251 lines
8.0 KiB
Plaintext
251 lines
8.0 KiB
Plaintext
.\" $NetBSD: upgrade,v 1.18 2001/07/24 17:51:03 nra Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1999, 2000 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the NetBSD
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.\" Foundation, Inc. and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its
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.\" contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
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.\" from this software without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
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.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
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.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
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.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
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.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
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.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
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.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
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.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
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.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
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.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
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.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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The upgrade to
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.Nx \*V
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is a binary upgrade; it can be quite difficult
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to advance to a later version by recompiling from source due primarily
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to interdependencies in the various components.
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.Pp
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No automated upgrade procedure exists for upgrading to release \*V for the
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.Nx*M
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architecture. The current procedure is essentially to perform
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a new install from scratch. It is hoped that there will be a good upgrade
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procedure for future releases. Please feel free to volunteer to help
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replace these installation tools.
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.Pp
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The following steps outline the current upgrade procedure. These steps
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should help ease the upgrade process. Please read these instructions
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carefully and completely before proceeding.
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.(enum
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Since upgrading involves replacing the kernel and most of the system
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binaries, it has the potential to cause data loss. You are strongly
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advised to
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.Em back up any important data on your disk,
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whether on the
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.Nx
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partition or on another operating system's partition, before
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beginning the upgrade process. Although the upgrade should not
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damage your file system(s) in any way, you never know what may happen.
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.It
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Download the distribution sets you want from the
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.Pa \*M/binary/sets
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subdirectory of the
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.Nx \*V
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distribution. You will need the base
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set and the kernel at a minimum. Be sure to download the files in
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.Em binary
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mode. If you will be upgrading from within
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.Nx ,
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make sure
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that you place the distribution sets on a file system you will be able to
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reach from single-user mode.
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.It
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Install the \*V kernel. You may either use the Installer utility
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(included in the
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.Pa installation/misc
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subdirectory) or install from within
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.Nx
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(the latter is recommended for speed reasons). If you
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choose the former, proceed as you normally would. If you choose to
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install from within
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.Nx ,
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then boot (or shutdown) into single-user
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mode and do the following:
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.Pp
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.Dl # Ic "cd /"
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.Dl # Ic "pax -zrvpe -f /path/to/kern.tgz"
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.Pp
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There is no need to backup your old kernel explicitly since it will be
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incapable of running many of the newer binaries you are about to
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install. (Unless, of course, you have a backup copy of your older
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binaries and want to revert to them for some reason.) However, you
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might want to keep a backup if you are upgrading from within
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.Nx
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just in case the newer kernel has trouble booting your machine.
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.It
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If you are installing using the Installer, skip to step 5. Otherwise,
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reboot into
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.Nx
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in single-user mode. Run
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.Ic fsck Fl f
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and then mount all
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local partitions read/write. Usually
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.Ic mount Fl a t Ic nonfs
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should do the
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trick, but if you have several partitions on the same disk, take note of
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the fact that a change in partition numbering may have moved a few of
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your partitions around. You can do a
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.Ic disklabel sd Ns Ar X
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(where
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.Ar X
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is a
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drive on which you have
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.Nx
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partitions) to see how the partitions are
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currently laid out. It is likely that a partition has shifted into the
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.Li sd Ns Ar X Ns Li d
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or
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.Li sd Ns Ar X Ns Li e
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slots, slots that often were not available under
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previous releases of
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.Nx .
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If this is the case, you will need to
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manually mount your root partition
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.Pq Pa /
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via
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.Ic "mount -w /"
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and edit your
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.Pa /etc/fstab
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file to reflect the new partition layout. Unless you are
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familiar with
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.Xr ex 1
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or
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.Xr ed 1 .
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the easiest way to fix your
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.Pa /etc/fstab
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file
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is probably to simply do a
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.Ic "cat \*> /etc/fstab"
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and type in the corrected file in its entirety.
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.It
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Install the distribution sets. Keep in mind that the
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.Nx \*V
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distribution takes up a considerably larger amount of disk space than
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did the 1.3 family of distributions. If you are using the Installer,
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proceed normally (remember that you will need to mount non-root
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partitions by hand using the MiniShell before installing). If you are
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installing from within
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.Nx ,
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do the following:
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.Pp
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.Dl # Ic "cd /"
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.Dl # Ic "pax -zrvpe -f /path/to/base.tgz"
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.Pp
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Keep in mind that there is
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no going back once you have installed the base set short of a complete
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re-install of an earlier distribution. Continue with the appropriate
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command line for each of the other sets you wish to install except for
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the etc set. If you are in the Installer, open up the Minishell and do
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the following:
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.Pp
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.Dl Ic "cd /tmp"
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.Dl Ic "exit"
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.Pp
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Ignore the warning message this will cause. Now, use the Installer to
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install the
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.Sy etc
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set (it will install into
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.Pa /tmp
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instead of the
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.Pa /etc
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directory).
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.Pp
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If you are in
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.Nx ,
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do the following instead:
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.Pp
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.Dl # Ic "cd /tmp"
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.Dl # Ic "pax -zrvpe -f /path/to/etc.tgz"
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.It
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If you are in the Installer, quit it and boot into
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.Nx
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in single-user
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mode. From there,
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.Ic cd
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to the
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.Pa /tmp/etc
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directory and compare each file there with your old files in
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.Pa /etc .
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You will probably want to replace
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some of your system configuration files, or incorporate some of the
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changes in the new versions into yours. You should take note of the
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following when upgrading to the
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.Nx \*V
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etc.tgz set:
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.(bullet
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Several of the options given to many of the file systems have changed,
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and some of the file systems have changed names.
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.(Note
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It is imperative that you change any instances of
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.Sy ufs
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.Pa /etc/fstab
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to
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.Sy ffs .
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.Note)
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To find out
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more about different file system options, read the man page for the
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associated
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.Ic mount
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command (e.g.
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.Xr mount_mfs 8
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for MFS file systems; note:
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FFS type file systems are documented in the
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.Xr mount 8
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man page). If you
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have not already done so, you may also need to correct
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.Pa /etc/fstab
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for a shift in the partition numbering scheme. See step 4 above for more
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details.
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.It
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You will also probably want to upgrade your device nodes at this time
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as well. Make sure you have installed the latest MAKEDEV script (it
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should be included in the etc set) and perform the following commands:
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.Pp
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.Dl # Ic "cd /dev"
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.Dl # Ic "sh MAKEDEV all"
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.bullet)
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.It
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Run
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.Ic fsck Fl f
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to make sure that your file system is still consistent. If
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fsck reports any errors, fix them by answering
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.Sq Ic y
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to its suggested
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solutions
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.(Note
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If there are a large number of errors, you may wish
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to stop and run
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.Ic fsck Fl fy
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to automatically answer
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.Ic yes
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instead.
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.Note)
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.It
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Exit from single-user mode and it should continue to boot into
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multi-user mode.
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.enum)
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.Pp
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At this point you have successfully upgraded to
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.Nx \*V .
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