1484 lines
33 KiB
Plaintext
1484 lines
33 KiB
Plaintext
.\" Copyright (c) 1992, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
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.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)fns.doc 8.2 (Berkeley) 6/1/94
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.\"
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.Ds
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.Fn addch "chtype ch" \(dg
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.De
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Add the character
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.Vn ch
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on the window
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at the current \*y.
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If the character is a newline
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(\'\en\')
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the line will be cleared to the end,
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and the current \*y will be changed to the
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beginning off the next line
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if newline mapping is on,
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or to the next line at the same x co-ordinate
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if it is off.
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A return
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(\'\er\')
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will move to the beginning of the line on the window.
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Tabs
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(\'\et\')
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will be expanded into spaces
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in the normal tabstop positions of
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every eight characters.
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\*(Es
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.Ds
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.Fn addstr "char *str" \(dg
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.De
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Add the string pointed to by
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.Vn str
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on the window at the current \*y.
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\*(Es
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In this case, it will put on as much as it can.
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.Ds
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.Fn addnstr "char *str" "int len" \(dg
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.De
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Add no more than
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.Vn len
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characters of the string pointed to by
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.Vn str
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on the window at the current \*y.
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\*(Es
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In this case, it will put on as much as it can.
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.Ds
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.Fn attroff "int attribute" \(dg
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.De
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Remove character attributes set by
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.Fn attron or
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.Fn attrset .
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To clear all character attributes, use
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.Fn attroff "A_ATTRIBUTES" .
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.Fn attroff "A_STANDOUT"
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is equivalent to
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.Fn standend .
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.Fn attroff "A_UNDERLINE"
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is equivalent to
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.Fn underend .
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.Ds
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.Fn attron "int attribute" \(dg
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.De
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Add character attributes for any characters
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added to the window (if it has that capability).
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The attributes that can be set are \fBA_UNDERLINE\fR,
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\fBA_REVERSE\fR, \fBA_BLINK\fR, \fBA_DIM\fR,
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\fBA_BOLD\fR, \fBA_BLANK\fR and \fBA_PROTECT\fB.
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.Fn attron "A_STANDOUT"
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is equivalent to
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.Fn standout .
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.Fn attron "A_UNDERLINE"
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is equivalent to
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.Fn underscore .
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.Ds
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.Fn attrset "int attribute" \(dg
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.De
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Set character attributes for any characters
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added to the window (if it has that capability).
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.Ds
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.Fn baudrate "" \(dg
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.De
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Returns the output baud rate of the terminal.
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This is a system dependent constant
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(defined in
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.b <sys/tty.h>
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on BSD systems,
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which is included by
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.b <curses.h> ).
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.Ds
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.Fn beep ""
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.De
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Sound the terminal bell. If the terminal has no bell capability,
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but has the ability to flash the screen, do that instead. See also
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.Fn flash
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.Ds
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.Fn bkgd "chtype ch"
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.De
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Sets the background rendition to
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.Vn ch .
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.Ds
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.Fn bkgdset "chtype ch"
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.De
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Sets the background rendition to
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.Vn ch
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and applies this rendition to the window.
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.Ds
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.Fn border "chtype left" "chtype right" "chtype top" "chtype bottom" "chtype topleft" "chtype topright" "chtype botleft" "chtype botright"
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.De
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.Pp
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Draws a border around the window using the characters:
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.Vn left
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for drawing the left side,
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.Vn right
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for drawing the left side,
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.Vn top
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for drawing the top edge,
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.Vn bottom
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for drawing the top edge,
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.Vn topleft
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for drawing the top-left corner,
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.Vn topright
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for drawing the top-right corner,
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.Vn botleft
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for drawing the bottom-left corner, and
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.Vn botright
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for drawing the bottom-right corner. If scrolling is not allowed,
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and the window encompasses the lower right-hand corner of the terminal,
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the corners are left blank to avoid a scroll.
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.Ds
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.Fn box "WINDOW win" "chtype vert" "chtype hor"
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.De
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.Pp
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Draws a box around the window using
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.Vn vert
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as the character for drawing the vertical sides, and
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.Vn hor
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for drawing the horizontal lines.
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If scrolling is not allowed,
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and the window encompasses the lower right-hand corner of the terminal,
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the corners are left blank to avoid a scroll.
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.Ds
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.Fn can_change_colors ""
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.De
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Check if terminal can change colors.
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.Ds
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.Fn cbreak "" \(dg
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.De
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Set the terminal to cbreak mode.
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.Ds
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.Fn clear "" \(dg
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.De
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Resets the entire window to blanks.
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If
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.Vn win
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is a screen,
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this sets the clear flag,
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which will cause a clear-screen sequence to be sent
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on the next
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.Fn refresh
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call.
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This also moves the current \*y
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to (0\*,0).
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.Ds
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.Fn clearok "WINDOW *scr" "int boolf" \(dg
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.De
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Sets the clear flag for the screen
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.Vn scr .
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If
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.Vn boolf
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is non-zero,
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this will force a clear-screen to be printed on the next
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.Fn refresh ,
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or stop it from doing so if
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.Vn boolf
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is 0.
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This only works on screens,
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and,
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unlike
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.Fn clear ,
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does not alter the contents of the screen.
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If
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.Vn scr
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is
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.Vn curscr ,
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the next
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.Fn refresh
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call will cause a clear-screen,
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even if the window passed to
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.Fn refresh
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is not a screen.
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.Ds
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.Fn clrtobot "" \(dg
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.De
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Wipes the window clear from the current \*y to the bottom.
