606 lines
18 KiB
Groff
606 lines
18 KiB
Groff
.\" $NetBSD: scsipi.9,v 1.18 2005/12/26 19:48:13 perry Exp $
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.\"
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 2001 Manuel Bouyer.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by Manuel Bouyer.
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.\" 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
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.\" derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
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.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
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.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
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.\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
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.\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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.\" DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
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.\" THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
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.\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\"
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.Dd December 20, 2005
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.Dt SCSIPI 9
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm scsipi
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.Nd SCSI/ATAPI middle-layer interface
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.In dev/scsipi/atapiconf.h
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.In dev/scsipi/scsiconf.h
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.Ft void
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.Fn scsipi_async_event "struct scsipi_channel *chan" "scsipi_async_event_t event" "void *arg"
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.Ft void
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.Fn scsipi_channel_freeze "struct scsipi_channel *chan" "int count"
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.Ft void
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.Fn scsipi_channel_thaw "struct scsipi_channel *chan" "int count"
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.Ft void
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.Fn scsipi_channel_timed_thaw "void *arg"
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.Ft void
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.Fn scsipi_periph_freeze "struct scsipi_periph *periph" "int count"
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.Ft void
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.Fn scsipi_periph_thaw "struct scsipi_periph *periph" "int count"
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.Ft void
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.Fn scsipi_periph_timed_thaw "void *arg"
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.Ft void
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.Fn scsipi_done "struct scsipi_xfer *xs"
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.Ft void
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.Fn scsipi_printaddr "struct scsipi_periph *periph"
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.Ft int
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.Fn scsipi_target_detach "struct scsipi_channel *chan" "int target" "int lun" "int flags"
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.Ft int
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.Fn scsipi_thread_call_callback "struct scsipi_channel *chan" "void (*callback)(struct scsipi_channel *, void *)" "void *arg"
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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system is the middle layer interface between SCSI/ATAPI host bus
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adapters (HBA) and high-level SCSI/ATAPI drivers.
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This document describes the interfaces provided by the
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.Nm
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layer towards the HBA layer.
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An HBA has to provide a pointer to a
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.Va struct scsipi_adapter
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and one pointer per channel to a
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.Va struct scsipi_channel .
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Once the SCSI or ATAPI bus is attached, the
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.Nm
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system will scan the bus and allocate a
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.Va struct scsipi_periph
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for each device found on the bus.
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A high-level command (command sent from the high-level SCSI/ATAPI
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layer to the low-level HBA layer) is described by a
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.Va struct scsipi_xfer .
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.Pp
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A request is sent to the HBA driver though the
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.Fn adapt_request
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callback.
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The HBA driver signals completion (with or without errors) of the
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request though
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.Fn scsipi_done .
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.Nm
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knows the resources limits of the HBA (max number of concurrent requests per
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adapter of channel, and per periph), and will make sure the HBA won't receive
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more requests than it can handle.
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.Pp
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The mid-layer can also handle
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.Dv QUEUE FULL
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and
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.Dv CHECK CONDITION
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events.
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.Ss INITIALISATION
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An HBA driver has to allocate and initialize to 0 a
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.Va struct scsipi_adapter
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and fill in the following members:
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.Bl -tag -width "struct_device *adapt_dev" -compact -offset indent
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.It Va struct device *adapt_dev
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pointer to the HBA's
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.Va struct device
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.It Va int adapt_nchannels
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number of channels (or busses) of the adapter
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.It Va int adapt_openings
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total number of commands the adapter can handle (may be replaced by
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.Va chan_openings ,
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see below)
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.It Va int adapt_max_periph
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number of commands the adapter can handle per device
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.El
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.Pp
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The following callbacks should be provided through the
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.Va struct scsipi_adapter :
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.Bl -tag -width someverylongword -compact -offset indent
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.It void Fn (*adapt_request) "struct scsipi_channel *" "scsipi_adapter_req_t" "void *"
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mandatory
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.It void Fn (*adapt_minphys) "struct buf *"
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mandatory
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.It int Fn (*adapt_ioctl) "struct scsipi_channel *" "u_long" "caddr_t" "int" "struct lwp *"
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optional
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.It int Fn (*adapt_enable) "struct device *" "int"
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optional, set to
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.Dv NULL
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if not used
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.It int Fn (*adapt_getgeom) "struct scsipi_periph *" "struct disk_parms *" "u_long"
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optional, set to
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.Dv NULL
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if not used
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.It int Fn (*adapt_accesschk) "struct scsipi_periph *" "struct scsipi_inquiry_pattern *"
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optional, set to
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.Dv NULL
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if not used
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.El
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.Pp
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The HBA driver has to allocate and initialize to 0 one
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.Va struct scsipi_channel
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per channel and fill in the following members:
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.Bl -tag -width struct_scsipi_adapter -compact -offset indent
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.It Va struct scsipi_adapter *chan_adapter
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Pointer to the HBA's
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.Fa struct scsipi_adapter
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.It Va struct scsipi_bustype *chan_bustype
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should be initialized to either
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.Va bus_atapi
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or
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.Va bus_scsi ,
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both defined in the
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.Nm
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code.
