2129 lines
74 KiB
Groff
2129 lines
74 KiB
Groff
.\" $NetBSD: sysctl.7,v 1.24 2009/09/11 19:43:26 wiz Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)sysctl.3 8.4 (Berkeley) 5/9/95
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.\"
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.Dd September 11, 2009
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.Dt SYSCTL 7
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm sysctl
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.Nd system information variables
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Xr sysctl 3
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library function and the
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.Xr sysctl 8
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utility are used to get and set values of system variables, maintained
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by the kernel.
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The variables are organized in a tree and identified by a sequence of
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numbers, conventionally separated by dots with the topmost identifier
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at the left side.
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The numbers have corresponding text names.
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The
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.Xr sysctlnametomib 3
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function or the
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.Fl M
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argument to the
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.Xr sysctl 8
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utility can be used to convert the text representation to the
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numeric one.
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.Pp
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The individual sysctl variables are described below, both the textual
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and numeric form where applicable.
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The textual names can be used as argument to the
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.Xr sysctl 8
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utility and in the file
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.Pa /etc/sysctl.conf .
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The numeric names are usually defined as preprocessor constants and
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are intended for use by programs.
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Every such constant expands to one integer, which identifies the
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sysctl variable relative to the upper level of the tree.
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See the
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.Xr sysctl 3
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manual page for programming examples.
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.Sh Top level names
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The top level names are defined with a CTL_ prefix in
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.Aq Pa sys/sysctl.h ,
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and are as follows.
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The next and subsequent levels down are found in the include files
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listed here, and described in separate sections below.
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.Bl -column security CTL_SECURITY "Next level names" "High kernel limits"
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.It Sy Name Constant Next level names Description
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.It kern CTL_KERN sys/sysctl.h High kernel limits
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.It vm CTL_VM uvm/uvm_param.h Virtual memory
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.It vfs CTL_VFS sys/mount.h Filesystem
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.It net CTL_NET sys/socket.h Networking
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.It debug CTL_DEBUG sys/sysctl.h Debugging
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.It hw CTL_HW sys/sysctl.h Generic CPU, I/O
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.It machdep CTL_MACHDEP sys/sysctl.h Machine dependent
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.It user CTL_USER sys/sysctl.h User-level
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.It ddb CTL_DDB sys/sysctl.h In-kernel debugger
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.It proc CTL_PROC sys/sysctl.h Per-process
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.It vendor CTL_VENDOR ? Vendor specific
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.It emul CTL_EMUL sys/sysctl.h Emulation settings
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.It security CTL_SECURITY sys/sysctl.h Security settings
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.El
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.Sh The debug.* subtree
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The debugging variables vary from system to system.
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A debugging variable may be added or deleted without need to recompile
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.Nm
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to know about it.
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Each time it runs,
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.Nm
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gets the list of debugging variables from the kernel and
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displays their current values.
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The system defines twenty
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.Va ( struct ctldebug )
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variables named
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.Dv debug0
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through
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.Dv debug19 .
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They are declared as separate variables so that they can be
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individually initialized at the location of their associated variable.
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The loader prevents multiple use of the same variable by issuing errors
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if a variable is initialized in more than one place.
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For example, to export the variable
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.Dv dospecialcheck
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as a debugging variable, the following declaration would be used:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent -compact
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int dospecialcheck = 1;
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struct ctldebug debug5 = { "dospecialcheck", \*[Am]dospecialcheck };
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Note that the dynamic implementation of
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.Nm
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currently in use largely makes this particular
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.Nm
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interface obsolete.
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See
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.Xr sysctl 8
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.\" and
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.\" .Xr sysctl 9
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for more information.
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.Sh The vfs.* subtree
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A distinguished second level name,
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.Li vfs.generic ( VFS_GENERIC ) ,
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is used to get general information about all filesystems.
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One of its third level identifiers is
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.Li vfs.generic.maxtypenum ( VFS_MAXTYPENUM )
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that gives the highest valid filesystem type number.
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Its other third level identifier is
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.Li vfs.generic.conf ( VFS_CONF )
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that returns configuration information about the filesystem
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type given as a fourth level identifier.
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The remaining second level identifiers are the
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filesystem type number returned by a
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.Xr statvfs 2
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call or from
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.Li vfs.generic.conf .
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The third level identifiers available for each filesystem
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are given in the header file that defines the mount
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argument structure for that filesystem.
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.Sh The hw.* subtree
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The string and integer information available for the
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.Li hw
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level is detailed below.
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The changeable column shows whether a process with appropriate
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privilege may change the value.
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.Bl -column "hw.acpi.supported_states" "integer" "Changeable" -offset indent
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.It Sy Second level name Type Changeable
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.It hw.acpi.supported_states string no
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.It hw.alignbytes integer no
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.It hw.byteorder integer no
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.It hw.cnmagic string yes
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.It hw.disknames string no
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.It hw.diskstats struct no
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.It hw.machine string no
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.It hw.machine_arch string no
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.It hw.model string no
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.It hw.ncpu integer no
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.It hw.pagesize integer no
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.It hw.physmem integer no
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.It hw.physmem64 quad no
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.It hw.usermem integer no
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.It hw.usermem64 quad no
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.El
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width "123456"
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.It Li hw.acpi.support_states
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List of possible
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.Tn ACPI
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sleep states.
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The list can contain the following values:
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.Bl -tag -width XS1X
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.It S0
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fully running
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.It S1
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power on suspend (CPU and hard disks are off)
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.It S2
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similar to S3, usually not implemented
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.It S3
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suspend-to-RAM
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.It S4
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suspend-to-disk (needs BIOS support)
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.It S5
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power off
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.El
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.It Li hw.alignbytes ( HW_ALIGNBYTES )
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Alignment constraint for all possible data types.
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This shows the value
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.Dv ALIGNBYTES
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in
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.Pa /usr/include/machine/param.h ,
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at the kernel compilation time.
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.It Li hw.byteorder ( HW_BYTEORDER )
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The byteorder (4,321, or 1,234).
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.It Li hw.cnmagic ( HW_CNMAGIC )
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The console magic key sequence.
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.It Li hw.disknames ( HW_DISKNAMES )
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The list of (space separated) disk device names on the system.
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.It Li hw.iostatnames ( HW_IOSTATNAMES )
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A space separated list of devices that will have I/O statistics
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collected on them.
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.It Li hw.iostats ( HW_IOSTATS )
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Return statistical information on the NFS mounts, disk and tape
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devices on the system.
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An array of
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.Va struct io_sysctl
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structures is returned,
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whose size depends on the current number of such objects in the system.
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The third level name is the size of the
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.Va struct io_sysctl .
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The type of object can be determined by examining the
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.Va type
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element of
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.Va struct io_sysctl .
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Which can be
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.Dv IOSTAT_DISK
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(disk drive),
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.Dv IOSTAT_TAPE
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(tape drive), or
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.Dv IOSTAT_NFS
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(NFS mount).
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.It Li hw.machine ( HW_MACHINE )
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The machine class.
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.It Li hw.machine_arch ( HW_MACHINE_ARCH )
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The machine CPU class.
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.It Li hw.model ( HW_MODEL )
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The machine model.
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.It Li hw.ncpu ( HW_NCPU )
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The number of CPUs.
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.It Li hw.pagesize ( HW_PAGESIZE )
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The software page size.
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.It Li hw.physmem ( HW_PHYSMEM )
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The bytes of physical memory as a 32-bit integer.
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.It Li hw.physmem64 ( HW_PHYSMEM64 )
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The bytes of physical memory as a 64-bit integer.
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.It Li hw.usermem ( HW_USERMEM )
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The bytes of non-kernel memory as a 32-bit integer.
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.It Li hw.usermem64 ( HW_USERMEM64 )
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The bytes of non-kernel memory as a 64-bit integer.
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.El
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.Sh The kern.* subtree
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The string and integer information available for the
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.Li kern
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level is detailed below.
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The changeable column shows whether a process with appropriate
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privilege may change the value.
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The types of data currently available are process information,
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system vnodes, the open file entries, routing table entries,
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virtual memory statistics, load average history, and clock rate
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information.
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.Bl -column "kern.posix_reader_writer_locks" "struct kinfo_drivers" "not applicable"
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.It Sy Second level name Type Changeable
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.It kern.argmax integer no
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.It kern.autonicetime integer yes
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.It kern.autoniceval integer yes
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.It kern.boottime struct timeval no
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.It kern.bufq node not applicable
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.It kern.ccpu integer no
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.It kern.clockrate struct clockinfo no
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.It kern.consdev integer no
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.It kern.cp_id struct no
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.It kern.cp_time uint64_t[\|] no
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.It kern.defcorename string yes
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.It kern.domainname string yes
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.It kern.drivers struct kinfo_drivers no
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.It kern.file struct file no
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.It kern.forkfsleep integer yes
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.It kern.fscale integer no
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.It kern.fsync integer no
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.It kern.hardclock_ticks integer no
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.It kern.hostid integer yes
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.It kern.hostname string yes
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.It kern.iov_max integer no
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.It kern.job_control integer no
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.It kern.labeloffset integer no
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.It kern.labelsector integer no
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.It kern.login_name_max integer no
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.It kern.logsigexit integer yes
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.It kern.mapped_files integer no
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.It kern.maxfiles integer yes
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.It kern.maxpartitions integer no
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.It kern.maxphys integer no
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.It kern.maxproc integer yes
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.It kern.maxptys integer yes
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.It kern.maxvnodes integer yes
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.It kern.mbuf node not applicable
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.It kern.memlock integer no
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.It kern.memlock_range integer no
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.It kern.memory_protection integer no
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.It kern.monotonic_clock integer no
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.It kern.msgbuf integer no
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.It kern.msgbufsize integer no
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.It kern.ngroups integer no
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.It kern.ntptime struct ntptimeval no
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.It kern.osrelease string no
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.It kern.osrev integer no
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.It kern.ostype string no
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.It kern.pipe node not applicable
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.It kern.posix1 integer no
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.It kern.posix_barriers integer no
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.It kern.posix_reader_writer_locks integer no
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.It kern.posix_semaphores integer no
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.It kern.posix_spin_locks integer no
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.It kern.posix_threads integer no
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.It kern.posix_timers integer no
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.It kern.proc struct kinfo_proc no
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.It kern.proc2 struct kinfo_proc2 no
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.It kern.proc_args string no
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.It kern.prof node not applicable
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.It kern.rawpartition integer no
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.It kern.root_device string no
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.It kern.root_partition integer no
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.It kern.rtc_offset integer yes
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.It kern.saved_ids integer no
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.It kern.securelevel integer raise only
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.It kern.synchronized_io integer no
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.It kern.ipc node not applicable
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.It kern.timecounter node not applicable
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.It kern.timex struct no
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.It kern.tkstat node not applicable
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.It kern.urandom integer no
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.It kern.version string no
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.It kern.vnode struct vnode no
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.El
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.Bl -tag -width "123456"
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.It Li kern.argmax ( KERN_ARGMAX )
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The maximum bytes of argument to
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.Xr execve 2 .
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.It Li kern.autonicetime ( KERN_AUTONICETIME )
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The number of seconds of CPU-time a non-root process may accumulate before
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having its priority lowered from the default to the value of KERN_AUTONICEVAL.
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If set to 0, automatic lowering of priority is not performed, and if set to \-1
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all non-root processes are immediately lowered.
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.It Li kern.autoniceval ( KERN_AUTONICEVAL )
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The priority assigned for automatically niced processes.
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.It Li kern.boothowto
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Flags passed from the boot loader; see
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.Xr reboot 2
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for the meanings of the flags.
