328 lines
9.7 KiB
Plaintext
328 lines
9.7 KiB
Plaintext
.\" $NetBSD: install,v 1.4 2002/06/30 12:57:29 lukem Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1999-2002 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the NetBSD
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.\" Foundation, Inc. and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its
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.\" contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
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.\" from this software without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
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.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
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.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
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.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
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.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
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.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
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.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
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.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
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.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
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.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
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.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.
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Installing
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.Nx
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is a relatively complex process, but if you have
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this document in hand it should not be too difficult.
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.Pp
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There are several ways to install
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.Nx
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onto your disk.
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If your machine has a tape drive the easiest way is
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.Sx "Installing from tape"
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(details below).
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If your machine is on a network with a suitable NFS server, then
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.Sx "Installing from NFS"
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is the next best method.
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Otherwise, if you have another
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.Tn Sun
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machine running
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.Tn SunOS
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you can initialize the disk on that machine and then move the disk.
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(Installing from
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.Tn SunOS
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is not recommended.)
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.
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.Ss2 Installing from tape
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.
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Create the
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.Nx*M
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\*V boot tape as described in the section
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entitled
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.Sx "Creating boot/install tapes"
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and boot the tape.
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At the PROM monitor prompt, use one of the commands:
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.Pp
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.Dl \*> Ns Ic "b st()"
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.Dl \*> Ns Ic "b st(0,8,0)"
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.Pp
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The first example will use the tape on SCSI target 4, where the
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second will use SCSI target 5.
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The
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.Li \*>
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is the monitor prompt.
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.Pp
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After the tape loads, you should see many lines of configuration
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messages, and then the following
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.Sq "welcome"
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screen:
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.(disp
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Welcome to the NetBSD/\*M RAMDISK root!
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This environment is designed to do only three things:
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1: Partition your disk (use the command: edlabel /dev/rsd0c)
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2: Copy a miniroot image into the swap partition (/dev/rsd0b)
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3: Reboot (using the swap partition, i.e. /dev/sd?b).
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Note that the sun2 firmware cannot boot from a partition located
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more than 1 GB from the beginning of the disk, so the swap partition
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should be completely below the 1 GB boundary.
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Copying the miniroot can be done several ways, allowing
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the source of the miniroot image to be on any of these:
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boot tape, NFS server, TFTP server, rsh server
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The easiest is loading from tape, which is done as follows:
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mt -f /dev/nrst0 rewind
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mt -f /dev/nrst0 fsf 2
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dd bs=32k if=/dev/nrst0 of=/dev/rsd0b
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(For help with other methods, please see the install notes.)
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To reboot using the swap partition, first use "halt",
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then at the PROM monitor prompt use a command like:
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b sd(,,1) -s
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To view this message again, type: cat /.welcome
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.disp)
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.Pp
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Copy the miniroot as described in the welcome message, and
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reboot from that just installed miniroot.
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See the section entitled
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.Sx Booting the miniroot
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for details.
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.
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.Ss2 Installing from NFS
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.
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Before you can install from NFS, you must have already configured
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your NFS server to support your machine as a diskless client.
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Instructions for configuring the server are found in the section
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entitled
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.Sx Getting the NetBSD System onto Useful Media
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above.
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.Pp
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First, at the
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.Tn Sun
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PROM monitor prompt, enter a boot command
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using the network interface as the boot device.
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If your machine has Intel Ethernet, this is
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.Em ie ,
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and if it has 3Com Ethernet, this is
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.Em ec .
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Examples:
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.Pp
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.Dl \*> Ns Ic "b ie() -s"
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.Dl \*> Ns Ic "b ec() -s"
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.Pp
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After the boot program loads the RAMDISK kernel, you should
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see the welcome screen as shown in the
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.Sx Installing from tape
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section above.
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You must configure the network interface before you
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can use any network resources.
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For example the command:
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.Pp
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.Dl ssh\*> Ic "ifconfig ie0 inet 192.233.20.198 up"
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.Pp
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will bring up the network interface with that address.
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The next step is to copy the miniroot from your server.
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This can be done using either NFS or remote shell.
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(In the examples that follow, the server has IP address 192.233.20.195.)
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You may then need to
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add a default route if the server is on a different subnet:
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.Pp
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.Dl ssh\*> Ic "route add default 192.233.20.255 1"
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.Pp
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You can look at the route table using:
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.Pp
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.Dl ssh\*> Ic "route show"
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.Pp
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Now mount the NFS file system containing the miniroot image:
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.Pp
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.Dl ssh\*> Ic "mount -o rdonly,-r=1024 192.233.20.195:/server/path /mnt"
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.Pp
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The procedure is simpler and much faster if you have space for an expanded
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(not compressed) copy of the miniroot image.
