918 lines
29 KiB
Plaintext
918 lines
29 KiB
Plaintext
This file describes various problems that have been encountered in
|
||
compiling, installing and running groff. Suggestions for additions or
|
||
other improvements to this file are welcome.
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
Generic Problems
|
||
================
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
* Displaying a man page on a terminal with/without my favourite pager
|
||
only gives garbage.
|
||
|
||
groff by default now uses SGR escape sequences (`ANSI color') to
|
||
control the display attributes (bold, underlined, colour) on TTYs.
|
||
Some terminals (e.g. `kterm') don't understand SGR, and some pagers
|
||
(e.g. older versions of `less' or `less' without the -R option) don't
|
||
understand SGR either. There are three solutions to fix this, in order
|
||
of preference; please read the grotty man page for more details.
|
||
|
||
The fourth and probably best option is to update your terminal program
|
||
and pager to versions which can handle SGR.
|
||
|
||
1. Set the GROFF_NO_SGR environment variable.
|
||
|
||
2. Pass option -c to grotty.
|
||
|
||
3. Append the following fragment to the `troffrc' file:
|
||
|
||
|
||
--- start ---
|
||
.if n \{\
|
||
. nr _C \n(.C
|
||
. cp 0
|
||
.
|
||
. \" The following code sets a top-of-page trap to disable grotty's TTY
|
||
. \" mode. Since neither \X nor .output can be used before the first
|
||
. \" page has started, we must use a trap. To make it work with troff's
|
||
. \" -o option, we wait until the first printed page.
|
||
.
|
||
. de sgr@dummy
|
||
. .
|
||
.
|
||
. rn wh wh@old
|
||
.
|
||
. \" The stand-alone version. If no other trap is set, we can safely
|
||
. \" insert the truncated vertical space caused by the trap (if any).
|
||
. \" Otherwise we assume that the document's main macro package takes
|
||
. \" care of that. As soon as the trap has been executed, it is removed.
|
||
. de1 no@sgr
|
||
. if \\n[.P] \{\
|
||
. if (\\n[.t] == \\n[.p]) \{\
|
||
. rn wh@old wh
|
||
. rm no@sgr
|
||
. wh 0
|
||
. sp \\n[.trunc]
|
||
. nop \X'tty: sgr 0'
|
||
. sp -1
|
||
. \}\}
|
||
. .
|
||
.
|
||
. wh@old 0 no@sgr
|
||
.
|
||
. \" The piggyback version to be appended to macros planted with the
|
||
. \" modified `wh' request.
|
||
. de1 no@sgr1
|
||
. if \\n[.P] \{\
|
||
. rn wh@old wh
|
||
. ds no@sgr1
|
||
. nop \X'tty: sgr 0'
|
||
. sp -1
|
||
. \}
|
||
. .
|
||
.
|
||
. \" We redefine the `wh' request so that `no@sgr1' is appended to
|
||
. \" the trap macro.
|
||
. de1 wh
|
||
. am1 \\$2 sgr@dummy
|
||
. no@sgr1
|
||
. sgr@dummy
|
||
. wh@old \\$1 \\$2
|
||
. .
|
||
.
|
||
. cp \n[_C]
|
||
.\}
|
||
--- end ---
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* The UTF-8 output of grotty has strange characters for the minus, the
|
||
hyphen, and the right quote. Why?
|
||
|
||
The used Unicode characters (U+2212 for the minus sign and U+2010 for
|
||
the hyphen) are the correct ones, but many programs can't search them
|
||
properly. The same is true for the right quote (U+201D). To map those
|
||
characters back to the ASCII characters, insert the following code
|
||
snippet into the `troffrc' configuration file:
|
||
|
||
.if '\*[.T]'utf8' \{\
|
||
. char \- \N'45'
|
||
. char - \N'45'
|
||
. char ' \N'39'
|
||
.\}
|
||
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* My document says that the current year is 19100, not 2000.
|
||
|
||
In groff, as in traditional troff, the yr number register yields the
|
||
year minus 1900. Unfortunately, there is a longstanding bug in the
|
||
Troff User's Manual <http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/cstr/54.ps.gz>,
|
||
which incorrectly claims that yr is the last two digits of the year.
|
||
This claim was never true of either Unix troff or of groff.
|
||
|
||
If your text looks like this:
|
||
|
||
.\" Wrong:
|
||
This document was formatted in 19\n(yr.
|
||
|
||
you can correct it as follows:
|
||
|
||
This document was formatted in \n[year].
|
||
|
||
or, if you want to be portable to older troff versions, as follows:
|
||
|
||
.nr y4 1900+\n(yr
|
||
This document was formatted in \n(y4.
