178 lines
5.2 KiB
Groff
178 lines
5.2 KiB
Groff
.\" $NetBSD: traceroute6.8,v 1.19 2018/04/23 07:13:50 wiz Exp $
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.\" $KAME: traceroute6.8,v 1.8 2000/06/12 16:29:18 itojun Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, and 1998 WIDE Project.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE PROJECT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE PROJECT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.Dd April 23, 2018
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.Dt TRACEROUTE6 8
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.Os
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.\"
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm traceroute6
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.Nd print the route IPv6 packets will take to the destination
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.\"
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm traceroute6
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.Op Fl adIlnrv
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.Op Fl A Ar as_server
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.Op Fl f Ar firsthop
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.Op Fl m Ar hoplimit
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.Op Fl p Ar port
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.Op Fl q Ar probes
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.Op Fl s Ar src
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.Op Fl w Ar waittime
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.Ar target
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.Op Ar datalen
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.\"
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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.Nm
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uses the IPv6 protocol hop limit field to elicit an ICMPv6
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.Dv TIME_EXCEEDED
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response from each gateway along the path to some host.
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.Pp
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The only mandatory parameter is the destination host name or IPv6 address.
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The default probe datagram carries 12 bytes of payload,
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in addition to the IPv6 header.
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The size of the payload can be specified by giving a length
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.Po in bytes
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.Pc
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after the destination host name.
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.Pp
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Other options are:
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Fl A
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Turn on AS# lookups and use the given server instead of the default.
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.It Fl a
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Turn on AS# lookups for each hop encountered.
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.It Fl d
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Turn on socket-level debugging.
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.It Fl f Ar firsthop
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Specify how many hops to skip in trace.
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.It Fl I
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Use ICMP6 ECHO instead of UDP datagrams.
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.It Fl l
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Print both host hostnames and numeric addresses.
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Normally
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.Nm
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prints only hostnames if
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.Fl n
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is not specified, and only numeric addresses if
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.Fl n
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is specified.
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.It Fl m Ar hoplimit
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Specify maximum
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.Ar hoplimit ,
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up to 255.
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The default is 30 hops.
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.It Fl n
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Do not resolve numeric address to hostname.
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.It Fl p Ar port
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Set the base UDP port number use in probes to
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.Ar port .
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The default is 33434.
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.Nm
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hopes that nothing is listening on UDP ports
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.Va base
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to
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.Va base + nhops - 1
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at the destination host (so an ICMPv6
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.Dv PORT_UNREACHABLE
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message will be returned to terminate the route tracing).
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If something is listening on a port in the default range,
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this option can be used to pick an unused port range.
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.It Fl q Ar probes
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Set the number of probe packets sent per hop count to
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.Ar probes .
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By default,
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.Nm
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sends three probe packets.
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.It Fl r
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Bypass the normal routing tables and send directly to
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a host on an attached network.
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If the host is not on a directly-attached network,
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an error is returned.
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This option can be used to send probes to a local host
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through an interface that has no route through it
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(e.g., after the interface was dropped by
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.Xr route6d 8 ) .
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.It Fl s Ar src
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Use the IPv6 address,
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.Ar src ,
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as the source address in outgoing probe packets.
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.It Fl v
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Be verbose.
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Received ICMPv6 packets other than
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.Dv TIME_EXCEEDED
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and
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.Dv UNREACHABLEs
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are listed.
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.It Fl w Ar waittime
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Use
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.Ar waittime
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as the delay in seconds, between probes.
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The default is 5 seconds.
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.El
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.Pp
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This program prints the route to the given destination
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and the round-trip time to each gateway,
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in the same manner as traceroute.
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.Pp
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Here is a list of possible annotations after the
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round-trip time for each gateway:
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.Bl -hang -offset indent
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.It !N
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Destination Unreachable - No Route to Host.
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.It !X
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Destination Unreachable - Administratively Prohibited.
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.It !S
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Destination Unreachable - Not a Neighbour.
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.It !H
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Destination Unreachable - Address Unreachable.
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.It !
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This is printed if the hop limit is <= 1 on a port unreachable message.
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This means that the packet got to the destination,
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but that the reply had a hop limit that was just
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large enough to allow it to get back to the source of the
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.Nm .
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This was more interesting in the IPv4 case,
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where some IP stack bugs could be identified by this behaviour.
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.El
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.\"
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.Sh EXIT STATUS
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.Ex -std traceroute6
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.\"
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr ping 8 ,
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.Xr ping6 8 ,
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.Xr traceroute 8
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.\"
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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command first appeared in WIDE hydrangea IPv6 protocol stack kit.
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