* The team and thread kernel structures have been renamed to Team and Thread
respectively and moved into the new BKernel namespace.
* Several (kernel add-on) sources have been converted from C to C++ since
private kernel headers are included that are no longer C compatible.
Changes after merging:
* Fixed gcc 2 build (warnings mainly in the scary firewire bus manager).
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the parameter (CID 5329).
* _MergeWithOnlyConsumer(): Removed the somewhat weird consumerLocked
parameter. The caller can unlock itself, if desired. Improves Unlock()
readability.
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vm_page::Init().
* Made vm_page::wired_count private and added accessor methods.
* Added VMCache::fWiredPagesCount (the number of wired pages the cache
contains) and accessor methods.
* Made more use of vm_page::IsMapped().
* vm_copy_on_write_area(): Added vm_page_reservation* parameter that can be
used to request a special handling for wired pages. If given the wired pages
are replaced by copies and the original pages are moved to the upper cache.
* vm_copy_area():
- We don't need to do any wired ranges handling, if the source area is a
B_SHARED_AREA, since we don't touch the area's mappings in this case.
- We no longer wait for wired ranges of the concerned areas to disappear.
Instead we use the new vm_copy_on_write_area() feature and just let it
copy the wired pages. This fixes#6288, an issue introduced with the use
of user mutexes in libroot: When executing multiple concurrent fork()s all
but the first one would wait on the fork mutex, which (being a user mutex)
would wire a page that the vm_copy_area() of the first fork() would wait
for.
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ClearAccessedAndModified() implementations into helper methods PageUnmapped()
and UnaccessedPageUnmapped() in the base class.
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vm_available_not_needed_memory() version that can be called from within the
kernel debugger.
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kernel private.
* Moved dumping code from dump_cache() to new VMCache::Dump().
* Override VMCache::Dump() in VMVnodeCache to also print the vnode.
* Removed no longer needed VMCache::GetLock().
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restrictions for virtual/physical addresses.
* vm_page_allocate_page_run():
- Fixed conversion of base/limit to array indexes. sPhysicalPageOffset was not
taken into account.
- Takes a physical_address_restrictions instead of base/limit and also
supports alignment and boundary restrictions, now.
* map_backing_store(), VM[User,Kernel]AddressSpace::InsertArea()/
ReserveAddressRange() take a virtual_address_restrictions parameter, now. They
also support an alignment independent from the range size.
* create_area_etc(), vm_create_anonymous_area(): Take
{virtual,physical}_address_restrictions parameters, now.
* Removed no longer needed B_PHYSICAL_BASE_ADDRESS.
* DMAResources:
- Fixed potential overflows of uint32 when initializing from device node
attributes.
- Fixed bounce buffer creation TODOs: By using create_area_etc() with the
new restrictions parameters we can directly support physical high address,
boundary, and alignment.
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that are wide enough for both virtual and physical addresses.
* DMABuffer, IORequest, IOScheduler,... and code using them: Use
generic_io_vec and generic_{addr,size}_t where necessary.
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where appropriate.
* Typedef'ed page_num_t to phys_addr_t and used it in more places in
vm_page.{h,cpp}.
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map_backing_store() doesn't commit memory when this flag is given.
* Used the new flag vm_copy_area(): We no longer commit memory for read-only
areas. This prevents read-only mapped files from suddenly requiring memory
after fork(). Might improve the situation on machines with very little RAM
a bit.
We should probably mark writable copies over-committing, since the usual
case is fork() + exec() where the child normally doesn't need more than a
few pages until calling exec(). That would significantly reduce the memory
requirement for jamming the Haiku tree.
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implemented for any architecture yet.
* vm_set_area_memory_type(): Call VMTranslationMap::ProtectArea() to change the
memory type for the already mapped pages.
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* Don't set the VMArea's memory type in arch_vm_set_memory_type(), but let the
callers do that.