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This does not force a clear-screen sequence on the next refresh
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under any circumstances.
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\*(Nm
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.Ds
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.Fn clrtoeol "" \(dg
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.De
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Wipes the window clear from the current \*y to the end of the line.
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\*(Nm
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.Ds
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.Fn color_content "short color" "short *red" "short *green" "short *blue"
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.De
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Get the red, green and blue values of color
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.Vn color .
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.Ds
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.Fn copywin "const WINDOW *src" "WINDOW *dst" "int sminrow" "int smincol" "int dminrow" "int dmincol" "int dmaxrow" "int dmaxcol" "int overlay"
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.De
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Copies the contents of the window
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.Vn src
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starting at (
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.Vn sminrow ,
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.Vn smincol )
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to the destination window
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.Vn dst
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starting at (
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.Vn dminrow ,
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.Vn dmincol )
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and ending at either the end of the source window or (
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.Vn dmaxrow ,
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.Vn dmaxcol )
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whichever is the lesser. The parameter
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.Vn overlay
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determines the nature of the copy. If
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.Vn overlay
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is TRUE then only the non-space characters from
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.Vn src
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are copied to
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.Vn dst .
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If
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.Vn overlay
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is FALSE then all characters are copied from
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.Vn src
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to
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.Vn dst.
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.Ds
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.Fn curs_set "int visibility"
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.De
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Sets the visibility of the screen cursor. The parameter
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.Vn visibility
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can be one of three values, 0 means make the cursor invisible, 1 means
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set the cursor to normal visibility and 2 sets the cursor to high
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visibility. In all cases the old mode of the cursor is returned if
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the call was successful and
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.b ERR
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is returned if the terminal cannot support the requested visibility
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mode.
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.Ds
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.Fn crmode "" \(dg
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.De
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Identical to
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.Fn cbreak .
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The misnamed macro
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.Fn crmode
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and
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.Fn nocrmode
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is retained for backwards compatibility
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with ealier versions of the library.
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.Ds
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.Fn delay_output "int ms"
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.De
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Pause output for
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.Vn ms
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milliseconds using the terminal pad character.
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.Ds
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.Fn def_prog_mode ""
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.De
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Save the current terminal modes as the \'in curses\' state for use with
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.Fn reset_prog_mode .
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.Ds
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.Fn def_shell_mode ""
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.De
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Save the current terminal modes as the \'not in curses\' state for use with
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.Fn reset_shell_mode .
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.Ds
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.Fn delch ""
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.De
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Delete the character at the current \*y.
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Each character after it on the line shifts to the left,
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and the last character becomes blank.
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.Ds
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.Fn deleteln ""
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.De
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Delete the current line.
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Every line below the current one will move up,
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and the bottom line will become blank.
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The current \*y will remain unchanged.
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.Ds
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.Fn delscreen "SCREEN *screen"
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.De
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Delete the screen and frees all associated resources.
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.Ds
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.Fn delwin "WINDOW *win"
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.De
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Deletes the window from existence.
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All resources are freed for future use by
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.b calloc (3).
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If a window has a
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.Fn subwin
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allocated window inside of it,
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deleting the outer window
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the subwindow is not affected,
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even though this does invalidate it.
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Therefore,
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subwindows should be deleted before their
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outer windows are.
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.Ds
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.Fn derwin "WINDOW *orig" "int nlines" "int ncols" "int by" "int bx"
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.De
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Performs a function very similar to that of
|
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.Fn subwin .
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The difference being that with
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.Fn derwin
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the origin of the child window given by (
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.Vn by ,
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.Vn bx )
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is relative to the origin of the parent window
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.Vn orig
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instead of being absolute screen coordinates as they are in
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.Fn subwin .
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.Ds
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.Fn doupdate ""
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.De
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Synchronize the terminal screen with the virtual screen that
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has had window contents added to it by calls to
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.Fn wnoutrefresh .
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.Ds
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.Fn dupwin "WINDOW *win"
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.De
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Creates an exact copy of the window
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.Vn win .
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.Ds
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.Fn echo "" \(dg
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.De
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Sets the terminal to echo characters.
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.Ds
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.Fn endwin ""
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.De
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Finish up window routines before exit.
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This restores the terminal to the state it was before
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.Fn initscr
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(or
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.Fn gettmode
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and
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.Fn setterm )
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was called.
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It should always be called before exiting and before the final calls to
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.Fn delwin .
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It does not exit.
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This is especially useful for resetting tty stats
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when trapping rubouts via
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.b signal (2).
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.Ds
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.Fn erase "" \(dg
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.De
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Erases the window to blanks without setting the clear flag.
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This is analagous to
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.Fn clear ,
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except that it never causes a clear-screen sequence to be generated
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on a
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.Fn refresh .
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\*(Nm
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.Ds
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.Fn erasechar "" \(dg
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.De
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Returns the erase character
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for the terminal,
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.i i.e. ,
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the character used by the user to erase a single character from the input.
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.Ds
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.Fn flash ""
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.De
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Flash the terminal screen. If the terminal has no flash capability,
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but has the ability to sound the bell, do that instead. See also
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.Fn bell
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.Ds
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.Fn flushinp ""
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.De
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Throw away any input that has been typed by the user but has not yet
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been read by the program.
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.Ds
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.Fn flushok "WINDOW *win" "int boolf"
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.De
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Normally,
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.Fn refresh
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.Fn fflush 's
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.Vn stdout
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when it is finished.
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.Fn flushok
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allows you to control this.