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* groff can't handle my troff document. It works fine with AT&T
|
||
troff.
|
||
|
||
Read the section on incompatibilities in groff_diff(7). Try using
|
||
the -C option. Alternatively there's the sed script
|
||
`tmac/fixmacros.sed' which will attempt to edit a file of macros so
|
||
that it can be used with groff without the -C flag.
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* gtroff doesn't understand lines like `.ce99' with no space between
|
||
the name of the request or macro and the arguments.
|
||
|
||
gtroff requires a space between macro or request and its arguments
|
||
because it allows the use of long names for macros and requests. You
|
||
can use the -C option or the `cp' request to put gtroff into a
|
||
compatibility mode in which it is not possible to use long names for
|
||
macros but in which no space is required between macros and their
|
||
arguments. The use of compatibility mode is strongly discouraged.
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* groff -Tdvi produces dvi files that use fonts at weird
|
||
magnifications.
|
||
|
||
Yes, it does. You may need to compile fonts with Metafont at these
|
||
magnifications. The CompileFonts script in the devdvi/generate
|
||
directory may help you to do this. (It will take a *long* time on
|
||
slow computers.)
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* Groff doesn't use the font names I'm used to.
|
||
|
||
Use the `ftr' request. See groff_diff(7).
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* pic output is not centered horizontally; pictures sometimes run off
|
||
the bottom of the page.
|
||
|
||
The macro package you are using is not supplying appropriate
|
||
definitions of PS and PE. Give groff a -mpic option.
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* gpic doesn't accept the syntax `chop N M' for chopping both ends of
|
||
a line.
|
||
|
||
The correct syntax is `chop N chop M'.
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* With gpic -t, when I print `line ->; box' using a dvi to ps program,
|
||
the arrow head sticks through into the inside of the box.
|
||
|
||
The dvi to ps program should be modified to set the line cap and line
|
||
join parameters to 1 while printing tpic specials.
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* gtroff gives warnings about lines like
|
||
.ev \" a comment
|
||
(with a tab after the .ev).
|
||
|
||
A tab character cannot be used as a substitute for a space character
|
||
(except in one case: between a control character at the beginning of a
|
||
line and the name of a macro or request). For example, in Unix troff
|
||
|
||
.ps \" restore the previous point size
|
||
|
||
(with a tab after the .ps) will NOT restore the previous point-size;
|
||
instead it will be silently ignored. Since this is very likely to be
|
||
an error, gtroff can give a warning about it. If you want to align
|
||
comments, you can do it like this:
|
||
|
||
.ev\" \" a comment
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* I don't like the page headers and footers produced by groff -man.
|
||
|
||
There seem to be many different styles of page header and footer
|
||
produced by different versions of the -man macros. You will need to
|
||
put modified macros from tmac/an-old.tmac into man.local. More
|
||
information is available in groff_man(7).
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* Where can I get grap?
|
||
|
||
Ted Faber <faber@lunabase.org> has written a freely available grap:
|
||
|
||
http://www.lunabase.org/~faber/Vault/software/grap/
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* The \n(st and \n(sb registers don't seem to work. I thought \w set
|
||
them to the height and depth of its argument, but the registers
|
||
always seem to be 0.
|
||
|
||
\n(st and \n(sb aren't supposed to give the height and depth of the
|
||
string rather they give the minimum and maximum vertical displacement
|
||
of the baseline. For example for \v'2u'\v'-3u', \n(st will be 1 and
|
||
\n(sb will be -2. The height and depth of the string is available in
|
||
the \n[rst] and \n[rsb] registers: these are groff extensions.