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.It Li kern.boottime ( KERN_BOOTTIME )
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A
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.Va struct timeval
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structure is returned.
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This structure contains the time that the system was booted.
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.It Li kern.ccpu ( KERN_CCPU )
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The scheduler exponential decay value.
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.It Li kern.clockrate ( KERN_CLOCKRATE )
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A
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.Va struct clockinfo
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structure is returned.
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This structure contains the clock, statistics clock and profiling clock
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frequencies, the number of micro-seconds per hz tick, and the clock
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skew rate.
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.It Li kern.consdev ( KERN_CONSDEV )
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Console device.
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.It Li kern.cp_id ( KERN_CP_ID )
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Mapping of CPU number to CPU id.
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.It Li kern.cp_time ( KERN_CP_TIME )
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Returns an array of CPUSTATES uint64_ts.
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|
This array contains the
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number of clock ticks spent in different CPU states.
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On multi-processor systems, the sum across all CPUs is returned unless
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appropriate space is given for one data set for each CPU.
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Data for a specific CPU can also be obtained by adding the number of the
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CPU at the end of the MIB, enlarging it by one.
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.It Li kern.defcorename ( KERN_DEFCORENAME )
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|
Default template for the name of core dump files (see also
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.Li proc.pid.corename
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in the per-process variables
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.Li proc.* ,
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and
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.Xr core 5
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|
for format of this template).
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The default value is
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.Nm %n.core
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|
and can be changed with the kernel configuration option
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.Cd options DEFCORENAME
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(see
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.Xr options 4
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).
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.It Li kern.domainname ( KERN_DOMAINNAME )
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|
Get or set the YP domain name.
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.It Li kern.dump_on_panic ( KERN_DUMP_ON_PANIC )
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|
Perform a crash dump on system panic.
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|
.It Li kern.drivers ( KERN_DRIVERS )
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|
Return an array of
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.Va struct kinfo_drivers
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|
that contains the name and major device numbers of all the device drivers
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|
in the current kernel.
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|
The
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|
.Va d_name
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|
field is always a NUL terminated string.
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|
The
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.Va d_bmajor
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|
field will be set to \-1 if the driver doesn't have a block device.
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|
.It Li kern.file ( KERN_FILE )
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|
Return the entire file table.
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|
The returned data consists of a single
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|
.Va struct filelist
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|
followed by an array of
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|
.Va struct file ,
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|
whose size depends on the current number of such objects in the system.
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|
.It Li kern.forkfsleep ( KERN_FORKFSLEEP )
|
|
If
|
|
.Xr fork 2
|
|
system call fails due to limit on number of processes (either
|
|
the global maxproc limit or user's one), wait for this many
|
|
milliseconds before returning
|
|
.Er EAGAIN
|
|
error to process.
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|
Useful to keep heavily forking runaway processes in bay.
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|
Default zero (no sleep).
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|
Maximum is 20 seconds.
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|
.It Li kern.fscale ( KERN_FSCALE )
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|
The kernel fixed-point scale factor.
|
|
.It Li kern.fsync ( KERN_FSYNC )
|
|
Return 1 if the POSIX 1003.1b File Synchronization Option is available
|
|
on this system,
|
|
otherwise 0.
|
|
.It Li kern.hardclock_ticks ( KERN_HARDCLOCK_TICKS )
|
|
Returns the number of
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|
.Xr hardclock 9
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|
ticks.
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|
.It Li kern.hostid ( KERN_HOSTID )
|
|
Get or set the host id.
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|
.It Li kern.hostname ( KERN_HOSTNAME )
|
|
Get or set the hostname.
|
|
.It Li kern.iov_max ( KERN_IOV_MAX )
|
|
Return the maximum number of
|
|
.Va iovec
|
|
structures that a process has available for use with
|
|
.Xr preadv 2 ,
|
|
.Xr pwritev 2 ,
|
|
.Xr readv 2 ,
|
|
.Xr recvmsg 2 ,
|
|
.Xr sendmsg 2
|
|
and
|
|
.Xr writev 2 .
|
|
.It Li kern.job_control ( KERN_JOB_CONTROL )
|
|
Return 1 if job control is available on this system, otherwise 0.
|
|
.It Li kern.labeloffset ( KERN_LABELOFFSET )
|
|
The offset within the sector specified by KERN_LABELSECTOR of the
|
|
.Xr disklabel 5 .
|
|
.It Li kern.labelsector ( KERN_LABELSECTOR )
|
|
The sector number containing the
|
|
.Xr disklabel 5 .
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|
.It Li kern.login_name_max ( KERN_LOGIN_NAME_MAX )
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|
The size of the storage required for a login name, in bytes,
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|
including the terminating NUL.
|
|
.It Li kern.logsigexit ( KERN_LOGSIGEXIT )
|
|
If this flag is non-zero, the kernel will
|
|
.Xr log 9
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|
all process exits due to signals which create a
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|
.Xr core 5
|
|
file, and whether the coredump was created.
|
|
.It Li kern.mapped_files ( KERN_MAPPED_FILES )
|
|
Returns 1 if the POSIX 1003.1b Memory Mapped Files Option is available
|
|
on this system,
|
|
otherwise 0.
|
|
.It Li kern.maxfiles ( KERN_MAXFILES )
|
|
The maximum number of open files that may be open in the system.
|
|
.It Li kern.maxpartitions ( KERN_MAXPARTITIONS )
|
|
The maximum number of partitions allowed per disk.
|
|
.It Li kern.maxphys ( KERN_MAXPHYS )
|
|
Maximum raw I/O transfer size.
|
|
.It Li kern.maxproc ( KERN_MAXPROC )
|
|
The maximum number of simultaneous processes the system will allow.
|
|
.It Li kern.maxptys ( KERN_MAXPTYS )
|
|
The maximum number of pseudo terminals.
|
|
This value can be both raised and lowered, though it cannot
|
|
be set lower than number of currently used ptys.
|
|
See also
|
|
.Xr pty 4 .
|
|
.It Li kern.maxvnodes ( KERN_MAXVNODES )
|
|
The maximum number of vnodes available on the system.
|
|
This can only be raised.
|
|
.It Li kern.mbuf ( KERN_MBUF )
|
|
Return information about the mbuf control variables.
|
|
Mbufs are data structures which store network packets and other data
|
|
structures in the networking code, see
|
|
.Xr mbuf 9 .
|
|
The third level names for the mbuf variables are detailed below.
|
|
The changeable column shows whether a process with appropriate
|
|
privilege may change the value.
|
|
.Bl -column "kern.mbuf.nmbclusters" "integer" "Changeable" -offset indent
|
|
.It Sy Third level name Type Changeable
|
|
.\" XXX Changeable? really?
|
|
.It kern.mbuf.mblowat integer yes
|
|
.It kern.mbuf.mclbytes integer yes
|
|
.It kern.mbuf.mcllowat integer yes
|
|
.It kern.mbuf.msize integer yes
|
|
.It kern.mbuf.nmbclusters integer yes
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The variables are as follows:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "123456"
|
|
.It Li kern.mbuf.mblowat ( MBUF_MBLOWAT )
|
|
The mbuf low water mark.
|
|
.It Li kern.mbuf.mclbytes ( MBUF_MCLBYTES )
|
|
The mbuf cluster size.
|
|
.It Li kern.mbuf.mcllowat ( MBUF_MCLLOWAT )
|
|
The mbuf cluster low water mark.
|
|
.It Li kern.mbuf.msize ( MBUF_MSIZE )
|
|
The mbuf base size.
|
|
.It Li kern.mbuf.nmbclusters ( MBUF_NMBCLUSTERS )
|
|
The limit on the number of mbuf clusters.
|
|
The variable can only be increased, and only increased on machines with
|
|
direct-mapped pool pages.
|
|
.El
|
|
.It Li kern.memlock ( KERN_MEMLOCK )
|
|
Returns 1 if the POSIX 1003.1b Process Memory Locking Option is available
|
|
on this system,
|
|
otherwise 0.
|
|
.It Li kern.memlock_range ( KERN_MEMLOCK_RANGE )
|
|
Returns 1 if the POSIX 1003.1b Range Memory Locking Option is available
|
|
on this system,
|
|
otherwise 0.
|
|
.It Li kern.memory_protection ( KERN_MEMORY_PROTECTION )
|
|
Returns 1 if the POSIX 1003.1b Memory Protection Option is available
|
|
on this system,
|
|
otherwise 0.
|
|
.It Li kern.monotonic_clock ( KERN_MONOTONIC_CLOCK )
|
|
Returns the standard version the implementation of the POSIX 1003.1b
|
|
Monotonic Clock Option conforms to,
|
|
otherwise 0.
|
|
.It Li kern.msgbuf ( KERN_MSGBUF )
|
|
The kernel message buffer, rotated so that the head of the circular kernel
|
|
message buffer is at the start of the returned data.
|
|
The returned data may contain NUL bytes.
|
|
.It Li kern.msgbufsize ( KERN_MSGBUFSIZE )
|
|
The maximum number of characters that the kernel message buffer can hold.
|
|
.It Li kern.ngroups ( KERN_NGROUPS )
|
|
The maximum number of supplemental groups.
|
|
.It Li kern.ntptime ( KERN_NTPTIME )
|
|
A
|
|
.Va struct ntptimeval
|
|
structure is returned.
|
|
This structure contains data used by the
|
|
.Xr ntpd 8
|
|
program.
|
|
.It Li kern.osrelease ( KERN_OSRELEASE )
|
|
The system release string.
|
|
.It Li kern.osrevision ( KERN_OSREV )
|
|
The system revision string.
|
|
.It Li kern.ostype ( KERN_OSTYPE )
|
|
The system type string.
|
|
.It Li kern.pipe ( KERN_PIPE )
|
|
Pipe settings.
|
|
The third level names for the integer pipe settings is detailed below.
|
|
The changeable column shows whether a process with appropriate
|
|
privilege may change the value.
|
|
.Bl -column "kern.pipe.maxbigpipes" "integer" "Changeable" -offset indent
|
|
.It Sy Third level name Type Changeable
|
|
.It kern.pipe.kvasiz integer yes
|
|
.It kern.pipe.maxbigpipes integer yes
|
|
.It kern.pipe.maxkvasz integer yes
|
|
.It kern.pipe.limitkva integer yes
|
|
.It kern.pipe.nbigpipes integer yes
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The variables are as follows:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "123456"
|
|
.It Li kern.pipe.kvasiz ( KERN_PIPE_KVASIZ )
|
|
Amount of kernel memory consumed by pipe buffers.
|
|
.It Li kern.pipe.maxbigpipes ( KERN_PIPE_MAXBIGPIPES )
|
|
Maximum number of "big" pipes.
|
|
.It Li kern.pipe.maxkvasz ( KERN_PIPE_MAXKVASZ )
|
|
Maximum amount of kernel memory to be used for pipes.
|
|
.It Li kern.pipe.limitkva ( KERN_PIPE_LIMITKVA )
|
|
Limit for direct transfers via page loan.
|
|
.It Li kern.pipe.nbigpipes ( KERN_PIPE_NBIGPIPES )
|
|
Number of "big" pipes.
|
|
.El
|
|
.It Li kern.posix1version ( KERN_POSIX1 )
|
|
The version of ISO/IEC 9945 (POSIX 1003.1) with which the system
|
|
attempts to comply.
|
|
.It Li kern.posix_barriers ( KERN_POSIX_BARRIERS )
|
|
The version of
|
|
.St -p1003.1
|
|
and its
|
|
Barriers
|
|
option to which the system attempts to conform,
|
|
otherwise 0.