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if
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.Vn boolf
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is non-zero
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(\c
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.i i.e. ,
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non-zero)
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it will do the
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.Fn fflush ,
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otherwise it will not.
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.Ds
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.Fn getattrs "WINDOW *win"
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.De
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Gets the attributes for
|
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.Vn win .
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.Ds
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.Fn getbkgd "WINDOW *win"
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.De
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Gets the background rendition for
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.Vn win .
|
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.Ds
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.Fn getcap "char *name"
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.De
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Get the terminal capability
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.Vn name .
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.Ds
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.Fn getch "" \(dg
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.De
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Gets a character from the terminal and (if necessary)
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echos it on the window.
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\*(Es
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Otherwise, the character gotten is returned.
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If
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.i noecho
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has been set, then the window is left unaltered.
|
|
In order to retain control of the terminal,
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|
it is necessary to have one of
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.i noecho ,
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|
.i cbreak ,
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or
|
|
.i rawmode
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set.
|
|
If you do not set one,
|
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whatever routine you call to read characters will set
|
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.i cbreak
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for you,
|
|
and then reset to the original mode when finished.
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.Ds
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.Fn getcury "WINDOW *win"
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.De
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Get current y position on
|
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.Vn win .
|
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.Ds
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.Fn getcurx "WINDOW *win"
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.De
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Get current x position on
|
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.Vn win .
|
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.Ds
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.Fn getbegy "WINDOW *win"
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.De
|
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Get start y position on
|
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.Vn win .
|
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.Ds
|
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.Fn getbegx "WINDOW *win"
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.De
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Get start x position on
|
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.Vn win .
|
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.Ds
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.Fn getmaxy "WINDOW *win"
|
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.De
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Get maximum y position on
|
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.Vn win .
|
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.Ds
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.Fn getmaxx "WINDOW *win"
|
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.De
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|
Get maximum x position on
|
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.Vn win .
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.Ds
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.Fn getnstr "char *str" \(dg
|
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.De
|
|
Get a string through the window
|
|
and put it in the location pointed to by
|
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.Vn str .
|
|
A maximum of
|
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.Vn n
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characters is returned (including the trailing null).
|
|
It sets tty modes if necessary,
|
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and then calls
|
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.Fn getch
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(or
|
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.Fn wgetch )
|
|
to get the characters needed to fill in the string
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until a newline or EOF is encountered.
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|
The newline stripped off the string.
|
|
\*(Es
|
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.Ds
|
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.Fn getstr "char *str" \(dg
|
|
.De
|
|
Get a string through the window
|
|
and put it in the location pointed to by
|
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.Vn str ,
|
|
which is assumed to be large enough to handle it.
|
|
It sets tty modes if necessary,
|
|
and then calls
|
|
.Fn getch
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|
(or
|
|
.Fn wgetch )
|
|
to get the characters needed to fill in the string
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until a newline or EOF is encountered.
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The newline stripped off the string.
|
|
\*(Es
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.Ds
|
|
.Fn getparx "WINDOW *win"
|
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.De
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|
Returns the x location of the given subwindow relative to the parent
|
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window. If the window is not a subwindow then -1 is returned.
|
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.Ds
|
|
.Fn getpary "WINDOW *win"
|
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.De
|
|
Returns the y location of the given subwindow relative to the parent
|
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window. If the window is not a subwindow then -1 is returned.
|
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.Ds
|
|
.Fn getpary "WINDOW *win" "int y" "int x"
|
|
Is a macro that sets the
|
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.Vn y
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and
|
|
.Vn x
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|
parameters to the respective coordinates of the top left hand corner
|
|
of the subwindow relative to the parent window. If the given window
|
|
.Vn win
|
|
is not a subwindow then both
|
|
.Vn y
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|
and
|
|
.Vn x
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|
will be set to -1.
|
|
.De
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn gettmode ""
|
|
.De
|
|
Get the tty stats.
|
|
This is normally called by
|
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.Fn initscr .
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn getyx "WINDOW *win" "int y" "int x"
|
|
.De
|
|
Puts the current \*y of
|
|
.Vn win
|
|
in the variables
|
|
.Vn y
|
|
and
|
|
.Vn x .
|
|
Since it is a macro,
|
|
not a function,
|
|
you do not pass the address
|
|
of
|
|
.Vn y
|
|
and
|
|
.Vn x .
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn has_colors ""
|
|
.De
|
|
Check if terminal has colors.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn hline "chtype ch" "int count"
|
|
.De
|
|
Draw a horizontal line of the character ch starting at the current
|
|
cursor position and moving towards the rightmost column. At most
|
|
.Vn count
|
|
characters will be written, less if the edge of the screen is reached
|
|
before
|
|
.Vn count
|
|
is reached.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn idlok "WINDOW *win" "int boolf"
|
|
.De
|
|
Reserved for future use.
|
|
This will eventually signal to
|
|
.Fn refresh
|
|
that it is all right to use the insert and delete line sequences
|
|
when updating the window.
|
|
.ne 1i
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn inch "" \(dg
|
|
.De
|
|
Returns the character at the current position on the given window.
|
|
This does not make any changes to the window.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn inchnstr "chtype *chstr" "int n"
|
|
.De
|
|
Get an array of at most
|
|
.Vn n
|
|
characters and renditions starting at the current cursor position and
|
|
ending at the end of the line and put it in the location pointed to by
|
|
.Vn chstr .
