407 lines
13 KiB
Plaintext
407 lines
13 KiB
Plaintext
<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd"
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[<!ENTITY mdash "—">]>
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<!--
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- Copyright (C) 2004-2007 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
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- Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2003 Internet Software Consortium.
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-
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- Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
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- purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
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- copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
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-
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- THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH
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- REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
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- AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,
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- INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM
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- LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE
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- OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
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- PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
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-->
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<!-- Id: named.docbook,v 1.19 2007/06/19 06:58:03 marka Exp -->
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<refentry id="man.named">
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<refentryinfo>
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<date>June 30, 2000</date>
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</refentryinfo>
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle><application>named</application></refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
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<refmiscinfo>BIND9</refmiscinfo>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv>
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<refname><application>named</application></refname>
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<refpurpose>Internet domain name server</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<docinfo>
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<copyright>
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<year>2004</year>
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<year>2005</year>
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<year>2006</year>
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<year>2007</year>
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<holder>Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")</holder>
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</copyright>
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<copyright>
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<year>2000</year>
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<year>2001</year>
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<year>2003</year>
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<holder>Internet Software Consortium.</holder>
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</copyright>
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</docinfo>
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<refsynopsisdiv>
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<cmdsynopsis>
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<command>named</command>
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<arg><option>-4</option></arg>
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<arg><option>-6</option></arg>
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<arg><option>-c <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable></option></arg>
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<arg><option>-d <replaceable class="parameter">debug-level</replaceable></option></arg>
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<arg><option>-f</option></arg>
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<arg><option>-g</option></arg>
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<arg><option>-m <replaceable class="parameter">flag</replaceable></option></arg>
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<arg><option>-n <replaceable class="parameter">#cpus</replaceable></option></arg>
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<arg><option>-p <replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable></option></arg>
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<arg><option>-s</option></arg>
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<arg><option>-t <replaceable class="parameter">directory</replaceable></option></arg>
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<arg><option>-u <replaceable class="parameter">user</replaceable></option></arg>
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<arg><option>-v</option></arg>
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<arg><option>-x <replaceable class="parameter">cache-file</replaceable></option></arg>
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</cmdsynopsis>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>DESCRIPTION</title>
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<para><command>named</command>
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is a Domain Name System (DNS) server,
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part of the BIND 9 distribution from ISC. For more
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information on the DNS, see RFCs 1033, 1034, and 1035.
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</para>
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<para>
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When invoked without arguments, <command>named</command>
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will
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read the default configuration file
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<filename>/etc/named.conf</filename>, read any initial
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data, and listen for queries.
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>OPTIONS</title>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>-4</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Use IPv4 only even if the host machine is capable of IPv6.
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<option>-4</option> and <option>-6</option> are mutually
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exclusive.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>-6</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Use IPv6 only even if the host machine is capable of IPv4.
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<option>-4</option> and <option>-6</option> are mutually
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exclusive.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>-c <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Use <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable> as the
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configuration file instead of the default,
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<filename>/etc/named.conf</filename>. To
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ensure that reloading the configuration file continues
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to work after the server has changed its working
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directory due to to a possible
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<option>directory</option> option in the configuration
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file, <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable> should be
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an absolute pathname.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>-d <replaceable class="parameter">debug-level</replaceable></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Set the daemon's debug level to <replaceable class="parameter">debug-level</replaceable>.
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Debugging traces from <command>named</command> become
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more verbose as the debug level increases.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>-f</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Run the server in the foreground (i.e. do not daemonize).
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>-g</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Run the server in the foreground and force all logging
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to <filename>stderr</filename>.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>-m <replaceable class="parameter">flag</replaceable></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Turn on memory usage debugging flags. Possible flags are
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<replaceable class="parameter">usage</replaceable>,
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<replaceable class="parameter">trace</replaceable>,
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<replaceable class="parameter">record</replaceable>,
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<replaceable class="parameter">size</replaceable>, and
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<replaceable class="parameter">mctx</replaceable>.
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These correspond to the ISC_MEM_DEBUGXXXX flags described in
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<filename><isc/mem.h></filename>.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>-n <replaceable class="parameter">#cpus</replaceable></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Create <replaceable class="parameter">#cpus</replaceable> worker threads
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to take advantage of multiple CPUs. If not specified,
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<command>named</command> will try to determine the
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number of CPUs present and create one thread per CPU.
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If it is unable to determine the number of CPUs, a
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single worker thread will be created.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>-p <replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Listen for queries on port <replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable>. If not
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specified, the default is port 53.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>-s</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Write memory usage statistics to <filename>stdout</filename> on exit.
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</para>
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<note>
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<para>
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This option is mainly of interest to BIND 9 developers
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and may be removed or changed in a future release.
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</para>
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</note>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>-t <replaceable class="parameter">directory</replaceable></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Chroot
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to <replaceable class="parameter">directory</replaceable> after
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processing the command line arguments, but before
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reading the configuration file.
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</para>
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<warning>
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<para>
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This option should be used in conjunction with the
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<option>-u</option> option, as chrooting a process
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running as root doesn't enhance security on most
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systems; the way <function>chroot(2)</function> is
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defined allows a process with root privileges to
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escape a chroot jail.
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</para>
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</warning>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>-u <replaceable class="parameter">user</replaceable></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Setuid
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to <replaceable class="parameter">user</replaceable> after completing
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privileged operations, such as creating sockets that
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listen on privileged ports.
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</para>
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<note>
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<para>
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On Linux, <command>named</command> uses the kernel's
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capability mechanism to drop all root privileges
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except the ability to <function>bind(2)</function> to
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a
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privileged port and set process resource limits.
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Unfortunately, this means that the <option>-u</option>
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option only works when <command>named</command> is
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run
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on kernel 2.2.18 or later, or kernel 2.3.99-pre3 or
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later, since previous kernels did not allow privileges
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to be retained after <function>setuid(2)</function>.
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</para>
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</note>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>-v</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Report the version number and exit.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>-x <replaceable class="parameter">cache-file</replaceable></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Load data from <replaceable class="parameter">cache-file</replaceable> into the
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cache of the default view.
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</para>
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<warning>
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<para>
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This option must not be used. It is only of interest
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to BIND 9 developers and may be removed or changed in a
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future release.
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</para>
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</warning>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>SIGNALS</title>
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<para>
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In routine operation, signals should not be used to control
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the nameserver; <command>rndc</command> should be used
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instead.
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</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>SIGHUP</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Force a reload of the server.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>SIGINT, SIGTERM</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Shut down the server.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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<para>
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The result of sending any other signals to the server is undefined.
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>CONFIGURATION</title>
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<para>
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The <command>named</command> configuration file is too complex
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to describe in detail here. A complete description is provided
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in the
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<citetitle>BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</citetitle>.
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>FILES</title>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><filename>/etc/named.conf</filename></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The default configuration file.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><filename>/var/run/named.pid</filename></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The default process-id file.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>SEE ALSO</title>
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<para><citetitle>RFC 1033</citetitle>,
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<citetitle>RFC 1034</citetitle>,
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<citetitle>RFC 1035</citetitle>,
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<citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>named-checkconf</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>named-checkzone</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>rndc</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>lwresd</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>named.conf</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry>,
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<citetitle>BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</citetitle>.
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>AUTHOR</title>
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<para><corpauthor>Internet Systems Consortium</corpauthor>
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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</refentry><!--
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- Local variables:
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- mode: sgml
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- End:
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-->
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