425 lines
11 KiB
Plaintext
425 lines
11 KiB
Plaintext
.\" $NetBSD: install,v 1.17 2002/06/30 12:15:13 lukem Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1999-2002 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the NetBSD
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.\" Foundation, Inc. and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its
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.\" contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
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.\" from this software without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
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.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
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.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
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.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
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.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
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.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
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.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
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.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
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.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
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.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
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.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.
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(If you already have
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.Nx*M
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installed and you only want to update
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your system, see the next section.)
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.Pp
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To install
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.Nx*M ,
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there are several things you need to know.
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First,
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.Nx
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.Dq autoconfig 's
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the SCSI devices.
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.Pa floppy-144.fs
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has only
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support for disks configured into the kernel.
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Starting the search at SCSI address 0, lun 0 and increasing,
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the first disk found will be
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.Li sd0
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regardless of the address, the second will be sd1.
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.Tn KLONDIKE
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for example has the following devices installed:
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.Pp
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.(tag "sd0xx" -offset indent -compact
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.It Li sd0
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ID 0 LUN 0: Quantum LP52S hard disk drive
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.It Li sd1
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ID 1 LUN 0: Micropolis 4110 hard disk drive
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.It Li sd2
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ID 2 LUN 0: Teac FC-1, 3.5" floppy disk drive
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.It Li sd3
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ID 2 LUN 1: Teac FC-1, 5.25" floppy disk drive
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.It Li cd0
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ID 3 LUN 0: Toshiba XM-4101TA CD-ROM drive
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.It Li st0
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ID 4 LUN 0: Tandberg TDC3600 QIC tape drive
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.tag)
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.Pp
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Only
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.Li sd0
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-
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.Li sd3
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are supported by the
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.Pa floppy-144.fs
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kernel.
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.Pp
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Next you need to know what the install script wants to do.
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This install is script on the ram disk root that can do most of
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the work of configuring your disk.
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.(enum
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The script assumes your are using the first n sectors of your
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disk, where you can specify n.
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It will allow you to create up to 5 file system partitions,
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one swap partition and one boot partition.
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.It
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You should know how many total sectors are on your disk.
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The configure will report a head, track, and cylinder count, but
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we have found that on some of our disks, it reports something that
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makes a smaller disk than we really had.
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.It
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It is possible to have the install script make a partition
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over your save area AND not make a new file system, thus
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preserving what is there.
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Then, later you can make a new file system after you no longer need
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the stuff there.
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You will need to do only one boot to get things working from the disk.
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.enum)
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.
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.Ss2 The install procedure
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.(enum
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Adjust your console device settings.
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The floppy-144.fs kernel will come up with 9600 baud, 7 bits,
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even parity and one stop bit.
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Adjust your terminal to match these settings.
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The monitor's baud rate can be changed with
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.Ic "baud d'9600" .
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.
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.It
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Get floppy-144.fs and boot the kernel from...
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.
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.(tag Serial\ line
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.It Em Floppy
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From Floppy: (and using the autoboot monitor)
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If you have a 1.44 meg SCSI floppy drive, you can put floppy-144.fs
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onto a 3.5" floppy disk.
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Insert the disk into your floppy drive and use the monitor's boot
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command to boot the default image from the floppy.
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The image booted will ask you for a kernel to load.
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Answer
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.Pp
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.Dl Ic "sd" Ns Ar X Ns Ic "a:/netbsd"
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.Pp
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Replace
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.Ar X
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with your drive number.
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For KLONDIKE,
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.Ar X
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would be
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.Ic 2 .
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.
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.It Em Tape
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You will need to load a copy of
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.Pa floppy-144.fs
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into RAM.
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.Pp
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.(enum -offset indent -compact
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load the
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.Pa floppy-144.fs
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at
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.Li 0x260000
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.It
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run at
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.Li 0x3BE020
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.enum)
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.Pp
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The boot program will ask you now for a kernel to load.
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Answer
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.Li md0a:/netbsd.gz
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.
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.It Em Serial Line
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Provided with the distribution is source for program called
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download
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.Pq Pa download.c .
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This program when used as
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.Dq "download file"
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will read the contents of the file and
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output to standard output a byte sequence used by the \*M
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ROM monitor to download a binary file into RAM.
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Using this program on a computer connected to the \*M, one can
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load a copy of
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.Pa floppy-144.fs
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into RAM at
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.Li 0x260000 .
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The boot sequence is now the same as with tape.
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.tag)
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.It
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The
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.Pa floppy-144.fs
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will run the new
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.Ic sysinst
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utility as the standard setup.
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It assumes a VT100 compatible terminal.
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If you don't want to try using
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.Ic sysinst
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or you don't have a VT100, type f followed by
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the return.
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Then following these instructions for installation.
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If you want to use
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.Ic sysinst ,
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read the i386 INSTALL instructions to learn about
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.Ic sysinst .
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.(Note
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.Ic sysinst
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does not support SLIP or PPP connections.
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.Note)
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.It
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Choose a disk geometry.
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For me, the reported geometry left some sectors
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.Sq "unallocated" .
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That is, the autoconfig message
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said the disk had 2428 cylinders, 9 heads, and 93 sectors/track.
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This gives a total of 2032236 sectors, but we knew that we had
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2053880 sectors.
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.Pp
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To help in this process, there is a program
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.Ic factor
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that is on the
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.Pa floppy-144.fs .
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The usage is
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.Ic "factor number"
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and it lists the prime factors of number.
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For example, with the 2053880 sector disk we got:
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.Pp
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.Dl $ Ic "factor 2053880"
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.Dl 2053880: 2 2 2 5 51347
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.Pp
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Not many to choose from, so we tried ...
