199 lines
9.0 KiB
Plaintext
199 lines
9.0 KiB
Plaintext
Installation is supported from several media types, including:
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DOS floppies
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Tape
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Remote NFS partition
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FTP
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No matter which installation medium you choose, you'll need to have
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two floppy disks available (either 1.2M or 1.44 will work, though
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both should be the same type). On the first, you'll put the
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kernel-copy image that's appropriate for your system. On the second,
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you'll put the install or upgrade floppy image, depending on whether
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you're installing NetBSD for the first time, or upgrading a previous
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installation.
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If you are using an Adaptec AHA-154x or Buslogic BT-54x SCSI host
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adapter, you need the kcaha-10.fs kernel-copy image. If you're using
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a Buslogic BT-445, BT-74x, or BT-9xx SCSI host adapter, you'll need
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the kcbt-10.fs image. If you're using a disk controller other than
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those mentioned above, either kernel-copy disk image will work for
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you.
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If you are using a UN*X-like system to write the floppy images to
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disks, you should use the "dd" command to copy the file system images
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(.fs files) directly to the raw floppy disks. It is suggested that
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you read the dd(1) manual page or ask your system administrator to
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determine the correct set of arguments to use; it will be slightly
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different from system to system, and a comprehensive list of the
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possibilities is beyond the scope of this document.
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If you are using DOS to write the floppy images to disks, you should
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use the "rawrite" utility, provided in the "i386/utilities" directory
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of the NetBSD distribution. It will write the file system images (.fs
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files) to disks.
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Note that, when installing, the kernel-copy floppy can be write-protected
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(i.e. read-only), but the install floppy MUST not be write-protected.
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The install program needs to write some temporary files, and if the
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disk is write-protected, it can't. If you're upgrading your system,
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both the kernel-copy and upgrade floppies may be write-protected.
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Obviously, the steps necessary to prepare the distribution sets for
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installation or upgrade depend on which installation medium you
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choose. The steps for the various media are outlined below.
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To install or upgrade NetBSD using DOS floppies, you need to do the
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following:
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NOTE THAT THE NetBSD 1.0 DISTRIBUTION DOES _NOT_ SUPPORT
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INSTALLATION VIA FLOPPY ON MACHINES WITH ONE FLOPPY DRIVE.
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If you only have one floppy drive, it is recommended that you
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install/upgrade the minimum sets (i.e. base10 and etc10 for
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installation, base10 only for upgrade) via another method,
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then load and extract the remaining sets by hand. This will
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be fixed in a future release.
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Count the number of "set_name.xx" files that make up the
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distribution sets you want to install or upgrade. You will
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need one fifth that number of 1.2M floppies, or one sixth that
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number of 1.44M floppies. You should only use one size of
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floppy for the install or upgrade procedure; you can't use
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some 1.2M floppies and some 1.44M floppies. Additionally,
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note that you can't boot and load the distributions from the
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same floppy drive. In other words, if you're booting the
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install floppies from one drive, you will be reading these
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floppies from the _other_, so be sure to use the right type
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of floppies!
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Format all of the floppies with DOS. DO NOT make any of them
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bootable DOS floppies, i.e. don't use "format/s" to format
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them. (If the floppies are bootable, then the DOS system
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files that make them bootable will take up some space, and you
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won't be able to fit as many distribution set parts per disk.)
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If you're using floppies that are formatted for DOS by their
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manufacturers, they probably aren't bootable, and you can use
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them out of the box.
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Place all of the "set_name.xx" files on the DOS disks, five
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per disk if you're using 1.2M disks, six per disk if you're
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using 1.44M disks. How you do this is up to you; there are
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many possibilities. You could, for instance, use a DOS
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terminal program to download them on to the floppies, or use
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a UN*X-like system capable of reading and writing DOS file
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systems (either with "mtools" or a real DOS file system)
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to place them on the disk.
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Once you have the files on DOS disks, you can proceed to the
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next step in the installation or upgrade process. If you're
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installing NetBSD from scratch, go to the section on preparing
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your hard disk, below. If you're upgrading an existing
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installation, go directly to the section on upgrading.
