334 lines
8.3 KiB
Groff
334 lines
8.3 KiB
Groff
.\" $NetBSD: kprintf.9,v 1.39 2019/05/21 09:24:21 wiz Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1998, 2002, 2007, 2011 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
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.\" by Jeremy Cooper and by Jason R. Thorpe.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
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.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
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.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
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.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
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.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
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.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
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.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
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.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
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.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
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.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
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.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.Dd May 20, 2019
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.Dt KPRINTF 9
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm device_printf ,
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.Nm printf ,
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.Nm printf_nolog ,
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.Nm snprintf ,
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.Nm vasprintf ,
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.Nm vprintf ,
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.Nm vsnprintf ,
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.Nm uprintf ,
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.Nm ttyprintf ,
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.Nm tprintf_open ,
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.Nm tprintf ,
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.Nm tprintf_close ,
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.Nm aprint_normal ,
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.Nm aprint_naive ,
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.Nm aprint_verbose ,
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.Nm aprint_debug ,
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.Nm aprint_error ,
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.Nm aprint_normal_dev ,
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.Nm aprint_naive_dev ,
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.Nm aprint_verbose_dev ,
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.Nm aprint_debug_dev ,
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.Nm aprint_error_dev ,
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.Nm aprint_normal_ifnet ,
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.Nm aprint_naive_ifnet ,
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.Nm aprint_verbose_ifnet ,
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.Nm aprint_debug_ifnet ,
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.Nm aprint_error_ifnet ,
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.Nm aprint_get_error_count
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.Nd kernel formatted output conversion
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.In sys/systm.h
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.Ft void
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.Fn device_printf "device_t" "const char *format" "..."
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.Ft void
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.Fn printf "const char *format" "..."
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.Ft void
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.Fn printf_nolog "const char *format" "..."
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.Ft int
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.Fn snprintf "char *buf" "size_t size" "const char *format" "..."
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.Ft int
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.Fn vasprintf "char **buf" "const char *format" "va_list ap"
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.Ft void
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.Fn vprintf "const char *format" "va_list ap"
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.Ft int
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.Fn vsnprintf "char *buf" "size_t size" "const char *format" "va_list ap"
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.Ft void
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.Fn uprintf "const char *format" "..."
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.Ft void
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.Fn ttyprintf "struct tty *tty" "const char *format" "..."
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.In sys/tprintf.h
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.Ft tpr_t
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.Fn tprintf_open "struct proc *p"
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.Ft void
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.Fn tprintf "tpr_t tpr" "const char *format" "..."
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.Ft void
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.Fn tprintf_close "tpr_t tpr"
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.Ft void
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.Fn aprint_normal "const char *format" "..."
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.Ft void
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.Fn aprint_naive "const char *format" "..."
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.Ft void
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.Fn aprint_verbose "const char *format" "..."
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.Ft void
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.Fn aprint_debug "const char *format" "..."
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.Ft void
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.Fn aprint_error "const char *format" "..."
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.Ft void
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.Fn aprint_normal_dev "device_t" "const char *format" "..."
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.Ft void
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.Fn aprint_naive_dev "device_t" "const char *format" "..."
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.Ft void
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.Fn aprint_verbose_dev "device_t" "const char *format" "..."
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.Ft void
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.Fn aprint_debug_dev "device_t" "const char *format" "..."
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.Ft void
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.Fn aprint_error_dev "device_t" "const char *format" "..."
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.Ft void
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.Fn aprint_normal_ifnet "struct ifnet *" "const char *format" "..."
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.Ft void
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.Fn aprint_naive_ifnet "struct ifnet *" "const char *format" "..."
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.Ft void
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.Fn aprint_verbose_ifnet "struct ifnet *" "const char *format" "..."
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.Ft void
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.Fn aprint_debug_ifnet "struct ifnet *" "const char *format" "..."
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.Ft void
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.Fn aprint_error_ifnet "struct ifnet *" "const char *format" "..."
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.Ft int
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.Fn aprint_get_error_count "void"
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Fn printf
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family of functions allows the kernel to send formatted messages to various
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output devices.
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The functions
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.Fn printf
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and
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.Fn vprintf
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send formatted strings to the system console.
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The
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.Fn device_printf
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function is identical to
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.Fn printf ,
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except that it prefixes the log message with the corresponding
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device name.
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The
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.Fn printf_nolog
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function is identical to
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.Fn printf ,
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except it does not send the data to the system log.
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The functions
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.Fn snprintf ,
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.Fn vasprintf ,
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and
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.Fn vsnprintf
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write output to a string buffer.
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These five functions work similarly to their user space counterparts,
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and are not described in detail here.
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The
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.Fn vasprintf
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function allocates memory with
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.Xr kmem_alloc 9
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and it is the caller's responsibility to free the returned string with
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.Xr kmem_free 9 .
