247 lines
6.7 KiB
Plaintext
247 lines
6.7 KiB
Plaintext
.\" $NetBSD: prep,v 1.12 2004/10/01 23:36:35 hubertf Exp $
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.Ss2 Deciding on partition sizes
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.
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If you're installing
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.Nx*M
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for the first time it's a good idea
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to look at the partition sizes of the disk you plan to install
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.Nx
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on. Will you be installing
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.Nx
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onto the same disk as
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.Tn Solaris ,
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on its own disk,
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or will you be netbooting? While
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.Nx
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can work just fine on a disk shared with
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.Tn Solaris ,
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the
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.Nx
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installer does not currently support this. The limitation is that the
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.Nx
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.Xr disklabel 8
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writes partition info that
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.Tn Solaris
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is not familiar with. Therefore, if you are sharing a disk with
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.Tn Solaris ,
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any time you change a partition table, you must do it from
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.Tn Solaris .
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.Pp
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Assuming a classic partition scheme with
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.Pa /
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(root) and
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.Pa /usr
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file systems, a comfortable size for the
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.Nx
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.Pa /
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partition is about 100 MB.
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A full binary installation including X11R6 takes nearly 350 MB in
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.Pa /usr .
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Since the pkgsrc binaries are typically installed in
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.Pa /usr/pkg
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you may want a significantly larger
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.Pa /usr
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partition.
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A good initial size for the swap partition is the amount of physical
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memory in your machine, if you've got more than 128 MB RAM. If you've got
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less RAM, you may want swap to be at least 128 MB.
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.
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.Ss2 Setting up Open Firmware
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.
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First, you need to stop your system from automatically booting when
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powered on. Pressing the
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.Key STOP
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key (sometimes called the
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.Key L1
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key, found on the left side of your keyboard) and the
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.Key a
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key will halt your system and give you the
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.Dq Li ok
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prompt. If you are using a serial console, send a
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.Dq BREAK
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signal from your terminal (the method of sending
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.Dq BREAK
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varies from terminal to terminal).
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.Pp
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If the ethernet address of your \*M system is
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.Li ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
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(check with the Open Firmware
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.Dq banner
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command),
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then your NVRAM battery is dead and you will have trouble using
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ethernet (among other problems). Read the Sun NVRAM/Hostid FAQ.
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.Lk http://www.squirrel.com/squirrel/sun-nvram-hostid.faq.html
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.Pp
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If you have a valid ethernet address and you plan to netboot, write down
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your system's ethernet address.
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.Pp
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You cannot use the security modes of the SPARC OpenFirmware.
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.(disp
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.No ok Ic "setenv security-mode none"
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.disp)
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.Pp
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If you are using a serial console, the
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.Nx*M
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installer defaults to using 9600 bps, 8N1 settings. You may want to
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configure your system and serial terminal like this prior to booting the
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installer. Additionally, a new installation of
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.Nx*M
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will default to these settings as well.
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.Pp
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SCSI devices are specified by an Open Firmware
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.Ic devalias
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which provides simple mnemonics for the full path to the device. Type
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.Ic devalias
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to get a list of all of the available aliases.
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At a minimum, the alias and partition are necessary when booting.
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.Pp
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Therefore, to boot from the swap partition on the internal hard drive
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one would use:
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.Pp
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.(disp
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.No ok Ic "boot disk:b"
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.disp)
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.Pp
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To boot from a CD-ROM (Open Firmware assumes SCSI CD-ROMs are at target 6),
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one would use:
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.Pp
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.(disp
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.No ok Ic "boot cdrom"
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.disp)
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.Pp
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And, to boot from a kernel named
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.Li netbsd-GENERIC
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on the fourth partition (
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.Sq Li d ,
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often the
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.Pa /usr
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partition) on an external SCSI hard drive (target 2, partition 3), one
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would use:
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.Pp
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.(disp
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.No ok Ic "boot disk2:d netbsd-GENERIC"
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.disp)
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.Pp
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If you get
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.Dq .... Fast Data MMU Miss
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when booting after the NetBSD installation, your OpenBoot PROM may
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need updating. It has been reported that version 3.31 lead to a
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successful boot on an Ultra Enterprise 420R, while version 3.23 did
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not. Exact values may vary, depending on your hardware, current
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OpenBoot PROM version and moon phase.