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* While formatting a manual page, groff complains about not being able
|
||
to break lines. The problem seems to be caused by a line like:
|
||
.TP \w'label'+2
|
||
|
||
The -man documentation says that the default scale indicator for TP
|
||
macro is `n'. The groff -man macros implement this correctly, so that
|
||
the argument will be evaluated as if it were
|
||
|
||
\w'label'n+2n
|
||
|
||
The Unix -man macros don't implement this correctly (probably because
|
||
it's hard to do in Unix troff); they just append `n' to the entire
|
||
argument, so that it will be evaluated as if it were
|
||
|
||
\w'label'u+2n
|
||
|
||
The solution is to fix the manual page:
|
||
|
||
.TP \w'label'u+2
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* I'm having problems formatting man pages produced by the perl
|
||
wrapman script.
|
||
|
||
Some versions of wrapman have a superfluous blank line before the .TH
|
||
line. This must be deleted. Then either use groff -C, or apply the
|
||
following patch:
|
||
|
||
*** wrapman.~2~ Sun Jan 19 12:10:24 1992
|
||
--- wrapman Tue Aug 10 02:06:41 1993
|
||
***************
|
||
*** 35,41 ****
|
||
$line1 .= <IN> if $line1 =~ /eval/;
|
||
$line1 .= <IN> if $line1 =~ /argv/;
|
||
$line2 = <IN>;
|
||
! next if $line2 eq "'di';\n";
|
||
|
||
# Pull the old switcheroo.
|
||
|
||
--- 35,41 ----
|
||
$line1 .= <IN> if $line1 =~ /eval/;
|
||
$line1 .= <IN> if $line1 =~ /argv/;
|
||
$line2 = <IN>;
|
||
! next if $line2 eq "'di ';\n" || $line2 eq "'di';\n";
|
||
|
||
# Pull the old switcheroo.
|
||
|
||
***************
|
||
*** 49,56 ****
|
||
|
||
print OUT $line1;
|
||
print OUT <<EOF;
|
||
! 'di';
|
||
! 'ig00';
|
||
#
|
||
# $header
|
||
#
|
||
--- 49,58 ----
|
||
|
||
print OUT $line1;
|
||
print OUT <<EOF;
|
||
! 'di ';
|
||
! 'ds 00 \\"';
|
||
! 'eo ';
|
||
! 'ig 00 ';
|
||
#
|
||
# $header
|
||
#
|
||
***************
|
||
*** 72,85 ****
|
||
|
||
# These next few lines are legal in both Perl and nroff.
|
||
|
||
! $null.00; # finish .ig
|
||
|
||
'di \\" finish diversion--previous line must be blank
|
||
.nr nl 0-1 \\" fake up transition to first page again
|
||
.nr % 0 \\" start at page 1
|
||
! '; __END__ ##### From here on it's a standard manual page #####
|
||
.TH $PROG 1 "$month $mday, 19$year"
|
||
- .AT 3
|
||
.SH NAME
|
||
$prog \\- whatever
|
||
.SH SYNOPSIS
|
||
--- 74,87 ----
|
||
|
||
# These next few lines are legal in both Perl and nroff.
|
||
|
||
! $null.00 ; # finish .ig
|
||
! 'ec \\';
|
||
|
||
'di \\" finish diversion--previous line must be blank
|
||
.nr nl 0-1 \\" fake up transition to first page again
|
||
.nr % 0 \\" start at page 1
|
||
! .\\"'; __END__ ##### From here on it's a standard manual page #####
|
||
.TH $PROG 1 "$month $mday, 19$year"
|
||
.SH NAME
|
||
$prog \\- whatever
|
||
.SH SYNOPSIS
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* groff uses up an enormous amount of memory processing large files.
|
||
I'm using 386BSD 0.1.