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.Pp
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The functions
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.Fn uprintf
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and
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.Fn ttyprintf
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send formatted strings to the current process's controlling tty and a specific
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tty, respectively.
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.Pp
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The
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.Fn tprintf
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function sends formatted strings to a process's controlling tty,
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via a handle of type tpr_t.
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This allows multiple write operations to the tty with a guarantee that the
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tty will be valid across calls.
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A handle is acquired by calling
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.Fn tprintf_open
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with the target process as an argument.
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This handle must be closed with a matching call to
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.Fn tprintf_close .
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.Pp
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The functions
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.Fn aprint_normal ,
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.Fn aprint_naive ,
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.Fn aprint_verbose ,
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.Fn aprint_debug ,
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and
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.Fn aprint_error
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are intended to be used to print
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.Xr autoconf 9
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messages.
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Their verbosity depends on flags set in the
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.Va boothowto
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variable, through options passed during bootstrap; see
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.Xr boothowto 9
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and
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.Sx Interactive mode
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in
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.Xr boot 8 :
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.Bl -tag -width AB_VERBOSE
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.It Dv AB_SILENT
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silent mode, enabled by
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.Ic boot
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.Fl z .
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.It Dv AB_QUIET
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quiet mode, enabled by
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.Ic boot
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.Fl q .
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.It Dv AB_VERBOSE
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verbose mode, enabled by
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.Ic boot
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.Fl v .
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.It Dv AB_DEBUG
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debug mode, enabled by
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.Ic boot
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.Fl x .
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.El
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.Pp
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The
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.Fn aprint_*
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functions have the following behaviour, based on the above
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mentioned flags:
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.Bl -tag -width Xaprint_verboseXXX
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.It Fn aprint_normal
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Sends to the console unless
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.Dv AB_QUIET
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is set.
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Always sends to the log.
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.It Fn aprint_naive
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Sends to the console only if
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.Dv AB_QUIET
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is set.
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Never sends to the log.
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.It Fn aprint_verbose
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Sends to the console only if
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.Dv AB_VERBOSE
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is set.
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Always sends to the log.
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.It Fn aprint_debug
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Sends to the console and the log only if
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.Dv AB_DEBUG
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is set.
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.It Fn aprint_error
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Like
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.Fn aprint_normal ,
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but also keeps track of the number of times called.
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This allows a subsystem to report the number of errors that occurred
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during a quiet or silent initialization phase.
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.El
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.Pp
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For the
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.Fn aprint_*
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functions there are two additional families of functions with the
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suffixes
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.Dv _dev
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and
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.Dv _ifnet
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which work like their counterparts without the suffixes, except that
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they take a
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.Ft device_t
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and
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.Ft struct ifnet * ,
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respectively, as first argument,
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and prefix the log message with the
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corresponding device or interface name.
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.Pp
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The
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.Fn aprint_get_error_count
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function reports the number of errors and resets the counter to 0.
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.Pp
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If
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.Dv AB_SILENT
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is set, none of the autoconfiguration message printing routines send output
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to the console.
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The
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.Dv AB_VERBOSE
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and
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.Dv AB_DEBUG
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flags override
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.Dv AB_SILENT .
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.Sh RETURN VALUES
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The
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.Fn snprintf
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and
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.Fn vsnprintf
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functions return the number of characters that would have been placed
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in the buffer
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.Fa buf .
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if there was enough space in the buffer, not including the trailing
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.Dv NUL
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character used to terminate output strings like the user-space functions
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of the same name.
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.Pp
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The
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.Fn tprintf_open
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function returns
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.Dv NULL
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if no terminal handle could be acquired.
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.Sh CODE REFERENCES
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.Pa sys/kern/subr_prf.c
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr printf 1 ,
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.Xr printf 3 ,
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.Xr snprintb 3 ,
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.Xr boot 8 ,
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.Xr autoconf 9 ,
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.Xr boothowto 9
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.Sh HISTORY
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In
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.Nx 1.5
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and earlier,
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.Fn printf
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supported more format strings than the user space
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.Fn printf .
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These nonstandard format strings are no longer supported.
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For the functionality provided by the former
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.Li %b
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format string, see
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.Xr snprintb 3 .
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.Pp
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The
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.Fn aprint_normal ,
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.Fn aprint_naive ,
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.Fn aprint_verbose ,
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and
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.Fn aprint_debug
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functions first appeared in
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.Bsx .
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.Sh BUGS
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The
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.Fn uprintf
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and
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.Fn ttyprintf
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functions should be used sparingly, if at all.
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Where multiple lines of output are required to reach a process's
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controlling terminal,
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.Fn tprintf
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is preferred.
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