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.It Va int chan_channel
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channel number (starting at 0)
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.It Va int chan_flags
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channel flags:
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.Bl -tag -width SCSIPI_CHAN_OPENINGS -compact
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.It Dv SCSIPI_CHAN_OPENINGS
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Use per-channel max number of commands
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.Va chan_openings
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instead of per-adapter
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.Va adapt_openings
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.It Dv SCSIPI_CHAN_CANGROW
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This channel can grow its
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.Va chan_openings
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or
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.Va adapt_openings
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on request (via the
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.Fn adapt_request
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callback)
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.It Dv SCSIPI_CHAN_NOSETTLE
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Do not wait SCSI_DELAY seconds for devices to settle before probing (usually
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used by adapters that provide an \*qabstracted\*q view of the bus).
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.El
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.It Va int chan_openings
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total number of commands the adapter can handle for this channel (used only
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if the
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.Dv SCSIPI_CHAN_OPENINGS
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flag is set)
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.It Va chan_max_periph
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number of commands per device the adapter can handle on this
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channel (used only if the
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.Va SCSIPI_CHAN_OPENINGS
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flag is set)
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.It Va int chan_ntargets
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number of targets
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.It Va int chan_nluns
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number of LUNs per target
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.It Va int chan_id
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adapter's ID on this channel
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.It Va int chan_defquirks
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default device quirks.
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Quirks are defined in
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.Pa \*[Lt]dev/scsipi/scsipiconf.h\*[Gt]
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and are usually set in the middle layer based on the device's inquiry
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data.
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For some kinds of adapters it may be convenient to have a set of
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quirks applied to all devices, regardless of the inquiry data.
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.El
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.Pp
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The HBA driver attaches the SCSI or ATAPI bus (depending on the setting of
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.Va chan_bustype )
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by passing a pointer to the
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.Va struct scsipi_channel
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to the
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.Xr autoconf 4
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machinery.
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The print function shall be either
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.Fn scsiprint
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or
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.Fn atapiprint .
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.Ss OTHER DATA STRUCTURES
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When scanning the bus, the
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.Nm
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system allocates a
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.Va struct scsipi_periph
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for each device probed.
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The interesting fields are:
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.Bl -tag -width int_periph_openings -compact -offset indent
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.It Va struct device *periph_dev
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pointer to the device's
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.Va struct device
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.It Va struct scsipi_channel *periph_channel
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pointer to the channel the device is connected to
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.It Va int periph_quirks
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device quirks, defined in
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.Aq Pa dev/scsipi/scsipiconf.h
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.It Va int periph_target
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target ID, or drive number on ATAPI
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.It Va int periph_lun
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LUN (currently not used on ATAPI)
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.El
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.Pp
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A SCSI or ATAPI request is passed to the HBA through a
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.Va struct scsipi_xfer .
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The HBA driver has access to the following data:
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.Bl -tag -width "int xs_callout" -compact -offset indent
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.It Va struct callout xs_callout
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callout for adapter use, usually for command timeout
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.It Va int xs_control
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control flags (only flags of interest for HBA drivers are described):
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.Bl -tag -width XS_CTL_DISCOVERY -compact
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.It Dv XS_CTL_POLL
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poll in the HBA driver for request completion (most likely because interrupts
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are disabled)
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.It Dv XS_CTL_RESET
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reset the device
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.It Dv XS_CTL_DATA_UIO
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xs_data points to a
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.Fa struct uio
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buffer
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.It Dv XS_CTL_DATA_IN
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data is transferred from HBA to memory
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.It Dv XS_CTL_DATA_OUT
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data is transferred from memory to HBA
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.It Dv XS_CTL_DISCOVERY
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this xfer is part of a device discovery done by the middle layer
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.It Dv XS_CTL_REQSENSE
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xfer is a request sense
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.El
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.Pp
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.It Va int xs_status
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status flags:
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.Bl -tag -width XS_STS_PRIVATE -compact
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.It Va XS_STS_DONE
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xfer is done (set by
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.Fn scsipi_done )
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.It Va XS_STS_PRIVATE
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mask of flags reserved for HBA's use (0xf0000000)
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.El
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.Pp
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.It Va struct scsipi_periph *xs_periph
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periph doing the xfer
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.It Va int timeout
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command timeout, in milliseconds.