|
||
|
||
386BSD includes an old version of g++, 1.39, which has a bug that
|
||
causes a major memory leak in gtroff. Apply the following fix to g++
|
||
and recompile groff:
|
||
|
||
*** cplus-decl.c.~1~ Mon Aug 6 05:28:59 1990
|
||
--- cplus-decl.c Wed Jun 5 08:55:04 1991
|
||
***************
|
||
*** 7951,7961 ****
|
||
|
||
/* At the end, call delete if that's what's requested. */
|
||
if (TREE_GETS_DELETE (current_class_type))
|
||
exprstmt = build_method_call (build1 (NOP_EXPR, TYPE_POINTER_TO (current_class_type), error_mark_node),
|
||
get_identifier (OPERATOR_DELETE_FORMAT),
|
||
! build_tree_list (NULL_TREE, integer_zero_node),
|
||
NULL_TREE, LOOKUP_NORMAL);
|
||
else if (TYPE_USES_VIRTUAL_BASECLASSES (current_class_type))
|
||
exprstmt = build_x_delete (ptr_type_node, current_class_decl, 0);
|
||
else
|
||
exprstmt = 0;
|
||
--- 7951,7961 ----
|
||
|
||
/* At the end, call delete if that's what's requested. */
|
||
if (TREE_GETS_DELETE (current_class_type))
|
||
exprstmt = build_method_call (build1 (NOP_EXPR, TYPE_POINTER_TO (current_class_type), error_mark_node),
|
||
get_identifier (OPERATOR_DELETE_FORMAT),
|
||
! build_tree_list (NULL_TREE, current_class_decl),
|
||
NULL_TREE, LOOKUP_NORMAL);
|
||
else if (TYPE_USES_VIRTUAL_BASECLASSES (current_class_type))
|
||
exprstmt = build_x_delete (ptr_type_node, current_class_decl, 0);
|
||
else
|
||
exprstmt = 0;
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
Printing and Display Problems
|
||
=============================
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
* I'm having problems including PostScript illustrations (EPS) using
|
||
the PSPIC macro and/or \X'ps: import ...'.
|
||
|
||
A PostScript document must meet three requirements in order to be
|
||
included with the PSPIC macro: it must comply with the Adobe Document
|
||
Structuring Conventions; it must contain a BoundingBox line; it must
|
||
be `well-behaved'. The BoundingBox line should be of the form:
|
||
|
||
%%BoundingBox: llx lly urx ury
|
||
|
||
where llx, lly, urx, ury are the coordinates of the lower left x,
|
||
lower left y, upper right x, upper right y of the bounding box of
|
||
marks on the page expressed as integers in the default PostScript
|
||
coordinate system (72 units per inch, origin at bottom left corner).
|
||
|
||
The most convenient program to get the bounding box of a document is
|
||
the `ps2epsi' script coming with GhostScript.
|
||
|
||
If you can't use this program, another useful tactic is to print out
|
||
the illustration by itself (you may need to add a `showpage' at the
|
||
end), and physically measure the bounding box. For more detail on
|
||
these requirements, read the specification of Encapsulated PostScript
|
||
format. (This is available from the Adobe file server; send a message
|
||
with a body of `help' to ps-file-server@adobe.com.)
|
||
|
||
If an EPS file to be included via \X'ps: import' does not start with
|
||
`%!PS-Adobe-...', gtroff will still include the file, but grops will
|
||
not add any fonts to the generated output file that are listed in the
|
||
EPS file, even though the files are listed in the `download' file and
|
||
are available in the devps directory.
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* I've configured groff for A4 paper, but gtroff still seems to think
|
||
that the length of a page (as returned by `\n(.p') is 11 inches.
|
||
|
||
This is intentional. The PAGE option during configuration is used
|
||
only by grops. For compatibility with ditroff, the default page
|
||
length in gtroff is always 11 inches. The page length can be changed
|
||
with the `pl' request.
|
||
|
||
A convenient way to set paper dimensions is to use the -dpaper option
|
||
of groff, together with proper -P options for the postprocessor
|
||
(overriding the default). For example, use the following for PS
|
||
output on A4 paper in landscape orientation:
|
||
|
||
groff -Tps -dpaper=a4l -P-pa4 -P-l -ms foo.ms > foo.ps
|
||
|
||
See groff_tmac(5) for more information.
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* When I print the output of groff -Tps, the output is always shifted
|
||
up by about 0.7 inches; I'm using 8.5x11 inch paper.
|
||
|
||
Make sure that the paper size is `letter'. See groff_tmac(5).
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* When I try to run gxditview, I get the error:
|
||
Error: Widget viewport has zero width and/or height
|
||
|
||
This error means you haven't correctly installed the application
|
||
defaults file, GXditview.ad; `make install' does this for you
|
||
automatically, so either you didn't do `make install', or you don't
|
||
have imake configured correctly.