|
|
.It Li kern.posix_reader_writer_locks ( KERN_POSIX_READER_WRITER_LOCKS )
|
|
The version of
|
|
.St -p1003.1
|
|
and its
|
|
Read-Write Locks
|
|
option to which the system attempts to conform,
|
|
otherwise 0.
|
|
.It Li kern.posix_semaphores ( KERN_POSIX_SEMAPHORES )
|
|
The version of
|
|
.St -p1003.1
|
|
and its
|
|
Semaphores
|
|
option to which the system attempts to conform,
|
|
otherwise 0.
|
|
.It Li kern.posix_spin_locks ( KERN_POSIX_SPIN_LOCKS )
|
|
The version of
|
|
.St -p1003.1
|
|
and its
|
|
Spin Locks
|
|
option to which the system attempts to conform,
|
|
otherwise 0.
|
|
.It Li kern.posix_threads ( KERN_POSIX_THREADS )
|
|
The version of
|
|
.St -p1003.1
|
|
and its
|
|
Threads
|
|
option to which the system attempts to conform,
|
|
otherwise 0.
|
|
.It Li kern.posix_timers ( KERN_POSIX_TIMERS )
|
|
The version of
|
|
.St -p1003.1
|
|
and its
|
|
Timers
|
|
option to which the system attempts to conform,
|
|
otherwise 0.
|
|
.It Li kern.proc ( KERN_PROC )
|
|
Return the entire process table, or a subset of it.
|
|
An array of
|
|
.Va struct kinfo_proc
|
|
structures is returned,
|
|
whose size depends on the current number of such objects in the system.
|
|
The third and fourth level numeric names are as follows:
|
|
.Bl -column "KERN_PROC_SESSION" "Fourth level is:" -offset indent
|
|
.It Sy Third level name Fourth level is:
|
|
.It KERN_PROC_ALL None
|
|
.It KERN_PROC_GID A group ID
|
|
.It KERN_PROC_PID A process ID
|
|
.It KERN_PROC_PGRP A process group
|
|
.It KERN_PROC_RGID A real group ID
|
|
.It KERN_PROC_RUID A real user ID
|
|
.It KERN_PROC_SESSION A session ID
|
|
.It KERN_PROC_TTY A tty device
|
|
.It KERN_PROC_UID A user ID
|
|
.El
|
|
.It Li kern.proc2 ( KERN_PROC2 )
|
|
As for KERN_PROC, but an array of
|
|
.Va struct kinfo_proc2
|
|
structures are returned.
|
|
The fifth level name is the size of the
|
|
.Va struct kinfo_proc2
|
|
and the sixth level name is the number of structures to return.
|
|
.It Li kern.proc_args ( KERN_PROC_ARGS )
|
|
Return the argv or environment strings (or the number thereof)
|
|
of a process.
|
|
Multiple strings are returned separated by NUL characters.
|
|
The third level name is the process ID.
|
|
The fourth level name is as follows:
|
|
.Bl -column "KERN_PROG_NARGV" "The number of environ strings" -offset indent
|
|
.It KERN_PROC_ARGV The argv strings
|
|
.It KERN_PROC_ENV The environ strings
|
|
.It KERN_PROC_NARGV The number of argv strings
|
|
.It KERN_PROC_NENV The number of environ strings
|
|
.El
|
|
.It Li kern.profiling ( KERN_PROF )
|
|
Return profiling information about the kernel.
|
|
If the kernel is not compiled for profiling,
|
|
attempts to retrieve any of the KERN_PROF values will
|
|
fail with
|
|
.Er EOPNOTSUPP .
|
|
The third level names for the string and integer profiling information
|
|
is detailed below.
|
|
The changeable column shows whether a process with appropriate
|
|
privilege may change the value.
|
|
.Bl -column "kern.profiling.gmonparam" "struct gmonparam" "Changeable" -offset indent
|
|
.It Sy Third level name Type Changeable
|
|
.It kern.profiling.count u_short[\|] yes
|
|
.It kern.profiling.froms u_short[\|] yes
|
|
.It kern.profiling.gmonparam struct gmonparam no
|
|
.It kern.profiling.state integer yes
|
|
.It kern.profiling.tos struct tostruct yes
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The variables are as follows:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "123456"
|
|
.It Li kern.profiling.count ( GPROF_COUNT )
|
|
Array of statistical program counter counts.
|
|
.It Li kern.profiling.froms ( GPROF_FROMS )
|
|
Array indexed by program counter of call-from points.
|
|
.It Li kern.profiling.gmonparams ( GPROF_GMONPARAM )
|
|
Structure giving the sizes of the above arrays.
|
|
.It Li kern.profiling.state ( GPROF_STATE )
|
|
Profiling state.
|
|
If set to GMON_PROF_ON, starts profiling.
|
|
If set to GMON_PROF_OFF, stops profiling.
|
|
.It Li kern.profiling.tos ( GPROF_TOS )
|
|
Array of
|
|
.Va struct tostruct
|
|
describing destination of calls and their counts.
|
|
.El
|
|
.It Li kern.rawpartition ( KERN_RAWPARTITION )
|
|
The raw partition of a disk (a == 0).
|
|
.It Li kern.root_device ( KERN_ROOT_DEVICE )
|
|
The name of the root device (e.g.,
|
|
.Dq wd0 ) .
|
|
.It Li kern.root_partition ( KERN_ROOT_PARTITION )
|
|
The root partition on the root device (a == 0).
|
|
.It Li kern.rtc_offset ( KERN_RTC_OFFSET )
|
|
Return the offset of real time clock from UTC in minutes.
|
|
.It Li kern.saved_ids ( KERN_SAVED_IDS )
|
|
Returns 1 if saved set-group and saved set-user ID is available.
|
|
.It Li kern.sbmax ( KERN_SBMAX )
|
|
Maximum socket buffer size.
|
|
.\" XXX units?
|
|
.It Li kern.securelevel ( KERN_SECURELVL )
|
|
The system security level.
|
|
This level may be raised by processes with appropriate privilege.
|
|
It may only be lowered by process 1.
|
|
.It Li kern.somaxkva ( KERN_SOMAXKVA )
|
|
Maximum amount of kernel memory to be used for socket buffers.
|
|
.\" XXX units?
|
|
.It Li kern.synchronized_io ( KERN_SYNCHRONIZED_IO )
|
|
Returns 1 if the POSIX 1003.1b Synchronized I/O Option is available
|
|
on this system,
|
|
otherwise 0.
|
|
.It Li kern.ipc ( KERN_SYSVIPC )
|
|
Return information about the SysV IPC parameters.
|
|
The third level names for the ipc variables are detailed below.
|
|
.Bl -column "kern.ipc.shm_use_phys" "integer" "Changeable" -offset indent
|
|
.It Sy Third level name Type Changeable
|
|
.It kern.ipc.sysvmsg integer no
|
|
.It kern.ipc.sysvsem integer no
|
|
.It kern.ipc.sysvshm integer no
|
|
.It kern.ipc.sysvipc_info struct no
|
|
.It kern.ipc.shmmax integer yes
|
|
.It kern.ipc.shmmni integer yes
|
|
.It kern.ipc.shmseg integer yes
|
|
.It kern.ipc.shmmaxpgs integer yes
|
|
.It kern.ipc.shm_use_phys integer yes
|
|
.It kern.ipc.msgmni integer yes
|
|
.It kern.ipc.msgseg integer yes
|
|
.It kern.ipc.semmni integer yes
|
|
.It kern.ipc.semmns integer yes
|
|
.It kern.ipc.semmnu integer yes
|
|
.El
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "123456"
|
|
.It Li kern.ipc.sysvmsg ( KERN_SYSVIPC_MSG )
|
|
Returns 1 if System V style message queue functionality is available
|
|
on this system,
|
|
otherwise 0.
|
|
.It Li kern.ipc.sysvsem ( KERN_SYSVIPC_SEM )
|
|
Returns 1 if System V style semaphore functionality is available
|
|
on this system,
|
|
otherwise 0.
|
|
.It Li kern.ipc.sysvshm ( KERN_SYSVIPC_SHM )
|
|
Returns 1 if System V style share memory functionality is available
|
|
on this system,
|
|
otherwise 0.
|
|
.It Li kern.ipc.sysvipc_info ( KERN_SYSVIPC_INFO )
|
|
Return System V style IPC configuration and run-time information.
|
|
The fourth level name selects the System V style IPC facility.
|
|
.Bl -column "KERN_SYSVIPC_MSG_INFO" "struct shm_sysctl_info" -offset indent
|
|
.It Sy Fourth level name Type
|
|
.It KERN_SYSVIPC_MSG_INFO struct msg_sysctl_info
|
|
.It KERN_SYSVIPC_SEM_INFO struct sem_sysctl_info
|
|
.It KERN_SYSVIPC_SHM_INFO struct shm_sysctl_info
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "123456"
|
|
.It Li KERN_SYSVIPC_MSG_INFO
|
|
Return information on the System V style message facility.
|
|
The
|
|
.Sy msg_sysctl_info
|
|
structure is defined in
|
|
.Aq Pa sys/msg.h .
|
|
.It Li KERN_SYSVIPC_SEM_INFO
|
|
Return information on the System V style semaphore facility.
|
|
The
|
|
.Sy sem_sysctl_info
|
|
structure is defined in
|
|
.Aq Pa sys/sem.h .
|
|
.It Li KERN_SYSVIPC_SHM_INFO
|
|
Return information on the System V style shared memory facility.
|
|
The
|
|
.Sy shm_sysctl_info
|
|
structure is defined in
|
|
.Aq Pa sys/shm.h .
|
|
.El
|
|
.It Li kern.ipc.shmmax ( KERN_SYSVIPC_SHMMAX )
|
|
Max shared memory segment size in bytes.
|
|
.It Li kern.ipc.shmmni ( KERN_SYSVIPC_SHMMNI )
|
|
Max number of shared memory identifiers.
|
|
.It Li kern.ipc.shmseg ( KERN_SYSVIPC_SHMSEG )
|
|
Max shared memory segments per process.
|
|
.It Li kern.ipc.shmmaxpgs ( KERN_SYSVIPC_SHMMAXPGS )
|
|
Max amount of shared memory in pages.
|
|
.It Li kern.ipc.shm_use_phys ( KERN_SYSVIPC_SHMUSEPHYS )
|
|
Locking of shared memory in physical memory.
|
|
If 0, memory can be swapped
|
|
out, otherwise it will be locked in physical memory.
|
|
.It Li kern.ipc.msgmni
|
|
Max number of message queue identifiers.
|
|
.It Li kern.ipc.msgseg
|
|
Max number of number of message segments.
|
|
.It Li kern.ipc.semmni
|
|
Max number of number of semaphore identifiers.
|
|
.It Li kern.ipc.semmns
|
|
Max number of number of semaphores in system.
|
|
.It Li kern.ipc.semmnu
|
|
Max number of undo structures in system.
|
|
.El
|
|
.It Li kern.timecounter ( dynamic )
|
|
Display and control the timecounter source of the system.
|
|
.Bl -column "kern.timecounter.timestepwarnings" "integer" "Changeable" -offset indent
|
|
.It Sy Third level name Type Changeable
|
|
.It kern.timecounter.choice string no
|
|
.It kern.timecounter.hardware string yes
|
|
.It kern.timecounter.timestepwarnings integer yes
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The variables are as follows:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "123456"
|
|
.It Li kern.timecounter.choice ( dynamic )
|
|
The list of available timecounters with their quality and frequency.
|
|
.It Li kern.timecounter.hardware ( dynamic )
|
|
The currently selected timecounter source.
|
|
.It Li kern.timecounter.timestepwarnings ( dynamic )
|
|
If non-zero display a message each time the time is stepped.
|
|
.El
|
|
.It Li kern.timex ( KERN_TIMEX )
|
|
Not available.
|
|
.It Li kern.tkstat ( KERN_TKSTAT )
|
|
Return information about the number of characters sent and received
|
|
on ttys.
|
|
The third level names for the tty statistic variables are detailed below.
|
|
The changeable column shows whether a process
|
|
with appropriate privilege may change the value.
|
|
.Bl -column "kern.tkstat.cancc" "quad" "Changeable" -offset indent
|
|
.It Sy Third level name Type Changeable
|
|
.It kern.tkstat.cancc quad no
|
|
.It kern.tkstat.nin quad no
|
|
.It kern.tkstat.nout quad no
|
|
.It kern.tkstat.rawcc quad no
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The variables are as follows:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "123456"
|
|
.It Li kern.tkstat.cancc ( KERN_TKSTAT_CANCC )
|
|
The number of canonical input characters.
|
|
.It Li kern.tkstat.nin ( KERN_TKSTAT_NIN )
|
|
The total number of input characters.
|
|
.It Li kern.tkstat.nout ( KERN_TKSTAT_NOUT )
|
|
The total number of output characters.
|
|
.It Li kern.tkstat.rawcc ( KERN_TKSTAT_RAWCC )
|
|
The number of raw input characters.
|
|
.El
|
|
.It Li kern.urandom ( KERN_URND )
|
|
Random integer value.
|
|
.It Li kern.veriexec
|
|
Tunings for Verixec.