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn inchstr "chtype *chstr"
|
|
.De
|
|
Get an array of characters and renditions starting at the current cursor
|
|
position and ending at the end of the line and put it in the location
|
|
pointed to by
|
|
.Vn chstr ,
|
|
which is assumed to be large enough to handle it.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn innstr "char *str" "int n"
|
|
.De
|
|
Get a string of at most
|
|
.Vn n
|
|
characters starting at the current cursor position and ending at the end
|
|
of the line and put it in the location pointed to by
|
|
.Vn str .
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn init_color "short color" "short red" "short green" "short blue"
|
|
.De
|
|
Set the red, green and blue values of color
|
|
.Vn color .
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn init_pair "short pair" "short fore" "short back"
|
|
.De
|
|
Set the foreground and background colors of pair
|
|
.Vn pair .
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn initscr ""
|
|
.De
|
|
Initialize the screen routines.
|
|
This must be called before any of the screen routines are used.
|
|
It initializes the terminal-type data and such,
|
|
and without it none of the routines can operate.
|
|
If standard input is not a tty,
|
|
it sets the specifications to the terminal
|
|
whose name is pointed to by
|
|
.Vn Def\*_term
|
|
(initially "dumb").
|
|
If the boolean
|
|
.Vn My\*_term
|
|
is non-zero,
|
|
.Vn Def\*_term
|
|
is always used.
|
|
If the system supports the
|
|
.b TIOCGWINSZ
|
|
.i ioctl(2)
|
|
call,
|
|
it is used to get the number of lines and columns for the terminal,
|
|
otherwise it is taken from the
|
|
.b termcap
|
|
description.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn insch "char c"
|
|
.De
|
|
Insert
|
|
.Vn c
|
|
at the current \*y
|
|
Each character after it shifts to the right,
|
|
and the last character disappears.
|
|
\*(Es
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn insdelln "int n"
|
|
.De
|
|
If
|
|
.Vn n
|
|
is positive insert
|
|
.Vn n
|
|
lines above the current one.
|
|
Every line below the current line
|
|
will be shifted down,
|
|
and the last
|
|
.Vn n
|
|
lines will disappear.
|
|
If
|
|
.Vn n
|
|
is negative, delete
|
|
.Vn n
|
|
lines starting from the current one.
|
|
The last
|
|
.Vn n
|
|
lines are cleared.
|
|
The current \*y will remain unchanged.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn insertln ""
|
|
.De
|
|
Insert a line above the current one.
|
|
Every line below the current line
|
|
will be shifted down,
|
|
and the bottom line will disappear.
|
|
The current line will become blank,
|
|
and the current \*y will remain unchanged.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn instr "char *str"
|
|
.De
|
|
Get an string starting at the current cursor position and ending at the
|
|
end of the line and put it in the location pointed to by
|
|
.Vn str ,
|
|
which is assumed to be large enough to handle it.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn is_linetouched "WINDOW *win" "int line"
|
|
.De
|
|
Returns TRUE if
|
|
.Vn line
|
|
in the window
|
|
.Vn win
|
|
has been modified since the last call to
|
|
.Fn wrefresh .
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn is_wintouched "WINDOW *win" "int line"
|
|
.De
|
|
Returns TRUE if the window
|
|
.Vn win
|
|
has been modified since the last call to
|
|
.Fn wrefresh .
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn isendwin ""
|
|
.De
|
|
Returns TRUE if
|
|
.Fn endwin
|
|
has been called without a subsequent call to
|
|
.Fn wrefresh ,
|
|
and FALSE otherwise.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn intrflush "WINDOW *win" "int boolf"
|
|
.De
|
|
Sets the terminal flush on interrupt mode. If
|
|
.Vn boolf
|
|
is non-zero, flushing of the output buffer will occur when an
|
|
interrupt key is pressed. The default is inherited from the
|
|
terminal settings.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn keypad "WINDOW *win" "int boolf"
|
|
.De
|
|
Sets the boolean flag for interpretation of escape sequences. If
|
|
.Vn boolf
|
|
is non-zero, escape sequences from terminal keypad and function
|
|
keys will be interpreted by the library. Escape sequences are not
|
|
interpreted by default. The include file
|
|
.b <curses.h>
|
|
contains the list of recognised keypad and function keys. See also
|
|
.Fn notimeout .
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn killchar "" \(dg
|
|
.De
|
|
Returns the line kill character
|
|
for the terminal,
|
|
.i i.e. ,
|
|
the character used by the user to erase an entire line from the input.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn leaveok "WINDOW *win" "int boolf" \(dg
|
|
.De
|
|
Sets the boolean flag for leaving the cursor after the last change.
|
|
If
|
|
.Vn boolf
|
|
is non-zero,
|
|
the cursor will be left after the last update on the terminal,
|
|
and the current \*y for
|
|
.Vn win
|
|
will be changed accordingly.
|
|
If
|
|
.Vn boolf
|
|
is 0 the cursor will be moved to the current \*y.
|
|
This flag
|
|
(initially 0)
|
|
retains its value until changed by the user.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn longname "" \(dg
|
|
.De
|
|
Returns a string containing the verbose description of the terminal.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn meta "WINDOW *win" "bool bf"
|
|
.De
|
|
Manipulates the meta mode on terminals that support this capability.
|
|
Note that
|
|
.Vn win
|
|
is always ignored.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn move "int y" "int x"
|
|
.De
|
|
Change the current \*y of the window to
|
|
.Vn y\*,x ). (
|
|
\*(Es
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn mvcur "int lasty" "int lastx" "int newy" "int newx"
|
|
.De
|
|
Moves the terminal's cursor from
|
|
.Vn lasty\*,lastx ) (
|
|
to
|
|
.Vn newy\*,newx ) (
|
|
in an approximation of optimal fashion.