* vm_set_area_memory_type(): Does nothing, if the memory type doesn't change.
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of consistency.
* Moved the B_OVERCOMMITTING_AREA flag from B_KERNEL_AREA_FLAGS to
B_USER_AREA_FLAGS, since we really allow it to be passed from userland.
* Most VM syscalls check the provided protection against B_USER_AREA_FLAGS
instead of B_USER_PROTECTION, now. This way they allow for
B_OVERCOMMITTING_AREA as well.
* _user_map_file(), _user_set_memory_protection(): Check the protection like
the other syscalls do and use fix_protection() instead of doing that
manually.
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free respective free and cached pages.
* Removed the unused vm_page_allocate_page_run_no_base().
* vm_page_allocate_page_run() (and allocate_page_run()):
- Use vm_page_reserve_pages() instead of vm_page_try_reserve_pages(), i.e.
wait until the reservation succeeds.
- Now we iterates two times through the pages to find a suitable page run. In
the first iteration it only looks for free/clear pages, in the second
iteration it also considers cached pages. This increases the chance of the
function to succeed, when a lot of caching is going on.
This reduces the amount of memory required to use the IOCache when booting
off the anyboot Live CD to around 160 MB in qemu. It also seems to work with
128 MB, but the syslog indicates that some memory allocations fail, which
is not exactly inspiring confidence.
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swap space when the cache shrinks. Currently the implementation stil leaks
swap space of busy pages.
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mapped page.
* debug_{mem,strl}cpy():
- Added "team" parameter for specifying the address space the address are
to be interpreted in.
- When the standard memcpy() (with fault handler) fails, fall back to
vm_debug_copy_page_memory().
* Added debug_is_debugged_team(): Predicate returning true, if the supplied
team_id refers to the same team debug_get_debugged_thread() belongs to.
* Added DebuggedThreadSetter class for scope-based debug_set_debugged_thread().
Made use of it in several debugger functions.
* print_demangled_call() (x86): Fixed unsafe memory access.
Allows KDL stack traces to work correctly again, even if the page daemon has
already unmapped the concerned pages.
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return it.
* lock_memory_etc(): On error the VMAreaWiredRange object could be leaked.
* [un]lock_memory_etc(): Call VMArea::Unwire() with the cache locked and
explicitly delete the range object after unlocking the cache to avoid
potential deadlocks.
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Since the requirement is that the area's top cache is locked, allocating
memory isn't allowed.
* lock_memory_etc(): Create the VMAreaWiredRange object explicitly before
locking the area's top cache.
Fixes#5680 (deadlocks when using the slab as malloc() backend).
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* _user_map_file(), _user_unmap_memory(): Verify that the address (if given) is
page aligned.
* Reworked memory locking (wiring):
- VMArea does now have a list of wired memory ranges and supports waiting for
a range to be removed.
- vm_soft_fault():
- Added "wirePage" parameter that, if given, makes the function wire the
page and return it.
- Added "wiredRange" parameter (for calls from lock_memory_etc()) and made
sure we never unmap wired pages. This could e.g. happen when a page from a
lower cache was read-mapped and a write fault occurred. Now in such a
situation the function waits for the page to be unwired and restarts.
- All functions that manipulate areas in a way that could affect wired ranges
do now either require the caller to make sure there are no wired ranges in
the way or do that themselves. Added a few wait_if_*_is_wired() helper
functions for that purpose.
- lock_memory_etc():
- Does now also work correctly when the range spans more than one area.
- Adds VMAreaWiredRanges to the affected VMAreas and retains an address
space reference (so that the address space won't be deleted as long as a
wired range exists).
- Resolved TODO: The area's caches are now locked when
increment_page_wired_count() is called.
- Resolved TODO: The race condition due to missing locking after looking up
the page mapping is now prevented. We hold the cache locks (in case the
page is already mapped) and the new vm_soft_fault() parameter allows us
to get the page wired.
