257 lines
7.2 KiB
Groff
257 lines
7.2 KiB
Groff
.\" $NetBSD: rx.4,v 1.3 1996/03/03 17:14:03 thorpej Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991 Regents of the University of California.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
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.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" from: @(#)rx.4 6.2 (Berkeley) 3/27/91
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.\"
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.Dd March 27, 1991
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.Dt RX 4 vax
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.Os BSD 4.2
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm rx
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.Nd
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.Tn DEC
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.Tn RX02
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floppy disk interface
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Cd "controller fx0 at uba0 csr 0177170 vector rxintr"
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.Cd "disk rx0 at fx0 drive 0"
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.Cd "disk rx1 at fx0 drive 1"
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm rx
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device provides access to a
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.Tn DEC
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.Tn RX02
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floppy disk
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unit with M8256 interface module
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.Pf ( Tn RX211
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configuration).
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The
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.Tn RX02
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uses 8-inch, single-sided, soft-sectored floppy
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disks (with pre-formatted industry-standard headers) in
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either single or double density.
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.Pp
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Floppy disks handled by the
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.Tn RX02
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contain 77 tracks, each with 26
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sectors (for a total of 2,002 sectors). The sector size is 128
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bytes for single density, 256 bytes for double density. Single
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density disks are compatible with the
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.Tn RX01
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floppy disk unit and with
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.Tn IBM
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3740 Series Diskette 1 systems.
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.Pp
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In addition to normal (`block' and `raw')
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.Tn I/O ,
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the driver supports
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formatting of disks for either density and
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the ability to invoke a 2 for 1 interleaved sector mapping
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compatible with the
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.Tn DEC
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operating system
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.Tn RT-11 .
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.Pp
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The minor device number is interpreted as follows:
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.Pp
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.Bl -column Otherx -offset indent
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.Sy Bit Description
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0 Sector interleaving (1 disables interleaving)
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1 Logical sector 1 is on track 1 (0 no, 1 yes)
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2 Not used, reserved
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Other Drive number
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.El
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.Pp
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The two drives in a single
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.Tn RX02
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unit are treated as
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two disks attached to a single controller. Thus, if there are two
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.Tn RX02 Ns 's
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on a system, the drives on the first
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.Tn RX02
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are
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.Dq Li rx0
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and
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.Dq Li rx1 ,
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while the drives on the second are
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.Dq Li rx2
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and
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.Dq Li rx3 .
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.Pp
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When the device is opened, the density of the disk
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currently in the drive is automatically determined. If there
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is no floppy in the device, open will fail.
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.Pp
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The interleaving parameters are represented in raw device
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names by the letters
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.Ql a
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through
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.Ql d .
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Thus, unit 0, drive 0 is
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called by one of the following names:
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.Pp
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.Bl -column interleavedxx "Device namexx" "Starting Track" -offset indent
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.Sy Mapping Device name Starting track
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interleaved /dev/rrx0a 0
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direct /dev/rrx0b 0
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interleaved /dev/rrx0c 1
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direct /dev/rrx0d 1
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.El
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.Pp
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The mapping used on the
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.Ql c
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device is compatible with the
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.Tn DEC
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operating system
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.Tn RT-11 .
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The
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.Ql b
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device accesses the
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sectors of the disk in strictly sequential order.
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The
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.Ql a
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device is the most efficient for disk-to-disk copying.
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This mapping is always used by the block device.
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.Pp
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.Tn I/O
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requests must start on a sector boundary, involve an integral
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number of complete sectors, and not go off the end of the disk.
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.Sh NOTES
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Even though the storage capacity on a floppy disk is quite
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small, it is possible to make filesystems on
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double density disks.
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For example, the command
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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% mkfs /dev/rx0 1001 13 1 4096 512 32 0 4
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.Ed
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.Pp
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makes a file system on the double density disk in rx0 with
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436 kbytes available for file storage.
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Using
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.Xr tar 1
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gives a more efficient utilization of the available
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space for file storage.
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Single density diskettes do not provide sufficient storage capacity to
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hold file systems.
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.Pp
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A number of
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.Xr ioctl 2
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calls apply to the rx devices, and
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have the form
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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#include <vaxuba/rxreg.h>
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ioctl(fildes, code, arg)
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int *arg;
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.Ed
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.Pp
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The applicable codes are:
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.Bl -tag -width RXIOC_GETDENS
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.It Dv RXIOC_FORMAT
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Format the diskette. The density to use is specified
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by the
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.Ar arg
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argument, zero gives single density while non-zero
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gives double density.
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.It Dv RXIOC_GETDENS
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Return the density of the diskette (zero or non-zero as above).
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.It Dv RXIOC_WDDMK
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On the next write, include a
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.Em deleted data address mark
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in
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the header of the first sector.
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.It Dv RXIOC_RDDMK
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Return non-zero if the last sector read contained a
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.Em deleted data address mark
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in its header, otherwise
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return 0.
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.El
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.Sh FILES
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.Bl -tag -width /dev/rx?xx -compact
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.It Pa /dev/rx?
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.It Pa /dev/rrx?[a-d]
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.El
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.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
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.Bl -diag
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.It "rx%d: hard error, trk %d psec %d cs=%b, db=%b, err=%x, %x, %x, %x."
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An unrecoverable error was encountered. The
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track and physical sector numbers, the device registers and the
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extended error status are displayed.
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.Pp
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.It rx%d: state %d (reset).
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The driver entered a bogus state. This should not happen.
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.El
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.Sh ERRORS
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The following errors may be returned by the driver:
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.Bl -tag -width [ENODEV]
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.It Bq Er ENODEV
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Drive not ready; usually because no disk is in the drive or
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the drive door is open.
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.It Bq Er ENXIO
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Nonexistent drive (on open);
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offset is too large or not on a sector boundary or
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byte count is not a multiple of the sector size (on read or write);
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or bad (undefined) ioctl code.
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.It Bq Er EIO
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A physical error other than ``not ready'', probably bad media or
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unknown format.
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.It Bq Er EBUSY
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Drive has been opened for exclusive access.
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.It Bq Er EBADF
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No write access (on format), or wrong density; the latter
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can only happen if the disk is changed without
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.Em closing
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the device
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(i.e., calling
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.Xr close 2 ) .
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr rxformat 8 ,
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.Xr newfs 8 ,
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.Xr mkfs 8 ,
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.Xr tar 1 ,
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.Xr arff 8
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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driver appeared in
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.Bx 4.2 .
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.Sh BUGS
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A floppy may not be formatted if the
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header info on sector 1, track 0 has been damaged. Hence, it is not
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possible to format completely degaussed disks or disks with other
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formats than the two known by the hardware.
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.Pp
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If the drive subsystem is powered down when the machine is booted, the
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controller won't interrupt.
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