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "123456"
|
|
.It Li kern.veriexec.algorithms
|
|
Returns a string with the supported algorithms in Veriexec.
|
|
.It Li kern.veriexec.count
|
|
Sub-nodes are added to this node as new mounts are monitored by Veriexec.
|
|
Each mount will be under its own
|
|
.No tableN
|
|
node.
|
|
Under each node there will be three variables, indicating the mount
|
|
point, the file-system type, and the number of entries.
|
|
.It Li kern.veriexec.strict
|
|
Controls the strict level of Veriexec.
|
|
See
|
|
.Xr security 8
|
|
for more information on each level's implications.
|
|
.It Li kern.veriexec.verbose
|
|
Controls the verbosity level of Veriexec.
|
|
If 0, only the minimal
|
|
indication required will be given about what's happening - fingerprint
|
|
mismatches, removal of entries from the tables, modification of a
|
|
fingerprinted file.
|
|
If 1, more messages will be printed (ie., when a file with a valid
|
|
fingerprint is accessed).
|
|
Verbose level 2 is debug mode.
|
|
.El
|
|
.It Li kern.version ( KERN_VERSION )
|
|
The system version string.
|
|
.It Li kern.vnode ( KERN_VNODE )
|
|
Return the entire vnode table.
|
|
Note, the vnode table is not necessarily a consistent snapshot of
|
|
the system.
|
|
The returned data consists of an array whose size depends on the
|
|
current number of such objects in the system.
|
|
Each element of the array contains the kernel address of a vnode
|
|
.Va struct vnode *
|
|
followed by the vnode itself
|
|
.Va struct vnode .
|
|
.It Li kern.coredump.setid
|
|
Settings related to set-id processes coredumps.
|
|
By default, set-id processes do not dump core in situations where
|
|
other processes would.
|
|
The settings in this node allows an administrator to change this
|
|
behavior.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "123456"
|
|
.It Li kern.coredump.setid.dump
|
|
If non-zero, set-id processes will dump core.
|
|
.It Li kern.coredump.setid.group
|
|
The group-id for the set-id processes' coredump.
|
|
.It Li kern.coredump.setid.mode
|
|
The mode for the set-id processes' coredump.
|
|
See
|
|
.Xr chmod 1 .
|
|
.It Li kern.coredump.setid.owner
|
|
The user-id that will be used as the owner of the set-id processes'
|
|
coredump.
|
|
.It Li kern.coredump.setid.path
|
|
The path to which set-id processes' coredumps will be saved to.
|
|
Same syntax as kern.defcorename.
|
|
.El
|
|
.\" XXX kern.lwp
|
|
.El
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.Sh The machdep.* subtree
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The set of variables defined is architecture dependent.
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Most architectures define at least the following variables.
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.Bl -column "Second level name" "Type" "Changeable" -offset indent
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.It Sy Second level name Type Changeable
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.It Li CPU_CONSDEV dev_t no
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.El
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.Sh The net.* subtree
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The string and integer information available for the
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.Li net
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level is detailed below.
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The changeable column shows whether a process with appropriate
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privilege may change the value.
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The second and third levels are typically the protocol family and
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protocol number, though this is not always the case.
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.Bl -column "Second level name" "IPsec key management values" "Changeable" -offset indent
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.It Sy Second level name Type Changeable
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.It net.route routing messages no
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.It net.inet IPv4 values yes
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.It net.inet6 IPv6 values yes
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.It net.key IPsec key management values yes
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.El
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width "123456"
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.It Li net.route ( PF_ROUTE )
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.\" XXX really?
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Return the entire routing table or a subset of it.
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The data is returned as a sequence of routing messages (see
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.Xr route 4
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for the header file, format and meaning).
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The length of each message is contained in the message header.
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.Pp
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The third level name is a protocol number, which is currently always 0.
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The fourth level name is an address family, which may be set to 0 to
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select all address families.
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The fifth and sixth level names are as follows:
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.Bl -column "Fifth level name" "Sixth level is:" -offset indent
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.It Sy Fifth level name Sixth level is:
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.It NET_RT_FLAGS rtflags
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.It NET_RT_DUMP None
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.It NET_RT_IFLIST None
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.El
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.It Li net.inet ( PF_INET )
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Get or set various global information about the IPv4
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.Pq Internet Protocol version 4 .
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The third level name is the protocol.
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The fourth level name is the variable name.
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The currently defined protocols and names are:
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.Bl -column "Protocol name" "sack.globalmaxholes" "integer" "Changeable" -offset 4n
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.It Sy Protocol name Variable name Type Changeable
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.It arp down integer yes
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.It arp keep integer yes
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.It arp prune integer yes
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.It arp refresh integer yes
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.It carp allow integer yes
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.It carp preempt integer yes
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.It carp log integer yes
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.It carp arpbalance integer yes
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.It icmp errppslimit integer yes
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.It icmp maskrepl integer yes
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.It icmp rediraccept integer yes
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.It icmp redirtimeout integer yes
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.It ip allowsrcrt integer yes
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.It ip anonportmax integer yes
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.It ip anonportmin integer yes
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.It ip checkinterface integer yes
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.It ip directed-broadcast integer yes
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.It ip do_loopback_cksum integer yes
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.It ip forwarding integer yes
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.It ip forwsrcrt integer yes
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.It ip gifttl integer yes
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.It ip grettl integer yes
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.It ip hashsize integer yes
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.It ip hostzerobroadcast integer yes
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.It ip lowportmin integer yes
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.It ip lowportmax integer yes
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.It ip maxflows integer yes
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.It ip maxfragpackets integer yes
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.It ip mtudisc integer yes
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.It ip mtudisctimeout integer yes
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.It ip random_id integer yes
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.It ip redirect integer yes
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.It ip subnetsarelocal integer yes
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.It ip ttl integer yes
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.It tcp rfc1323 integer yes
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.It tcp sendspace integer yes
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.It tcp recvspace integer yes
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.It tcp mssdflt integer yes
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.It tcp syn_cache_limit integer yes
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.It tcp syn_bucket_limit integer yes
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.It tcp syn_cache_interval integer yes
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.It tcp init_win integer yes
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.It tcp init_win_local integer yes
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.It tcp mss_ifmtu integer yes
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.It tcp win_scale integer yes
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.It tcp timestamps integer yes
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.It tcp compat_42 integer yes
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.It tcp cwm integer yes
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.It tcp cwm_burstsize integer yes
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.It tcp ack_on_push integer yes
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.It tcp keepidle integer yes
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.It tcp keepintvl integer yes
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.It tcp keepcnt integer yes
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.It tcp slowhz integer no
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.It tcp keepinit integer yes
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.It tcp log_refused integer yes
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.It tcp rstppslimit integer yes
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.It tcp ident struct no
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.It tcp drop struct no
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.It tcp sack.enable integer yes
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.It tcp sack.globalholes integer no
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.It tcp sack.globalmaxholes integer yes
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.It tcp sack.maxholes integer yes
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.It tcp ecn.enable integer yes
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.It tcp ecn.maxretries integer yes
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.It tcp congctl.selected string yes
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.It tcp congctl.available string yes
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.It tcp abc.enable integer yes
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.It tcp abc.aggressive integer yes
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.It udp checksum integer yes
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.It udp do_loopback_cksum integer yes
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.It udp recvspace integer yes
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.It udp sendspace integer yes
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.El
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.Pp
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The variables are as follows:
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.Bl -tag -width "123456"
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.It Li arp.down
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Failed ARP entry lifetime.
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.It Li arp.keep
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Valid ARP entry lifetime.
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.It Li arp.prune
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ARP cache pruning interval.
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.It Li arp.refresh
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ARP entry refresh interval.
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.It Li carp.allow
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If set to 0, incoming
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.Xr carp 4
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packets will not be processed.
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If set to any other value, processing will occur.
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Enabled by default.
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.It Li carp.arpbalance
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If set to any value other than 0, the ARP balancing functionality of
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.Xr carp 4
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is enabled.
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When ARP requests are received for an IP address which is part of any virtual
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host, carp will hash the source IP in the ARP request to select one of the
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virtual hosts from the set of all the virtual hosts which have that IP address.
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The master of that host will respond with the correct virtual MAC address.
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Disabled by default.
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.It Li carp.log
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If set to any value other than 0,
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.Xr carp 4
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will log errors.
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Disabled by default.
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.It Li carp.preempt
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If set to 0,
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.Xr carp 4
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will not attempt to become master if it is receiving advertisements from
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another active master.
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If set to any other value, carp will become master of the virtual host if it
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believes it can send advertisements more frequently than the current master.
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Disabled by default.
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.It Li ip.allowsrcrt
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If set to 1, the host accepts source routed packets.
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.It Li ip.anonportmax
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The highest port number to use for TCP and UDP ephemeral port allocation.
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This cannot be set to less than 1024 or greater than 65535, and must
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be greater than
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.Li ip.anonportmin .
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.It Li ip.anonportmin
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The lowest port number to use for TCP and UDP ephemeral port allocation.
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This cannot be set to less than 1024 or greater than 65535.
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.It Li ip.checkinterface
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If set to non-zero, the host will reject packets addressed to it
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that arrive on an interface not bound to that address.
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Currently, this must be disabled if ipnat is used to translate the
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destination address to another local interface, or if addresses
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are added to the loopback interface instead of the interface where
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the packets for those packets are received.
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.It Li ip.directed-broadcast
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If set to 1, enables directed broadcast behavior for the host.
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.It Li ip.do_loopback_cksum
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Perform IP checksum on loopback.
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.It Li ip.forwarding
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If set to 1, enables IP forwarding for the host,
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meaning that the host is acting as a router.
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.It Li ip.forwsrcrt
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If set to 1, enables forwarding of source-routed packets for the host.
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This value may only be changed if the kernel security level is less than 1.
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.It Li ip.gifttl
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The maximum time-to-live (hop count) value for an IPv4 packet generated by
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.Xr gif 4
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tunnel interface.
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.It Li ip.grettl
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The maximum time-to-live (hop count) value for an IPv4 packet generated by
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.Xr gre 4
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tunnel interface.
