398 lines
9.2 KiB
Groff
398 lines
9.2 KiB
Groff
.\" $NetBSD: ral.4,v 1.2 2005/07/14 12:54:23 wiz Exp $
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.\" $OpenBSD: ral.4,v 1.37 2005/07/07 15:01:11 jsg Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 2005
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.\" Damien Bergamini <damien.bergamini@free.fr>
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.\"
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.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
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.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
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.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
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.\"
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.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
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.\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
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.\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
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.\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
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.\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
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.\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
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.\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
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.\"
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.Dd February 15, 2005
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.Os
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.Dt RAL 4
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm ral
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.Nd Ralink Technology RT25x0 IEEE 802.11a/b/g wireless network driver
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Cd "ral* at cardbus?"
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.Cd "ral* at pci?"
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.Cd "ral* at uhub? port ?"
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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driver supports PCI/CardBus wireless adapters based on the Ralink RT2500
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chipset
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and USB 2.0 wireless adapters based on the Ralink RT2500USB
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chipset.
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.Pp
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The RT2500 chipset consists of two integrated chips, a RT2560 or RT2570 MAC/BBP
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and a radio transceiver (the model of which depends on the card revision).
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.Pp
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The RT2522, RT2523, RT2524, RT2525, RT2525e and RT2526 radio transceivers
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operate in the 2.4GHz band (802.11b/g) whereas the RT5222 is a dual-band radio
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transceiver that can operate in the 2.4GHz and 5.2GHz bands (802.11a).
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.Pp
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The transmit speed is user-selectable or can be adapted automatically by the
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driver depending on the received-signal strength.
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See
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.Xr rssadapt 9
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for more information.
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.Pp
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These are the modes the
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.Nm
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driver can operate in:
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.Bl -tag -width "IBSS-masterXX"
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.It BSS mode
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Also known as
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.Em infrastructure
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mode, this is used when associating with an access point, through
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which all traffic passes.
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This mode is the default.
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.It IBSS mode
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Also known as
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.Em IEEE ad-hoc
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mode or
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.Em peer-to-peer
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mode.
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This is the standardized method of operating without an access point.
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Stations associate with a service set.
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However, actual connections between stations are peer-to-peer.
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.It Host AP
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In this mode the driver acts as an access point (base station)
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for other cards.
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.It monitor mode
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In this mode the driver is able to receive packets without
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associating with an access point.
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This disables the internal receive filter and enables the card to
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capture packets from networks which it wouldn't normally have access to,
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or to scan for access points.
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.El
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.Pp
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.Nm
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supports software WEP.
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Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) is the de facto encryption standard
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for wireless networks.
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It can be typically configured in one of three modes:
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no encryption; 40-bit encryption; or 104-bit encryption.
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Unfortunately, due to serious weaknesses in WEP protocol
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it is strongly recommended that it not be used as the
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sole mechanism to secure wireless communication.
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WEP is not enabled by default.
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.Sh CONFIGURATION
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The
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.Nm
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driver can be configured with
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.Xr ifconfig 8
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using the following parameters:
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Cm bssid Ar bssid
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Set the desired BSSID.
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.It Fl bssid
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Unset the desired BSSID.
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The interface will automatically select a BSSID in this mode, which is
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the default.
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.It Cm chan Ar n
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Set the channel (radio frequency) to be used by the driver based on
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the given channel ID
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.Ar n .
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.It Fl chan
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Unset the desired channel to be used by the driver.
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The driver will automatically select a channel in this mode, which is
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the default.
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.It Cm media Ar media
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The
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.Nm
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driver supports the following
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.Ar media
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types:
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width autoselect -compact
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.It Cm autoselect
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Enable autoselection of the media type and options.
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.It Cm DS1
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Set 802.11b DS 1Mbps operation.
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.It Cm DS2
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Set 802.11b DS 2Mbps operation.
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.It Cm DS5
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Set 802.11b DS 5.5Mbps operation.
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.It Cm DS11
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Set 802.11b DS 11Mbps operation.
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.It Cm OFDM6
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Set 802.11a/g OFDM 6Mbps operation.
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.It Cm OFDM9
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Set 802.11a/g OFDM 9Mbps operation.
