f4401cd869
alter des.h to be friendly with openssl/des.h (you can include both in the same file) make libkrb to depend on libdes. bump major. massage various portioin of heimdal to be friendly with openssl 0.9.7b.
285 lines
9.2 KiB
Groff
285 lines
9.2 KiB
Groff
.\" $NetBSD: openssl.cnf.5,v 1.14 2003/07/24 14:16:50 itojun Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man version 1.02
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.\" Thu Jul 24 13:07:41 2003
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.\" ======================================================================
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.\" ======================================================================
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.\"
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.IX Title "config 5"
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.TH config 5 "0.9.7b" "2000-02-04" "OpenSSL"
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.UC
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.SH "NAME"
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config \- OpenSSL \s-1CONF\s0 library configuration files
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.SH "DESCRIPTION"
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.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
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The OpenSSL \s-1CONF\s0 library can be used to read configuration files.
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It is used for the OpenSSL master configuration file \fBopenssl.cnf\fR
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and in a few other places like \fB\s-1SPKAC\s0\fR files and certificate extension
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files for the \fBx509\fR utility.
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.PP
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A configuration file is divided into a number of sections. Each section
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starts with a line \fB[ section_name ]\fR and ends when a new section is
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started or end of file is reached. A section name can consist of
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alphanumeric characters and underscores.
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.PP
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The first section of a configuration file is special and is referred
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to as the \fBdefault\fR section this is usually unnamed and is from the
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start of file until the first named section. When a name is being looked up
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it is first looked up in a named section (if any) and then the
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default section.
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.PP
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The environment is mapped onto a section called \fB\s-1ENV\s0\fR.
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.PP
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Comments can be included by preceding them with the \fB#\fR character
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.PP
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Each section in a configuration file consists of a number of name and
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value pairs of the form \fBname=value\fR
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.PP
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The \fBname\fR string can contain any alphanumeric characters as well as
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a few punctuation symbols such as \fB.\fR \fB,\fR \fB;\fR and \fB_\fR.
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.PP
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The \fBvalue\fR string consists of the string following the \fB=\fR character
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until end of line with any leading and trailing white space removed.
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.PP
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The value string undergoes variable expansion. This can be done by
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including the form \fB$var\fR or \fB${var}\fR: this will substitute the value
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of the named variable in the current section. It is also possible to
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substitute a value from another section using the syntax \fB$section::name\fR
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or \fB${section::name}\fR. By using the form \fB$ENV::name\fR environment
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variables can be substituted. It is also possible to assign values to
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environment variables by using the name \fB\s-1ENV:\s0:name\fR, this will work
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if the program looks up environment variables using the \fB\s-1CONF\s0\fR library
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instead of calling \fB\f(BIgetenv()\fB\fR directly.
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.PP
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It is possible to escape certain characters by using any kind of quote
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or the \fB\e\fR character. By making the last character of a line a \fB\e\fR
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a \fBvalue\fR string can be spread across multiple lines. In addition
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the sequences \fB\en\fR, \fB\er\fR, \fB\eb\fR and \fB\et\fR are recognized.
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.SH "NOTES"
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.IX Header "NOTES"
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If a configuration file attempts to expand a variable that doesn't exist
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then an error is flagged and the file will not load. This can happen
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if an attempt is made to expand an environment variable that doesn't
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exist. For example the default OpenSSL master configuration file used
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the value of \fB\s-1HOME\s0\fR which may not be defined on non Unix systems.
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.PP
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This can be worked around by including a \fBdefault\fR section to provide
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a default value: then if the environment lookup fails the default value
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will be used instead. For this to work properly the default value must
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be defined earlier in the configuration file than the expansion. See
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the \fB\s-1EXAMPLES\s0\fR section for an example of how to do this.
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.PP
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If the same variable exists in the same section then all but the last
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value will be silently ignored. In certain circumstances such as with
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DNs the same field may occur multiple times. This is usually worked
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around by ignoring any characters before an initial \fB.\fR e.g.
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.PP
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.Vb 2
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\& 1.OU="My first OU"
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\& 2.OU="My Second OU"
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.Ve
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.SH "EXAMPLES"
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.IX Header "EXAMPLES"
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Here is a sample configuration file using some of the features
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mentioned above.
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.PP
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.Vb 1
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\& # This is the default section.
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.Ve
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.Vb 3
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\& HOME=/temp
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\& RANDFILE= ${ENV::HOME}/.rnd
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\& configdir=$ENV::HOME/config
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.Ve
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.Vb 1
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\& [ section_one ]
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.Ve
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.Vb 1
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\& # We are now in section one.
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.Ve
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.Vb 2
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\& # Quotes permit leading and trailing whitespace
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\& any = " any variable name "
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.Ve
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.Vb 3
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\& other = A string that can \e
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\& cover several lines \e
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\& by including \e\e characters
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.Ve
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.Vb 1
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\& message = Hello World\en
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.Ve
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.Vb 1
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\& [ section_two ]
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.Ve
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.Vb 1
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\& greeting = $section_one::message
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.Ve
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This next example shows how to expand environment variables safely.
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.PP
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Suppose you want a variable called \fBtmpfile\fR to refer to a
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temporary filename. The directory it is placed in can determined by
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the the \fB\s-1TEMP\s0\fR or \fB\s-1TMP\s0\fR environment variables but they may not be
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set to any value at all. If you just include the environment variable
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names and the variable doesn't exist then this will cause an error when
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an attempt is made to load the configuration file. By making use of the
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default section both values can be looked up with \fB\s-1TEMP\s0\fR taking
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priority and \fB/tmp\fR used if neither is defined:
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.PP
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.Vb 5
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\& TMP=/tmp
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\& # The above value is used if TMP isn't in the environment
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\& TEMP=$ENV::TMP
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\& # The above value is used if TEMP isn't in the environment
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\& tmpfile=${ENV::TEMP}/tmp.filename
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.Ve
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.SH "BUGS"
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.IX Header "BUGS"
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Currently there is no way to include characters using the octal \fB\ennn\fR
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form. Strings are all null terminated so nulls cannot form part of
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the value.
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.PP
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The escaping isn't quite right: if you want to use sequences like \fB\en\fR
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you can't use any quote escaping on the same line.
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.PP
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Files are loaded in a single pass. This means that an variable expansion
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will only work if the variables referenced are defined earlier in the
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file.
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
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.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
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openssl_x509(1), openssl_req(1), openssl_ca(1)
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