193 lines
6.5 KiB
Groff
193 lines
6.5 KiB
Groff
.\" $NetBSD: boot_pmax.8,v 1.1 1995/04/25 23:55:11 mellon Exp $
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991 The Regents of the University of California.
|
|
.\" All rights reserved.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
|
|
.\" the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer
|
|
.\" Science Department.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
|
|
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
|
|
.\" are met:
|
|
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
|
|
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
|
|
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
|
|
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
|
|
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
|
|
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
|
|
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
|
|
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
|
|
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
|
|
.\" without specific prior written permission.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
|
|
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
|
|
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
|
|
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
|
|
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
|
|
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
|
|
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
|
|
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
|
|
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
|
|
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
|
|
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.Dd July 23, 1991
|
|
.Dt BOOT 8
|
|
.Os
|
|
.Sh NAME
|
|
.Nm boot
|
|
.Nd
|
|
system bootstrapping procedures
|
|
.Sh DESCRIPTION
|
|
The
|
|
.Tn NetBSD
|
|
kernel is started by placing it at the beginning of physical memory
|
|
and transferring to the entry point.
|
|
Since the system is not reenterable,
|
|
it is necessary to read it in from disk or tape
|
|
each time it is to be bootstrapped.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Sy Power fail and crash recovery.
|
|
Normally, the system will boot itself at power-up or after crashes.
|
|
An automatic consistency check of the file systems will be performed,
|
|
and unless this fails, the system will resume multi-user operations.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Sy Cold starts.
|
|
At power up, all DECstation ROMs consult the
|
|
.Nm haltaction
|
|
environment
|
|
variable in EEPROM to determine whether or not to attempt to boot
|
|
automatically. If this
|
|
variable is set to \fBh\fR, the ROM prints a prompt on the console and
|
|
waits for user commands. If set to \fBb\fR, the ROM attempts to autoboot.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
On the DECstation 2100 and 3100, the path used for automatic booting is
|
|
stored in the
|
|
.Nm bootpath
|
|
environment variable. The path is made up of a
|
|
device type specifier (e.g., rz, tz, mop or tftp) followed by
|
|
a triplet in the form (x,y,z), followed by a filename to load.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Within the triplet, x is the controller (always 0), y is the SCSI id of
|
|
the drive to
|
|
boot from or 0 for net boots, and z is the partition to boot from
|
|
(usually 0 for SCSI devices, always zero for network booting.
|
|
For network boots, () may be specified instead of (0,0,0).
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The filename is optional for bootp/tftp and mop booting, since in
|
|
these cases the network protocol can be used to determine which
|
|
file to boot. When booting off the tape, no filename should be
|
|
specified, and when booting off of disk, the filename of a kernel
|
|
must be specified. Generally, the kernel is named
|
|
.Nm netbsd.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
An example bootpath setting would be:
|
|
.nf
|
|
.sp 1
|
|
.ce 1
|
|
setenv bootpath rz(0,1,0)netbsd
|
|
.fi
|
|
.Pp
|
|
For automatic boots, the ROM automatically passes a
|
|
.Fl a
|
|
argument to the boot
|
|
loader, requesting that
|
|
.Tn NetBSD
|
|
attempt to come up to multi-user mode. At the boot ROM prompt,
|
|
the user may boot
|
|
.Tn NetBSD
|
|
with either the
|
|
.Nm auto
|
|
or the
|
|
.Nm boot
|
|
command. If the
|
|
.Nm auto
|
|
command is used, the
|
|
.Fl a
|
|
argument is passed to the kernel, requesting a multi-user boot; otherwise
|
|
the
|
|
.Fl s
|
|
argument is passed, requesting that
|
|
.Tn NetBSD
|
|
boot to single user mode.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
When either the
|
|
.Nm boot
|
|
or the
|
|
.Nm auto
|
|
command is issued with no arguments, the kernel specified in the bootpath
|
|
environment variable is booted. An alternate kernel may be specified
|
|
with the
|
|
.Fl f
|
|
flag, followed by the path of the kernel to boot, as described above.
|
|
For example:
|
|
.sp 1
|
|
.ce 1
|
|
boot -f rz(0,4,0)netbsd.new
|
|
.Pp
|
|
On TurboChannel machines (all DECstation 5000 models), the boot path
|
|
is specified in the boot environment variable, along with any arguments
|
|
to be passed to the kernel. Note that to specify boot arguments (e.g.,
|
|
.Fl a)
|
|
when setting the
|
|
.Nm boot
|
|
environment variable, the filename and arguments
|
|
must be enclosed in quotes. For example:
|
|
.nf
|
|
.sp 1
|
|
.ce 1
|
|
setenv boot "3/rz4/netbsd -a"
|
|
.fi
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The device from which to boot is specified as the TurboChannel slot
|
|
number, a TurboChannel-option-specific device name, and a path to the
|
|
file to load, all seperated by slashes. You can get a list of the
|
|
devices installed in your TurboChannel slots (as well as any built-in
|
|
devices which appear as TurboChannel slots) by typing the
|
|
.Nm cnfg
|
|
command
|
|
at the boot prompt. You can get more detailed information about a specific
|
|
TurboChannel option by typing
|
|
.Nm cnfg
|
|
followed by the slot number of that
|
|
option.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
For SCSI devices, the option-specific device identifier is either rz# for
|
|
disks or tz# for tapes, where # is the SCSI id of the device. For network
|
|
devices, the option-specific protocol identifier is either mop or tftp.
|
|
Filename requirements are as for the DECstation 2100 and 3100.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
To start
|
|
.Tn NetBSD
|
|
from the boot prompt, the
|
|
.Nm boot
|
|
command must be used. With no arguments, this simply boots the default
|
|
kernel with the default arguments as set with
|
|
.Nm setenv
|
|
.Nm boot.
|
|
If no boot environment variable is set or if an alternate kernel is to be
|
|
booted, the path of that kernel may be specified after the boot command as
|
|
described above, and any arguments may be passed similarly. For example:
|
|
.sp 1
|
|
.ce 1
|
|
boot 3/rz4/netbsd.new -a
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr crash 8m ,
|
|
.Xr fsck 8 ,
|
|
.Xr halt 8 ,
|
|
.Xr init 8 ,
|
|
.Xr newfs 8 ,
|
|
.Xr rc 8 ,
|
|
.Xr shutdown 8 ,
|
|
.Xr syslogd 8 ,
|
|
.Xr reboot 8
|
|
.Sh HISTORY
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
command is
|
|
.Ud .
|