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* When I preview documents using -TX75 or -TX100, the layout is not
|
||
the same as when I print the document with -Tps: the line and page
|
||
breaks come in different places.
|
||
|
||
Use `groff -X -Tps'.
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* When I try to print the output of groff -Tps, I get no output at all
|
||
from the printer, and the log file shows the error
|
||
%%[ error: undefined; offendingcommand: BP ]%%
|
||
I'm using TranScript spooling software.
|
||
|
||
This is a bug in the page reversal filter in early versions of
|
||
TranScript. Change the `broken' parameter in
|
||
/usr/local/lib/groff/font/devps/DESC to 7.
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* When I preview groff -Tps output using the Sun OpenWindows 2.0
|
||
pageview program, all the pages are displayed on top of each other.
|
||
|
||
This is a defect in pageview. Change the `broken' parameter in
|
||
/usr/local/lib/groff/font/devps/DESC to 2.
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* With groff -TX75, -TX100 or -X, I can only view the first page.
|
||
|
||
The left mouse button brings up a menu that allows you to view other
|
||
pages.
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* When I print the output of groff -Tdvi, I just get a black dot in
|
||
upper left corner.
|
||
|
||
Some dvi drivers (notably early versions of xtex) do not correctly
|
||
handle dvi files that use a resolution different from that used by dvi
|
||
files produced by TeX. Try getting a more up to date driver.
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* How can I use groff with an old LaserJet printer that doesn't work
|
||
with groff -Tlj4?
|
||
|
||
You have at least 3 options:
|
||
|
||
- use groff -Tps with GNU Ghostscript;
|
||
|
||
- use groff -Tdvi with a TeX .dvi to Laserjet driver;
|
||
|
||
- use groff with the LaserJet driver in Chris Lewis' psroff package
|
||
(available for ftp from:
|
||
ftp.uunet.ca:/distrib/chris_lewis/psroff3.0pl17).
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* Groff seems to generate level 3 Postscript, but my printer is only a
|
||
level 1 or 2 PostScript printer.
|
||
|
||
In fact groff generates only level 2 PostScript (or rather level 1
|
||
with some extensions; see grops(1) for more information how to disable
|
||
them). The `%!PS-Adobe-3.0' comment at the beginning of PostScript
|
||
output generated by groff indicates that the file conforms to
|
||
version 3.0 of the Adobe Document Structuring Conventions. The output
|
||
generated by groff should be printable on any PostScript printer.
|
||
Problems with groff output's not printing are most often caused by the
|
||
spooling system.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
Platform-Dependent Macro Problems
|
||
=================================
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
* I get lots of errors when I use groff with the AT&T -mm macros.
|
||
|
||
Use the groff -mm macros.
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* groff produces wrapper macros for `ms' and friends which call the
|
||
system's original macros. Then, to get groff's ms macro package I
|
||
have to use `-mgs' instead `-ms'. Can I avoid this?
|
||
|
||
Yes. Configure and compile groff as usual, but install it with
|
||
|
||
make install tmac_wrap=""
|
||
|
||
Then no wrapper files are produced, and `-ms' will use groff's `ms'
|
||
macros.
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* I'm having problems formatting HP-UX 9.0 man pages with groff -man.
|
||
|
||
Copy HP's tmac.an into /usr/local/share/groff/site-tmac/an.tmac, and
|
||
either put `.cp 1' at the beginning or filter it (and any files it
|
||
.so's) through tmac/fixmacros.sed.
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* I get errors using the Unix -ms macros with groff -e -C.
|
||
|
||
Apply this change:
|
||
|
||
*** /usr/lib/ms/ms.eqn Tue Apr 25 02:14:28 1989
|
||
--- ms.eqn Sun Nov 11 10:33:59 1990
|
||
***************
|
||
*** 22,29 ****
|
||
..
|
||
. \" EN - end of a displayed equation
|
||
.de EN
|
||
! .if !\\*(10 .br
|
||
.di
|
||
.rm EZ
|
||
.nr ZN \\n(dn
|
||
.if \\n(ZN>0 .if \\n(YE=0 .LP
|
||
--- 22,30 ----
|
||
..