- unlock_memory_etc(): Changes symmetrical to those in lock_memory_etc() and
resolved all TODOs.
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* Added vm_clear_page_mapping_accessed_flags() and
vm_remove_all_page_mappings_if_unaccessed(), which combine the functionality
of vm_test_map_activation(), vm_clear_map_flags(), and
vm_remove_all_page_mappings(), thus saving lots of calls to translation map
methods. The backend is the new method
VMTranslationMap::ClearAccessedAndModified().
* Started to make use of the cached page queue and changed the meaning of the
other non-free queues slightly:
- Active queue: Contains mapped pages that have been used recently.
- Inactive queue: Contains mapped pages that have not been used recently. Also
contains unmapped temporary pages.
- Modified queue: Contains unmapped modified pages.
- Cached queue: Contains unmapped unmodified pages (LRU sorted).
Unless we're actually low on memory and actively do paging, modified and
cached queues only contain non-temporary pages. Cached pages are considered
quasi free. They still belong to a cache, but since they are unmodified and
unmapped, they can be freed immediately. And this is what
vm_page_[try_]reserve_pages() do now when there are no more actually free
pages at hand. Essentially this means that pages storing cached file data,
unless mmap()ped, no longer are considered used and don't contribute to page
pressure. Paging will not happen as long there are enough free + cached pages
available.
* Reimplemented the page daemon. It no longer scans all pages, but instead works
the page queues. As long as the free pages situation is harmless, it only
iterates through the active queue and deactivates pages that have not been
used recently. When paging occurs it additionally scans the inactive queue and
frees pages that have not been used recently.
* Changed the page reservation/allocation interface:
vm_page_[try_]reserve_pages(), vm_page_unreserve_pages(), and
vm_page_allocate_page() now take a vm_page_reservation structure pointer.
The reservation functions initialize the structure -- currently consisting
only of a count member for the number of still reserved pages.
vm_page_allocate_page() decrements the count and vm_page_unreserve_pages()
unreserves the remaining pages (if any). Advantages are that reservation/
unreservation mismatches cannot occur anymore, that vm_page_allocate_page()
can verify that the caller has indeed a reserved page left, and that there's
no unnecessary pressure on the free page pool anymore. The only disadvantage
is that the vm_page_reservation object needs to be passed around a bit.
* Reworked the page reservation implementation:
- Got rid of sSystemReservedPages and sPageDeficit. Instead
sUnreservedFreePages now actually contains the number of free pages that
have not yet been reserved (it cannot become negative anymore) and the new
sUnsatisfiedPageReservations contains the number of pages that are still
needed for reservation.
- Threads waiting for reservations do now add themselves to a waiter queue,
which is ordered by descending priority (VM priority and thread priority).
High priority waiters are served first when pages become available.
Fixes#5328.
* cache_prefetch_vnode(): Would reserve one less page than allocated later, if
the size wasn't page aligned.
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general "flags" parameter. It encodes the target state of the page -- so
that the page isn't unnecessarily put in the wrong page queue first -- a
flag whether the page should be cleared, and one to indicate whether the
page should be marked busy.
* Added page state PAGE_STATE_CACHED. Not used yet.
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flag. The obvious advantage is that one can still see what state a page is in
and even move it between states while being marked busy.
* Removed the vm_page::is_dummy flag. Instead we mark marker pages busy, which
in all cases has the same effect. Introduced a vm_page_is_dummy() that can
still check whether a given page is a dummy page.
* vm_page_unreserve_pages(): Before adding to the system reserve make sure
sUnreservedFreePages is non-negative. Otherwise we'd make nonexisting pages
available for allocation. steal_pages() still has the same problem and it
can't be solved that easily.
* map_page(): No longer changes the page state/mark the page unbusy. That's the
caller's responsibility.
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argument. They replace the previous special-purpose allocation functions
(malloc_nogrow(), vip_io_request_malloc()).