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The HBA should start the timeout at the time the command is accepted
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by the device.
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If the timeout happens, the HBA shall terminate the command through
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.Fn scsipi_done
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with a XS_TIMEOUT error
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.It Va struct scsipi_generic *cmd
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scsipi command to execute
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.It Va int cmdlen
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len (in bytes) of the cmd buffer
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.It Va u_char *data
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data buffer (this is either a DMA or uio address)
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.It Va int datalen
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data length (in bytes, zero if uio)
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.It Va int resid
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difference between
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.Fa datalen
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and how much data was really transferred
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.It Va scsipi_xfer_result_t error
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error value returned by the HBA driver to mid-layer.
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See description of
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.Fn scsipi_done
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for valid values
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.It Va union {struct scsipi_sense_data scsi_sense; uint32_t atapi_sense;} sense
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where to store sense info if
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.Fa error
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is
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.Dv XS_SENSE
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or
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.Dv XS_SHORTSENSE
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.It Va uint8_t status
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SCSI status; checked by middle layer when
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.Fa error is
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.Dv XS_BUSY
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(the middle layer handles
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.Dv SCSI_CHECK
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and
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.Dv SCSI_QUEUE_FULL )
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.It Va uint8_t xs_tag_type
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SCSI tag type, set to 0 if untagged command
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.It Va uint8_t xs_tag_id
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tag ID, used for tagged commands
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.El
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.Ss FUNCTIONS AND CALLBACKS
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.Bl -tag -width xxxxxxxx -compact
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.It Fn (*adapt_request) "struct scsipi_channel *chan" "scsipi_adapter_req_t req" "void *arg"
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Used by the mid-layer to transmit a request to the adapter.
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.Va req
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can be one of:
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.Bl -tag -width xxxxxxxx -compact
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.It Dv ADAPTER_REQ_RUN_XFER
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request the adapter to send a command to the device.
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.Fa arg
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is a pointer to the
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.Va struct scsipi_xfer .
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Once the xfer is complete the HBA driver shall call
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.Fn scsipi_done
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with updated status and error information.
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.It Dv ADAPTER_REQ_GROW_RESOURCES
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ask the adapter to increase resources of the channel (grow
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.Va adapt_openings
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or
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.Va chan_openings )
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if possible.
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Support of this feature is optional.
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This request is called from the kernel completion thread.
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.Fa arg
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must be ignored.
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.It Dv ADAPTER_REQ_SET_XFER_MODE
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set the xfer mode for a for I_T Nexus.
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This will be called once all LUNs of a target have been probed.
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.Fa arg
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points to a
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.Va struct scsipi_xfer_mode
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defined as follows:
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.Bl -tag -width int_xm_target -compact
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.It Va int xm_target
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target for I_T Nexus
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.It Va int xm_mode
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bitmask of device capabilities
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.It Va int xm_period
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sync period
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.It Va int xm_offset
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sync offset
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.El
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.Pp
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.Va xm_period
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and
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.Va xm_offset
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shall be ignored for
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.Dv ADAPTER_REQ_SET_XFER_MODE .
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.Va xm_mode
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holds the following bits:
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.Bl -tag -width xxxxxxxx -compact
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.It Dv PERIPH_CAP_SYNC
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ST synchronous transfers
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.It Dv PERIPH_CAP_WIDE16
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ST 16 bit wide transfers
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.It Dv PERIPH_CAP_WIDE32
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ST 32 bit wide transfers
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.It Dv PERIPH_CAP_DT
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DT transfers
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.It Dv PERIPH_CAP_TQING
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tagged queueing
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.El
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Whenever the xfer mode changes, the driver should call
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.Fn scsipi_async_event
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to notify the mid-layer.
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.El
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.Pp
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.Fn adapt_request
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may be called from interrupt context.
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.It Fn adapt_minphys
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pointer to the driver's minphys function.
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If the driver can handle transfers of size
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.Dv MAXPHYS ,
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this can point to
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.Fn minphys .
