358 lines
13 KiB
Groff
358 lines
13 KiB
Groff
.\" $NetBSD: openssl_s_client.1,v 1.12 2003/07/24 14:16:52 itojun Exp $
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man version 1.02
|
|
.\" Thu Jul 24 13:07:45 2003
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" Standard preamble:
|
|
.\" ======================================================================
|
|
.de Sh \" Subsection heading
|
|
.br
|
|
.if t .Sp
|
|
.ne 5
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fB\\$1\fR
|
|
.PP
|
|
..
|
|
.de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP)
|
|
.if t .sp .5v
|
|
.if n .sp
|
|
..
|
|
.de Ip \" List item
|
|
.br
|
|
.ie \\n(.$>=3 .ne \\$3
|
|
.el .ne 3
|
|
.IP "\\$1" \\$2
|
|
..
|
|
.de Vb \" Begin verbatim text
|
|
.ft CW
|
|
.nf
|
|
.ne \\$1
|
|
..
|
|
.de Ve \" End verbatim text
|
|
.ft R
|
|
|
|
.fi
|
|
..
|
|
.\" Set up some character translations and predefined strings. \*(-- will
|
|
.\" give an unbreakable dash, \*(PI will give pi, \*(L" will give a left
|
|
.\" double quote, and \*(R" will give a right double quote. | will give a
|
|
.\" real vertical bar. \*(C+ will give a nicer C++. Capital omega is used
|
|
.\" to do unbreakable dashes and therefore won't be available. \*(C` and
|
|
.\" \*(C' expand to `' in nroff, nothing in troff, for use with C<>
|
|
.tr \(*W-|\(bv\*(Tr
|
|
.ds C+ C\v'-.1v'\h'-1p'\s-2+\h'-1p'+\s0\v'.1v'\h'-1p'
|
|
.ie n \{\
|
|
. ds -- \(*W-
|
|
. ds PI pi
|
|
. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=24u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-12u'-\" diablo 10 pitch
|
|
. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=20u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-8u'-\" diablo 12 pitch
|
|
. ds L" ""
|
|
. ds R" ""
|
|
. ds C` `
|
|
. ds C' '
|
|
'br\}
|
|
.el\{\
|
|
. ds -- \|\(em\|
|
|
. ds PI \(*p
|
|
. ds L" ``
|
|
. ds R" ''
|
|
'br\}
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" If the F register is turned on, we'll generate index entries on stderr
|
|
.\" for titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.Sh), items (.Ip), and
|
|
.\" index entries marked with X<> in POD. Of course, you'll have to process
|
|
.\" the output yourself in some meaningful fashion.
|
|
.if \nF \{\
|
|
. de IX
|
|
. tm Index:\\$1\t\\n%\t"\\$2"
|
|
. .
|
|
. nr % 0
|
|
. rr F
|
|
.\}
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it
|
|
.\" makes way too many mistakes in technical documents.
|
|
.hy 0
|
|
.if n .na
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" Accent mark definitions (@(#)ms.acc 1.5 88/02/08 SMI; from UCB 4.2).
|
|
.\" Fear. Run. Save yourself. No user-serviceable parts.
|
|
.bd B 3
|
|
. \" fudge factors for nroff and troff
|
|
.if n \{\
|
|
. ds #H 0
|
|
. ds #V .8m
|
|
. ds #F .3m
|
|
. ds #[ \f1
|
|
. ds #] \fP
|
|
.\}
|
|
.if t \{\
|
|
. ds #H ((1u-(\\\\n(.fu%2u))*.13m)
|
|
. ds #V .6m
|
|
. ds #F 0
|
|
. ds #[ \&
|
|
. ds #] \&
|
|
.\}
|
|
. \" simple accents for nroff and troff
|
|
.if n \{\
|
|
. ds ' \&
|
|
. ds ` \&
|
|
. ds ^ \&
|
|
. ds , \&
|
|
. ds ~ ~
|
|
. ds /
|
|
.\}
|
|
.if t \{\
|
|
. ds ' \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\'\h"|\\n:u"
|
|
. ds ` \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\`\h'|\\n:u'