|
||
. \" EN - end of a displayed equation
|
||
.de EN
|
||
! .if \\n(.k>0 .br
|
||
.di
|
||
+ .ds 10 \\*(EZ\\
|
||
.rm EZ
|
||
.nr ZN \\n(dn
|
||
.if \\n(ZN>0 .if \\n(YE=0 .LP
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* I'm having problems formatting Ultrix man pages with groff -man.
|
||
|
||
The Ultrix man pages use a number of non-standard extensions to the
|
||
Unix man macros. One solution is to use the Ultrix -man macros with
|
||
groff. Copy /usr/lib/tmac/tmac.an to
|
||
/usr/local/share/groff/site-tmac/an.tmac and apply the following patch
|
||
(from Frank Wortner):
|
||
|
||
*** /usr/local/lib/groff/tmac/tmac.an Wed Sep 9 12:29:28 1992
|
||
--- /usr/lib/tmac/tmac.an Fri Jul 24 19:58:19 1992
|
||
***************
|
||
*** 489,495 ****
|
||
. \" make special case of shift out of italic
|
||
.de }S
|
||
.ds ]F
|
||
! .if \\$12 .if !\\$5 .ds ]F \^
|
||
.ie !\\$4 .}S \\$2 \\$1 "\\$3\f\\$1\\$4\\*(]F" "\\$5" "\\$6" "\\$7" "\\$8" "\\$9"
|
||
.el \\$3
|
||
.}f
|
||
--- 489,495 ----
|
||
. \" make special case of shift out of italic
|
||
.de }S
|
||
.ds ]F
|
||
! .if \\$12 .if !\\$5 .ds ]F\^
|
||
.ie !\\$4 .}S \\$2 \\$1 "\\$3\f\\$1\\$4\\*(]F" "\\$5" "\\$6" "\\$7" "\\$8" "\\$9"
|
||
.el \\$3
|
||
.}f
|
||
|
||
Another possible solution is to install tmac/man.ultrix as
|
||
/usr/local/share/groff/site-tmac/man.local.
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* On an SGI system, how can I make the man command use groff?
|
||
|
||
From David Hinds <dhinds@allegro.stanford.edu> (some of these steps
|
||
are unnecessary if you install with the `g' Makefile variable defined
|
||
as empty):
|
||
|
||
Create a script called 'eqn':
|
||
|
||
> #!/bin/sh
|
||
> if [ ${1:-""} = /usr/pub/eqnchar ] ; then shift ; fi
|
||
> geqn $*
|
||
|
||
and a script called 'neqn':
|
||
|
||
> #!/bin/sh
|
||
> if [ ${1:-""} = /usr/pub/eqnchar ] ; then shift ; fi
|
||
> geqn -Tascii $*
|
||
|
||
and do:
|
||
|
||
> ln -s gnroff nroff
|
||
|
||
and edit the end of the gnroff script to be:
|
||
|
||
> rest=`echo ${1+"$@"} | sed -e 's+/usr/lib/tmac+/usr/local/lib/groff/tmac+'`
|
||
> exec groff -Wall -mtty-char $T $opts $rest
|
||
|
||
To get PostScript output from 'man -t', you also need to create a
|
||
'psroff' script similar to 'nroff'. Here are the context diffs:
|
||
|
||
*** /usr/local/bin/nroff Sat Feb 13 15:51:09 1993
|
||
--- /usr/local/bin/psroff Sat Feb 13 17:45:46 1993
|
||
***************
|
||
*** 1,8 ****
|
||
#!/bin/sh
|
||
! # Emulate nroff with groff.
|
||
|
||
prog="$0"
|
||
! T=-Tascii
|
||
opts=
|
||
|
||
for i
|
||
--- 1,8 ----
|
||
#!/bin/sh
|
||
! # Emulate psroff with groff.