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.It Li ip.hashsize
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The size of IPv4 Fast Forward hash table.
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This value must be a power of 2 (64, 256...).
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A larger hash table size results in fewer collisions.
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Also see
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.Li ip.maxflows .
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.It Li ip.hostzerobroadcast
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All zeroes address is broadcast address.
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.It Li ip.lowportmax
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The highest port number to use for TCP and UDP reserved port allocation.
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This cannot be set to less than 0 or greater than 1024, and must
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be greater than
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.Li ip.lowportmin .
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.It Li ip.lowportmin
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The lowest port number to use for TCP and UDP reserved port allocation.
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This cannot be set to less than 0 or greater than 1024, and must
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be smaller than
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.Li ip.lowportmax .
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.It Li ip.maxflows
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IPv4 Fast Forwarding is enabled by default.
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If set to 0, IPv4 Fast Forwarding is disabled.
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.Li ip.maxflows
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controls the maximum amount of flows which can be created.
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The default value is 256.
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.It Li ip.maxfragpackets
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The maximum number of fragmented packets the node will accept.
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0 means that the node will not accept any fragmented packets.
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\-1 means that the node will accept as many fragmented packets as it receives.
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The flag is provided basically for avoiding possible DoS attacks.
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.It Li ip.mtudisc
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If set to 1, enables Path MTU Discovery (RFC 1191).
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When Path MTU Discovery is enabled, the transmitted TCP segment
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size will be determined by the advertised maximum segment size
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(MSS) from the remote end, as constrained by the path MTU.
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If MTU Discovery is disabled, the transmitted segment size will
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never be greater than
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.Li tcp.mssdflt
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(the local maximum segment size).
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.It Li ip.mtudisctimeout
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The number of seconds in which a route added by the Path MTU
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Discovery engine will time out.
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When the route times out, the Path
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MTU Discovery engine will attempt to probe a larger path MTU.
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.It Li ip.random_id
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Assign random ip_id values.
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.It Li ip.redirect
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If set to 1, ICMP redirects may be sent by the host.
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This option is ignored unless the host is routing IP packets,
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and should normally be enabled on all systems.
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.It Li ip.subnetsarelocal
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If set to 1, subnets are to be considered local addresses.
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.It Li ip.ttl
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The maximum time-to-live (hop count) value for an IP packet sourced by
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the system.
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This value applies to normal transport protocols, not to ICMP.
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.It Li icmp.errppslimit
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The variable specifies the maximum number of outgoing ICMP error messages,
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per second.
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ICMP error messages that exceeded the value are subject to rate limitation
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and will not go out from the node.
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Negative value disables rate limitation.
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.It Li icmp.maskrepl
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If set to 1, ICMP network mask requests are to be answered.
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.It Li icmp.rediraccept
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If set to non-zero, the host will accept ICMP redirect packets.
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Note that routers will never accept ICMP redirect packets,
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and the variable is meaningful on IP hosts only.
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.It Li icmp.redirtimeout
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The variable specifies lifetime of routing entries generated by incoming
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ICMP redirect.
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This defaults to 600 seconds.
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.It Li icmp.returndatabytes
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Number of bytes to return in an ICMP error message.
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|
.It Li tcp.ack_on_push
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If set to 1, TCP is to immediately transmit an ACK upon reception of
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a packet with PUSH set.
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This can avoid losing a round trip time in some rare situations,
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but has the caveat of potentially defeating TCP's delayed ACK algorithm.
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Use of this option is generally not recommended, but
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the variable exists in case your configuration really needs it.
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.It Li tcp.compat_42
|
|
If set to 1, enables work-arounds for bugs in the 4.2BSD TCP implementation.
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|
Use of this option is not recommended, although it may be
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|
required in order to communicate with extremely old TCP implementations.
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.It Li tcp.cwm
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If set to 1, enables use of the Hughes/Touch/Heidemann Congestion Window
|
|
Monitoring algorithm.
|
|
This algorithm prevents line-rate bursts of packets that could
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otherwise occur when data begins flowing on an idle TCP connection.
|
|
These line-rate bursts can contribute to network and router congestion.
|
|
This can be particularly useful on World Wide Web servers
|
|
which support HTTP/1.1, which has lingering connections.
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|
.It Li tcp.cwm_burstsize
|
|
The Congestion Window Monitoring allowed burst size, in terms
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of packet count.
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|
.It Li tcp.delack_ticks
|
|
Number of ticks to delay sending an ACK.
|
|
.It Li tcp.do_loopback_cksum
|
|
Perform TCP checksum on loopback.
|
|
.It Li tcp.init_win
|
|
A value indicating the TCP initial congestion window.
|
|
If this value is 0, an auto-tuning algorithm designed to use an initial
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window of approximately 4K bytes is in use.
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|
Otherwise, this value indicates a fixed number of packets.
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|
.It Li tcp.init_win_local
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|
Like
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|
.Li tcp.init_win ,
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|
but used when communicating with hosts on a local network.
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.It Li tcp.keepcnt
|
|
Number of keepalive probes sent before declaring a connection dead.
|
|
If set to zero, there is no limit;
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|
keepalives will be sent until some kind of
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response is received from the peer.
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|
.It Li tcp.keepidle
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|
Time a connection must be idle before keepalives are sent (if keepalives
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are enabled for the connection).
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See also tcp.slowhz.
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|
.It Li tcp.keepintvl
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|
Time after a keepalive probe is sent until, in the absence of any response,
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|
another probe is sent.
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|
See also tcp.slowhz.
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|
.It Li tcp.log_refused
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|
If set to 1, refused TCP connections to the host will be logged.
|
|
.It Li tcp.keepinit
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|
Timeout in seconds during connection establishment.
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|
.It Li tcp.mss_ifmtu
|
|
If set to 1, TCP calculates the outgoing maximum segment size based on
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|
the MTU of the appropriate interface.
|
|
If set to 0, it is calculated based on the greater of the MTU of the
|
|
interface, and the largest (non-loopback) interface MTU on the system.
|
|
.It Li tcp.mssdflt
|
|
The default maximum segment size both advertised to the peer
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|
and to use when either the peer does not advertise a maximum segment size to
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|
us during connection setup or Path MTU Discovery
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|
.Li ( ip.mtudisc )
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|
is disabled.
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|
Do not change this value unless you really know what you are doing.
|
|
.It Li tcp.recvspace
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|
The default TCP receive buffer size.
|
|
.It Li tcp.rfc1323
|
|
If set to 1, enables RFC 1323 extensions to TCP.
|
|
.It Li tcp.rstppslimit
|
|
The variable specifies the maximum number of outgoing TCP RST packets,
|
|
per second.
|
|
TCP RST packet that exceeded the value are subject to rate limitation
|
|
and will not go out from the node.
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|
Negative value disables rate limitation.
|
|
.It Li tcp.ident
|
|
Return the user ID of a connected socket pair.
|
|
(RFC1413 Identification Protocol lookups.)
|
|
.It Li tcp.drop
|
|
Drop a TCP socket pair connection.
|
|
.It Li tcp.sack.enable
|
|
If set to 1, enables RFC 2018 Selective ACKnowledgement.
|
|
.It Li tcp.sack.globalholes
|
|
Global number of TCP SACK holes.
|
|
.It Li tcp.sack.globalmaxholes
|
|
Global maximum number of TCP SACK holes.
|
|
.It Li tcp.sack.maxholes
|
|
Maximum number of TCP SACK holes allowed per connection.
|
|
.It Li tcp.ecn.enable
|
|
If set to 1, enables RFC 3168 Explicit Congestion Notification.
|
|
.It Li tcp.ecn.maxretries
|
|
Number of times to retry sending the ECN-setup packet.
|
|
.It Li tcp.sendspace
|
|
The default TCP send buffer size.
|
|
.It Li tcp.slowhz
|
|
The units for tcp.keepidle and tcp.keepintvl; those variables are in ticks
|
|
of a clock that ticks tcp.slowhz times per second.
|
|
(That is, their values
|
|
must be divided by the tcp.slowhz value to get times in seconds.)
|
|
.It Li tcp.syn_bucket_limit
|
|
The maximum number of entries allowed per hash bucket in the TCP
|
|
compressed state engine.
|
|
.It Li tcp.syn_cache_limit
|
|
The maximum number of entries allowed in the TCP compressed state
|
|
engine.
|
|
.It Li tcp.timestamps
|
|
If rfc1323 is enabled, a value of 1 indicates RFC 1323 time stamp options,
|
|
used for measuring TCP round trip times, are enabled.
|
|
.It Li tcp.win_scale
|
|
If rfc1323 is enabled, a value of 1 indicates RFC 1323 window scale options,
|
|
for increasing the TCP window size, are enabled.
|
|
.It Li tcp.congctl.available
|
|
The available TCP congestion control algorithms.
|
|
.It Li tcp.congctl.selected
|
|
The currently selected TCP congestion control algorithm.
|
|
.It Li tcp.abc.enable
|
|
If set to 1, use RFC 3465 Appropriate Byte Counting (ABC).
|
|
If set to 0, use traditional Packet Counting.
|
|
.It Li tcp.abc.aggressive
|
|
Choose the L parameter found in RFC 3465.
|
|
L is the maximum cwnd increase for an ack during slow start.
|
|
If set to 1, use L=2*SMSS.
|
|
If set to 0, use L=1*SMSS.
|
|
It has no effect unless tcp.abc.enable is set to 1.
|
|
.It Li udp.checksum
|
|
If set to 1, UDP checksums are being computed.
|
|
Received non-zero UDP checksums are always checked.
|
|
Disabling UDP checksums is strongly discouraged.
|
|
.It Li udp.sendspace
|
|
The default UDP send buffer size.
|
|
.It Li udp.recvspace
|
|
The default UDP receive buffer size.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
For variables net.*.ipsec, please refer to
|
|
.Xr ipsec 4 .
|
|
.It Li net.inet6 ( PF_INET6 )
|
|
Get or set various global information about the IPv6
|
|
.Pq Internet Protocol version 6 .
|
|
The third level name is the protocol.
|
|
The fourth level name is the variable name.
|
|
The currently defined protocols and names are:
|
|
.Bl -column "Protocol name" "do_loopback_cksum" "integer" "Changeable" -offset indent
|
|
.It Sy Protocol name Variable name Type Changeable
|
|
.It icmp6 errppslimit integer yes
|
|
.It icmp6 mtudisc_hiwat integer yes
|
|
.It icmp6 mtudisc_lowat integer yes
|
|
.It icmp6 nd6_debug integer yes
|
|
.It icmp6 nd6_delay integer yes
|
|
.It icmp6 nd6_maxnudhint integer yes
|
|
.It icmp6 nd6_mmaxtries integer yes
|
|
.It icmp6 nd6_prune integer yes
|
|
.It icmp6 nd6_umaxtries integer yes
|
|
.It icmp6 nd6_useloopback integer yes
|
|
.It icmp6 nodeinfo integer yes
|
|
.It icmp6 rediraccept integer yes
|
|
.It icmp6 redirtimeout integer yes
|
|
.It ip6 accept_rtadv integer yes
|
|
.It ip6 anonportmax integer yes
|
|
.It ip6 anonportmin integer yes
|
|
.It ip6 auto_flowlabel integer yes
|
|
.It ip6 dad_count integer yes
|
|
.It ip6 defmcasthlim integer yes
|
|
.It ip6 forwarding integer yes
|
|
.It ip6 gifhlim integer yes
|
|
.It ip6 hashsize integer yes
|
|
.It ip6 hlim integer yes
|
|
.It ip6 hdrnestlimit integer yes
|
|
.It ip6 kame_version string no
|
|
.It ip6 keepfaith integer yes
|
|
.It ip6 log_interval integer yes
|
|
.It ip6 lowportmax integer yes
|
|
.It ip6 lowportmin integer yes
|
|
.It ip6 maxflows integer yes
|
|
.It ip6 maxfragpackets integer yes
|
|
.It ip6 maxfrags integer yes
|
|
.It ip6 redirect integer yes
|
|
.It ip6 rr_prune integer yes
|
|
.It ip6 use_deprecated integer yes
|
|
.It ip6 v6only integer yes
|
|
.It udp6 do_loopback_cksum integer yes
|
|
.It udp6 recvspace integer yes
|
|
.It udp6 sendspace integer yes
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The variables are as follows:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "123456"
|
|
.It Li ip6.accept_rtadv
|
|
If set to non-zero, the node will accept ICMPv6 router advertisement packets
|
|
and autoconfigures address prefixes and default routers.