* Moved the I/O VIP heap to heap.cpp accordingly.
* Added quite a bit of passing around of allocation flags in the VM,
particularly in the VM*AddressSpace classes.
* Fixed IOBuffer::GetNextVirtualVec(): It was ignoring the VIP flag and always
allocated on the normal heap.
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memory and page reservation functions have a new "priority" parameter that
indicates how deep the function may tap into that reserve. The currently
existing priority levels are "user", "system", and "VIP". The idea is that
user programs should never be able to cause a state that gets the kernel into
trouble due to heavy battling for memory. The "VIP" level (not really used
yet) is intended for allocations that are required to free memory eventually
(in the page writer). More levels are thinkable in the future, like "user real
time" or "user system server".
* Added "priority" parameters to several VMCache methods.
* Replaced the map_backing_store() "unmapAddressRange" parameter by a "flags"
parameter.
* Added area creation flag CREATE_AREA_PRIORITY_VIP and slab allocator flag
CACHE_PRIORITY_VIP indicating the importance of the request.
* Changed most code to pass the right priorities/flags.
These changes already significantly improve the behavior in low memory
situations. I've tested a bit with 64 MB (virtual) RAM and, while not
particularly fast and responsive, the system remains at least usable under high
memory pressure.
As a side effect the slab allocator can now be used as general memory allocator.
Not done by default yet, though.
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* Added support to do larger raw allocations (up to one large chunk (128 pages))
in the slab areas. For an even larger allocation an area is created (haven't
seen that happen yet, though).
* Added kernel tracing (SLAB_MEMORY_MANAGER_TRACING).
* _FreeArea(): Copy and paste bug: The meta chunks of the to be freed area
would be added to the free lists instead of being removed from them. This
would corrupt the lists and also lead to all kinds of misuse of meta chunks.
object caches:
* Implemented CACHE_ALIGN_ON_SIZE. It is no longer set for all small object
caches, but the block allocator sets it on all power of two size caches.
* object_cache_reserve_internal(): Detect recursion and don't wait in such a
case. The function could deadlock itself, since
HashedObjectCache::CreateSlab() does allocate memory, thus potentially
reentering.
* object_cache_low_memory():
- I missed some returns when reworking that one in r35254, so the function
might stop early and also leave the cache in maintenance mode, which would
cause it to be ignored by object cache resizer and low memory handler from
that point on.
- Since ReturnSlab() potentially unlocks, the conditions weren't quite correct
and too many slabs could be freed.
- Simplified things a bit.
* object_cache_alloc(): Since object_cache_reserve_internal() does potentially
unlock the cache, the situation might have changed and their might not be an
empty slab available, but a partial one. The function would crash.
* Renamed the object cache tracing variable to SLAB_OBJECT_CACHE_TRACING.
* Renamed debugger command "cache_info" to "slab_cache" to avoid confusion with
the VMCache commands.
* ObjectCache::usage was not maintained anymore since I introduced the
MemoryManager. object_cache_get_usage() would thus always return 0 and the
block cache would not be considered cached memory. This was only of
informational relevance, though.
slab allocator misc.:
* Disable the object depots of block allocator caches for object sizes > 2 KB.
Allocations of those sizes aren't so common that the object depots yield any
benefit.
* The slab allocator is now fully self-sufficient. It allocates its bootstrap
memory from the MemoryManager, and the hash tables for HashedObjectCaches use
the block allocator instead of the heap, now.
* Added option to use the slab allocator for malloc() and friends
(USE_SLAB_ALLOCATOR_FOR_MALLOC). Currently disabled. Works in principle and
has virtually no lock contention. Handling for low memory situations is yet
missing, though.
* Improved the output of some debugger commands.
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* Implemented a more elaborated raw memory allocation backend (MemoryManager).
We allocate 8 MB areas whose pages we allocate and map when needed. An area is
divided into equally-sized chunks which form the basic units of allocation. We
have areas with three possible chunk sizes (small, medium, large), which is
basically what the ObjectCache implementations were using anyway.