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In that case:
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.Pp
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.Dl ssh\*> Ic "dd if=/mnt/miniroot.fs of=/dev/rsd0b bs=8k"
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.Pp
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Otherwise, you will need to use
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.Ic zcat
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to expand the miniroot image while copying.
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This is tricky because the
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.Ic ssh
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program
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(small shell) does not handle
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.Xr sh 1
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pipeline syntax.
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Instead,
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you first run the reader in the background with its input set
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to
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.Pa /dev/pipe
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and then run the other program in the foreground with its output to
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.Pa /dev/pipe .
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The result looks like this:
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.Pp
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.Dl ssh\*> Ic "run -bg dd if=/dev/pipe of=/dev/rsd0b obs=8k"
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.Dl ssh\*> Ic "run -o /dev/pipe zcat /mnt/install/miniroot.fs.gz"
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.Pp
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To load the miniroot using rsh to the server, you would use a
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pair of commands similar to the above.
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Here is another example:
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.Pp
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.Dl ssh\*> Ic "run -b dd if=/dev/pipe of=/dev/rsd0b obs=8k"
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.Dl ssh\*> Ic "run -o /dev/pipe rsh 192.233.20.195 zcat miniroot.fs.gz"
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.Pp
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Note that decompression on a sun2 is
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.Em extremely
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slow, be prepared to wait.
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For this reason, expanding the miniroot
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image on the NFS server is highly recommended.
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.Pp
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Once the miniroot has been copied using one of the above methods,
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you reboot from that just installed miniroot.
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See the section entitled
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.Sx Booting the miniroot
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for details.
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.
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.Ss2 Installing from SunOS
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.
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To install
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.Nx*M
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onto a machine already running
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.Tn SunOS ,
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you
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will need the miniroot image (miniroot.fs.gz) and some means to
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decompress it.
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.Pp
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First, boot
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.Tn SunOS
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and place the miniroot file onto the hard drive.
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If you do not have
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.Ic gzip
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for
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.Tn SunOS ,
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you will need to decompress
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the image elsewhere before you can use it.
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.Pp
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Next, bring
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.Tn SunOS
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down to single user mode to insure that nothing
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will be using the swap space on your drive.
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To be extra safe, reboot
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the machine into single-user mode rather than using the
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.Ic shutdown
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command.
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.Pp
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Now copy the miniroot image onto your swap device (here
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.Pa /dev/rsd0b )
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with the command
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.Pp
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.Dl Ic "gzip -dc miniroot.fs.gz | dd of=/dev/rsd0b obs=32k"
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.Pp
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or if you have already decompressed the miniroot
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.Pp
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.Dl Ic "dd if=miniroot.fs of=/dev/rsd0b obs=32k"
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.Pp
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Finally, reboot the machine and instruct the PROM to boot from
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the swap device as described in the next section.
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.
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.Ss2 Booting the Miniroot
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.
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If the machine is not already at the PROM monitor, run the
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.Pa halt
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command.
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.Pp
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If the miniroot was installed on partition
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.Sq Li b
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of the disk with
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SCSI target ID=0 then the PROM boot command would be:
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.Pp
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.Dl \*> Ns Ic "b sd(0,0,1) -s"
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.Pp
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With SCSI target ID=2, the PROM is:
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.Pp
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.Dl \*> Ns Ic "b sd(0,10,1) -s"
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.Pp
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The numbers in parentheses above are:
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.(enum -compact -offset indent
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controller (usually zero)
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.It
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unit number (SCSI-ID * 8, in hexadecimal)
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.It
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partition number
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.enum)
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.
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.Ss2 Miniroot install program
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.
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The miniroot's install program is very simple to use.
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It will guide you through the entire process, and is well automated.
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Additional improvements are planned for future releases.
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.Pp
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The miniroot's install program will:
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.(bullet -offset indent
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Allow you to place disklabels on additional disks.
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The disk we are installing on should already have
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been partitioned using the RAMDISK kernel.
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.It
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Create file systems on target partitions.
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.It
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Allow you to set up your system's network configuration.
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Remember to specify host names without the domain name
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appended to the end.
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For example use
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.Li foo
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instead of
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.Li foo.bar.org .
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If, during the process of configuring
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the network interfaces, you make a mistake, you will
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be able to re-configure that interface by simply selecting
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it for configuration again.
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.It
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Mount target file systems.
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You will be given the opportunity
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to manually edit the resulting
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.Pa /etc/fstab .
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.It
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Extract binary sets from the media of your choice.
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.It
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Copy configuration information gathered during the
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installation process to your root file system
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.Pq Pa / .
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.It
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Make device nodes in your root file system under
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.Pa /dev .
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.It
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Copy a new kernel onto your root partition
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.Pq Pa / .
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.It
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Install a new boot block.
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.It
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Check your file systems for integrity.
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.bullet)
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.Pp
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First-time installation on a system through a method other than the
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installation program is possible, but strongly discouraged.
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