|
|
This routine uses the functions borrowed from
|
|
.i ex
|
|
version 2.6.
|
|
It is possible to use this optimization
|
|
without the benefit of the screen routines.
|
|
With the screen routines, this should not be called by the user.
|
|
.Fn move
|
|
and
|
|
.Fn refresh
|
|
should be used to move the cursor position,
|
|
so that the routines know what's going on.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn mvderwin "WINDOW *win" "int y" "int x"
|
|
.De
|
|
Moves the subwindow
|
|
.Vn win
|
|
to the location
|
|
.Vn y\*,x ) (
|
|
where the location is relative to the top left hand corner of the
|
|
parent window. This call will return ERR if
|
|
.Vn win
|
|
is not a subwindow or if the relocated window would lie outside the
|
|
parent window.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn mvhline "int y" "int x" "chtype ch" "int count"
|
|
.De
|
|
Moves the cursor to the position
|
|
.Vn (y ,
|
|
.Vn x )
|
|
and then draws a horizontal line in the same manner as
|
|
.Fn hline .
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn mvprintw "int y" "int x" "const char *fmt" "..."
|
|
.De
|
|
Equivalent to:
|
|
.(l
|
|
move(y, x);
|
|
printw(fmt, ...);
|
|
.)l
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn mvscanw "int y" "int x" "const char *fmt" "..."
|
|
.De
|
|
Equivalent to:
|
|
.(l
|
|
move(y, x);
|
|
scanw(fmt, ...);
|
|
.)l
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn mvvline "int y" "int x" "chtype ch" "int count"
|
|
.De
|
|
Moves the cursor to the position
|
|
.Vn (y ,
|
|
.Vn x )
|
|
and then draws a vertical line in the same manner as
|
|
.Fn vline .
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn mvwhline "WINDOW *win" "int y" "int x" "chtype ch" "int count"
|
|
.De
|
|
Moves the cursor to the position
|
|
.Vn (y ,
|
|
.Vn x )
|
|
on window
|
|
.Vn win
|
|
and then draws a horizontal line in the same manner as
|
|
.Fn whline .
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn mvwvline "WINDOW *win" "int y" "int x" "chtype ch" "int count"
|
|
.De
|
|
Moves the cursor to the position
|
|
.Vn (y ,
|
|
.Vn x )
|
|
on window
|
|
.Vn win
|
|
and then draws a horizontal line in the same manner as
|
|
.Fn wvline .
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn mvwin "WINDOW *win" "int y" "int x"
|
|
.De
|
|
Move the home position of the window
|
|
.Vn win
|
|
from its current starting coordinates
|
|
to
|
|
.Vn y\*,x ). (
|
|
If that would put part or all of the window
|
|
off the edge of the terminal screen,
|
|
.Fn mvwin
|
|
returns ERR and does not change anything.
|
|
For subwindows,
|
|
.Fn mvwin
|
|
also returns ERR if you attempt to move it off its main window.
|
|
If you move a main window,
|
|
all subwindows are moved along with it.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn mvwprintw "WINDOW *win" "int y" "int x" "const char *fmt" "..."
|
|
.De
|
|
Equivalent to:
|
|
.(l
|
|
wmove(win, y, x);
|
|
printw(fmt, ...);
|
|
.)l
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn mvwscanw "WINDOW *win" "int y" "int x" "const char *fmt" "..."
|
|
.De
|
|
Equivalent to:
|
|
.(l
|
|
wmove(win, y, x);
|
|
scanw(fmt, ...);
|
|
.)l
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn napms "int ms"
|
|
.De
|
|
Sleep for
|
|
.Vn ms
|
|
milliseconds.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Ft "SCREEN *"
|
|
.Fn newterm "char *type" "FILE *outfd" "FILE *infd"
|
|
.De
|
|
Iinitialise the curses subsystem to use the terminal of type
|
|
.Vn type
|
|
connected via the input and output streams
|
|
.Vn infd,outfd.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fn newterm
|
|
is used in multi-terminal applications and returns a pointer to a
|
|
.Ft "SCREEN"
|
|
structure that holds the state for that particular terminal. The
|
|
application may swap between the terminals by calling the
|
|
.Fn set_term
|
|
function. If the
|
|
.Vn type
|
|
parameter is NULL then the $TERM variable is used as the terminal type.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Ft "WINDOW *"
|
|
.Fn newwin "int lines" "int cols" "int begin_y" "int begin_x"
|
|
.De
|
|
Create a new window with
|
|
.Vn lines
|
|
lines and
|
|
.Vn cols
|
|
columns starting at position
|
|
.Vn begin\*_y\*,begin\*_x ). (
|
|
If either
|
|
.Vn lines
|
|
or
|
|
.Vn cols
|
|
is 0 (zero),
|
|
that dimension will be set to
|
|
.Vn "LINES \- begin\*_y" ) (
|
|
or
|
|
.Vn "COLS \- begin\*_x" ) (
|
|
respectively.
|
|
Thus, to get a new window of dimensions
|
|
.Vn LINES
|
|
\(mu
|
|
.Vn COLS ,
|
|
use
|
|
.Fn newwin 0 0 0 0 .
