171 lines
8.2 KiB
Plaintext
171 lines
8.2 KiB
Plaintext
The upgrade to NetBSD _VER is a binary upgrade; it would be prohibitive
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to make users upgrade by compiling and installing the _VER sources, and
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it would be very difficult to even compile a set of instructions that
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allowed them to do so. Because of the many changes to the system, it
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is difficult and impractical to upgrade by recompiling from the sources
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and installing.
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To do the upgrade, you must have the boot floppy image (boot-12G.fs)
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available. You must also have at least the "base12G" and "kern12G"
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binary distribution sets available, so that you can upgrade with it,
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using one of the upgrade methods described above. Finally, you must
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have sufficient disk space available to install the new binaries.
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Since the old binaries are being overwritten in place, you only need
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space for the new binaries, which weren't previously on the system.
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If you have a few megabytes free on each of your root and /usr
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partitions, you should have enough space.
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Since upgrading involves replacing the boot blocks on your NetBSD
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partition, the kernel, and most of the system binaries, it has the
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potential to cause data loss. You are strongly advised to BACK UP ANY
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IMPORTANT DATA ON YOUR DISK, whether on the NetBSD partition or on
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another operating system's partition, before beginning the upgrade
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process.
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To upgrade your system, follow the following instructions:
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Boot your machine using of the appropriate upgrade floppy.
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The boot loader will start, and will print a countdown and
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begin booting. You will likely see one "file not found"
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warning from the boot loader -- ignore this as it is normal,
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and indicates the boot loader failed to find a normal kernel
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to boot before trying to boot a compressed kernel.
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If the boot loader messages do not appear in a reasonable
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amount of time, you either have a bad boot floppy or a
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hardware problem. Try writing the install floppy image to
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a different disk, and using that.
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While booting, you will probably see several warnings. You
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should be warned that no swap space is present, and that
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init(8) cannot find /etc/rc. Do not be alarmed, these are
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completely normal. When you reach the prompt asking you for a
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shell name, just hit return.
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You will be asked if you wish to install or upgrade your
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system or go to a shell prompt. Enter "upgrade".
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You will be presented with some information about the upgrade
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process and a warning message, and will be asked if you wish
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to proceed with the upgrade process. If you answer
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negatively, the upgrade process will stop, and your disk will
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not be modified. If you answer affirmatively, the upgrade
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process will begin, and your disk will be modified. You may
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hit Control-C to stop the upgrade process at any time.
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However, if you hit it at an inopportune moment, your system
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may be left in an inconsistent (and possibly unusable) state.
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You will be asked if you wish to upgrade your file systems to
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the new file system format. If you do, reply affirmatively.
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If you don't have your file systems upgraded now, you should
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probably do it manually after the install process is complete,
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by using "fsck -c 2". Read the fsck(8) manual page for more
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details. NOTE: ONLY UPGRADE YOUR FILE SYSTEMS IF YOU ARE
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UPGRADING FROM A PRE-NetBSD 1.0 RELEASE.
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If you choose to upgrade your file systems, the upgrade
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program will then check your root file system, and, if you
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approved, will upgrade it to the new file system format. It
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will then mount your root file system on /mnt.
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If your file systems are being upgraded, the upgrade script
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will copy the new fsck(8) program to your hard disk and
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upgrade your remaining file systems.
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The upgrade program will then automatically replace the boot
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blocks on your disk with newer versions, and mount all of your
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file systems under /mnt. (In other words, your root partition
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will be mounted on /mnt, your /usr partition on /mnt/usr, etc.)
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If you don't already have the NetBSD distribution sets on your
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disk, look in the installation section for information on how
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to transfer them to your disk.
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Once the distribution sets are transferred to your disk,
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continue here. (Obviously, if the NetBSD distribution sets
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are already on your disk, because you've transferred them
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before starting the upgrade process, you don't need to
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transfer them again now!)
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After the software has been transferred to the machine (or
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mounted, in the case of upgrading via NFS), change into the
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directory containing the "base12G" distribution set. Once you
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are there, run the "Set_tmp_dir" command, and hit return at
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the prompt to select the default answer for the temporary
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directory's path name. (It should be the path name of the
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directory that you're in.)
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Run the command "Extract base12G" to upgrade the base
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distribution.
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Repeat the above two steps for all of the sets you wish to
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upgrade. (For each, change into the directory containing the
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set, run "Set_tmp_dir" and accept the default path name, then
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run the "Extract <setname>" command.)
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NOTE: YOU MUST INSTALL THE "kern12G" DISTRIBUTION, AS IT
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CONTAINS THE NEW NetBSD _VER KERNEL! This step is different
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from previous netbsd upgrade procedures, which installed the
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kernel from a boot floppy using a special procedure.
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If you were previously using the security distribution set,
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you MUST upgrade to the new version, or you will not be able
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to log in when the upgrade process is complete. Similarly, if
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you were not previously using the security set, you must NOT
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upgrade to the new version.
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When you are done upgrading all of the distribution sets you
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wish to upgrade, issue the command "Cleanup". It will clean
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up the installation, by remaking some system databases. When
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it is complete, you should use "halt" to halt the system, or
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"reboot" to reboot it.
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Your system has now been upgraded to NetBSD _VER.
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After a new kernel has been copied to your hard disk, your
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machine is a complete NetBSD _VER system. However, that
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doesn't mean that you're finished with the upgrade process.
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There are several things that you should do, or might have to
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do, to insure that the system works properly.
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First, if you did not upgrade your file systems to the new
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file system format during the upgrade process, and you are
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upgrading from a pre-1.0 NetBSD, you may want to do so now,
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with "fsck -c 2". If you are unsure about the process, it's
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suggested that you read the fsck(8) manual page.
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Second, you will probably want to get the etc12G distribution,
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extract it, and compare its contents with those in your /etc/
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directory. You will probably want to replace some of your
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system configuration files, or incorporate some of the changes
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in the new versions into yours.
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Third, you will probably want to update the set of device
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nodes you have in /dev. If you've changed the contents of
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/dev by hand, you will need to be careful about this, but if
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not, you can just cd into /dev, and run the command "sh
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MAKEDEV all".
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Fourth, you must deal with certain changes in the formats of
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some of the configuration files. The most notable change is
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that the "options" given to many of the file systems in
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/etc/fstab or by hand have changed, and some of the file
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systems have changed names. *IMPORTANT*: ANY INSTANCES OF "ufs"
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IN /etc/fstab MUST BE CHANGED TO "ffs". To find out what the
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new options are, it's suggested that you read the manual page
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for the file systems' mount commands, for example mount_nfs(8)
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for NFS. (Note that the information for mounts of type "ffs",
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i.e. Fast File Systems, are contained in the mount(8) man
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page.)
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Finally, you will want to delete old binaries that were part
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of the version of NetBSD that you upgraded from and have since
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been removed from the NetBSD distribution. If you are
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upgrading from a pre-1.0 NetBSD, you might also
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want to recompile any locally-built binaries, to take
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advantage of the shared libraries. (Note that any new
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binaries that you build will be dynamically linked, and
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therefore take advantage of the shared libraries, by default.
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For information on how to make statically linked binaries,
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see the cc(1) and ld(1) manual pages.)
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