|
|
The node must be a host
|
|
.Pq not a router
|
|
for the option to be meaningful.
|
|
.It Li ip6.anonportmax
|
|
The highest port number to use for TCP and UDP ephemeral port allocation.
|
|
This cannot be set to less than 1024 or greater than 65535, and must
|
|
be greater than
|
|
.Li ip6.anonportmin .
|
|
.It Li ip6.anonportmin
|
|
The lowest port number to use for TCP and UDP ephemeral port allocation.
|
|
This cannot be set to less than 1024 or greater than 65535.
|
|
.It Li ip6.auto_flowlabel
|
|
On connected transport protocol packets,
|
|
fill IPv6 flowlabel field to help intermediate routers to identify packet flows.
|
|
.It Li ip6.dad_count
|
|
The variable configures number of IPv6 DAD
|
|
.Pq duplicated address detection
|
|
probe packets.
|
|
The packets will be generated when IPv6 interface addresses are configured.
|
|
.It Li ip6.defmcasthlim
|
|
The default hop limit value for an IPv6 multicast packet sourced by the node.
|
|
This value applies to all the transport protocols on top of IPv6.
|
|
There are APIs to override the value, as documented in
|
|
.Xr ip6 4 .
|
|
.It Li ip6.forwarding
|
|
If set to 1, enables IPv6 forwarding for the node,
|
|
meaning that the node is acting as a router.
|
|
If set to 0, disables IPv6 forwarding for the node,
|
|
meaning that the node is acting as a host.
|
|
IPv6 specification defines node behavior for
|
|
.Dq router
|
|
case and
|
|
.Dq host
|
|
case quite differently, and changing this variable during operation
|
|
may cause serious trouble.
|
|
It is recommended to configure the variable at bootstrap time,
|
|
and bootstrap time only.
|
|
.It Li ip6.gifhlim
|
|
The maximum hop limit value for an IPv6 packet generated by
|
|
.Xr gif 4
|
|
tunnel interface.
|
|
.It Li ip6.hdrnestlimit
|
|
The number of IPv6 extension headers permitted on incoming IPv6 packets.
|
|
If set to 0, the node will accept as many extension headers as possible.
|
|
.It Li ip6.hashsize
|
|
The size of IPv6 Fast Forward hash table.
|
|
This value must be a power of 2 (64, 256...).
|
|
A larger hash table size results in fewer collisions.
|
|
Also see
|
|
.Li ip6.maxflows .
|
|
.It Li ip6.hlim
|
|
The default hop limit value for an IPv6 unicast packet sourced by the node.
|
|
This value applies to all the transport protocols on top of IPv6.
|
|
There are APIs to override the value, as documented in
|
|
.Xr ip6 4 .
|
|
.It Li ip6.kame_version
|
|
The string identifies the version of KAME IPv6 stack implemented in the kernel.
|
|
.It Li ip6.keepfaith
|
|
If set to non-zero, it enables
|
|
.Dq FAITH
|
|
TCP relay IPv6-to-IPv4 translator code in the kernel.
|
|
Refer
|
|
.Xr faith 4
|
|
and
|
|
.Xr faithd 8
|
|
for detail.
|
|
.It Li ip6.log_interval
|
|
The variable controls amount of logs generated by IPv6 packet
|
|
forwarding engine, by setting interval between log output
|
|
.Pq in seconds .
|
|
.It Li ip6.lowportmax
|
|
The highest port number to use for TCP and UDP reserved port allocation.
|
|
This cannot be set to less than 0 or greater than 1024, and must
|
|
be greater than
|
|
.Li ip6.lowportmin .
|
|
.It Li ip6.lowportmin
|
|
The lowest port number to use for TCP and UDP reserved port allocation.
|
|
This cannot be set to less than 0 or greater than 1024, and must
|
|
be smaller than
|
|
.Li ip6.lowportmax .
|
|
.It Li ip6.maxflows
|
|
IPv6 Fast Forwarding is enabled by default.
|
|
If set to 0, IPv6 Fast Forwarding is disabled.
|
|
.Li ip6.maxflows
|
|
controls the maximum amount of flows which can be created.
|
|
The default value is 256.
|
|
.It Li ip6.maxfragpackets
|
|
The maximum number of fragmented packets the node will accept.
|
|
0 means that the node will not accept any fragmented packets.
|
|
\-1 means that the node will accept as many fragmented packets as it receives.
|
|
The flag is provided basically for avoiding possible DoS attacks.
|
|
.It Li ip6.maxfrags
|
|
The maximum number of fragments the node will accept.
|
|
0 means that the node will not accept any fragments.
|
|
\-1 means that the node will accept as many fragments as it receives.
|
|
The flag is provided basically for avoiding possible DoS attacks.
|
|
.It Li ip6.redirect
|
|
If set to 1, ICMPv6 redirects may be sent by the node.
|
|
This option is ignored unless the node is routing IP packets,
|
|
and should normally be enabled on all systems.
|
|
.It Li ip6.rr_prune
|
|
The variable specifies interval between IPv6 router renumbering prefix
|
|
babysitting, in seconds.
|
|
.It Li ip6.use_deprecated
|
|
The variable controls use of deprecated address, specified in RFC 2462 5.5.4.
|
|
.It Li ip6.v6only
|
|
The variable specifies initial value for
|
|
.Dv IPV6_V6ONLY
|
|
socket option for
|
|
.Dv AF_INET6
|
|
socket.
|
|
Please refer to
|
|
.Xr ip6 4
|
|
for detail.
|
|
.It Li icmp6.errppslimit
|
|
The variable specifies the maximum number of outgoing ICMPv6 error messages,
|
|
per second.
|
|
ICMPv6 error messages that exceeded the value are subject to rate limitation
|
|
and will not go out from the node.
|
|
Negative value disables rate limitation.
|
|
.It Li icmp6.mtudisc_hiwat
|
|
.It Li icmp6.mtudisc_lowat
|
|
The variables define the maximum number of routing table entries,
|
|
created due to path MTU discovery
|
|
.Pq prevents denial-of-service attacks with ICMPv6 too big messages .
|
|
When IPv6 path MTU discovery happens, we keep path MTU information into
|
|
the routing table.
|
|
If the number of routing table entries exceed the value,
|
|
the kernel will not attempt to keep the path MTU information.
|
|
.Li icmp6.mtudisc_hiwat
|
|
is used when we have verified ICMPv6 too big messages.
|
|
.Li icmp6.mtudisc_lowat
|
|
is used when we have unverified ICMPv6 too big messages.
|
|
Verification is performed by using address/port pairs kept in connected pcbs.
|
|
Negative value disables the upper limit.
|
|
.It Li icmp6.nd6_debug
|
|
If set to non-zero, kernel IPv6 neighbor discovery code will generate
|
|
debugging messages.
|
|
The debug outputs are useful to diagnose IPv6 interoperability issues.
|
|
The flag must be set to 0 for normal operation.
|
|
.It Li icmp6.nd6_delay
|
|
The variable specifies
|
|
.Dv DELAY_FIRST_PROBE_TIME
|
|
timing constant in IPv6 neighbor discovery specification
|
|
.Pq RFC 2461 ,
|
|
in seconds.
|
|
.It Li icmp6.nd6_maxnudhint
|
|
IPv6 neighbor discovery permits upper layer protocols to supply reachability
|
|
hints, to avoid unnecessary neighbor discovery exchanges.
|
|
The variable defines the number of consecutive hints the neighbor discovery
|
|
layer will take.
|
|
For example, by setting the variable to 3, neighbor discovery layer
|
|
will take 3 consecutive hints in maximum.
|
|
After receiving 3 hints, neighbor discovery layer will perform
|
|
normal neighbor discovery process.
|
|
.It Li icmp6.nd6_mmaxtries
|
|
The variable specifies
|
|
.Dv MAX_MULTICAST_SOLICIT
|
|
constant in IPv6 neighbor discovery specification
|
|
.Pq RFC 2461 .
|
|
.It Li icmp6.nd6_prune
|
|
The variable specifies interval between IPv6 neighbor cache babysitting,
|
|
in seconds.
|
|
.It Li icmp6.nd6_umaxtries
|
|
The variable specifies
|
|
.Dv MAX_UNICAST_SOLICIT
|
|
constant in IPv6 neighbor discovery specification
|
|
.Pq RFC 2461 .
|
|
.It Li icmp6.nd6_useloopback
|
|
If set to non-zero, kernel IPv6 stack will use loopback interface for
|
|
local traffic.
|
|
.It Li icmp6.nodeinfo
|
|
The variable enables responses to ICMPv6 node information queries.
|
|
If you set the variable to 0, responses will not be generated for
|
|
ICMPv6 node information queries.
|
|
Since node information queries can have a security impact, it is
|
|
possible to fine tune which responses should be answered.
|
|
Two separate bits can be set.
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "12345"
|
|
.It 1
|
|
Respond to ICMPv6 FQDN queries, e.g.
|
|
.Li ping6 -w .
|
|
.It 2
|
|
Respond to ICMPv6 node addresses queries, e.g.
|
|
.Li ping6 -a .
|
|
.El
|
|
.It Li icmp6.rediraccept
|
|
If set to non-zero, the host will accept ICMPv6 redirect packets.
|
|
Note that IPv6 routers will never accept ICMPv6 redirect packets,
|
|
and the variable is meaningful on IPv6 hosts
|
|
.Pq non-router
|
|
only.
|
|
.It Li icmp6.redirtimeout
|
|
The variable specifies lifetime of routing entries generated by incoming
|
|
ICMPv6 redirect.
|
|
.It Li udp6.do_loopback_cksum
|
|
Perform UDP checksum on loopback.
|
|
.It Li udp6.recvspace
|
|
Default UDP receive buffer size.
|
|
.It Li udp6.sendspace
|
|
Default UDP send buffer size.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
We reuse net.*.tcp for
|
|
.Tn TCP
|
|
over
|
|
.Tn IPv6 ,
|
|
and therefore we do not have variables net.*.tcp6.
|
|
Variables net.inet6.udp6 have identical meaning to net.inet.udp.
|
|
Please refer to
|
|
.Li PF_INET
|
|
section above.
|
|
For variables net.*.ipsec6, please refer to
|
|
.Xr ipsec 4 .
|
|
.It Li net.key ( PF_KEY )
|
|
Get or set various global information about the IPsec key management.
|
|
The third level name is the variable name.