|
||
|
||
prog="$0"
|
||
! T=-Tps
|
||
opts=
|
||
|
||
for i
|
||
***************
|
||
*** 25,30 ****
|
||
--- 25,33 ----
|
||
-Tascii|-Tlatin1)
|
||
T=$1
|
||
;;
|
||
+ -t)
|
||
+ # ignore -- default is send to stdout
|
||
+ ;;
|
||
-T*)
|
||
# ignore other devices
|
||
;;
|
||
***************
|
||
*** 49,53 ****
|
||
rest=`echo ${1+"$@"} | sed -e 's+/usr/lib/tmac+/usr/local/lib/groff/tmac+'`
|
||
|
||
# This shell script is intended for use with man, so warnings are
|
||
# probably not wanted. Also load nroff-style character definitions.
|
||
! exec groff -Wall -mtty-char $T $opts $rest
|
||
--- 52,56 ----
|
||
rest=`echo ${1+"$@"} | sed -e 's+/usr/lib/tmac+/usr/local/lib/groff/tmac+'`
|
||
|
||
# This shell script is intended for use with man, so warnings are
|
||
! # probably not wanted.
|
||
! exec groff -Wall $T $opts $rest
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
Compilation Problems
|
||
====================
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
* Compilation dies with
|
||
|
||
y.tab.c: In function `int yyparse()':
|
||
y.tab.c: `size_t' undeclared in namespace `std'
|
||
|
||
* bison reports conflicts (either on stderr or in the `pic.output'
|
||
file) while processing `pic.y', and the produced pic binary doesn't
|
||
work at all.
|
||
|
||
You need bison version 1.875b or greater. Alternatively, use yacc or
|
||
byacc.
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* My compiler fails to build src/utils/indxbib/signal.c, giving
|
||
messages like
|
||
|
||
signal.c: cannot convert `int (*)(int)' to `void (*)(int)'
|
||
for argument `2' to `void (* signal(int, void (*)(int)))(int)'
|
||
|
||
I use a C++ compiler for compiling C programs.
|
||
|
||
The current version of the configure script doesn't handle C++ very
|
||
well if used as a substitute for a C compiler. In this particular
|
||
case, it failed to recognize the proper return type of signal handlers.
|
||
An easy fix is to manually edit the file `src/include/config.h'
|
||
(created by configure), changing the line
|
||
|
||
#define RETSIGTYPE int
|
||
|
||
to
|
||
|
||
#define RETSIGTYPE void
|
||
|
||
Say `make clean' before restarting compilation.
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* There are many empty `Makefile.dep' files. Is this a bug?
|
||
|
||
No. Real dependency files are created with a `make depend' call.
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* On HP-UX, the compiler complains about missing symbol `alloca'.
|
||
|
||
Say
|
||
|
||
export LDFLAGS=-lPW
|
||
|
||
before starting the configure script.
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* The configure script fails on OS/390 (z/OS) Unix.
|
||
|
||
[This has been fixed in z/OS V1R3 (aka OS/390 R13).]
|
||
|
||
There is a bug in the Language Environment (LE) whereby the test
|
||
program for static destructors fails. You will see the message
|
||
`configure: error: a working C++ compiler is required'
|
||
|
||
Applying PTF UQ42006 is supposed to fix this, but the test program is
|
||
still returning the wrong value (1). To work around this problem, you
|
||
can comment out the following in the configure script (near line 2029).
|
||
This will effectively bypass the test (static constructors and
|
||
destructors do actually work properly):
|
||
|
||
#if { (eval echo "$as_me:2029: \"$ac_link\"") >&5
|
||
# (eval $ac_link) 2>&5
|
||
# ac_status=$?
|
||
# echo "$as_me:2032: \$? = $ac_status" >&5
|
||
# (exit $ac_status); } && { ac_try='./conftest$ac_exeext'
|
||
# { (eval echo "$as_me:2034: \"$ac_try\"") >&5
|
||
# (eval $ac_try) 2>&5
|
||
# ac_status=$?
|
||
# echo "$as_me:2037: \$? = $ac_status" >&5
|
||
# (exit $ac_status); }; }; then
|
||
# echo "$as_me:2039: result: yes" >&5
|
||
#echo "${ECHO_T}yes" >&6
|
||
#else
|
||
# echo "$as_me: program exited with status $ac_status" >&5
|
||
#echo "$as_me: failed program was:" >&5
|
||
#cat conftest.$ac_ext >&5
|
||
#echo "$as_me:2045: result: no" >&5
|
||
#echo "${ECHO_T}no" >&6;{ { echo "$as_me:2046: error: a working C++ compiler is required" >&5
|
||
#echo "$as_me: error: a working C++ compiler is required" >&2;}
|
||
# { (exit 1); exit 1; }; }
|
||
#fi
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* I get errors when I try to compile groff with DEC C++.
|
||
|
||
Fix the declaration of write() in <unistd.h> so that the second
|
||
argument is a const char *. Fix the declaration of open() in
|
||
<sys/file.h> so that the first argument is a const char *.