* Added "uint32 flags" parameter to several of the slab allocator's object
cache and object depot functions. E.g. object_depot_store() potentially wants
to allocate memory for a magazine. But also in pure freeing functions it
might eventually become useful to have those flags, since they could end up
deleting an area, which might not be allowable in all situations. We should
introduce specific flags to indicate that.
* Reworked the block allocator. Since the MemoryManager allocates block-aligned
areas, maintains a hash table for lookup, and maps chunks to object caches,
we can quickly find out which object cache a to be freed allocation belongs
to and thus don't need the boundary tags anymore.
* Reworked the slab boot strap process. We allocate from the initial area only
when really necessary, i.e. when the object cache for the respective
allocation size has not been created yet. A single page is thus sufficient.
other:
* vm_allocate_early(): Added boolean "blockAlign" parameter. If true, the
semantics is the same as for B_ANY_KERNEL_BLOCK_ADDRESS.
* Use an object cache for page mappings. This significantly reduces the
contention on the heap bin locks.
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VMCacheRef object which points to the cache. This allows to optimize
VMCache::MoveAllPages(), since it no longer needs to iterate over all pages
to adjust their cache pointer. It can simple swap the cache refs of the two
caches instead.
Reduces the total -j8 Haiku image build time only marginally. The kernel time
drops almost 10%, though.
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* Added "bool consumerLocked" parameter to VMCache::Unlock() and
ReleaseRefAndUnlock(). Since Unlock() may cause the cache to be merged with
a consumer cache, the flag is needed to prevent a deadlock in case the
caller still holds a lock to the consumer. Hasn't been a problem yet, since
that situation never occurred.
* VMCacheChainLocker: Reversed unlocking order to bottom-up. The other
direction could cause a deadlock in case caches would be merged, since the
locking order would be reversed. The way VMCacheChainLocker was used this
didn't happen, though.
* fault_get_page(): While copying a page from a lower cache to the top cache,
we do now unlock all caches but the top one, so we don't unnecessarily
kill concurrency.
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* Reorganized the code for [un]mapping pages:
- Added new VMTranslationMap::Unmap{Area,Page[s]}() which essentially do what
vm_unmap_page[s]() did before, just in the architecture specific code, which
allows for specific optimizations. UnmapArea() is for the special case that
the complete area is unmapped. Particularly in case the address space is
deleted, some work can be saved. Several TODOs could be slain.
- Since they are only used within vm.cpp vm_map_page() and vm_unmap_page[s]()
are now static and have lost their prefix (and the "preserveModified"
parameter).
* Added VMTranslationMap::Protect{Page,Area}(). They are just inline wrappers
for Protect().
* X86VMTranslationMap::Protect(): Make sure not to accidentally clear the
accessed/dirty flags.
* X86VMTranslationMap::Unmap()/Protect(): Make page table skipping actually
work. It was only skipping to the next page.
* Adjusted the PPC code to at least compile.
No measurable effect for the -j8 Haiku image build time, though the kernel time
drops minimally.
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* Pulled the physical page mapping functions out of vm_translation_map into
a new interface VMPhysicalPageMapper.
* Renamed vm_translation_map to VMTranslationMap and made it a proper C++
class. The functions in the operations vector have become methods.
* Added class GenericVMPhysicalPageMapper implementing VMPhysicalPageMapper
as far as possible (without actually writing new code).
* Adjusted the x86 and the PPC specifics accordingly (untested for the
latter). For the other architectures the build is, I'm afraid, seriously
broken.
The next steps will modify and extend the VMTranslationMap interface, so that
it will be possible to fix the bugs in vm_unmap_page[s]() and employ
architecture specific optimizations.
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* ioapic_init(): map_physical_memory() was called for already mapped
addresses. This worked fine, but only because the x86 page mapping code
didn't mind.
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