306 lines
9.2 KiB
Groff
306 lines
9.2 KiB
Groff
.\" $NetBSD: error.1,v 1.9 2002/02/07 03:15:11 ross Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
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.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)error.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
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.\"
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.Dd June 6, 1993
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.Dt ERROR 1
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm error
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.Nd analyze and disperse compiler error messages
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Op Fl n
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.Op Fl s
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.Op Fl q
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.Op Fl v
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.Op Fl t Ar suffixlist
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.Op Fl I Ar ignorefile
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.Op name
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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.Nm
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analyzes and optionally disperses the diagnostic error messages
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produced by a number of compilers and language processors to the source
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file and line where the errors occurred. It can replace the painful,
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traditional methods of scribbling abbreviations of errors on paper, and
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permits error messages and source code to be viewed simultaneously
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without machinations of multiple windows in a screen editor.
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.Pp
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Options are:
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Fl n
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Do
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.Em not
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touch any files; all error messages are sent to the
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standard output.
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.It Fl q
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The user is
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.Ar queried
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whether s/he wants to touch the file.
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A ``y'' or ``n'' to the question is necessary to continue.
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Absence of the
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.Fl q
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option implies that all referenced files
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(except those referring to discarded error messages)
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are to be touched.
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.It Fl v
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After all files have been touched,
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overlay the visual editor
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.Xr \&vi 1
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with it set up to edit all files touched,
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and positioned in the first touched file at the first error.
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If
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.Xr \&vi 1
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can't be found, try
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.Xr \&ex 1
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or
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.Xr \&ed 1
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from standard places.
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.It Fl t
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Take the following argument as a suffix list.
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Files whose suffixes do not appear in the suffix list are not touched.
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The suffix list is dot separated, and ``*'' wildcards work.
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Thus the suffix list:
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.Pp
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.Dl ".c.y.foo*.h"
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.Pp
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allows
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.Nm
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to touch files ending with ``.c'', ``.y'', ``.foo*'' and ``.h''.
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.It Fl s
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Print out
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.Em statistics
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regarding the error categorization.
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Not too useful.
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.El
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.Pp
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.Nm
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looks at the error messages,
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either from the specified file
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.Ar name
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or from the standard input,
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and attempts to determine which
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language processor produced each error message,
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determines the source file and line number to which the error message refers,
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determines if the error message is to be ignored or not,
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and inserts the (possibly slightly modified) error message into
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the source file as a comment on the line preceding to which the
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line the error message refers.
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Error messages which can't be categorized by language processor
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or content are not inserted into any file,
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but are sent to the standard output.
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.Nm
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touches source files only after all input has been read.
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.Pp
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.Nm
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is intended to be run
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with its standard input
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connected via a pipe to the error message source.
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Some language processors put error messages on their standard error file;
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others put their messages on the standard output.
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Hence, both error sources should be piped together into
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.Nm "" .
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For example, when using the
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.Xr csh 1
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syntax,
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.Pp
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.Dl make \-s lint \&| error \-q \-v
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.Pp
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will analyze all the error messages produced
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by whatever programs
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.Xr make 1
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runs when making lint.
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.Pp
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.Nm
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knows about the error messages produced by:
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.Xr make 1 ,
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.Xr \&cc 1 ,
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.Xr cpp 1 ,
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.Ic ccom ,
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.Xr \&as 1 ,
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.Xr \&ld 1 ,
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.Xr lint 1 ,
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.Ic \&pi ,
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.Ic \&pc ,
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.Xr f77 1 ,
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and
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.Em DEC Western Research Modula\-2 .
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.Nm
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knows a standard format for error messages produced by
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the language processors,
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so is sensitive to changes in these formats.
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For all languages except
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.Em Pascal ,
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error messages are restricted to be on one line.
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Some error messages refer to more than one line in more than
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one files;
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.Nm
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will duplicate the error message and insert it at
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all of the places referenced.
