143 lines
4.5 KiB
Groff
143 lines
4.5 KiB
Groff
.\" $NetBSD: kprintf.9,v 1.9 2000/08/09 03:12:33 tv Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1998 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
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.\" by Jeremy Cooper.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the NetBSD
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.\" Foundation, Inc. and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its
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.\" contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
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.\" from this software without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
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.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
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.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
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.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
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.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
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.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
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.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
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.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
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.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
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.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
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.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.Dd September 1, 1998
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.Dt KPRINTF 9
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm printf, snprintf, vprintf, vsnprintf, uprintf, ttyprintf, tprintf
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.Nd kernel formatted output conversion
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Fd #include <sys/systm.h>
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.Ft void
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.Fn "printf" "const char *format" "..."
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.Ft int
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.Fn "snprintf" "char *buf" "size_t size" "const char *format" "..."
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.Ft void
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.Fn "vprintf" "const char *format" "va_list ap"
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.Ft int
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.Fn "vsnprintf" "char *buf" "size_t size" "const char *format" "va_list ap"
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.Ft void
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.Fn "uprintf" "const char *format" "..."
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.Ft void
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.Fn "ttyprintf" "struct tty *tty" "const char *format" "..."
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.Fd #include <sys/tprintf.h>
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.Ft tpr_t
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.Fn "tprintf_open" "struct proc *p"
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.Ft void
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.Fn "tprintf" "tpr_t tpr" "const char *format" "..."
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.Ft void
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.Fn "tprintf_close" "tpr_t tpr"
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Fn printf
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family of functions allows the kernel to send formatted messages to various
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output devices.
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The functions
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.Fn printf
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and
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.Fn vprintf
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send formatted strings to the system console.
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The functions
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.Fn snprintf
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and
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.Fn vsnprintf
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write output to a string buffer. These four functions work similarly
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to their user space counterparts, and are not described in detail here.
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.Pp
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The functions
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.Fn uprintf
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and
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.Fn ttyprintf
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send formatted strings to the current process's controlling tty and a specific
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tty, respectively.
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.Pp
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The
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.Fn tprintf
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function sends formatted strings to a process's controlling tty,
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via a handle of type tpr_t.
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This allows multiple write operations to the tty with a guarantee that the
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tty will be valid across calls. A handle is acquired by calling
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.Fn tprintf_open
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with the target process as an argument. This handle must be closed with
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a matching call to
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.Fn tprintf_close .
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.Sh RETURN VALUES
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The
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.Fn snprintf
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and
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.Fn vsnprintf
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functions return the number of characters placed in the buffer
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.Fa buf .
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr printf 3 ,
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.Xr printf 1 ,
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.Xr bitmask_snprintf 9
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.Sh CODE REFERENCES
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.Pa sys/kern/subr_prf.c
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Fn sprintf
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and
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.Fn vsprintf
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unsized string formatting functions are supported for compatibility only,
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and are not documented here. New code should use the size-limited
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.Fn snprintf
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and
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.Fn vsnprintf
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functions instead.
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.Pp
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In
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.Nx 1.5
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and earlier,
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.Fn printf
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supported more format strings than the user space
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.Fn printf .
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These nonstandard format strings are no longer supported. For the
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functionality provided by the former
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.Li %b
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format string, see
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.Xr bitmask_snprintf 9 .
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.Sh BUGS
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The
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.Fn uprintf
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and
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.Fn ttyprintf
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functions should be used sparingly, if at all. Where multiple lines of
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output are required to reach a process's controlling terminal,
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.Fn tprintf
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is preferred.
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