|
|
The currently defined variable and names are:
|
|
.Bl -column "blockacq_lifetime" "integer" "Changeable" -offset indent
|
|
.It Sy Variable name Type Changeable
|
|
.It debug integer yes
|
|
.It spi_try integer yes
|
|
.It spi_min_value integer yes
|
|
.It spi_max_value integer yes
|
|
.It larval_lifetime integer yes
|
|
.It blockacq_count integer yes
|
|
.It blockacq_lifetime integer yes
|
|
.It esp_keymin integer yes
|
|
.It esp_auth integer yes
|
|
.It ah_keymin integer yes
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The variables are as follows:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "123456"
|
|
.It Li debug
|
|
Turn on debugging message from within the kernel.
|
|
The value is a bitmap, as defined in
|
|
.Pa /usr/include/netkey/key_debug.h .
|
|
.It Li spi_try
|
|
The number of times the kernel will try to obtain an unique SPI
|
|
when it generates it from random number generator.
|
|
.It Li spi_min_value
|
|
Minimum SPI value when generating it within the kernel.
|
|
.It Li spi_max_value
|
|
Maximum SPI value when generating it within the kernel.
|
|
.It Li larval_lifetime
|
|
Lifetime for LARVAL SAD entries, in seconds.
|
|
.It Li blockacq_count
|
|
Number of ACQUIRE PF_KEY messages to be blocked after an ACQUIRE message.
|
|
It avoids flood of ACQUIRE PF_KEY from being sent from the kernel to the
|
|
key management daemon.
|
|
.It Li blockacq_lifetime
|
|
Lifetime of ACQUIRE PF_KEY message.
|
|
.It Li esp_keymin
|
|
Minimum ESP key length, in bits.
|
|
The value is used when the kernel creates proposal payload
|
|
on ACQUIRE PF_KEY message.
|
|
.It Li esp_auth
|
|
Whether ESP authentication should be used or not.
|
|
Non-zero value indicates that ESP authentication should be used.
|
|
The value is used when the kernel creates proposal payload
|
|
on ACQUIRE PF_KEY message.
|
|
.It Li ah_keymin
|
|
Minimum AH key length, in bits,
|
|
The value is used when the kernel creates proposal payload
|
|
on ACQUIRE PF_KEY message.
|
|
.El
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh The proc.* subtree
|
|
The string and integer information available for the
|
|
.Li proc
|
|
level is detailed below.
|
|
The changeable column shows whether a process with appropriate
|
|
privilege may change the value.
|
|
These values are per-process,
|
|
and as such may change from one process to another.
|
|
When a process is created,
|
|
the default values are inherited from its parent.
|
|
When a set-user-ID or set-group-ID binary is executed, the
|
|
value of PROC_PID_CORENAME is reset to the system default value.
|
|
The second level name is either the magic value PROC_CURPROC, which
|
|
points to the current process, or the PID of the target process.
|
|
.Bl -column "proc.pid.corename" "string" "not applicable" -offset indent
|
|
.It Sy Third level name Type Changeable
|
|
.It proc.pid.corename string yes
|
|
.It proc.pid.rlimit node not applicable
|
|
.It proc.pid.stopfork int yes
|
|
.It proc.pid.stopexec int yes
|
|
.It proc.pid.stopexit int yes
|
|
.El
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "123456"
|
|
.It Li proc.pid.corename ( PROC_PID_CORENAME )
|
|
The template used for the core dump file name (see
|
|
.Xr core 5
|
|
for details).
|
|
The base name must either be
|
|
.Nm core
|
|
or end with the suffix ``.core'' (the super-user may set arbitrary names).
|
|
By default it points to KERN_DEFCORENAME.
|
|
.It Li proc.pid.rlimit ( PROC_PID_LIMIT )
|
|
Return resources limits, as defined for the
|
|
.Xr getrlimit 2
|
|
and
|
|
.Xr setrlimit 2
|
|
system calls.
|
|
The fourth level name is one of:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width PROC_PID_LIMIT_MEMLOCKAA
|
|
.It Li proc.pid.rlimit.cputime ( PROC_PID_LIMIT_CPU )
|
|
The maximum amount of CPU time (in seconds) to be used by each process.
|
|
.It Li proc.pid.rlimit.filesize ( PROC_PID_LIMIT_FSIZE )
|
|
The largest size (in bytes) file that may be created.
|
|
.It Li proc.pid.rlimit.datasize ( PROC_PID_LIMIT_DATA )
|
|
The maximum size (in bytes) of the data segment for a process;
|
|
this defines how far a program may extend its break with the
|
|
.Xr sbrk 2
|
|
system call.
|
|
.It Li proc.pid.rlimit.stacksize ( PROC_PID_LIMIT_STACK )
|
|
The maximum size (in bytes) of the stack segment for a process;
|
|
this defines how far a program's stack segment may be extended.
|
|
Stack extension is performed automatically by the system.
|
|
.It Li proc.pid.rlimit.coredumpsize ( PROC_PID_LIMIT_CORE )
|
|
The largest size (in bytes)
|
|
.Pa core
|
|
file that may be created.
|
|
.It Li proc.pid.rlimit.memoryuse ( PROC_PID_LIMIT_RSS )
|
|
The maximum size (in bytes) to which a process's resident set size may
|
|
grow.
|
|
This imposes a limit on the amount of physical memory to be given to
|
|
a process; if memory is tight, the system will prefer to take memory
|
|
from processes that are exceeding their declared resident set size.
|
|
.It Li proc.pid.rlimit.memorylocked ( PROC_PID_LIMIT_MEMLOCK )
|
|
The maximum size (in bytes) which a process may lock into memory
|
|
using the
|
|
.Xr mlock 2
|
|
function.
|
|
.It Li proc.pid.rlimit.maxproc ( PROC_PID_LIMIT_NPROC )
|
|
The maximum number of simultaneous processes for this user id.
|
|
.It Li proc.pid.rlimit.descriptors ( PROC_PID_LIMIT_NOFILE )
|
|
The maximum number of open files for this process.
|
|
.It Li proc.pid.rlimit.sbsize ( PROC_PID_LIMIT_SBSIZE )
|
|
The maximum size (in bytes) of the socket buffers
|
|
set by the
|
|
.Xr setsockopt 2
|
|
.Dv SO_RCVBUF
|
|
and
|
|
.Dv SO_SNDBUF
|
|
options.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The fifth level name is one of
|
|
.Li soft ( PROC_PID_LIMIT_TYPE_SOFT ) or
|
|
.Li hard ( PROC_PID_LIMIT_TYPE_HARD ) ,
|
|
to select respectively the soft or hard limit.
|
|
Both are of type integer.
|
|
.It Li proc.pid.stopfork ( PROC_PID_STOPFORK )
|
|
If non zero, the process' children will be stopped after
|
|
.Xr fork 2
|
|
calls.
|
|
The children is created in the SSTOP state and is never scheduled
|
|
for running before being stopped.
|
|
This feature helps attaching a process with a debugger such as
|
|
.Xr gdb 1
|
|
before it had the opportunity to actually do anything.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
This value is inherited by the process's children, and it also
|
|
apply to emulation specific system calls that fork a new process, such as
|
|
.Fn sproc
|
|
or
|
|
.Fn clone .
|
|
.It Li proc.pid.stopexec ( PROC_PID_STOPEXEC )
|
|
If non zero, the process will be stopped on next
|
|
.Xr exec 3
|
|
call.
|
|
The process created by
|
|
.Xr exec 3
|
|
is created in the SSTOP state and is never scheduled for running
|
|
before being stopped.
|
|
This feature helps attaching a process with a debugger such as
|
|
.Xr gdb 1
|
|
before it had the opportunity to actually do anything.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
This value is inherited by the process's children.
|
|
.It Li proc.pid.stopexit ( PROC_PID_STOPEXIT )
|
|
If non zero, the process will be stopped on when it has cause to exit,
|
|
either by way of calling
|
|
.Xr exit 3 ,
|
|
.Xr _exit 2 ,
|
|
or by the receipt of a specific signal.
|
|
The process is stopped before any of its resources or vm space is
|
|
released allowing examination of the termination state of a process
|
|
before it disappears.
|
|
This feature can be used to examine the final conditions of the
|
|
process's vmspace via
|
|
.Xr pmap 1
|
|
or its resource settings with
|
|
.Xr sysctl 8
|
|
before it disappears.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
This value is also inherited by the process's children.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh The user.* subtree ( CTL_USER )
|
|
The string and integer information available for the
|
|
.Li user
|
|
level is detailed below.
|
|
The changeable column shows whether a process with appropriate
|
|
privilege may change the value.
|
|
.Bl -column "user.coll_weights_max" "integer" "Changeable" -offset indent
|
|
.It Sy Second level name Type Changeable
|
|
.It user.atexit_max integer no
|
|
.It user.bc_base_max integer no
|
|
.It user.bc_dim_max integer no
|
|
.It user.bc_scale_max integer no
|
|
.It user.bc_string_max integer no
|
|
.It user.coll_weights_max integer no
|
|
.It user.cs_path string no
|
|
.It user.expr_nest_max integer no
|
|
.It user.line_max integer no
|
|
.It user.posix2_c_bind integer no
|
|
.It user.posix2_c_dev integer no
|
|
.It user.posix2_char_term integer no
|
|
.It user.posix2_fort_dev integer no
|
|
.It user.posix2_fort_run integer no
|
|
.It user.posix2_localedef integer no
|
|
.It user.posix2_sw_dev integer no
|
|
.It user.posix2_upe integer no
|
|
.It user.posix2_version integer no
|
|
.It user.re_dup_max integer no
|
|
.It user.stream_max integer no
|
|
.It user.stream_max integer no
|
|
.It user.tzname_max integer no
|
|
.El
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "123456"
|
|
.It Li user.atexit_max ( USER_ATEXIT_MAX )
|
|
The maximum number of functions that may be registered with
|
|
.Xr atexit 3 .
|
|
.It Li user.bc_base_max ( USER_BC_BASE_MAX )
|
|
The maximum ibase/obase values in the
|
|
.Xr bc 1
|
|
utility.
|
|
.It Li user.bc_dim_max ( USER_BC_DIM_MAX )
|
|
The maximum array size in the
|
|
.Xr bc 1
|
|
utility.
|
|
.It Li user.bc_scale_max ( USER_BC_SCALE_MAX )
|
|
The maximum scale value in the
|
|
.Xr bc 1
|
|
utility.
|
|
.It Li user.bc_string_max ( USER_BC_STRING_MAX )
|
|
The maximum string length in the
|
|
.Xr bc 1
|
|
utility.
|
|
.It Li user.coll_weights_max ( USER_COLL_WEIGHTS_MAX )
|
|
The maximum number of weights that can be assigned to any entry of
|
|
the LC_COLLATE order keyword in the locale definition file.
|
|
.It Li user.cs_path ( USER_CS_PATH )
|
|
Return a value for the
|
|
.Ev PATH
|
|
environment variable that finds all the standard utilities.
|
|
.It Li user.expr_nest_max ( USER_EXPR_NEST_MAX )
|
|
The maximum number of expressions that can be nested within
|
|
parenthesis by the
|
|
.Xr expr 1
|
|
utility.
|
|
.It Li user.line_max ( USER_LINE_MAX )
|
|
The maximum length in bytes of a text-processing utility's input
|
|
line.
|
|
.It Li user.posix2_char_term ( USER_POSIX2_CHAR_TERM )
|
|
Return 1 if the system supports at least one terminal type capable of
|
|
all operations described in POSIX 1003.2, otherwise 0.
|
|
.It Li user.posix2_c_bind ( USER_POSIX2_C_BIND )
|
|
Return 1 if the system's C-language development facilities support the
|
|
C-Language Bindings Option, otherwise 0.
|
|
.It Li user.posix2_c_dev ( USER_POSIX2_C_DEV )
|
|
Return 1 if the system supports the C-Language Development Utilities Option,
|
|
otherwise 0.