|
|
. ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'^\h'|\\n:u'
|
|
. ds , \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10)',\h'|\\n:u'
|
|
. ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu-\*(#H-.1m)'~\h'|\\n:u'
|
|
. ds / \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\z\(sl\h'|\\n:u'
|
|
.\}
|
|
. \" troff and (daisy-wheel) nroff accents
|
|
.ds : \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H+.1m+\*(#F)'\v'-\*(#V'\z.\h'.2m+\*(#F'.\h'|\\n:u'\v'\*(#V'
|
|
.ds 8 \h'\*(#H'\(*b\h'-\*(#H'
|
|
.ds o \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu+\w'\(de'u-\*(#H)/2u'\v'-.3n'\*(#[\z\(de\v'.3n'\h'|\\n:u'\*(#]
|
|
.ds d- \h'\*(#H'\(pd\h'-\w'~'u'\v'-.25m'\f2\(hy\fP\v'.25m'\h'-\*(#H'
|
|
.ds D- D\\k:\h'-\w'D'u'\v'-.11m'\z\(hy\v'.11m'\h'|\\n:u'
|
|
.ds th \*(#[\v'.3m'\s+1I\s-1\v'-.3m'\h'-(\w'I'u*2/3)'\s-1o\s+1\*(#]
|
|
.ds Th \*(#[\s+2I\s-2\h'-\w'I'u*3/5'\v'-.3m'o\v'.3m'\*(#]
|
|
.ds ae a\h'-(\w'a'u*4/10)'e
|
|
.ds Ae A\h'-(\w'A'u*4/10)'E
|
|
. \" corrections for vroff
|
|
.if v .ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*9/10-\*(#H)'\s-2\u~\d\s+2\h'|\\n:u'
|
|
.if v .ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'\v'-.4m'^\v'.4m'\h'|\\n:u'
|
|
. \" for low resolution devices (crt and lpr)
|
|
.if \n(.H>23 .if \n(.V>19 \
|
|
\{\
|
|
. ds : e
|
|
. ds 8 ss
|
|
. ds o a
|
|
. ds d- d\h'-1'\(ga
|
|
. ds D- D\h'-1'\(hy
|
|
. ds th \o'bp'
|
|
. ds Th \o'LP'
|
|
. ds ae ae
|
|
. ds Ae AE
|
|
.\}
|
|
.rm #[ #] #H #V #F C
|
|
.\" ======================================================================
|
|
.\"
|
|
.IX Title "S_CLIENT 1"
|
|
.TH S_CLIENT 1 "0.9.7b" "2003-03-21" "OpenSSL"
|
|
.UC
|
|
.SH "NAME"
|
|
s_client \- \s-1SSL/TLS\s0 client program
|
|
.SH "LIBRARY"
|
|
libcrypto, -lcrypto
|
|
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
|
|
.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
|
|
\&\fBopenssl\fR \fBs_client\fR
|
|
[\fB\-connect\fR host:port>]
|
|
[\fB\-verify depth\fR]
|
|
[\fB\-cert filename\fR]
|
|
[\fB\-key filename\fR]
|
|
[\fB\-CApath directory\fR]
|
|
[\fB\-CAfile filename\fR]
|
|
[\fB\-reconnect\fR]
|
|
[\fB\-pause\fR]
|
|
[\fB\-showcerts\fR]
|
|
[\fB\-debug\fR]
|
|
[\fB\-msg\fR]
|
|
[\fB\-nbio_test\fR]
|
|
[\fB\-state\fR]
|
|
[\fB\-nbio\fR]
|
|
[\fB\-crlf\fR]
|
|
[\fB\-ign_eof\fR]
|
|
[\fB\-quiet\fR]
|
|
[\fB\-ssl2\fR]
|
|
[\fB\-ssl3\fR]
|
|
[\fB\-tls1\fR]
|
|
[\fB\-no_ssl2\fR]
|
|
[\fB\-no_ssl3\fR]
|
|
[\fB\-no_tls1\fR]
|
|
[\fB\-bugs\fR]
|
|
[\fB\-cipher cipherlist\fR]
|
|
[\fB\-starttls protocol\fR]
|
|
[\fB\-engine id\fR]
|
|
[\fB\-rand \f(BIfile\fB\|(s)\fR]
|
|
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
|
|
.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
|
|
The \fBs_client\fR command implements a generic \s-1SSL/TLS\s0 client which connects
|
|
to a remote host using \s-1SSL/TLS\s0. It is a \fIvery\fR useful diagnostic tool for
|
|
\&\s-1SSL\s0 servers.
|
|
.SH "OPTIONS"
|
|
.IX Header "OPTIONS"
|
|
.Ip "\fB\-connect host:port\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-connect host:port"
|
|
This specifies the host and optional port to connect to. If not specified
|
|
then an attempt is made to connect to the local host on port 4433.