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.Pp
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.Dl $ Ic "factor 2053820"
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.Dl 2053820: 2 2 5 103 997
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.Pp
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Now we'd like to get about a megabyte per track:
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.Pp
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.Dl $ Ic "echo \&"2 * 997\&"|bc"
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.Dl 1994
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.Pp
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Now we need the number of tracks (or cylinders):
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.Pp
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.Dl $ Ic "echo \&"2 * 5 * 103\&"|bc"
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.Dl 1030
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.Pp
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So we ended up choosing 1030 cylinders, 1 head, 1994 sectors/track.
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We
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.Dq lost
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only 60 sectors, but got a
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.Dq reasonable
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geometry.
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.It
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Run
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.Ic install ;
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it will ask you for the disk geometry and other questions.
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It will ask you for the geometry and then ask you
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how many of those sectors you want to use for
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.Nx .
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It also
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wants to know the size of your boot partition (to be used with
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the auto-boot monitor), your root partition
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.Pq Pa / ,
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your swap partition,
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and then any other partitions you may want.
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For the
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.Sq other
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partitions, it will ask for a mount point.
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The mount point will be
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.Dq "relative to /"
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and should not include the leading
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.Sq / .
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Also, if you do not want the partition to have newfs run on it (that is
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it might be the last one and have a copy of
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.Pa floppy-144.fs )
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enter
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.Sq Ic NO
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to the mount point and it will not run
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.Ic newfs
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on the partition.
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It will enter the partition into the disklabel.
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.It
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look around, if you want ... and then halt
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.Nx .
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.It
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reboot the machine.
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Using the autoboot monitor, all you should have
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to do is give the ROM monitor command
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.Ic boot .
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The secondary
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UFS boot program eventually times out and auto-loads
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.Pa /netbsd .
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You can get it to do it faster by pressing return.
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.Pp
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If you are not using the autoboot monitor, you will have to
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figure out the starting sector of the boot images partition
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and manually load the
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.Nx
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boot loader from the disk using
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the
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.Ic read
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command.
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If you would rather use the autoboot monitor
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you can get source and ROM images from the URL
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.Lk ftp://ftp.cs.wwu.edu/pub/\*M/mon.auto.tar.gz
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.It
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Now it is time to load all the other files of the distribution:
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You can do this via -
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.(bullet
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a TCP/IP link (slip, ppp or plip)
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you have ifconfig, slattach, route, netstat,
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hostname and ftp on the mini-root.
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You can even use nfs...
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Plip is only an option if you have installed a
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centronics port in your \*M.
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You do have access to vi to edit your network
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files.
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.Pq Pa /etc/resolv.conf , ...
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.It
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floppy disk
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.It
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tape
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.It
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cd-rom (If you have a CD with
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.Nx*M ,
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which most likely
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won't happen for a while after \*V release.)
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.Pp
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.Dl Ic "mount -rt cd9660 /dev/cd0a /mnt"
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.Pp
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Get the .tgz files from the cd-rom
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.It
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Use the ROM compatible
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.Ic download
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program.
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The program download is included in the initial installation and
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can be used as the receive end of the download by using it as
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.Ic "download -r file_to_write" .
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If the CRC is correct, the file is retained.
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If the CRC is not correct, the file is deleted.
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.bullet)
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.It
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Load the .tgz files.
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Choose a place to put them.
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We suggest making a directory
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.Pa /gz.files
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and put them there.
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If you are
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.Dq short on space,
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you might want to load them and extract them one
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at a time.
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A minimum installation is
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.Sy base
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and
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.Sy etc .
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It takes about 32 Megs installed + 20 Megs for the
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.Pa base.tgz .
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.It
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Extract the tar files in
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.Pa / .
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For example, if your
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.Pa *.tgz
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files were in a directory
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.Pa /gz.files ,
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to extract
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.Pa base.tgz
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you would:
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.Pp
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.Dl Ic "cd /"
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.Dl Ic "tar --unlink -zxpf /gz.files/base.tgz"
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.Pp
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Add v to the flags if you want a verbose extract.
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The
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.Ic --unlink
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is to make sure that the install versions
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of sh, init, ... are replaced by their proper versons
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in base.tgz.
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We think it is wise to include the
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.Ic --unlink
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for other things.
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.It
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Extract at least
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.Sy base ,
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.Sy etc
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and
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.Sy kern
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for a new installation.
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For
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.Dq update
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extracts, move
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.Pa /etc
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to
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.Pa /etc.old
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and then extract
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.Sy etc .
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You should extract
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.Sy etc
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for upgrades.
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For
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.Dq full
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installations, extract all files.
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.It
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Edit the information in
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.Pa /etc
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.(tag resolv.conf
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.It Pa rc.conf
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Many things can be configured here
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.It Pa hosts
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host name and address information
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.It Pa resolv.conf
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which nameserver to use
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.It Pa ttys
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make sure the console entry has the correct speed
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.It Pa gettytab
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You may find that
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.Dq ap
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instead of
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.Dq ep
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in the default entry works better for you.
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.It Pa fstab
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make sure it includes all partitions you want mounted
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.tag)
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.Pp
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Now you can adjust the kernel's default baud rate to match your
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monitor's default baud rate.
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Do the following:
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.Pp
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.Dl # Ic "gdb -w /netbsd"
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.Dl (gdb) Ic "set scndefaultrate = " Em your_baud_rate
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.Dl (gdb) Ic quit
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.Pp
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where
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.Ar your_baud_rate No is the actual value, 19200, 38400 or
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something slower than 9600.
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If you set scndefaultrate to something bogus, you'll probably
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not be able to reboot...
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So be carefull!
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.It
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Reboot the machine and it should come up in multi-user mode
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.Em if
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you got it configured correctly.
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.It
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Enjoy!
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And help fix bugs and improve
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.Nx*M !
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.enum)
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