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* On a host using Unix make (e.g. Solaris), if you are compiling for
|
||
multiple architectures by building in a subdirectory, the make stops
|
||
with a message like this:
|
||
|
||
make: Fatal error: Don't know how to make target `assert.o'
|
||
|
||
or like this:
|
||
|
||
make: Fatal error: Can't find /u/src/groff/src/include/Makefile.sub': No such file or directory
|
||
|
||
This occurs because GNU make and Unix make handle VPATH differently,
|
||
and the groff build relies on GNU make's VPATH handling.
|
||
|
||
Use GNU make to work around the problem. In Solaris 8, GNU make is
|
||
on the Software Companion CD and is installed as /opt/sfw/bin/gmake.
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* On Ultrix, the make program stops with the message
|
||
|
||
*** Error code 1
|
||
|
||
Stop.
|
||
|
||
for no apparent reason.
|
||
|
||
Use GNU make.
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* I'm having problems compiling groff on 386BSD 0.1.
|
||
|
||
If you're using ash as /bin/sh, you'll need the following patch.
|
||
|
||
*** gendef.sh.org Sun Jun 30 13:30:36 1991
|
||
--- gendef.sh Sun Feb 28 10:23:49 1993
|
||
***************
|
||
*** 3,9 ****
|
||
file=$1
|
||
shift
|
||
|
||
! defs="#define $1"
|
||
shift
|
||
for def
|
||
do
|
||
--- 3,10 ----
|
||
file=$1
|
||
shift
|
||
|
||
! x=$1
|
||
! defs="#define $x"
|
||
shift
|
||
for def
|
||
do
|
||
|
||
You'll also need to change dirnamemax.c so that it doesn't use
|
||
pathconf().
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* While compiling on Xenix, ranlib libgroff.a fails.
|
||
|
||
The system ranlib can't handle externals longer than 40 characters.
|
||
Use the ranlib included in demon.co.uk:/pub/xenix/g++-1.40.3a.v1
|
||
instead.
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* I get errors when I try to compile groff with Sun C++ version 3 or
|
||
earlier.
|
||
|
||
Groff requires header files that are moderately compatible with AT&T
|
||
C++ and ANSI C. With some versions of Sun C++, the supplied header
|
||
files need some of the following changes to meet this requirement:
|
||
<string.h> must declare the mem* functions, (just add `#include
|
||
<memory.h>' to <string.h>); the first argument to fopen and freopen
|
||
should be declared as `const char *'; the first argument to fread
|
||
should be declared as `void *'; the first argument to fwrite should be
|
||
declared as `const void *'; malloc should be declared to return
|
||
`void *'; in <alloca.h>, the declaration `extern "C" { void
|
||
*__builtin_alloca(int); }' should be added; in <sys/signal.h> the
|
||
return type and the second argument type of signal() should be changed
|
||
to be `void (*)(int)'.
|
||
|
||
You can either change them in place, or copy them to some other
|
||
directory and include that directory with a -I option.
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* I get errors when I try to compile groff with Sun C++ version 5.0
|
||
or 5.1.
|
||
|
||
This is a known problem; see Sun bug #4301919. As of this writing, no
|
||
patch is available. Use GCC 2.95.2 or later instead.
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* I get lots of `numeric overflow' error messages whenever I run
|
||
groff; I compiled groff with AT&T C++ 2.0 with an ANSI C compiler.
|
||
|
||
Make sure -DCFRONT_ANSI_BUG is included in DEFINES in the top-level
|
||
Makefile. If that doesn't solve the problem, define INT_MIN as
|
||
-INT_MAX in libgroff/lib.h.
|
||
|
||
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
* When compiling on MacOS X, groff compiles but does not run well,
|
||
especially `eqn', causing many `can't break line' messages.
|
||
|
||
Use ./configure CXX=g++2 then make as usual.
|