200 lines
5.8 KiB
Groff
200 lines
5.8 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
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.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)cpio.1 5.6 (Berkeley) 3/14/91
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.\"
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.Dd March 14, 1991
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.Dt CPIO 1
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm cpio
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.Nd copy file archives in and out
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm cpio
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.Fl i
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.Op Fl BcdmrtuvfsSb6
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.Op Ar patterns
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.Nm cpio
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.Fl o
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.Op Fl acBv
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.Nm cpio
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.Fl p
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.Op Fl adlmruv
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.Ar directory
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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.Nm Cpio
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has three functional modes; copy out, copy in and pass.
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.Pp
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Functional Options:
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.Bl -tag -width 4n
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.It Fl i
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.Em Copy in .
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Extracts files from the standard input,
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which is assumed to be the product of a previous
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.Nm cpio
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.Fl o .
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Only files with names that match patterns are selected.
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Patterns are given in the name-generating notation of
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.Xr sh 1 .
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In patterns, meta-characters
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.Ql \&? ,
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.Ql \&* ,
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and
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.Ql [...]
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match the
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slash
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.Ql \&/
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character. Multiple patterns may be specified and
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if no patterns are specified, the default for patterns is
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.Ql \&*
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(i.e., select all files). The extracted files are
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conditionally created and copied into the current directory
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tree based upon the options described below. The
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permissions of the files will be those of the previous
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.Nm cpio
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.Fl o .
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The owner and group of the files will be that of the
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current user unless the user is super-user, which causes
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.Nm cpio
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to retain the owner and group of the files of the
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previous
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.Nm cpio
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.Fl o .
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.It Fl o
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.Em Copy out .
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Reads the standard input to obtain a list
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of path names and copies those files onto the standard
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output together with path name and status information.
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Output is padded to a 512-byte boundary.
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.It Fl p
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.Em Pass.
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Reads the standard input to obtain a list of
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path names of files that are conditionally created and
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copied into the destination directory tree based upon the
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options described below.
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.El
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.Pp
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Options for the above functional options:
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.Bl -tag -width 4n
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.It Fl B
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Input/output is to be blocked 5,120 bytes to the record
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(does not apply to the pass options; meaningful only
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with data directed to or from
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.Pa /dev/rmt/??).
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.It Fl S
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Swap halfwords. Use only with the
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.Fl i
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option.
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.It Fl a
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Reset access times of input files after they have been
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copied.
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.It Fl b
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halfwords. Use only with the
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.Fl i
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option.
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.It Fl c
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Write header information in ASCII character form for
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portability.
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.It Fl d
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Directories are to be created as needed.
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.It Fl f
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Copy in all files except those in patterns.
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.It Fl l
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Whenever possible, link files rather than copying them.
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Usable only with the
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.Fl p
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option.
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.It Fl m
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Retain previous file modification time. This option is
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ineffective on directories that are being copied.
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.It Fl r
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Interactively rename files. If the user types a null
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line, the files is skipped.
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.It Fl s
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Swap bytes. Use only with the
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.Fl i
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option.
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.It Fl t
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Print a table of contents of the input. No files are
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created.
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.It Fl u
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Copy unconditionally (normally, an older file will not
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replace a newer file with the same name).
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.It Fl v
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Verbose: causes a list of file names to be printed.
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When used with the t option, the table of contents
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looks like the output of an
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.Ql ls -l
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command (see
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.Xr ls 1 ) .
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.It Fl 6
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Process an old (i.e., UNIX System Sixth Edition format)
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file. Only useful with
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.Fl i
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(copy in).
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.El
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.Sh EXAMPLES
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The first example below copies the contents of a directory
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into an archive; the second duplicates a directory
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hierarchy:
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.Pp
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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ls \&| cpio -o > edev/rmt/0m
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cd olddir
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find \&. -depth -print \&| cpio -pdl newdir
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.Pp
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The trivial case
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.Pp
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.Dl find \&. -depth -print \&| cpio -oB >/dev/fmt/0m
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.Pp
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can be handled more efficiently by:
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.Pp
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.Dl find \&. -cpio /dev/rmt/0m
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr ar 1 ,
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.Xr find 1 ,
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.Xr ls 1 ,
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.Xr cpio 4
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm cpio
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command appeared in System V AT&T UNIX. This program is derived
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from the System V AT&T sources which were contributed to the public
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domain by AT&T.
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.Sh BUGS
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Path names are restricted to 128 characters. If there are
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too many unique linked files, the program runs out of memory
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to keep track of them and, thereafter, linking information
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is lost. Only the super-user can copy special files. The
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.Fl B
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option does not work with certain magnetic tape drives.
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