|
|
.Ip "\fB\-cert certname\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-cert certname"
|
|
The certificate to use, if one is requested by the server. The default is
|
|
not to use a certificate.
|
|
.Ip "\fB\-key keyfile\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-key keyfile"
|
|
The private key to use. If not specified then the certificate file will
|
|
be used.
|
|
.Ip "\fB\-verify depth\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-verify depth"
|
|
The verify depth to use. This specifies the maximum length of the
|
|
server certificate chain and turns on server certificate verification.
|
|
Currently the verify operation continues after errors so all the problems
|
|
with a certificate chain can be seen. As a side effect the connection
|
|
will never fail due to a server certificate verify failure.
|
|
.Ip "\fB\-CApath directory\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-CApath directory"
|
|
The directory to use for server certificate verification. This directory
|
|
must be in \*(L"hash format\*(R", see \fBverify\fR for more information. These are
|
|
also used when building the client certificate chain.
|
|
.Ip "\fB\-CAfile file\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-CAfile file"
|
|
A file containing trusted certificates to use during server authentication
|
|
and to use when attempting to build the client certificate chain.
|
|
.Ip "\fB\-reconnect\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-reconnect"
|
|
reconnects to the same server 5 times using the same session \s-1ID\s0, this can
|
|
be used as a test that session caching is working.
|
|
.Ip "\fB\-pause\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-pause"
|
|
pauses 1 second between each read and write call.
|
|
.Ip "\fB\-showcerts\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-showcerts"
|
|
display the whole server certificate chain: normally only the server
|
|
certificate itself is displayed.
|
|
.Ip "\fB\-prexit\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-prexit"
|
|
print session information when the program exits. This will always attempt
|
|
to print out information even if the connection fails. Normally information
|
|
will only be printed out once if the connection succeeds. This option is useful
|
|
because the cipher in use may be renegotiated or the connection may fail
|
|
because a client certificate is required or is requested only after an
|
|
attempt is made to access a certain \s-1URL\s0. Note: the output produced by this
|
|
option is not always accurate because a connection might never have been
|
|
established.
|
|
.Ip "\fB\-state\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-state"
|
|
prints out the \s-1SSL\s0 session states.
|
|
.Ip "\fB\-debug\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-debug"
|
|
print extensive debugging information including a hex dump of all traffic.
|
|
.Ip "\fB\-msg\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-msg"
|
|
show all protocol messages with hex dump.
|
|
.Ip "\fB\-nbio_test\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-nbio_test"
|
|
tests non-blocking I/O
|
|
.Ip "\fB\-nbio\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-nbio"
|
|
turns on non-blocking I/O
|
|
.Ip "\fB\-crlf\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-crlf"
|
|
this option translated a line feed from the terminal into \s-1CR+LF\s0 as required
|
|
by some servers.
|
|
.Ip "\fB\-ign_eof\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-ign_eof"
|
|
inhibit shutting down the connection when end of file is reached in the
|
|
input.
|
|
.Ip "\fB\-quiet\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-quiet"
|
|
inhibit printing of session and certificate information. This implicitly
|
|
turns on \fB\-ign_eof\fR as well.
|
|
.Ip "\fB\-ssl2\fR, \fB\-ssl3\fR, \fB\-tls1\fR, \fB\-no_ssl2\fR, \fB\-no_ssl3\fR, \fB\-no_tls1\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-ssl2, -ssl3, -tls1, -no_ssl2, -no_ssl3, -no_tls1"
|
|
these options disable the use of certain \s-1SSL\s0 or \s-1TLS\s0 protocols. By default
|
|
the initial handshake uses a method which should be compatible with all
|
|
servers and permit them to use \s-1SSL\s0 v3, \s-1SSL\s0 v2 or \s-1TLS\s0 as appropriate.
|
|
.Sp
|
|
Unfortunately there are a lot of ancient and broken servers in use which
|
|
cannot handle this technique and will fail to connect. Some servers only
|
|
work if \s-1TLS\s0 is turned off with the \fB\-no_tls\fR option others will only
|
|
support \s-1SSL\s0 v2 and may need the \fB\-ssl2\fR option.
|
|
.Ip "\fB\-bugs\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-bugs"
|
|
there are several known bug in \s-1SSL\s0 and \s-1TLS\s0 implementations. Adding this
|
|
option enables various workarounds.
|
|
.Ip "\fB\-cipher cipherlist\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-cipher cipherlist"
|
|
this allows the cipher list sent by the client to be modified. Although
|
|
the server determines which cipher suite is used it should take the first
|
|
supported cipher in the list sent by the client. See the \fBciphers\fR
|
|
command for more information.
