460 lines
14 KiB
C
460 lines
14 KiB
C
/* $NetBSD: installboot.c,v 1.23 2001/02/19 22:48:57 cgd Exp $ */
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/*
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* Copyright (c) 1999 Ross Harvey. All rights reserved.
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*
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* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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* are met:
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* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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* 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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* must display the following acknowledgement:
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* This product includes software developed by Ross Harvey
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* for the NetBSD Project.
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* 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
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* derived from this software without specific prior written permission
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*
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* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
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* IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
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* OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
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* IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
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* INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
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* NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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* DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
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* THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
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* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
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* THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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*/
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/*
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* Copyright (c) 1999 Christopher G. Demetriou. All rights reserved.
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*
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* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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* are met:
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* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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* 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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* must display the following acknowledgement:
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* This product includes software developed by Christopher G. Demetriou
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* for the NetBSD Project.
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* 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
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* derived from this software without specific prior written permission
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*
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* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
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* IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
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* OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
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* IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
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* INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
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* NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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* DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
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* THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
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* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
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* THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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*/
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#include <sys/param.h> /* XXX for roundup, howmany */
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#include <sys/stat.h>
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#include <include/disklabel.h> /* defeat <machine/disklabel.h>, force alpha */
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#include <sys/disklabel.h>
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#include <dev/sun/disklabel.h>
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#include <assert.h>
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#include <err.h>
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#include <fcntl.h>
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#include <stdlib.h>
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#include <stdio.h>
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#include <string.h>
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#include <unistd.h>
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static void usage(void);
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static void clr_bootstrap(const char *disk);
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void check_sparc(const struct boot_block * const, const char *);
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static u_int16_t compute_sparc(const u_int16_t *);
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static void sun_bootstrap(struct boot_block * const);
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static void set_bootstrap(const char *disk, const char *bootstrap);
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int sunrewrite, sunflag, verbose, nowrite;
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static void
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usage()
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{
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fprintf(stderr, "usage:\n");
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fprintf(stderr, "\t%s [-nsv] disk bootstrap\n", getprogname());
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fprintf(stderr, "\t%s [-nsv] -c disk\n", getprogname());
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exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
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}
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int
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main(int argc, char **argv)
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{
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const char *disk, *bootstrap;
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int c, clearflag;
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clearflag = verbose = nowrite = 0;
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while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "cnsSv")) != -1) {
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switch (c) {
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case 'c':
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/* Clear any existing boot block */
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if (sunflag)
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goto argdeath;
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clearflag = 1;
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break;
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case 'n':
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/* Do not actually write the boot file */
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nowrite = 1;
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break;
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case 'S':
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/* undocumented transition period fixup flag */
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sunrewrite = 1;
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/* fall thru */
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case 's':
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/*
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* Sun checksum and magic number overlay
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*/
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if (clearflag)
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goto argdeath;
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sunflag = 1;
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break;
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case 'v':
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/* Chat */
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verbose = 1;
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break;
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default:
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usage();
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}
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}
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argc -= optind;
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argv += optind;
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if (sunrewrite) {
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if(argc != 1)
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usage();
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} else if ((clearflag && argc != 1) || (!clearflag && argc != 2))
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usage();
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disk = argv[0];
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bootstrap = argv[1]; /* NULL if argc == 1 */
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if (verbose) {
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fprintf(stderr, "disk: %s\n", disk);
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fprintf(stderr, "bootstrap: %s\n",
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bootstrap != NULL ? bootstrap : "to be cleared");
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}
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if (sizeof (struct boot_block) != BOOT_BLOCK_BLOCKSIZE)
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errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
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"boot_block structure badly sized (build error)");
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if (clearflag)
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clr_bootstrap(disk);
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else
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set_bootstrap(disk, bootstrap);
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exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
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argdeath:
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errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "incompatible options");
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}
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static void
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clr_bootstrap(const char *disk)
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{
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struct boot_block bb;
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u_int64_t cksum;
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ssize_t rv;
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int diskfd;
