399 lines
12 KiB
HTML
399 lines
12 KiB
HTML
<html> <head> </head> <body> <pre>
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SENDMAIL(1) SENDMAIL(1)
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<b>NAME</b>
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sendmail - Postfix to Sendmail compatibility interface
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<b>SYNOPSIS</b>
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<b>sendmail</b> [<i>option</i> <i>...</i>] [<i>recipient</i> <i>...</i>]
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<b>mailq</b>
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<b>sendmail</b> <b>-bp</b>
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<b>newaliases</b>
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<b>sendmail</b> <b>-I</b>
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<b>DESCRIPTION</b>
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The <b>sendmail</b> program implements the Postfix to Sendmail
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compatibility interface. For the sake of compatibility
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with existing applications, some Sendmail command-line
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options are recognized but silently ignored.
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By default, <b>sendmail</b> reads a message from standard input
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until EOF or until it reads a line with only a <b>.</b> charac-
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ter, and arranges for delivery. <b>sendmail</b> attempts to cre-
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ate a queue file in the <b>maildrop</b> directory. If that direc-
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tory is not world-writable, the message is piped through
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the <a href="postdrop.1.html"><b>postdrop</b>(1)</a> command, which is expected to execute with
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suitable privileges.
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Specific command aliases are provided for other common
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modes of operation:
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<b>mailq</b> List the mail queue. Each entry shows the queue
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file ID, message size, arrival time, sender, and
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the recipients that still need to be delivered. If
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mail could not be delivered upon the last attempt,
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the reason for failure is shown. This mode of oper-
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ation is implemented by connecting to the <a href="showq.8.html"><b>showq</b>(8)</a>
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daemon.
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<b>newaliases</b>
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Initialize the alias database. If no alias database
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type is specified, the program uses the type speci-
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fied in the <b>database</b><i>_</i><b>type</b> configuration parameter;
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if no input file is specified, the program pro-
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cesses the file(s) specified with the
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<b>alias</b><i>_</i><b>database</b> configuration parameter. This mode
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of operation is implemented by running the <b>postal-</b>
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<b>ias</b>(1) command.
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Note: it may take a minute or so before an alias
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database update becomes visible. Use the <b>postfix</b>
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<b>reload</b> command to eliminate this delay.
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These and other features can be selected by specifying the
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appropriate combination of command-line options. Some fea-
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tures are controlled by parameters in the <b>main.cf</b>
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1
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SENDMAIL(1) SENDMAIL(1)
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configuration file.
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The following options are recognized:
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<b>-B</b> <i>body_type</i> (ignored)
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The message body MIME type. Currently, Postfix
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implements <b>just-send-eight</b>.
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<b>-C</b> <i>config_file</i> (ignored :-)
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The path name of the <b>sendmail.cf</b> file. Postfix con-
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figuration files are kept in <b>/etc/postfix</b>.
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<b>-F</b> <i>full_name</i>
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Set the sender full name. This is used only with
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messages that have no <b>From:</b> message header.
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<b>-I</b> Initialize alias database. See the <b>newaliases</b> com-
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mand above.
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<b>-N</b> <i>dsn</i> (ignored)
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Delivery status notification control. Currently,
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Postfix does not implement <b>DSN</b>.
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<b>-R</b> <i>return_limit</i> (ignored)
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Limit the size of bounced mail. Use the
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<b>bounce</b><i>_</i><b>size</b><i>_</i><b>limit</b> configuration parameter instead.
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<b>-X</b> <i>log_file</i> (ignored)
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Log mailer traffic. Use the <b>debug</b><i>_</i><b>peer</b><i>_</i><b>list</b> and
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<b>debug</b><i>_</i><b>peer</b><i>_</i><b>level</b> configuration parameters instead.
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<b>-U</b> (ignored)
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Initial user submission.
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<b>-bd</b> Go into daemon mode. This mode of operation is
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implemented by executing the <b>postfix</b> <b>start</b> command.
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<b>-bi</b> Initialize alias database. See the <b>newaliases</b> com-
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mand above.
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<b>-bm</b> Read mail from standard input and arrange for
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delivery. This is the default mode of operation.
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<b>-bp</b> List the mail queue. See the <b>mailq</b> command above.
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<b>-bs</b> Stand-alone SMTP server mode. Read SMTP commands
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from standard input, and write responses to stan-
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dard output. This mode of operation is implemented
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by running the <a href="smtpd.8.html"><b>smtpd</b>(8)</a> daemon.
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<b>-f</b> <i>sender</i>
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Set the envelope sender address. This is the
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address where delivery problems are sent to, unless
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the message contains an <b>Errors-To:</b> message header.
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2
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SENDMAIL(1) SENDMAIL(1)
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<b>-h</b> <i>hop_count</i> (ignored)
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Hop count limit. Use the <b>hopcount</b><i>_</i><b>limit</b> configura-
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tion parameter instead.
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<b>-i</b> When reading a message from standard input, don't
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treat a line with only a <b>.</b> character as the end of
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input.
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<b>-m</b> (ignored)
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Backwards compatibility.
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<b>-n</b> (ignored)
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Backwards compatibility.
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<b>-oA</b><i>alias_database</i>
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Non-default alias database. Specify <i>pathname</i> or
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<i>type</i>:<i>pathname</i>. See <a href="postalias.1.html"><b>postalias</b>(1)</a> for details.
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<b>-o7</b> (ignored)
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<b>-o8</b> (ignored)
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The message body type. Currently, Postfix imple-
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ments <b>just-send-eight</b>.
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<b>-oi</b> When reading a message from standard input, don't
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treat a line with only a <b>.</b> character as the end of
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input.