|
|
.It Li user.posix2_fort_dev ( USER_POSIX2_FORT_DEV )
|
|
Return 1 if the system supports the FORTRAN Development Utilities Option,
|
|
otherwise 0.
|
|
.It Li user.posix2_fort_run ( USER_POSIX2_FORT_RUN )
|
|
Return 1 if the system supports the FORTRAN Runtime Utilities Option,
|
|
otherwise 0.
|
|
.It Li user.posix2_localedef ( USER_POSIX2_LOCALEDEF )
|
|
Return 1 if the system supports the creation of locales, otherwise 0.
|
|
.It Li user.posix2_sw_dev ( USER_POSIX2_SW_DEV )
|
|
Return 1 if the system supports the Software Development Utilities Option,
|
|
otherwise 0.
|
|
.It Li user.posix2_upe ( USER_POSIX2_UPE )
|
|
Return 1 if the system supports the User Portability Utilities Option,
|
|
otherwise 0.
|
|
.It Li user.posix2_version ( USER_POSIX2_VERSION )
|
|
The version of POSIX 1003.2 with which the system attempts to comply.
|
|
.It Li user.re_dup_max ( USER_RE_DUP_MAX )
|
|
The maximum number of repeated occurrences of a regular expression
|
|
permitted when using interval notation.
|
|
.It Li user.stream_max ( USER_STREAM_MAX )
|
|
The minimum maximum number of streams that a process may have open
|
|
at any one time.
|
|
.It Li user.tzname_max ( USER_TZNAME_MAX )
|
|
The minimum maximum number of types supported for the name of a
|
|
timezone.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh The vm.* subtree ( CTL_VM )
|
|
The string and integer information available for the
|
|
.Li vm
|
|
level is detailed below.
|
|
The changeable column shows whether a process with appropriate
|
|
privilege may change the value.
|
|
.Bl -column "Second level name" "struct uvmexp_sysctl" "Changeable" -offset indent
|
|
.It Sy Second level name Type Changeable
|
|
.It vm.anonmax int yes
|
|
.It vm.anonmin int yes
|
|
.It vm.bufcache int yes
|
|
.It vm.bufmem int no
|
|
.It vm.bufmem_hiwater int yes
|
|
.It vm.bufmem_lowater int yes
|
|
.It vm.execmax int yes
|
|
.It vm.execmin int yes
|
|
.It vm.filemax int yes
|
|
.It vm.filemin int yes
|
|
.It vm.loadavg struct loadavg no
|
|
.It vm.maxslp int no
|
|
.It vm.nkmempages int no
|
|
.It vm.uspace int no
|
|
.It vm.uvmexp struct uvmexp no
|
|
.It vm.uvmexp2 struct uvmexp_sysctl no
|
|
.It vm.vmmeter struct vmtotal no
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "123456"
|
|
.It Li vm.anonmax ( VM_ANONMAX )
|
|
The percentage of physical memory which will be reclaimed
|
|
from other types of memory usage to store anonymous application data.
|
|
.It Li vm.anonmin ( VM_ANONMIN )
|
|
The percentage of physical memory which will be always be available for
|
|
anonymous application data.
|
|
.It Li vm.bufcache ( VM_BUFCACHE )
|
|
The percentage of physical memory which will be available
|
|
for the buffer cache.
|
|
.It Li vm.bufmem ( VM_BUFMEM )
|
|
The amount of kernel memory that is being used by the buffer cache.
|
|
.It Li vm.bufmem_lowater ( VM_BUFMEM_LOWATER )
|
|
The minimum amount of kernel memory to reserve for the
|
|
buffer cache.
|
|
.It Li vm.bufmem_hiwater ( VM_BUFMEM_HIWATER )
|
|
The maximum amount of kernel memory to be used for the
|
|
buffer cache.
|
|
.It Li vm.execmax ( VM_EXECMAX )
|
|
The percentage of physical memory which will be reclaimed
|
|
from other types of memory usage to store cached executable data.
|
|
.It Li vm.execmin ( VM_EXECMIN )
|
|
The percentage of physical memory which will be always be available for
|
|
cached executable data.
|
|
.It Li vm.filemax ( VM_FILEMAX )
|
|
The percentage of physical memory which will be reclaimed
|
|
from other types of memory usage to store cached file data.
|
|
.It Li vm.filemin ( VM_FILEMIN )
|
|
The percentage of physical memory which will be always be available for
|
|
cached file data.
|
|
.It Li vm.loadavg ( VM_LOADAVG )
|
|
Return the load average history.
|
|
The returned data consists of a
|
|
.Va struct loadavg .
|
|
.It Li vm.maxslp ( VM_MAXSLP )
|
|
The value of the maxslp kernel global variable.
|
|
.It Li vm.vmmeter ( VM_METER )
|
|
Return system wide virtual memory statistics.
|
|
The returned data consists of a
|
|
.Va struct vmtotal .
|
|
.It Li vm.uspace ( VM_USPACE )
|
|
The number of bytes allocated for each kernel stack.
|
|
.It Li vm.uvmexp ( VM_UVMEXP )
|
|
Return system wide virtual memory statistics.
|
|
The returned data consists of a
|
|
.Va struct uvmexp .
|
|
.It Li vm.uvmexp2 ( VM_UVMEXP2 )
|
|
Return system wide virtual memory statistics.
|
|
The returned data consists of a
|
|
.Va struct uvmexp_sysctl .
|
|
.\" XXX vm.idlezero
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh The ddb.* subtree ( CTL_DDB )
|
|
The integer information available for the
|
|
.Li ddb
|
|
level is detailed below.
|
|
The changeable column shows whether a process with appropriate
|
|
privilege may change the value.
|
|
.\" XXX sort
|
|
.Bl -column "Second level name" "integer" "Changeable" -offset indent
|
|
.It Sy Second level name Type Changeable
|
|
.It ddb.radix integer yes
|
|
.It ddb.maxoff integer yes
|
|
.It ddb.lines integer yes
|
|
.It ddb.tabstops integer yes
|
|
.It ddb.onpanic integer yes
|
|
.It ddb.fromconsole integer yes
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "123456"
|
|
.It Li ddb.radix ( DBCTL_RADIX )
|
|
The input and output radix.
|
|
.It Li ddb.maxoff ( DBCTL_MAXOFF )
|
|
The maximum symbol offset.
|
|
.It Li ddb.lines ( DBCTL_LINES )
|
|
Number of display lines.
|
|
.It Li ddb.tabstops ( DBCTL_TABSTOPS )
|
|
Tab width.
|
|
.It Li ddb.onpanic ( DBCTL_ONPANIC )
|
|
If non-zero, DDB will be entered if the kernel panics.
|
|
.It Li ddb.fromconsole ( DBCTL_FROMCONSOLE )
|
|
If not zero, DDB may be entered by sending a break on a serial
|
|
console or by a special key sequence on a graphics console.
|
|
.\" XXX tee_msgbuf maxwidth commandonenter
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
These MIB nodes are also available as variables from within the DDB.
|
|
See
|
|
.Xr ddb 4
|
|
for more details.
|
|
.Sh The security.* subtree ( CTL_SECURITY )
|
|
The
|
|
.Li security
|
|
level contains various security-related settings for
|
|
the system.
|
|
Available settings are detailed below.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "123456"
|
|
.It Li security.curtain
|
|
If non-zero, will filter return objects according to the user-id
|
|
requesting information about them, preventing from users any
|
|
access to objects they don't own.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
At the moment, it affects
|
|
.Xr ps 1 ,
|
|
.Xr netstat 1
|
|
(for
|
|
.Dv PF_INET ,
|
|
.Dv PF_INET6 ,
|
|
and
|
|
.Dv PF_UNIX
|
|
PCBs), and
|
|
.Xr w 1 .
|
|
.It Li security.models
|
|
.Nx
|
|
supports pluggable security models.
|
|
Every security model used, whether if loaded as a module or built with the system,
|
|
is required to add an entry to this node with at least one element,
|
|
.Dq name ,
|
|
indicating the name of the security model.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
In addition to the name, any settings and other information private to the
|
|
security model will be available under this node.
|
|
See
|
|
.Xr secmodel 9
|
|
for more information.
|
|
.It Li security.pax
|
|
Settings for PaX -- exploit mitigation features.
|
|
For more information on any of the PaX features, please see
|
|
.Xr paxctl 8
|
|
and
|
|
.Xr security 8 .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "123456"
|
|
.It Li security.pax.aslr.enable
|
|
Enable PaX ASLR (Address Space Layout Randomization).
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The value of this
|
|
knob must be non-zero for PaX ASLR to be enabled, even if a program is set to
|
|
explicit enable.
|
|
.It Li security.pax.aslr.global
|
|
Specifies the default global policy for programs without an
|
|
explicit enable/disable flag.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
When non-zero, all programs will get PaX ASLR, except those exempted with
|
|
.Xr paxctl 8 .
|
|
Otherwise, all programs will not get PaX ASLR, except those specifically
|
|
marked as such with
|
|
.Xr paxctl 8 .
|
|
.It Li security.pax.mprotect.enable
|
|
Enable PaX MPROTECT restrictions.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
These are
|
|
.Xr mprotect 2
|
|
restrictions to better enforce a W^X policy.
|
|
The value of this
|
|
knob must be non-zero for PaX MPROTECT to be enabled, even if a
|
|
program is set to explicit enable.
|
|
.It Li security.pax.mprotect.global
|
|
Specifies the default global policy for programs without an
|
|
explicit enable/disable flag.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
When non-zero, all programs will get the PaX MPROTECT restrictions,
|
|
except those exempted with
|
|
.Xr paxctl 8 .
|
|
Otherwise, all programs will not get the PaX MPROTECT restrictions,
|
|
except those specifically marked as such with
|
|
.Xr paxctl 8 .
|
|
.It Li security.pax.segvguard.enable
|
|
Enable PaX Segvguard.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
PaX Segvguard can detect and prevent certain exploitation attempts, where
|
|
an attacker may try for example to brute-force function return addresses
|
|
of respawning daemons.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Em Note :
|
|
The
|
|
.Nx
|
|
interface and implementation of the Segvguard is still experimental, and may
|
|
change in future releases.
|
|
.It Li security.pax.segvguard.global
|
|
Specifies the default global policy for programs without an
|
|
explicit enable/disable flag.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
When non-zero, all programs will get the PaX Segvguard,
|
|
except those exempted with
|
|
.Xr paxctl 8 .
|
|
Otherwise, no program will get the PaX Segvguard restrictions,
|
|
except those specifically marked as such with
|
|
.Xr paxctl 8 .
|
|
.It Li security.pax.segvguard.expiry_timeout
|
|
If the max number was not reached within this timeout (in seconds), the entry
|
|
will expire.
|
|
.It Li security.pax.segvguard.suspend_timeout
|
|
Number of seconds to suspend a user from running a faulting program when the
|
|
limit was exceeded.
|
|
.It Li security.pax.segvguard.max_crashes
|
|
Max number of segfaults a program can receive before suspension.
|
|
.El
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh The vendor.* subtree ( CTL_VENDOR )
|
|
The
|
|
.Li vendor
|
|
toplevel name is reserved to be used by vendors who wish to
|
|
have their own private MIB tree.
|
|
Intended use is to store values under
|
|
.Dq vendor.\*[Lt]yourname\*[Gt].* .
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr sysctl 3 ,
|
|
.Xr ipsec 4 ,
|
|
.Xr tcp 4 ,
|
|
.Xr security 8 ,
|
|
.Xr sysctl 8
|
|
.Sh HISTORY
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
variables first appeared in
|
|
.Bx 4.4 .
|