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn nl "" \(dg
|
|
.De
|
|
Set the terminal to nl mode,
|
|
.i i.e. ,
|
|
start/stop the system from mapping
|
|
.b <RETURN>
|
|
to
|
|
.b <LINE-FEED> .
|
|
If the mapping is not done,
|
|
.Fn refresh
|
|
can do more optimization,
|
|
so it is recommended, but not required, to turn it off.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn nocbreak "" \(dg
|
|
.De
|
|
Unset the terminal from cbreak mode.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn nocrmode "" \(dg
|
|
.De
|
|
Identical to
|
|
.Fn nocbreak .
|
|
The misnamed macro
|
|
.Fn nocrmode
|
|
is retained for backwards compatibility
|
|
with ealier versions of the library.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn nodelay "WINDOW *win1" "int boolf"
|
|
.De
|
|
Sets the boolean flag for non-blocking
|
|
.Fn getch .
|
|
If
|
|
.Vn boolf
|
|
is non-zero,
|
|
.Fn getch
|
|
will return ERR is no input is waiting. The default
|
|
is to for
|
|
.Fn getch
|
|
to block indefinitely. See also
|
|
.Fn timeout .
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn noecho "" \(dg
|
|
.De
|
|
Turn echoing of characters off.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn nonl "" \(dg
|
|
.De
|
|
Unset the terminal to from nl mode. See
|
|
.Fn nl .
|
|
.ne 1i
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn noraw "" \(dg
|
|
.De
|
|
Unset the terminal from raw mode. See
|
|
.Fn raw .
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn notimeout "WINDOW *win1" "int boolf"
|
|
.De
|
|
Sets the boolean flag for inter-key timeouts
|
|
for escape sequences interpreted when
|
|
.Fn keypad
|
|
is set.
|
|
By default,
|
|
.Fn keypad
|
|
sets a timer while waiting for the next character of
|
|
an escape sequence.
|
|
If
|
|
.Vn boolf
|
|
is non-zero,
|
|
.Fn getch
|
|
will wait indefinitely between escape sequence characters,
|
|
or until a delay set by
|
|
.Fn timeout
|
|
expires.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn overlay "WINDOW *win1" "WINDOW *win2"
|
|
.De
|
|
Overlay
|
|
.Vn win1
|
|
on
|
|
.Vn win2 .
|
|
The contents of
|
|
.Vn win1 ,
|
|
insofar as they fit,
|
|
are placed on
|
|
.Vn win2
|
|
at their starting \*y.
|
|
This is done non-destructively,
|
|
i.e., blanks on
|
|
.Vn win1
|
|
leave the contents of the space on
|
|
.Vn win2
|
|
untouched. Note that all non-blank characters are overwritten
|
|
destructively in the overlay.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn overwrite "WINDOW *win1" "WINDOW *win2"
|
|
.De
|
|
Overwrite
|
|
.Vn win1
|
|
on
|
|
.Vn win2 .
|
|
The contents of
|
|
.Vn win1 ,
|
|
insofar as they fit,
|
|
are placed on
|
|
.Vn win2
|
|
at their starting \*y.
|
|
This is done destructively,
|
|
.i i.e. ,
|
|
blanks on
|
|
.Vn win1
|
|
become blank on
|
|
.Vn win2 .
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn pair content "short pair" "short *fore" "short *back"
|
|
.De
|
|
Get the foreground and background colors of pair
|
|
.Vn pair .
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn printw "char *fmt" "..."
|
|
.De
|
|
Performs a
|
|
.Fn printf
|
|
on the window starting at the current \*y.
|
|
It uses
|
|
.Fn addstr
|
|
to add the string on the window.
|
|
It is often advisable to use the field width options of
|
|
.Fn printf
|
|
to avoid leaving things on the window from earlier calls.
|
|
\*(Es
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn raw "" \(dg
|
|
.De
|
|
Set the terminal to raw mode.
|
|
On version 7
|
|
.Un \**
|
|
.(f
|
|
\**
|
|
.Un
|
|
is a trademark of Unix System Laboratories.
|
|
.)f
|
|
this also turns off newline mapping
|
|
(see
|
|
.Fn nl ).
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn refresh "" \(dg
|
|
.De
|
|
Synchronize the terminal screen with the desired window.
|
|
If the window is not a screen,
|
|
only that part covered by it is updated.
|
|
\*(Es
|
|
In this case, it will update whatever it can
|
|
without causing the scroll.
|
|
.sp
|
|
As a special case,
|
|
if
|
|
.Fn wrefresh
|
|
is called with the window
|
|
.Vn curscr
|
|
the screen is cleared
|
|
and repainted as it is currently.
|
|
This is very useful for allowing the redrawing of the screen
|
|
when the user has garbage dumped on his terminal.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn reset_prog_mode ""
|
|
.De
|
|
Restore the terminal to the \'in curses\' state.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn reset_shell_mode ""
|
|
.De
|
|
Restore the terminal to the \'not in curses\' state.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn resetty "" \(dg
|
|
.De
|
|
.Fn resetty
|
|
restores them to what
|
|
.Fn savetty
|
|
stored.
|
|
These functions are performed automatically by
|
|
.Fn initscr
|
|
and
|
|
.Fn endwin .
|
|
This function should not be used by the user.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn resizeterm "int lines" "int columns" \(dg
|
|
.De
|
|
Resizes the curses terminal to the given size. All internal curses
|
|
structures are resized to the new dimensions and all curses windows that
|
|
would have boundaries outside the new terminal size will be resized to fit
|
|
within the new boundaries. All windows will be cleared and it is expected
|
|
that the application will redraw the window contents.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn savetty "" \(dg
|
|
.De
|
|
.Fn savetty
|
|
saves the current tty characteristic flags. See
|
|
.Fn resetty .
|
|
This function should not be used by the user.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn scanw "char *fmt" "..."
