126 lines
4.4 KiB
Groff
126 lines
4.4 KiB
Groff
.\" $NetBSD: midi.4,v 1.19 2001/09/22 01:34:47 wiz Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1999 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
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.\" by Lennart Augustsson.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the NetBSD
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.\" Foundation, Inc. and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its
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.\" contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
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.\" from this software without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
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.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
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.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
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.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
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.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
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.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
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.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
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.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
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.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
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.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
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.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.Dd August 6, 1998
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.Dt MIDI 4
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm midi
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.Nd device-independent MIDI driver layer
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Cd "midi* at cms?"
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.Cd "midi* at clcs?"
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.Cd "midi* at clct?"
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.Cd "midi* at eap?"
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.Cd "midi* at mpu?"
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.Cd "midi* at opl?"
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.Cd "midi* at pcppi?"
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.Cd "midi* at sb?"
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.Cd "midi* at umidi?"
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.\" .Cd "midi* at wss?"
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.Cd "pseudo-device sequencer"
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.Pp
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.Fd #include <sys/types.h>
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.Fd #include <sys/midiio.h>
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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driver provides support for various MIDI peripherals.
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It provides a uniform programming interface layer above different
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underlying MIDI hardware drivers. The MIDI hardware can be of many
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different kinds, e.g., an external synthesizer on a MIDI port (or a serial port),
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the PC speaker, an internal FM synth, or a wavetable synth.
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.Pp
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There are two device file types available for MIDI operation:
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.Pa /dev/rmidiN ,
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and
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.Pa /dev/music .
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The
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.Pa /dev/rmidiN
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devices provides raw access to a MIDI device. Data written is sent
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to the physical device as fast as possible and is uninterpreted.
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Reading from the device returns data as soon as it becomes available.
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A moderate amount of buffering is available both for reading and writing.
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The raw MIDI devices are mostly useful for non realtime operations, such as
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downloading patches to a device, since it is hard to get the accurate timing
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needed for quality music from a user program. But the devices can act as
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a simple patchboard for MIDI devices. For example, a MIDI keyboard could
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be connected to a synthesizer by the command
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.Cd "cat -u /dev/rmidi1 >/dev/rmidi2"
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.Pp
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The
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.Pa /dev/music
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device is a MIDI sequencer device. Data sent to and from this device
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not only contains the information sent to the MIDI device, but also
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timing information. The kernel will make sure that data is sent
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to the physical device at the indicated time. The sequencer device
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uses the
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.Pa /dev/rmidiN
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devices internally and they are unavailable when used by the sequencer.
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.Pp
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The API for the sequencer device is binary compatible with the OSS sequencer
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interface.
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.Sh FILES
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.Bl -tag -width /dev/sequencer -compact
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.It Pa /dev/rmidiN
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.It Pa /dev/music
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.It Pa /dev/sequencer
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr midiplay 1 ,
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.Xr ioctl 2 ,
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.Xr ossaudio 3 ,
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.Xr audio 4 ,
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.Xr mpu 4 ,
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.Xr opl 4 ,
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.Xr umidi 4
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.br
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For ports using the ISA bus:
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.Xr cms 4 ,
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.Xr pcppi 4 ,
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.Xr sb 4
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.br
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For ports using the PCI bus:
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.Xr clcs 4 ,
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.Xr eap 4
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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driver first appeared in
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.Nx 1.4 .
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.Sh BUGS
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This man page is very incomplete.
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