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.It Cm OFDM12
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Set 802.11a/g OFDM 12Mbps operation.
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.It Cm OFDM18
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Set 802.11a/g OFDM 18Mbps operation.
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.It Cm OFDM24
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Set 802.11a/g OFDM 24Mbps operation.
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.It Cm OFDM36
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Set 802.11a/g OFDM 36Mbps operation.
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.It Cm OFDM48
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Set 802.11a/g OFDM 48Mbps operation.
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.It Cm OFDM54
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Set 802.11a/g OFDM 54Mbps operation.
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.El
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.It Cm mediaopt Ar opts
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The
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.Nm
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driver supports the following media options:
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width monitor -compact
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.It Cm hostap
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Select Host AP operation.
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.It Cm ibss
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Select IBSS operation.
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.It Cm monitor
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Select monitor mode.
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.El
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.It Fl mediaopt Ar opts
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Disable the specified media options on the driver and return it to the
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default mode of operation (BSS).
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.It Cm mode Ar mode
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The
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.Nm
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driver supports the following modes:
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width 11b -compact
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.It Cm 11a
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Force 802.11a operation (RT5222 only).
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.It Cm 11b
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Force 802.11b operation.
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.It Cm 11g
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Force 802.11g operation.
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.El
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.It Cm nwid Ar id
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Set the network ID.
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The
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.Ar id
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can either be any text string up to 32 characters in length,
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or a series of hexadecimal digits up to 64 digits.
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An empty
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.Ar id
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string allows the interface to connect to any available access points.
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By default the
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.Nm
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driver uses an empty string.
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Note that network ID is synonymous with Extended Service Set ID (ESSID).
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.It Cm nwkey Ar key
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Enable WEP encryption using the specified
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.Ar key .
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The
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.Ar key
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can either be a string, a series of hexadecimal digits (preceded by
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.Sq 0x ) ,
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or a set of keys of the form
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.Dq n:k1,k2,k3,k4 ,
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where
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.Sq n
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specifies which of the keys will be used for transmitted packets,
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and the four keys,
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.Dq k1
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through
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.Dq k4 ,
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are configured as WEP keys.
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If a set of keys is specified, a comma
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.Pq Sq \&,
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within the key must be escaped with a backslash.
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Note that if multiple keys are used, their order must be the same within
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the network.
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.Nm
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is capable of using both 40-bit (5 characters or 10 hexadecimal digits)
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or 104-bit (13 characters or 26 hexadecimal digits) keys.
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.It Fl nwkey
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Disable WEP encryption.
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This is the default mode of operation.
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.El
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.Sh HARDWARE
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The following PCI adapters should work:
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.Bd -filled
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A-Link WL54H.
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Amigo AWI-926W.
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AMIT WL531P.
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AOpen AOI-831.
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ASUS WL-130g.
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ASUS WIFI-G-AAY.
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Atlantis Land A02-PCI-W54.
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Belkin F5D7000 v3.
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Canyon CN-WF511.
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CNet CWP-854.
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Compex WLP54G.
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Conceptronic C54Ri.
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Corega CG-WLPCI54GL.
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Digitus DN-7006G-RA.
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Dynalink WLG25PCI.
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E-Tech WGPI02.
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Edimax EW-7128g.
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Eminent EM3037.
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Encore ENLWI-G-RLAM.
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Eusso UGL2454-VPR.
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Fiberline WL-400P.
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Foxconn WLL-3350.
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Gigabyte GN-WPKG.
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Hawking HWP54GR.
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Hercules HWGPCI-54.
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iNexQ CR054g-009 (R03).
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JAHT WN-4054PCI.
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KCORP LifeStyle KLS-660.
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LevelOne WNC-0301 v2.
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Linksys WMP54G v4.
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Micronet SP906GK.
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Minitar MN54GPC-R.
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MSI MS-6834.
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MSI PC54G2.
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OvisLink EVO-W54PCI.
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PheeNet HWL-PCIG/RA.
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Pro-Nets PC80211G.
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Repotec RP-WP0854.
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SATech SN-54P.
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Signamax 065-1798.
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Sitecom WL-115.
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SparkLAN WL-660R.
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Surecom EP-9321-g.
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Sweex LC700030.