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if ((diskfd = open(disk, nowrite ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR)) == -1)
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err(EXIT_FAILURE, "open %s", disk);
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rv = pread(diskfd, &bb, sizeof bb, BOOT_BLOCK_OFFSET);
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if (rv == -1)
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err(EXIT_FAILURE, "read %s", disk);
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else if (rv != sizeof bb)
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errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "read %s: short read", disk);
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CHECKSUM_BOOT_BLOCK(&bb, &cksum);
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if (cksum != bb.bb_cksum) {
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fprintf(stderr,
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"old boot block checksum invalid (was %#llx,"
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" calculated %#llx)\n",
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(unsigned long long)bb.bb_cksum,
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(unsigned long long)cksum);
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fprintf(stderr, "boot block invalid\n");
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goto done;
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} else if (verbose) {
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fprintf(stderr, "old boot block checksum: %#llx\n",
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(unsigned long long)bb.bb_cksum);
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fprintf(stderr, "old boot block start sector: %#llx\n",
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(unsigned long long)bb.bb_secstart);
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fprintf(stderr, "old boot block size: %#llx\n",
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(unsigned long long)bb.bb_secsize);
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}
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bb.bb_secstart = bb.bb_secsize = bb.bb_flags = 0;
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CHECKSUM_BOOT_BLOCK(&bb, &bb.bb_cksum);
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fprintf(stderr, "new boot block checksum: %#llx\n",
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(unsigned long long)bb.bb_cksum);
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fprintf(stderr, "new boot block start sector: %#llx\n",
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(unsigned long long)bb.bb_secstart);
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fprintf(stderr, "new boot block size: %#llx\n",
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(unsigned long long)bb.bb_secsize);
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if (nowrite) {
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if (verbose)
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fprintf(stderr, "not writing\n");
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goto done;
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}
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if (verbose)
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fprintf(stderr, "writing\n");
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rv = pwrite(diskfd, &bb, sizeof bb, BOOT_BLOCK_OFFSET);
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if (rv == -1)
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err(EXIT_FAILURE, "write %s", disk);
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else if (rv != sizeof bb)
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errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "write %s: short write", disk);
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done:
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(void)close(diskfd);
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}
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static void
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set_bootstrap(const char *disk, const char *bootstrap)
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{
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struct stat bootstrapsb;
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struct boot_block bb;
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int bootstrapfd, diskfd;
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char *bootstrapbuf;
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size_t bootstrapsize;
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ssize_t rv;
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if (sunrewrite)
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goto bbonly;
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/* Open the input file and check it out */
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if ((bootstrapfd = open(bootstrap, O_RDONLY)) == -1)
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err(EXIT_FAILURE, "open %s", bootstrap);
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if (fstat(bootstrapfd, &bootstrapsb) == -1)
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err(EXIT_FAILURE, "fstat %s", bootstrap);
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if (!S_ISREG(bootstrapsb.st_mode))
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errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s must be a regular file", bootstrap);
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/*
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* Allocate a buffer, with space to round up the input file
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* to the next block size boundary, and with space for the boot
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* block.
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*/
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bootstrapsize = roundup(bootstrapsb.st_size, BOOT_BLOCK_BLOCKSIZE);
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bootstrapbuf = malloc(bootstrapsize);
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if (bootstrapbuf == NULL)
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err(EXIT_FAILURE, "allocating buffer to hold bootstrap");
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memset(bootstrapbuf, 0, bootstrapsize);
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/* read the file into the buffer */
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rv = read(bootstrapfd, bootstrapbuf, bootstrapsb.st_size);
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if (rv == -1)
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err(EXIT_FAILURE, "read %s", bootstrap);
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else if (rv != bootstrapsb.st_size)
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errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "read %s: short read", bootstrap);
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(void)close(bootstrapfd);
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bbonly:
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if ((diskfd = open(disk, nowrite ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR)) == -1)
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err(EXIT_FAILURE, "open %s", disk);
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rv = pread(diskfd, &bb, sizeof bb, BOOT_BLOCK_OFFSET);
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if (rv == -1)
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err(EXIT_FAILURE, "read %s", disk);
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else if (rv != sizeof bb)
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errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "read %s: short read", disk);
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if (sunflag)
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check_sparc(&bb, "initial");
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/* fill in the updated boot block fields, and checksum boot block */
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if (!sunrewrite) {
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bb.bb_secsize = howmany(bootstrapsb.st_size,
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BOOT_BLOCK_BLOCKSIZE);
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bb.bb_secstart = 1;
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bb.bb_flags = 0;
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}
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CHECKSUM_BOOT_BLOCK(&bb, &bb.bb_cksum);
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if (verbose) {
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fprintf(stderr, "bootstrap starting sector: %llu\n",
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(unsigned long long)bb.bb_secstart);
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fprintf(stderr, "bootstrap sector count: %llu\n",
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(unsigned long long)bb.bb_secsize);
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fprintf(stderr, "new boot block checksum: %#llx\n",
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(unsigned long long)bb.bb_cksum);
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}
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if (sunflag)
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sun_bootstrap(&bb);
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if (nowrite) {
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if (verbose)
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fprintf(stderr, "not writing\n");
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goto done;
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}
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if (verbose)
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fprintf(stderr, "writing bootstrap\n");
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if (!sunrewrite) {
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rv = pwrite(diskfd, bootstrapbuf, bootstrapsize,
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BOOT_BLOCK_OFFSET + BOOT_BLOCK_BLOCKSIZE);
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if (rv == -1)
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err(EXIT_FAILURE, "write %s", disk);
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else if (rv != bootstrapsize)
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errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "write %s: short write", disk);
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if (verbose)
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fprintf(stderr, "writing boot block\n");
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}
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rv = pwrite(diskfd, &bb, sizeof bb, BOOT_BLOCK_OFFSET);
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if (rv == -1)
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err(EXIT_FAILURE, "write %s", disk);
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else if (rv != sizeof bb)
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errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "write %s: short write", disk);
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done:
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(void)close(diskfd);
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}
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/*
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* The Sun and alpha checksums overlay, and the Sun magic number also
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* overlays the alpha checksum. If you think you are smart: stop here
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* and do exercise one: figure out how to salt unimportant u_int16_t
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* words in mid-sector so that the alpha and sparc checksums match,
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* and so the Sun magic number is embedded in the alpha checksum.
