255 lines
7.2 KiB
Groff
255 lines
7.2 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993
|
|
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
|
|
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
|
|
.\" are met:
|
|
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
|
|
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
|
|
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
|
|
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
|
|
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
|
|
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
|
|
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
|
|
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
|
|
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
|
|
.\" without specific prior written permission.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
|
|
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
|
|
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
|
|
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
|
|
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
|
|
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
|
|
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
|
|
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
|
|
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
|
|
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
|
|
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" @(#)rx.4 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93
|
|
.\"
|
|
.Dd June 5, 1993
|
|
.Dt RX 4 vax
|
|
.Os BSD 4.2
|
|
.Sh NAME
|
|
.Nm rx
|
|
.Nd
|
|
.Tn DEC
|
|
.Tn RX02
|
|
floppy disk interface
|
|
.Sh SYNOPSIS
|
|
.Cd "controller fx0 at uba0 csr 0177170 vector rxintr"
|
|
.Cd "disk rx0 at fx0 drive 0"
|
|
.Cd "disk rx1 at fx0 drive 1"
|
|
.Sh DESCRIPTION
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm rx
|
|
device provides access to a
|
|
.Tn DEC
|
|
.Tn RX02
|
|
floppy disk
|
|
unit with M8256 interface module
|
|
.Pf ( Tn RX211
|
|
configuration).
|
|
The
|
|
.Tn RX02
|
|
uses 8-inch, single-sided, soft-sectored floppy
|
|
disks (with pre-formatted industry-standard headers) in
|
|
either single or double density.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Floppy disks handled by the
|
|
.Tn RX02
|
|
contain 77 tracks, each with 26
|
|
sectors (for a total of 2,002 sectors). The sector size is 128
|
|
bytes for single density, 256 bytes for double density. Single
|
|
density disks are compatible with the
|
|
.Tn RX01
|
|
floppy disk unit and with
|
|
.Tn IBM
|
|
3740 Series Diskette 1 systems.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
In addition to normal (`block' and `raw')
|
|
.Tn I/O ,
|
|
the driver supports
|
|
formatting of disks for either density and
|
|
the ability to invoke a 2 for 1 interleaved sector mapping
|
|
compatible with the
|
|
.Tn DEC
|
|
operating system
|
|
.Tn RT-11 .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The minor device number is interpreted as follows:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -column Otherx -offset indent
|
|
.Sy Bit Description
|
|
0 Sector interleaving (1 disables interleaving)
|
|
1 Logical sector 1 is on track 1 (0 no, 1 yes)
|
|
2 Not used, reserved
|
|
Other Drive number
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The two drives in a single
|
|
.Tn RX02
|
|
unit are treated as
|
|
two disks attached to a single controller. Thus, if there are two
|
|
.Tn RX02 Ns 's
|
|
on a system, the drives on the first
|
|
.Tn RX02
|
|
are
|
|
.Dq Li rx0
|
|
and
|
|
.Dq Li rx1 ,
|
|
while the drives on the second are
|
|
.Dq Li rx2
|
|
and
|
|
.Dq Li rx3 .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
When the device is opened, the density of the disk
|
|
currently in the drive is automatically determined. If there
|
|
is no floppy in the device, open will fail.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The interleaving parameters are represented in raw device
|
|
names by the letters
|
|
.Ql a
|
|
through
|
|
.Ql d .
|
|
Thus, unit 0, drive 0 is
|
|
called by one of the following names:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -column interleavedxx "Device namexx" "Starting Track" -offset indent
|
|
.Sy Mapping Device name Starting track
|
|
interleaved /dev/rrx0a 0
|
|
direct /dev/rrx0b 0
|
|
interleaved /dev/rrx0c 1
|
|
direct /dev/rrx0d 1
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The mapping used on the
|
|
.Ql c
|
|
device is compatible with the
|
|
.Tn DEC
|
|
operating system
|
|
.Tn RT-11 .
|
|
The
|
|
.Ql b
|
|
device accesses the
|
|
sectors of the disk in strictly sequential order.