|
|
.Ip "\fB\-starttls protocol\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-starttls protocol"
|
|
send the protocol-specific \fImessage\fR\|(s) to switch to \s-1TLS\s0 for communication.
|
|
\&\fBprotocol\fR is a keyword for the intended protocol. Currently, the only
|
|
supported keyword is \*(L"smtp\*(R".
|
|
.Ip "\fB\-engine id\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-engine id"
|
|
specifying an engine (by it's unique \fBid\fR string) will cause \fBs_client\fR
|
|
to attempt to obtain a functional reference to the specified engine,
|
|
thus initialising it if needed. The engine will then be set as the default
|
|
for all available algorithms.
|
|
.Ip "\fB\-rand \f(BIfile\fB\|(s)\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "-rand file"
|
|
a file or files containing random data used to seed the random number
|
|
generator, or an \s-1EGD\s0 socket (see RAND_egd(3)).
|
|
Multiple files can be specified separated by a OS-dependent character.
|
|
The separator is \fB;\fR for MS-Windows, \fB,\fR for OpenVMS, and \fB:\fR for
|
|
all others.
|
|
.SH "CONNECTED COMMANDS"
|
|
.IX Header "CONNECTED COMMANDS"
|
|
If a connection is established with an \s-1SSL\s0 server then any data received
|
|
from the server is displayed and any key presses will be sent to the
|
|
server. When used interactively (which means neither \fB\-quiet\fR nor \fB\-ign_eof\fR
|
|
have been given), the session will be renegotiated if the line begins with an
|
|
\&\fBR\fR, and if the line begins with a \fBQ\fR or if end of file is reached, the
|
|
connection will be closed down.
|
|
.SH "NOTES"
|
|
.IX Header "NOTES"
|
|
\&\fBs_client\fR can be used to debug \s-1SSL\s0 servers. To connect to an \s-1SSL\s0 \s-1HTTP\s0
|
|
server the command:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& openssl s_client -connect servername:443
|
|
.Ve
|
|
would typically be used (https uses port 443). If the connection succeeds
|
|
then an \s-1HTTP\s0 command can be given such as \*(L"\s-1GET\s0 /\*(R" to retrieve a web page.
|
|
.PP
|
|
If the handshake fails then there are several possible causes, if it is
|
|
nothing obvious like no client certificate then the \fB\-bugs\fR, \fB\-ssl2\fR,
|
|
\&\fB\-ssl3\fR, \fB\-tls1\fR, \fB\-no_ssl2\fR, \fB\-no_ssl3\fR, \fB\-no_tls1\fR can be tried
|
|
in case it is a buggy server. In particular you should play with these
|
|
options \fBbefore\fR submitting a bug report to an OpenSSL mailing list.
|
|
.PP
|
|
A frequent problem when attempting to get client certificates working
|
|
is that a web client complains it has no certificates or gives an empty
|
|
list to choose from. This is normally because the server is not sending
|
|
the clients certificate authority in its \*(L"acceptable \s-1CA\s0 list\*(R" when it
|
|
requests a certificate. By using \fBs_client\fR the \s-1CA\s0 list can be viewed
|
|
and checked. However some servers only request client authentication
|
|
after a specific \s-1URL\s0 is requested. To obtain the list in this case it
|
|
is necessary to use the \fB\-prexit\fR command and send an \s-1HTTP\s0 request
|
|
for an appropriate page.
|
|
.PP
|
|
If a certificate is specified on the command line using the \fB\-cert\fR
|
|
option it will not be used unless the server specifically requests
|
|
a client certificate. Therefor merely including a client certificate
|
|
on the command line is no guarantee that the certificate works.
|
|
.PP
|
|
If there are problems verifying a server certificate then the
|
|
\&\fB\-showcerts\fR option can be used to show the whole chain.
|
|
.SH "BUGS"
|
|
.IX Header "BUGS"
|
|
Because this program has a lot of options and also because some of
|
|
the techniques used are rather old, the C source of s_client is rather
|
|
hard to read and not a model of how things should be done. A typical
|
|
\&\s-1SSL\s0 client program would be much simpler.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The \fB\-verify\fR option should really exit if the server verification
|
|
fails.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The \fB\-prexit\fR option is a bit of a hack. We should really report
|
|
information whenever a session is renegotiated.
|
|
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
|
.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
|
|
openssl_sess_id(1), openssl_s_server(1), openssl_ciphers(1)
|