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To install or upgrade NetBSD using a tape, you need to do the
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following:
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To install NetBSD from a tape, you need to make a tape that
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contains the distribution set files, in "tar" format. If
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you're making the tape on a UN*X-like system, the easiest way
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to do so is probably something like:
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tar cf <tape_device> <dist_directories>
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where "<tape_device>" is the name of the tape device that
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describes the tape drive you're using (possibly /dev/rst0, or
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something similar, but it will vary from system to system.
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(If you can't figure it out, ask your system administrator.)
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In the above example, "<dist_directories>" are the
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distribution sets' directories, for the distribution sets you
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wish to place on the tape. For instance, to put the "base10"
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and "etc10" distributions on tape (in order to do the absolute
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minimum installation to a new disk), you would do the
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following:
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cd .../NetBSD-1.0 # the top of the tree
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cd i386/binary
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tar cf <tape_device> base10 etc10
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(Note that you still need to fill in "<tape_device>" in the
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example.)
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Once you have the files on the tape, you can proceed to the
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next step in the installation or upgrade process. If you're
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installing NetBSD from scratch, go to the section on preparing
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your hard disk, below. If you're upgrading an existing
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installation, go directly to the section on upgrading.
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To install or upgrade NetBSD using a remote partition, mounted via
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NFS, you must do the following:
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NOTE: This method of installation is recommended only for
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those already familiar with using BSD network
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configuration and management commands. If you aren't,
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this documentation should help, but is not intended to
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be all-encompassing.
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Place the NetBSD distribution sets you wish to install into a
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directory on an NFS server, and make that directory mountable
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by the machine on which you are installing or upgrading NetBSD.
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This will probably require modifying the /etc/exports file on
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of the NFS server and resetting its mount daemon (mountd).
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(Both of these actions will probably require superuser
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privileges on the server.)
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You need to know the the numeric IP address of the NFS server,
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and, if the server is not on a network directly connected to
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the machine on which you're installing or upgrading NetBSD,
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you need to know the numeric IP address of the router closest
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to the NetBSD machine. Finally, you need to know the numeric
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IP address of the NetBSD machine itself.
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Once the NFS server is set up properly and you have the
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information mentioned above, you can proceed to the next step
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in the installation or upgrade process. If you're installing
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NetBSD from scratch, go to the section on preparing your hard
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disk, below. If you're upgrading an existing installation, go
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directly to the section on upgrading.
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To install or upgrade NetBSD by using FTP to get the installation
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sets, you must do the following:
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NOTE: This method of installation is recommended only for
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those already familiar with using BSD network
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configuration and management commands. If you aren't,
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this documentation should help, but is not intended to
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be all-encompassing.
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The preparations for this installation/upgrade method are
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easy; all you make sure that there's some FTP site from which
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you can retrieve the NetBSD distribution when you're about to
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install or upgrade. You need to know the numeric IP address
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of that site, and, if it's not on a network directly connected
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to the machine on which you're installing or upgrading NetBSD,
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you need to know the numeric IP address of the router closest
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to the NetBSD machine. Finally, you need to know the numeric
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IP address of the NetBSD machine itself.
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Once you have this information, you can proceed to the next
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step in the installation or upgrade process. If you're
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installing NetBSD from scratch, go to the section on
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preparing your hard disk, below. If you're upgrading an
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existing installation, go directly to the section on
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upgrading.
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If you are upgrading NetBSD, you also have the option of installing
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NetBSD by putting the new distribution sets somewhere in your existing
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file system, and using them from there. To do that, you must do the
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following:
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Place the distribution sets you wish to upgrade somewhere in
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your current file system tree. At a bare minimum, you must
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upgrade the "base" binary distribution, and so must put the
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"base10" set somewhere in your file system. If you wish,
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you can do the other sets, as well, but you should NOT upgrade
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the "etc" distribution; the "etc" distribution contains system
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configuration files that you should review and update by hand.
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Once you have done this, you can proceed to the next step in
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the upgrade process, actually upgrading your system.
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