|
|
.De
|
|
Perform a
|
|
.Fn scanf
|
|
through the window using
|
|
.Vn fmt .
|
|
It does this using consecutive calls to
|
|
.Fn getch
|
|
(or
|
|
.Fn wgetch ).
|
|
\*(Es
|
|
.ne 1i
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn scrl "int n"
|
|
.De
|
|
Scroll the window by
|
|
.Vn n
|
|
lines. If
|
|
.Vn n
|
|
is positive, scroll upward, otherwise
|
|
scroll downward.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn scroll "WINDOW *win"
|
|
.De
|
|
Scroll the window upward one line.
|
|
This is normally not used by the user.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn scrollok "WINDOW *win" "int boolf" \(dg
|
|
.De
|
|
Set the scroll flag for the given window.
|
|
If
|
|
.Vn boolf
|
|
is 0, scrolling is not allowed.
|
|
This is its default setting.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Ft "SCREEN *"
|
|
.Fn set_term "SCREEN *new"
|
|
.De
|
|
Sets the current screen for input and output to be the one given. The
|
|
.Vn new
|
|
structure must be one that has been previously created by the
|
|
.Fn newterm
|
|
function. The
|
|
.Fn set_term
|
|
function returns the previous screen on successful completion.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn standend "" \(dg
|
|
.De
|
|
End standout mode initiated by
|
|
.Fn standout .
|
|
This function is provided for compatibility
|
|
with older curses implementations.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn standout "" \(dg
|
|
.De
|
|
Causes any characters added to the window
|
|
to be put in standout mode on the terminal
|
|
(if it has that capability). This function
|
|
is provided for compatibility with older curses
|
|
implementations. A larger range of character
|
|
attributes supported by modern terminals can be
|
|
accessed using
|
|
.Fn attron
|
|
and
|
|
.Fn attrset .
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn start_color ""
|
|
.De
|
|
Initialize the color routines.
|
|
This must be called before any of the color routines are used.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Ft "WINDOW *"
|
|
.Fn subwin "WINDOW *win" "int lines" "int cols" "int begin_y" "int begin_x"
|
|
.De
|
|
Create a new window with
|
|
.Vn lines
|
|
lines and
|
|
.Vn cols
|
|
columns starting at position
|
|
.Vn begin\*_y\*,begin\*_x ) (
|
|
inside the window
|
|
.i win .
|
|
This means that any change made to either window
|
|
in the area covered
|
|
by the subwindow will be made on both windows.
|
|
.Vn begin\*_y\*,begin\*_x
|
|
are specified relative to the overall screen,
|
|
not the relative (0\*,0) of
|
|
.Vn win .
|
|
If either
|
|
.Vn lines
|
|
or
|
|
.Vn cols
|
|
is 0 (zero),
|
|
that dimension will be set to
|
|
.Vn "LINES \- begin\*_y" ) (
|
|
or
|
|
.Vn "COLS \- begin\*_x" ) (
|
|
respectively.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn timeout "int delay" \(dg
|
|
.De
|
|
Sets blocking or non-blocking
|
|
.Fn getch .
|
|
If
|
|
.Vn delay
|
|
is positive,
|
|
.Fn getch
|
|
will block for
|
|
.Vn delay
|
|
milliseconds before returning. If
|
|
.Vn delay
|
|
is zero,
|
|
.Fn getch
|
|
will return ERR is no input is waiting. If
|
|
.Vn delay
|
|
is negative,
|
|
.Fn getch
|
|
will block indefinitely. See also
|
|
.Fn keypad ,
|
|
.Fn nodelay
|
|
and
|
|
.Fn notimeout .
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn touchline "WINDOW *win" "int y" "int startx" "int endx"
|
|
.De
|
|
This function performs a function similar to
|
|
.Fn touchwin
|
|
on a single line.
|
|
It marks the first change for the given line
|
|
to be
|
|
.Vn startx ,
|
|
if it is before the current first change mark,
|
|
and
|
|
the last change mark is set to be
|
|
.Vn endx
|
|
if it is currently less than
|
|
.Vn endx .
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn touchoverlap "WINDOW *win1" "WINDOW *win2"
|
|
.De
|
|
Touch the window
|
|
.Vn win2
|
|
in the area which overlaps with
|
|
.Vn win1 .
|
|
If they do not overlap,
|
|
no changes are made.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn touchwin "WINDOW *win"
|
|
.De
|
|
Make it appear that the every location on the window
|
|
has been changed.
|
|
This is usually only needed for refreshes with overlapping windows.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn tstp
|
|
.De
|
|
This function
|
|
will save the current tty state
|
|
and then put the process to sleep.
|
|
When the process gets restarted,
|
|
it restores the saved tty state
|
|
and then calls
|
|
.Fn wrefresh "curscr"
|
|
to redraw the screen.
|
|
.Fn Initscr
|
|
sets the signal
|
|
SIGTSTP
|
|
to trap to this routine.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn unctrl "char *ch" \(dg
|
|
.De
|
|
Returns a string which is an ASCII representation of
|
|
.Vn ch .
|
|
Characters are 8 bits long.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn unctrllen "char *ch" \(dg
|
|
.De
|
|
Returns the length of the ASCII representation of
|
|
.Vn ch .
|
|
.ne 1i
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn underend "" \(dg
|
|
.De
|
|
End underscore mode initiated by
|
|
.Fn underscore .
|
|
This is equivalent to
|
|
.Fn attroff "A_UNDERLINE" .