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.It Fn adapt_ioctl
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ioctl function for the channel.
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The only ioctl supported at this level is
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.Dv SCBUSIORESET
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for which the HBA driver shall issue a SCSI reset on the channel.
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.It int Fn adapt_enable "struct device *dev" "int enable"
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Disable the adapter if
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.Va enable
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is zero, or enable it if non-zero.
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Returns 0 if operation is successful, or error from
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.Pa \*[Lt]sys/errno.h\*[Gt] .
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This callback is optional, and is useful mostly for hot-plug devices.
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For example, this callback would power on or off
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the relevant PCMCIA socket for a PCMCIA controller.
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.It int Fn adapt_getgeom "struct scsipi_periph *periph" "struct disk_parms *params" "u_long sectors"
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Optional callback, used by high-level drivers to get the fictitious geometry
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used by the controller's firmware for the specified periph.
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Returns 0 if successful.
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See Adaptec drivers for details.
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.It int Fn adapt_accesschk "struct scsipi_periph *periph" "struct scsipi_inquiry_pattern *inqbuf"
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Optional callback; if present the mid-layer uses it to check if it can
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attach a driver to the specified periph.
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If the callback returns a non-zero value, the periph is ignored by the
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.Nm
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code.
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This callback is used by adapters which want to drive some devices
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themselves, for example hardware RAID controllers.
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.It Fn scsipi_async_event "struct scsipi_channel *chan" "scsipi_async_event_t event" "void *arg"
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Asynchronous event notification for the mid-layer.
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.Fa event
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can be one of:
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.Bl -tag -width xxxxxxxx -compact
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.It Dv ASYNC_EVENT_MAX_OPENINGS
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set max openings for a periph.
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Argument is a
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.Va struct scsipi_max_openings
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with at least the following members:
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.Bl -tag -width xxxxxxxx -compact
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.It Va int mo_target
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.It Va int mo_lun
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.It Va int mo_openings
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.El
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.Pp
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Not all periphs may allow openings to increase; if not allowed the request is
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silently ignored.
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.It Dv ASYNC_EVENT_XFER_MODE
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update the xfer mode for an I_T nexus.
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Argument is a
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.Va struct scsipi_xfer_mode
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properly filled in.
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An
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.Fa Dv ASYNC_EVENT_XFER_MODE
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call with
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.Fa Dv PERIPH_CAP_TQING
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set in
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.Va xm_mode
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is mandatory to activate tagged queuing.
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.It Dv ASYNC_EVENT_RESET
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channel has been reset.
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No argument.
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HBA drivers have to issue
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.Dv ASYNC_EVENT_RESET events if they rely on the
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mid-layer for SCSI CHECK CONDITION handling.
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.El
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.Pp
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.It Fn scsipi_done "struct scsipi_xfer *xs"
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shall be called by the HBA when the xfer is complete, or when it needs to
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be requeued by the mid-layer.
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.Va error
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in the scsipi_xfer shall be set to one of the following:
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.Bl -tag -width xxxxxxxx -compact
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.It Dv XS_NOERROR
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xfer completed without error.
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.It Dv XS_SENSE
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Check the returned SCSI sense for the error.
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.It Dv XS_SHORTSENSE
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Check the ATAPI sense for the error.
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.It Dv XS_DRIVER_STUFFUP
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Driver failed to perform operation.
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.It Dv XS_RESOURCE_SHORTAGE
|
|
Adapter resource shortage.
|
|
The mid-layer will retry the command after some delay.
|
|
.It Dv XS_SELTIMEOUT
|
|
The device timed out while trying to send the command
|
|
.It Dv XS_TIMEOUT
|
|
The command was accepted by the device, but it didn't complete in allowed time.
|
|
.It Dv XS_BUSY
|
|
The mid-layer will check
|
|
.Va status
|
|
for additional details:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width SCSI_QUEUE_FULL -compact
|
|
.It Dv SCSI_CHECK
|
|
SCSI check condition.
|
|
The mid-layer will freeze the periph queue and issue a REQUEST SENSE command.
|
|
If the HBA supports tagged queuing, it shall remove and requeue any command
|
|
not yet accepted by the HBA (or at last make sure no more commands will
|
|
be sent to the device before the REQUEST SENSE is complete).
|
|
.It Dv SCSI_QUEUE_FULL
|
|
The mid layer will adjust the periph's openings and requeue the command.
|
|
.It Dv SCSI_BUSY
|
|
The mid-layer will requeue the xfer after delay.
