webcam ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons media media-add-ons video_mixer ;
#	EnableWerror src add-ons media media-add-ons video_producer_demo ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons media media-add-ons videowindow ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons media media-add-ons writer ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons media plugins ape_reader ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons media plugins au_reader ;
#	EnableWerror src add-ons media plugins ffmpeg ;
#	EnableWerror src add-ons media plugins raw_decoder ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons print ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons screen_savers ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons tracker ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons translators bmp ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons translators exr ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons translators gif ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons translators hvif ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons translators ico ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons translators jpeg ;
#	EnableWerror src add-ons translators jpeg2000 ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons translators pcx ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons translators png ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons translators ppm ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons translators raw ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons translators rtf ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons translators sgi ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons translators shared ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons translators stxt ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons translators tga ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons translators tiff ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons translators wonderbrush ;
	EnableWerror src add-ons print ;
	EnableWerror src bin desklink ;
	EnableWerror src bin multiuser ;
	EnableWerror src bin package ;
	EnableWerror src bin package_repo ;
	EnableWerror src bin pkgman ;
	EnableWerror src libs bsd ;
	EnableWerror src apps ;
	EnableWerror src kits ;
	EnableWerror src preferences ;
	EnableWerror src servers ;
	EnableWerror src system boot ;
	EnableWerror src system kernel ;
	EnableWerror src system libroot add-ons ;
	EnableWerror src system libroot os ;
	EnableWerror src system libroot posix locale ;
	EnableWerror src system libroot posix wchar ;
	EnableWerror src system runtime_loader ;

	EnableStackProtector src apps ;
	EnableStackProtector src kits ;
	EnableStackProtector src preferences ;
	EnableStackProtector src servers ;
	EnableStackProtector src system kernel ;
}


rule MultiArchIfPrimary ifValue : elseValue : architecture
{
	# MultiArchIfPrimary <ifValue> : <elseValue>
	#	[ : <architecture> = $(TARGET_PACKAGING_ARCH) ] ;
	#
	# Returns one of the two given values depending on whether
	# <architecture> is the primary packaging architecture.

	architecture ?= $(TARGET_PACKAGING_ARCH) ;

	if $(architecture) = $(TARGET_PACKAGING_ARCHS[1]) {
		return $(ifValue) ;
	}
	return $(elseValue) ;
}


rule MultiArchConditionalGristFiles files : primaryGrist : secondaryGrist
	: architecture
{
	# MultiArchConditionalGristFiles <files> : <primaryGrist>
	#	: <secondaryGrist> [ : <architecture> = $(TARGET_PACKAGING_ARCH) ] ;
	#
	# Returns <files> with their grist set to either <primaryGrist> or
	# <secondaryGrist> depending on whether <architecture> is the primary
	# packaging architecture.

	architecture ?= $(TARGET_PACKAGING_ARCH) ;

	local grist = [ MultiArchIfPrimary $(primaryGrist) : $(secondaryGrist)
		: $(architecture) ] ;
	return $(files:G=$(grist:E=)) ;
}


rule MultiArchDefaultGristFiles files : gristPrefix : architecture
{
	# MultiArchDefaultGristFiles <files> : <gristPrefix>
	#	[ : <architecture> = $(TARGET_PACKAGING_ARCH) ] ;
	#
	# Convenient shorthand for MultiArchConditionalGristFiles for the common
	# case that for a secondary packaging architecture the packaging
	# architecture name shall be appended to the grist while it shall be omitted
	# for the primary packaging architecture. IOW, if architecture is the
	# primary packaging architecture, <files> are returned with their grist set
	# to <gristPrefix>, otherwise <files> are returned with their grist set to
	# <gristPrefix>!<architecture> respectively <architecture> (if <gristPrefix>
	# is empty).

	architecture ?= $(TARGET_PACKAGING_ARCH) ;

	local secondaryGrist = $(gristPrefix)!$(architecture) ;
	secondaryGrist ?= $(architecture) ;

	return [ MultiArchConditionalGristFiles $(files) : $(gristPrefix) :
		$(secondaryGrist) : $(architecture) ] ;
}


rule MultiArchSubDirSetup architectures
{
	# MultiArchSubDirSetup <architectures> ;
	#
	# For each of the given packaging architectures <architectures> that are
	# in the packaging architectures configured for the build (or all configured
	# packaging architectures, if <architectures> is empty) an object is
	# prepared that can be used for an "on ... { ... }" block to set up subdir
	# variables for the respective packaging architecture. Most notably
	# TARGET_PACKAGING_ARCH, TARGET_ARCH are set to the values for the
	# respective packaging architecture. The per-subdir variables SOURCE_GRIST,
	# LOCATE_TARGET, LOCATE_SOURCE, SEARCH_SOURCE, *_LOCATE_TARGET, are reset.
	# All SUBDIR* and config variables are set to the values they had when this
	# rule was invoked.

	local result ;
	architectures ?= $(TARGET_PACKAGING_ARCHS) ;
	local architecture ;
	for architecture in $(architectures) {
		if ! $(architecture) in $(TARGET_PACKAGING_ARCHS) {
			continue ;
		}

		local architectureObject = $(architecture:G=<arch-object>) ;
		result += $(architectureObject) ;

		# Set the variables that default to the values of the respective
		# variables for the primary architecture.
		TARGET_PACKAGING_ARCH on $(architectureObject) = $(architecture) ;

		local var ;
		for var in TARGET_ARCH {
			$(var) on $(architectureObject) = $($(var)_$(architecture)) ;
		}

		# Clone the current config variable values and the variables SubDir
		# resets.
		for var in $(AUTO_SET_UP_CONFIG_VARIABLES) SUBDIR$(SUBDIRRESET) {
			$(var) on $(architectureObject) = $($(var)) ;
		}

		# adjust SOURCE_GRIST and HDRGRIST
		SOURCE_GRIST on $(architectureObject)
			= $(SOURCE_GRIST:E=)!$(architecture) ;

		HDRGRIST on $(architectureObject)
			= $(HDRGRIST:E=)!$(architecture) ;

		# Adjust the subdir's object dirs that are architecture dependent. To
		# avoid duplicating the code from SetupObjectsDir, we call it. Since it
		# sets global variables, we set these variables on our object, call
		# SetupObjectsDir in an "on" block, and grab the new variable values.
		local hostTarget = HOST TARGET ;
		local objectDirVars =
			COMMON_ARCH COMMON_DEBUG DEBUG_$(HAIKU_DEBUG_LEVELS)
			;
		objectDirVars =
			COMMON_PLATFORM_LOCATE_TARGET
			$(hostTarget)_$(objectDirVars)_LOCATE_TARGET
			LOCATE_TARGET
			LOCATE_SOURCE
			SEARCH_SOURCE
			;

		for var in $(objectDirVars) {
			$(var) on $(architectureObject) = ;
		}

		on $(architectureObject) {
			SetupObjectsDir ;

			for var in $(objectDirVars) {
				$(var) on $(architectureObject) = $($(var)) ;
			}
		}
	}

	return $(result) ;
}