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.Pp
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.
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.Ss2 Determining how to boot from an SBUS or PCI card
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.
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Some SBUS and PCI cards have firmware that lets you use them as a boot
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device. These cards do not automatically create a
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.Ic devalias
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entry, so you must traverse the device tree to figure out what
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Open Firmware calls your card. You will be using Open Firmware commands
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at the
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.Sq Li ok
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prompt. First `cd' to the top of the device tree and list the
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nodes there. The following is the procedure to boot from an IDE card in
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an UltraSPARC 30.
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.(disp
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.No ok Ic "cd /"
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.No ok Ic "ls"
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f006cf08 SUNW,ffb@1e,0
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f006c32c SUNW,UltraSPARC-II@0,0
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f006002c counter-timer@1f,1c00
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f005f410 pci@1f,2000
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f005eb54 pci@1f,4000
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f004cf84 virtual-memory
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f004c9a4 memory@0,0
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f002ce38 aliases
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f002cdc8 options
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f002cc90 openprom
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f002cc24 chosen
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f002cbb4 packages
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.disp)
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Usually, you can simply type in the name before the at (@) sign and
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OpenFirmware will fill in the rest.
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.(disp
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.No ok Ic "cd pci@1f,4000"
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.No ok Ic "ls"
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f0081524 ide@2
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f007be50 scsi@3
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f0074688 network@1,1
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f0060324 ebus@1
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.No ok Ic "cd ide@2"
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.No ok Ic "ls"
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0081fe4 cdrom
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f0081938 disk
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.No ok Ic "cd disk"
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.No ok Ic "ls"
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.No ok Ic "pwd"
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/pci@1f,4000/ide@2/disk
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.disp)
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OK, now we know the path to the IDE device in this example. Now, we need
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to determine if it's capable of booting. If it is, it will have the
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.Ic word
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`open'.
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.(disp
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.No ok Ic "words"
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close load write read seek
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open write-blocks read-blocks max-transfer
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block-size dma-free dma-alloc spin-down spin-up
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.disp)
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Great!
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Also, in case you're interested in further details about your
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hardware, you can use the `.properties' command.
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.Pp
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So, when it's time to type in a boot command, use the shortened version of
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the
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.Ic pwd
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command. You need to be more specific if there are two devices with the
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same name (in this case, two /pci entries). In this example, you'd type:
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.(disp
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.No ok Ic "boot /pci@1f,4000/ide/disk@0,0"
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.disp)
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You can also store this device path across reboots using the
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.Ic nvalias
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command.
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.(disp
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.No ok Ic "nvalias wd0 /pci@1f,4000/ide/disk@0,0:a"
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.disp)
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.Pp
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And when the kernel is done booting, it may not automatically use your
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card as the root device -- you may need to type in the
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.Nx*M
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name for
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that device:
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.(disp
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root on sd0a dumps on sd0b
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no file system for sd0 (dev 0x700)
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cannot mount root, error = 79
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.No "root device (default sd0a):" Ic "?"
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use one of: hme0 sd0[a-h] wd0[a-h] halt
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.No "root device (default sd0a):" Ic "wd0a"
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.No "dump device:" Ic "wd0a"
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.No "file system (default generic):" Ic "ffs"
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root on wd0a
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.disp)
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.
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.Ss2 Configuration of network interfaces
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.
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Some network devices (i.e. certain SBus cards)
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allow a choice between operating on a UTP or a AUI port.
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The
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.Li le
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driver supports automatic detection of the port which is actually connected to
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the wire.
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If automatic detection is not available or not working properly in your
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environment, you may have to specify the type connection using the
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.Ar media
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parameter of
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.Xr ifconfig 8 .
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During installation, you'll get the
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opportunity to specify the appropriate medium.
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Use
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.Li 10base5/AUI
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to select the AUI connector, or
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.Li 10baseT/UTP
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to select the UTP connector.
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