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*
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* The last u_int64_t in the sector is the alpha arithmetic checksum.
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* The last u_int16_t in the sector is the sun xor checksum.
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* The penultimate u_int16_t in the sector is the sun magic number.
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*
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* A: 511 510 509 508 507 506 505 504
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* S: 510 511 508 509 506 507 504 505
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* 63 : : : 32:31 : : : 0
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* | : : : \:| : : : |
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* 7654321076543210765432107654321076543210765432107654321076543210
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* |-- sparc --||-- sparc --|
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* |-- checksum --||-- magic --|
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* |----------------------- alpha checksum -----------------------|
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* 1011111011011010
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* b e d a
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*/
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static void
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resum(struct boot_block * const bb, u_int16_t *bb16)
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{
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static u_int64_t lastsum;
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if (bb16 != NULL)
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memcpy(bb, bb16, sizeof *bb);
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CHECKSUM_BOOT_BLOCK(bb, &bb->bb_cksum);
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if (bb16 != NULL)
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memcpy(bb16, bb, sizeof *bb);
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if (verbose && lastsum != bb->bb_cksum)
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printf("alpha checksum now %016llx\n", (long long)bb->bb_cksum);
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lastsum = bb->bb_cksum;
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}
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static void
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sun_bootstrap(struct boot_block * const bb)
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{
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# define BB_ADJUST_OFFSET 64
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static char our_int16s[] = "\2\3\6\7\12";
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u_int16_t i, j, chkdelta, sunsum, bb16[256];
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/*
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* Theory: the alpha checksum is adjusted so bits 47:32 add up
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* to the Sun magic number. Then, another adjustment is computed
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* so bits 63:48 add up to the Sun checksum, and applied in pieces
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* so it changes the alpha checksum but not the Sun value.
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*
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* Note: using memcpy(3) instead of a union as a strict c89/c9x
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* conformance experiment and to avoid a public interface delta.
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*/
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assert(sizeof bb16 == sizeof *bb);
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memcpy(bb16, bb, sizeof bb16);
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for (i = 0; our_int16s[i]; ++i) {
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j = BB_ADJUST_OFFSET + our_int16s[i];
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if (bb16[j]) {
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warnx("non-zero bits %04x in bytes %d..%d",
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bb16[j], j * 2, j * 2 + 1);
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bb16[j] = 0;
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resum(bb, bb16);
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}
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}
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/*
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* Make alpha checksum <47:32> come out to the sun magic.
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*/
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bb16[BB_ADJUST_OFFSET + 2] = htons(SUN_DKMAGIC) - bb16[254];
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resum(bb, bb16);
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sunsum = compute_sparc(bb16); /* might be the final value */
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if (verbose)
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printf("target sun checksum is %04x\n", sunsum);
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/*
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* Arrange to have alpha 63:48 add up to the sparc checksum.
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*/
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chkdelta = sunsum - bb16[255];
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bb16[BB_ADJUST_OFFSET + 3] = chkdelta >> 1;
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bb16[BB_ADJUST_OFFSET + 7] = chkdelta >> 1;
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/*
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* By placing half the correction in two different u_int64_t words at
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* positions 63:48, the sparc sum will not change but the alpha sum
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* will have the full correction, but only if the target adjustment
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* was even. If it was odd, reverse propagate the carry one place.
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*/
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if (chkdelta & 1) {
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if (verbose)
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printf("target adjustment %04x was odd, correcting\n",
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chkdelta);
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assert(bb16[BB_ADJUST_OFFSET + 6] == 0);
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assert(bb16[BB_ADJUST_OFFSET + 012] == 0);
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bb16[BB_ADJUST_OFFSET + 6] += 0x8000;
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bb16[BB_ADJUST_OFFSET + 012] += 0x8000;
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}
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resum(bb, bb16);
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if (verbose)
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printf("final harmonized checksum: %016llx\n",
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(long long)bb->bb_cksum);
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check_sparc(bb, "final");
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}
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void
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check_sparc(const struct boot_block * const bb, const char *when)
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{
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u_int16_t bb16[256];
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const char * const wmsg = "warning, %s sparc %s 0x%04x invalid,"
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" expected 0x%04x";
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memcpy(bb16, bb, sizeof bb16);
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if (compute_sparc(bb16) != bb16[255])
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warnx(wmsg, when, "checksum", bb16[255], compute_sparc(bb16));
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if (bb16[254] != htons(SUN_DKMAGIC))
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warnx(wmsg, when, "magic number", bb16[254],
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htons(SUN_DKMAGIC));
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}
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static u_int16_t
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compute_sparc(const u_int16_t *bb16)
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{
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u_int16_t i, s = 0;
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for (i = 0; i < 255; ++i)
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s ^= bb16[i];
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return s;
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}
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