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn underscore "" \(dg
|
|
.De
|
|
Causes any characters added to the window
|
|
to be put in underscore mode on the terminal
|
|
(if it has that capability).
|
|
This is equivalent to
|
|
.Fn attron "A_UNDERLINE" .
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn ungetch "int c"
|
|
.De
|
|
Places the contents of
|
|
.Vn c
|
|
converted to a character back into the input queue. Only one
|
|
character of push back before a subsequent call to
|
|
.Fn getch
|
|
or
|
|
.Fn wgetch
|
|
is guaranteed to function correctly. The results of attempting more
|
|
than one character of push back is undefined.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn untouchwin "WINDOW *win"
|
|
.De
|
|
Make the window appear to have not been updated even if it has been.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn vline "chtype ch" "int count"
|
|
.De
|
|
Draws a vertical line of character
|
|
.Vn ch
|
|
starting at the current cursor location and moving towards the bottom
|
|
of the screen. At most
|
|
.Vn count
|
|
characters are drawn, less if the bottom of the screen is reached
|
|
before
|
|
.Vn count
|
|
expires.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn vwprintw "WINDOW *win" "const char *fmt" "va_list ap"
|
|
.De
|
|
Identical to
|
|
.Fn printw
|
|
except that it takes both a window specification and a pointer to a variable
|
|
length argument list.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn vwscanw "WINDOW *win" "const char *fmt" "va_list ap"
|
|
.De
|
|
Identical to
|
|
.Fn scanw
|
|
except that it takes both a window specification and a pointer to a variable
|
|
length argument list.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn waddbytes "WINDOW *win" "char *str" "int len"
|
|
.De
|
|
This function is the low level character output function.
|
|
.Vn Len
|
|
characters of the string
|
|
.Vn str
|
|
are output to the current \*y position of the window specified by
|
|
.Vn win.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn wnoutrefresh "WINDOW *win"
|
|
.De
|
|
Add the window contents to a virtual screen. Several windows can be added
|
|
before a call to
|
|
.Fn doupdate ,
|
|
thus allowing the screen to updated in an efficient manner.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn wresize "WINDOW *win" "int lines" "int columns"
|
|
.De
|
|
Resize the specified window to the given dimensions. The window will be
|
|
cleared and the application is expected to redraw the window contents.
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn wtouchln "WINDOW *win" "int line" "int n" "int changed"
|
|
.De
|
|
If
|
|
.Vn changed
|
|
is 1 then
|
|
.Vn n
|
|
lines starting at
|
|
.Vn line
|
|
in the window are touched. If
|
|
.Vn changed
|
|
is 0 then
|
|
.Vn n
|
|
lines starting at
|
|
.Vn line
|
|
in the window are untouched.
|
|
.sp 2
|
|
.pp
|
|
\fIThe following functions differ from the standard functions only in their
|
|
specification of a window, rather than the use of the default
|
|
.Vn stdscr.\fP
|
|
.Ds
|
|
.Fn waddch "WINDOW *win" "chtype ch"
|
|
.Fn waddnstr "WINDOW *win" "char *str" "int len"
|
|
.Fn waddstr "WINDOW *win" "char *str"
|
|
.Fn wattroff "WINDOW *win" "int attr"
|
|
.Fn wattron "WINDOW *win" "int attr"
|
|
.Fn wattrset "WINDOW *win" "int attr"
|
|
.Fn wbkgd "WINDOW *win" "chtype ch"
|
|
.Fn wbkgdset "WINDOW *win" "chtype ch"
|
|
.Fn wborder "WINDOW *win" "chtype left" "chtype right" "chtype top" "chtype bottom" "chtype topleft" "chtype topright" "chtype botleft" "chtype botright"
|
|
.Fn wclear "WINDOW *win"
|
|
.Fn wclrtobot "WINDOW *win"
|
|
.Fn wclrtoeol "WINDOW *win"
|
|
.Fn wdelch "WINDOW *win"
|
|
.Fn wdeleteln "WINDOW *win"
|
|
.Fn werase "WINDOW *win"
|
|
.Fn wgetch "WINDOW *win"
|
|
.Fn wgetnstr "WINDOW *win" "char *str" "int len"
|
|
.Fn wgetstr "WINDOW *win" "char *str"
|
|
.Fn whline "WINDOW *win" "chtype ch" "int count"
|
|
.Fn winch "WINDOW *win" \(dg
|
|
.Fn winchnstr "WINDOW *win" "chtype *chstr" "int n"
|
|
.Fn winchstr "WINDOW *win" "chtype *chstr"
|
|
.Fn winnstr "WINDOW *win" "char *str" "int n"
|
|
.Fn winsch "WINDOW *win" "char c"
|
|
.Fn winsdelln "WINDOW *win" "int n"
|
|
.Fn winsertln "WINDOW *win"
|
|
.Fn winstr "WINDOW *win" "char *str"
|
|
.Fn wmove "WINDOW *win" "int y" int x"
|
|
.Fn wprintw "WINDOW *win" "char *fmt" "..."
|
|
.Fn wrefresh "WINDOW *win"
|
|
.Fn wscanw "WINDOW *win" "char *fmt" "..."
|
|
.Fn wscrl "WINDOW *win" "int n"
|
|
.Fn wstandend "WINDOW *win"
|
|
.Fn wstandout "WINDOW *win"
|
|
.Fn wtimeout "WINDOW *win" "int delay"
|
|
.Fn wunderend "WINDOW *win"
|
|
.Fn wunderscore "WINDOW *win"
|
|
.Fn wvline "WINDOW *win" "chtype ch" "int count"
|
|
|
|
.Dg
|