177 lines
5.2 KiB
Groff
177 lines
5.2 KiB
Groff
.\" $NetBSD: fsck.8,v 1.38 2011/04/28 12:16:10 wiz Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1996 Christos Zoulas. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
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.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
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.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
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.\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
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.\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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.\" DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
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.\" THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
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.\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.Dd February 17, 2010
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.Dt FSCK 8
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm fsck
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.Nd file system consistency check and interactive repair
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Op Fl dfnPpqvy
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.Op Fl l Ar maxparallel
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.Op Fl T Ar fstype:fsoptions
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.Op Fl t Ar fstype
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.Op Fl x Ar mountpoint
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.Op special | node ...
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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command invokes file system-specific programs to check
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the special devices listed in the
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.Xr fstab 5
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file or in the command line for consistency.
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.Pp
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It is normally used in the script
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.Pa /etc/rc
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during automatic reboot.
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If no file systems are specified, and
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.Dq preen
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mode is enabled (
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.Fl p
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option)
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.Nm
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reads the table
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.Pa /etc/fstab
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to determine which file systems to check, in what order.
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Only partitions in fstab that are mounted ``rw,'' ``rq'' or ``ro''
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and that have non-zero pass number are checked.
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File systems with pass number 1 (normally just the root file system)
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are checked one at a time.
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When pass 1 completes, all remaining file systems are checked,
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running one process per disk drive.
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By default, file systems which are already mounted read-write are not checked.
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The disk drive containing each file system is inferred from the longest prefix
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of the device name that ends in a digit; the remaining characters are assumed
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to be the partition designator.
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.Pp
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The options are as follows:
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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.It Fl d
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Debugging mode.
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Just print the commands without executing them.
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.It Fl f
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Force checking of file systems, even when they are marked clean (for file
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systems that support this), or when they are mounted read-write.
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.It Fl l Ar maxparallel
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Limit the number of parallel checks to the number specified in
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the following argument.
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By default, the limit is the number of disks, running one process per disk.
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If a smaller limit is given, the disks are checked round-robin,
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one file system at a time.
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.It Fl n
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Causes
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.Nm
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to assume no as the answer to all operator questions, except "CONTINUE?".
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.It Fl P
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Display a progress meter for each file system check.
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This option also disables parallel checking.
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Note that progress meters are not supported by all file system types.
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.It Fl p
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Enter preen mode.
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In preen mode,
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.Nm
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will check all file systems listed in
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.Pa /etc/fstab
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according to their pass number, and will make minor repairs without
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human intervention.
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.It Fl q
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Quiet mode, do not output any messages for clean filesystems.
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.It Fl T Ar fstype:fsoptions
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List of comma separated file system specific options for the specified
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file system type, in the same format as
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.Xr mount 8 .
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.It Fl t Ar fstype
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Invoke
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.Nm
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only for the comma separated list of file system types.
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If the list starts with
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.Dq no
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then invoke
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.Nm
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for the file system types that are not specified in the list.
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.It Fl v
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Print the commands before executing them.
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.It Fl x Ar mountpoint
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Exclude the filesystem which has a
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.Ar mountpoint
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the same as in
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.Pa /etc/fstab .
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Used only in
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.Dq preen
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mode.
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.It Fl y
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Causes
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.Nm
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to assume yes
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as the answer to all operator questions.
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.El
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.Sh FILES
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.Bl -tag -width /etc/fstab -compact
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.It Pa /etc/fstab
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file system table
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.El
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.Sh EXIT STATUS
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.Nm
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exits with
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.Dv 0
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on success.
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Any major problems will cause
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.Nm
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to exit with the following non-zero
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.Xr exit 3
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codes, so as to alert any invoking program or script that human
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intervention is required.
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.Bl -tag -width XXXX
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.It Dv 1
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Usage problem.
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.It Dv 2
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Unresolved errors while checking the filesystem.
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Re-running
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.Nm
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on the filesystem(s) is required.
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.It Dv 4
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The root filesystem was changed in the process of checking, and updating the
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mount was unsuccessful.
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A reboot (without sync) is required.
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.It Dv 8
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The filesystem check has failed, and a subsequent check is required
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that will require human intervention.
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.It Dv 12
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.Nm
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exited because of the result of a signal (usually
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.Dv SIGINT
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or
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.Dv SIGQUIT
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from the terminal).
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr fstab 5 ,
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.Xr fsck_ext2fs 8 ,
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.Xr fsck_ffs 8 ,
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.Xr fsck_lfs 8 ,
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.Xr fsck_msdos 8 ,
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.Xr mount 8
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