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TekComm NE-9321-g.
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Tonze PC-6200C.
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Unex CR054g-R02.
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Zinwell ZWX-G361.
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Zonet ZEW1600.
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.Ed
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.Pp
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The following CardBus adapters should work:
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.Bd -filled
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A-Link WL54PC.
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Alfa AWPC036.
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Amigo AWI-914W.
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AMIT WL531C.
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ASUS WL-107G.
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Atlantis Land A02-PCM-W54.
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Belkin F5D7010 v2.
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Canyon CN-WF513.
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CC\*[Am]C WL-2102.
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CNet CWC-854.
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Conceptronic C54RC.
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Corega CG-WLCB54GL.
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Digitus DN-7001G-RA.
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Dynalink WLG25CARDBUS.
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E-Tech WGPC02.
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E-Tech WGPC03.
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Edimax EW-7108PCg.
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Eminent EM3036.
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Encore ENPWI-G-RLAM.
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Eusso UGL2454-01R.
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Fiberline WL-400X.
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Gigabyte GN-WMKG.
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Hawking HWC54GR.
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Hercules HWGPCMCIA-54.
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JAHT WN-4054P(E).
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KCORP LifeStyle KLS-611.
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LevelOne WPC-0301 v2.
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Micronet SP908GK V3.
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Minitar MN54GCB-R.
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MSI CB54G2.
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MSI MS-6835.
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Pro-Nets CB80211G.
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Repotec RP-WB7108.
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SATech SN-54C.
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Sitecom WL-112.
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SparkLAN WL-611R.
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Surecom EP-9428-g.
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Sweex LC500050.
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TekComm NE-9428-g.
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Tonze PW-6200C.
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Unex MR054g-R02.
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Zinwell ZWX-G160.
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Zonet ZEW1500.
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.Ed
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.Pp
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The following Mini PCI adapters should work:
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.Bd -filled
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Amigo AWI-922W.
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Billionton MIWLGRL.
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Gigabyte GN-WIKG.
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MSI MP54G2.
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MSI MS-6833.
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Tonze PC-620C.
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Zinwell ZWX-G360.
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.Ed
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.Pp
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The following USB 2.0 adapters should work:
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.Bd -filled
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AMIT WL532U.
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ASUS WL-167g.
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Belkin F5D7050.
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Buffalo WLI-U2-KG54.
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Buffalo WLI-U2-KG54-AI.
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Buffalo WLI-U2-KG54-YB.
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CNet CWD-854.
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Compex WLU54G 2A1100.
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Conceptronic C54RU.
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D-Link DWL-G122 (b1).
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Dynalink WLG25USB.
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E-Tech WGUS02.
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Eminent 3035.
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Gigabyte GN-WBKG.
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Hercules HWGUSB2-54.
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KCORP LifeStyle KLS-685.
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Linksys WUSB54G v4.
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Linksys WUSB54GP v4.
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MSI MS-6861.
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MSI MS-6865.
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MSI MS-6869.
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SerComm UB801R.
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SparkLAN WL-685R.
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Surecom EP-9001-g.
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Tonze UW-6200C.
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Zaapa ZNWUSB-54.
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Zonet ZEW2500P.
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.Ed
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.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
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.Bl -diag
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.It "ral%d: device timeout"
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The driver will reset the hardware.
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This should not happen.
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr arp 4 ,
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.Xr cardbus 4 ,
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.Xr ifmedia 4 ,
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.Xr intro 4 ,
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.Xr netintro 4 ,
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.Xr pci 4 ,
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.Xr usb 4 ,
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.\" .Xr hostapd 8 ,
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.Xr ifconfig 8
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.Pp
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Ralink Technology:
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.Pa http://www.ralinktech.com
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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driver first appeared in
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.Ox 3.7 .
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.Sh AUTHORS
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The
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.Nm
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driver was written by
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.An Damien Bergamini Aq damien@openbsd.org .
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.Sh CAVEATS
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PCI
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.Nm
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adapters seem to strictly require a system supporting PCI 2.2 or greater and
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will likely not work in systems based on older revisions of the PCI
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specification.
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.Pp
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The USB
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.Nm ral
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driver does not support automatic adaptation of the transmit speed.
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