|
|
The
|
|
.Ql a
|
|
device is the most efficient for disk-to-disk copying.
|
|
This mapping is always used by the block device.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Tn I/O
|
|
requests must start on a sector boundary, involve an integral
|
|
number of complete sectors, and not go off the end of the disk.
|
|
.Sh NOTES
|
|
Even though the storage capacity on a floppy disk is quite
|
|
small, it is possible to make filesystems on
|
|
double density disks.
|
|
For example, the command
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
% mkfs /dev/rx0 1001 13 1 4096 512 32 0 4
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
makes a file system on the double density disk in rx0 with
|
|
436 kbytes available for file storage.
|
|
Using
|
|
.Xr tar 1
|
|
gives a more efficient utilization of the available
|
|
space for file storage.
|
|
Single density diskettes do not provide sufficient storage capacity to
|
|
hold file systems.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
A number of
|
|
.Xr ioctl 2
|
|
calls apply to the rx devices, and
|
|
have the form
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
#include <vaxuba/rxreg.h>
|
|
ioctl(fildes, code, arg)
|
|
int *arg;
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The applicable codes are:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width RXIOC_GETDENS
|
|
.It Dv RXIOC_FORMAT
|
|
Format the diskette. The density to use is specified
|
|
by the
|
|
.Ar arg
|
|
argument, zero gives single density while non-zero
|
|
gives double density.
|
|
.It Dv RXIOC_GETDENS
|
|
Return the density of the diskette (zero or non-zero as above).
|
|
.It Dv RXIOC_WDDMK
|
|
On the next write, include a
|
|
.Em deleted data address mark
|
|
in
|
|
the header of the first sector.
|
|
.It Dv RXIOC_RDDMK
|
|
Return non-zero if the last sector read contained a
|
|
.Em deleted data address mark
|
|
in its header, otherwise
|
|
return 0.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh FILES
|
|
.Bl -tag -width /dev/rx?xx -compact
|
|
.It Pa /dev/rx?
|
|
.It Pa /dev/rrx?[a-d]
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
|
|
.Bl -diag
|
|
.It "rx%d: hard error, trk %d psec %d cs=%b, db=%b, err=%x, %x, %x, %x."
|
|
An unrecoverable error was encountered. The
|
|
track and physical sector numbers, the device registers and the
|
|
extended error status are displayed.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It rx%d: state %d (reset).
|
|
The driver entered a bogus state. This should not happen.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh ERRORS
|
|
The following errors may be returned by the driver:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width [ENODEV]
|
|
.It Bq Er ENODEV
|
|
Drive not ready; usually because no disk is in the drive or
|
|
the drive door is open.
|
|
.It Bq Er ENXIO
|
|
Nonexistent drive (on open);
|
|
offset is too large or not on a sector boundary or
|
|
byte count is not a multiple of the sector size (on read or write);
|
|
or bad (undefined) ioctl code.
|
|
.It Bq Er EIO
|
|
A physical error other than ``not ready'', probably bad media or
|
|
unknown format.
|
|
.It Bq Er EBUSY
|
|
Drive has been opened for exclusive access.
|
|
.It Bq Er EBADF
|
|
No write access (on format), or wrong density; the latter
|
|
can only happen if the disk is changed without
|
|
.Em closing
|
|
the device
|
|
(i.e., calling
|
|
.Xr close 2 ) .
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr rxformat 8 ,
|
|
.Xr newfs 8 ,
|
|
.Xr mkfs 8 ,
|
|
.Xr tar 1 ,
|
|
.Xr arff 8
|
|
.Sh HISTORY
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
driver appeared in
|
|
.Bx 4.2 .
|
|
.Sh BUGS
|
|
A floppy may not be formatted if the
|
|
header info on sector 1, track 0 has been damaged. Hence, it is not
|
|
possible to format completely degaussed disks or disks with other
|
|
formats than the two known by the hardware.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If the drive subsystem is powered down when the machine is booted, the
|
|
controller won't interrupt.
|