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.Pp
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.Nm
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will do one of six things with error messages.
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.Bl -tag -width synchronize
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.It Em synchronize
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Some language processors produce short errors describing
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which file it is processing.
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.Nm
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uses these to determine the file name for languages that
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don't include the file name in each error message.
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These synchronization messages are consumed entirely by
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.Nm "" .
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.It Em discard
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Error messages from
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.Xr lint 1
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that refer to one of the two
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.Xr lint 1
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libraries,
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.Pa /usr/libdata/lint/llib-lc
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and
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.Pa /usr/libdata/lint/llib-port
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are discarded,
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to prevent accidently touching these libraries.
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Again, these error messages are consumed entirely by
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.Nm "" .
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.It Em nullify
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Error messages from
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.Xr lint 1
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can be nullified if they refer to a specific function,
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which is known to generate diagnostics which are not interesting.
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Nullified error messages are not inserted into the source file,
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but are written to the standard output.
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The names of functions to ignore are taken from
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either the file named
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.Pa .errorrc
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in the users's home directory,
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or from the file named by the
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.Fl I
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option.
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If the file does not exist,
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no error messages are nullified.
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If the file does exist, there must be one function
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name per line.
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.It Em not file specific
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Error messages that can't be intuited are grouped together,
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and written to the standard output before any files are touched.
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They will not be inserted into any source file.
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.It Em file specific
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Error message that refer to a specific file,
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but to no specific line,
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are written to the standard output when
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that file is touched.
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.It Em true errors
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Error messages that can be intuited are candidates for
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insertion into the file to which they refer.
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.El
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.Pp
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Only true error messages are candidates for inserting into
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the file they refer to.
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Other error messages are consumed entirely by
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.Nm
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or are written to the standard output.
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.Nm
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inserts the error messages into the source file on the line
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preceding the line the language processor found in error.
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Each error message is turned into a one line comment for the
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language,
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and is internally flagged
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with the string ``###'' at
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the beginning of the error,
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and ``%%%'' at the end of the error.
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This makes pattern searching for errors easier with an editor,
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and allows the messages to be easily removed.
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In addition, each error message contains the source line number
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for the line the message refers to.
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A reasonably formatted source program can be recompiled
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with the error messages still in it,
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without having the error messages themselves cause future errors.
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For poorly formatted source programs in free format languages,
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such as C or Pascal,
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it is possible to insert a comment into another comment,
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which can wreak havoc with a future compilation.
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To avoid this, programs with comments and source
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on the same line should be formatted
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so that language statements appear before comments.
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.Pp
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.Nm
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catches interrupt and terminate signals,
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and if in the insertion phase,
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will orderly terminate what it is doing.
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.Sh FILES
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.Bl -tag -width ~/.errorrc -compact
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.It Pa ~/.errorrc
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function names to ignore for
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.Xr lint 1
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error messages
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.It Pa /dev/tty
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user's teletype
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.El
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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command
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appeared in
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.Bx 4.0 .
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.Sh AUTHORS
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.An Robert Henry
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.Sh BUGS
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Opens the teletype directly to do user querying.
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.Pp
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Source files with links make a new copy of the file with
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only one link to it.
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.Pp
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Changing a language processor's format of error messages
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may cause
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.Nm
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to not understand the error message.
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.Pp
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.Nm "" ,
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since it is purely mechanical,
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will not filter out subsequent errors caused by `floodgating'
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initiated by one syntactically trivial error.
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Humans are still much better at discarding these related errors.
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.Pp
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Pascal error messages belong after the lines affected
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(error puts them before). The alignment of the `\\' marking
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the point of error is also disturbed by
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.Nm "" .
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.Pp
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.Nm
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was designed for work on
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.Tn CRT Ns 's
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at reasonably high speed.
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It is less pleasant on slow speed terminals, and has never been
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used on hardcopy terminals.
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