|
|
.El
|
|
.It Dv XS_RESET
|
|
xfer destroyed by a reset; the mid-layer will requeue it.
|
|
.It Dv XS_REQUEUE
|
|
Ask the mid-layer to requeue this command immediately.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The adapter should not reference an
|
|
.Fa xfer
|
|
once
|
|
.Fn scsipi_done "xfer"
|
|
has been called, unless the
|
|
.Fa xfer
|
|
had
|
|
.Dv XS_CTL_POLL
|
|
set.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Fn scsipi_done
|
|
will call the
|
|
.Fn adapt_request
|
|
callback again only if called with
|
|
.Fa xs-\*[Gt]error
|
|
set to
|
|
.Dv XS_NOERROR ,
|
|
and
|
|
.Fa xfer
|
|
doesn't have
|
|
.Dv XS_CTL_POLL
|
|
set.
|
|
All other error conditions are handled by a kernel thread
|
|
(once the HBA's interrupt handler has returned).
|
|
.It Fn scsipi_printaddr "struct scsipi_periph *periph"
|
|
print a kernel message with the periph's name, in the form
|
|
device(controller:channel:target:lun).
|
|
.It Fn scsipi_channel_freeze "struct scsipi_channel *chan" "int count"
|
|
Freeze the specified channel (requests are queued but not sent to HBA).
|
|
The channel's freeze counter is increased by
|
|
.Fa count .
|
|
.It Fn scsipi_channel_thaw "struct scsipi_channel *chan" "int count"
|
|
Decrement the channel's freeze counter by
|
|
.Fa count
|
|
and process the queue if the counter goes to 0.
|
|
In order to preserve command ordering, HBA drivers should not call
|
|
.Fn scsipi_channel_thaw
|
|
before calling
|
|
.Fn scsipi_done
|
|
for all commands in the HBA's queue which need to be requeued.
|
|
.It Fn scsipi_periph_timed_thaw "void *arg"
|
|
Call
|
|
.Fn scsipi_channel_thaw "arg" "1" .
|
|
Intended to be used as
|
|
.Xr callout 9
|
|
callback.
|
|
.It Fn scsipi_periph_freeze "struct scsipi_periph *periph" "int count"
|
|
.It Fn scsipi_periph_thaw "struct scsipi_periph *periph"
|
|
.It Fn scsipi_periph_timed_thaw "void *arg"
|
|
Same as the channel counterparts, but only for one specific peripheral.
|
|
.It Fn scsipi_target_detach "struct scsipi_channel *chan" "int target" "int lun" "int flags"
|
|
detach the periph associated with this I_T_L nexus.
|
|
Both
|
|
.Fa target
|
|
and
|
|
.Fa lun
|
|
may be wildcarded using the magic value -1.
|
|
.Fa flags
|
|
is passed to
|
|
.Fn config_detach ""
|
|
\&.
|
|
Returns 0 if successful, or error code if a device couldn't be removed.
|
|
.It Fn scsipi_thread_call_callback "struct scsipi_channel *chan" "void (*callback)(struct scsipi_channel *, void *)" "void *arg"
|
|
.Fn callback
|
|
will be called with
|
|
.Fa chan
|
|
and
|
|
.Fa arg
|
|
as arguments, from the channel completion thread.
|
|
The callback is run at splbio.
|
|
.Fn scsipi_thread_call_callback
|
|
will freeze the channel by one, it's up to the caller to thaw it when
|
|
appropriate.
|
|
Returns 0 if the callback was properly recorded, or EBUSY if the
|
|
channel has already a callback pending.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh FILES
|
|
.Bl -tag -width sys/dev/atapiconf.h
|
|
.It Pa sys/dev/scsiconf.h
|
|
header file for use by SCSI HBA drivers
|
|
.It Pa sys/dev/atapiconf.h
|
|
header file for use by ATAPI HBA drivers
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Both header files include
|
|
.Pa sys/dev/scsipiconf.h
|
|
which contains most structure definitions, function prototypes and macros.
|
|
.Sh EXAMPLES
|
|
The best examples are existing HBA drivers.
|
|
Most of them sit in the
|
|
.Pa sys/dev/ic
|
|
directory.
|
|
.Sh HISTORY
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
interface appeared in
|
|
.Nx 1.6 .
|
|
.Sh AUTHORS
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
interface was designed and implemented by Jason R. Thorpe.
|
|
Manuel Bouyer converted most drivers to the new interface.
|