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<b>-om</b> (ignored)
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The sender is never eliminated from alias etc.
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expansions.
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<b>-o</b> <i>x</i> <i>value</i> (ignored)
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Set option <i>x</i> to <i>value</i>. Use the equivalent configu-
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ration parameter in <b>main.cf</b> instead.
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<b>-r</b> <i>sender</i>
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Set the envelope sender address. This is the
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address where delivery problems are sent to, unless
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the message contains an <b>Errors-To:</b> message header.
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<b>-q</b> Flush the mail queue. This is implemented by kick-
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ing the <a href="qmgr.8.html"><b>qmgr</b>(8)</a> daemon.
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<b>-q</b><i>interval</i> (ignored)
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The interval between queue runs. Use the
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<b>queue</b><i>_</i><b>run</b><i>_</i><b>delay</b> configuration parameter instead.
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<b>-t</b> Extract recipients from message headers. This
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requires that no recipients be specified on the
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command line.
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<b>-v</b> Enable verbose logging for debugging purposes. Mul-
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tiple <b>-v</b> options make the software increasingly
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3
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SENDMAIL(1) SENDMAIL(1)
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verbose.
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<b>SECURITY</b>
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By design, this program is not set-user (or group) id.
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However, it must handle data from untrusted users or
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untrusted machines. Thus, the usual precautions need to
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be taken against malicious inputs.
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<b>DIAGNOSTICS</b>
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Problems are logged to <b>syslogd</b>(8) and to the standard
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error stream.
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<b>ENVIRONMENT</b>
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<b>MAIL</b><i>_</i><b>CONFIG</b>
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Directory with Postfix configuration files.
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<b>MAIL</b><i>_</i><b>VERBOSE</b>
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Enable verbose logging for debugging purposes.
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<b>MAIL</b><i>_</i><b>DEBUG</b>
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Enable debugging with an external command, as spec-
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ified with the <b>debugger</b><i>_</i><b>command</b> configuration
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parameter.
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<b>FILES</b>
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/var/spool/postfix, mail queue
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/etc/postfix, configuration files
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<b>CONFIGURATION</b> <b>PARAMETERS</b>
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See the Postfix <b>main.cf</b> file for syntax details and for
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default values. Use the <b>postfix</b> <b>reload</b> command after a
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configuration change.
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<b>alias</b><i>_</i><b>database</b>
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Default alias database(s) for <b>newaliases</b>. The
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default value for this parameter is system-spe-
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cific.
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<b>bounce</b><i>_</i><b>size</b><i>_</i><b>limit</b>
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The amount of original message context that is sent
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along with a non-delivery notification.
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<b>database</b><i>_</i><b>type</b>
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Default alias etc. database type. On many UNIX sys-
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tems the default type is either <b>dbm</b> or <b>hash</b>.
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<b>debugger</b><i>_</i><b>command</b>
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Command that is executed after a Postfix daemon has
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initialized.
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<b>debug</b><i>_</i><b>peer</b><i>_</i><b>level</b>
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Increment in verbose logging level when a remote
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host matches a pattern in the <b>debug</b><i>_</i><b>peer</b><i>_</i><b>list</b>
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parameter.
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4
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SENDMAIL(1) SENDMAIL(1)
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<b>debug</b><i>_</i><b>peer</b><i>_</i><b>list</b>
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List of domain or network patterns. When a remote
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host matches a pattern, increase the verbose log-
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ging level by the amount specified in the
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<b>debug</b><i>_</i><b>peer</b><i>_</i><b>level</b> parameter.
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<b>fork</b><i>_</i><b>attempts</b>
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Number of attempts to <b>fork</b>() a process before giv-
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ing up.
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<b>fork</b><i>_</i><b>delay</b>
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Delay in seconds between successive <b>fork</b>()
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attempts.
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<b>hopcount</b><i>_</i><b>limit</b>
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Limit the number of <b>Received:</b> message headers.
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<b>mail</b><i>_</i><b>owner</b>
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The owner of the mail queue and of most Postfix
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processes.
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<b>command</b><i>_</i><b>directory</b>
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Directory with Postfix support commands (default:
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<b>$program</b><i>_</i><b>directory</b>).
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<b>daemon</b><i>_</i><b>directory</b>
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Directory with Postfix daemon programs (default:
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<b>$program</b><i>_</i><b>directory</b>).
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<b>queue</b><i>_</i><b>directory</b>
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Top-level directory of the Postfix queue. This is
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also the root directory of Postfix daemons that run
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chrooted.
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<b>queue</b><i>_</i><b>run</b><i>_</i><b>delay</b>
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The time between successive scans of the deferred
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queue.
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<b>SEE</b> <b>ALSO</b>
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<a href="pickup.8.html">pickup(8)</a> mail pickup daemon
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<a href="postalias.1.html">postalias(1)</a> maintain alias database
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<a href="postdrop.1.html">postdrop(1)</a> privileged posting agent
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<a href="postfix.1.html">postfix(1)</a> mail system control
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<a href="postkick.1.html">postkick(1)</a> kick a Postfix daemon
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<a href="qmgr.8.html">qmgr(8)</a> queue manager
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<a href="showq.8.html">showq(8)</a> list mail queue
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<a href="smtpd.8.html">smtpd(8)</a> SMTP server
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syslogd(8) system logging
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<b>LICENSE</b>
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The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this
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software.
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5
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SENDMAIL(1) SENDMAIL(1)
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<b>AUTHOR(S)</b>
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Wietse Venema
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IBM T.J. Watson Research
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P.O. Box 704
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Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
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6
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</pre> </body> </html>
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