157 lines
5.3 KiB
Plaintext
157 lines
5.3 KiB
Plaintext
.\" $NetBSD: prep,v 1.16 2009/04/23 01:56:49 snj Exp $
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.
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No matter which installation method you use, there is some planning
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and preparation that is required beforehand. First and foremost,
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before beginning the installation process, make sure you have a
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reliable backup of any data on your hard disk that you wish to keep.
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.Em "Mistakes in partitioning your hard disk may lead to data loss."
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.Pp
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.Nx*M
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uses the same disk mapping scheme as Mac OS: the Apple Disk Partition Map.
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This permits both systems to reside on the same disk, but introduces some
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installation problems unique to the Macintosh. There are very few, if any,
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reliable ways to reduce the size of an existing Mac OS disk partition, so
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partitioning a disk that currently contains Mac OS will almost always
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require a backup and reload step under Mac OS.
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.Pp
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If you are using the
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.Ic sysinst
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method of installation you will be able to
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do most, if not all, of your disk partitioning during the install
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process. Partitioning the disk with
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.Ic sysinst
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will destroy any partition
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that is resized, deleted, converted, or designated for use by NetBSD.
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All space not planned to be used for Mac OS HFS partitions may be used
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by NetBSD and can be sub-divided by the
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.Ic sysinst
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process. This space
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may be defined within one or more existing disk partitions of any type,
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including HFS partitions that are no longer needed for Mac OS. However
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it is best if this space is physically contiguous on the disk as
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.Ic sysinst
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is not capable of merging non-contiguous disk partitions. If you are
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using the
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.Ic sysinst
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method and have sufficient disk space in one or more
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disk partitions you should skip forward to the section labeled
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.Sx Installing\ the\ NetBSD\ System\ (Sysinst\ Method)
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in this document.
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.Pp
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If you are using the Traditional method of installation you must use a
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disk partitioning utility to designate the different partitions you
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will want in your final
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.Nx
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configuration. It is not necessary to create
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.Nx
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(or AU/X) type partitions at this stage; the Mkfs utility
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can convert a partition of any type to one usable for
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.Nx .
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.Pp
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If disk partitioning is required because you've selected the Traditional
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method of installation, or because disk space needs to be freed up for
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use for the
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.Ic sysinst
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method of installation, follow the directions in the remainder of this section.
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.Pp
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Find your favorite disk partitioning utility. Any formatter capable of
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partitioning a SCSI disk should work. Some of the ones that have been
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tried and seem to work are:
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.Pp
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.(bullet -compact -offset indent
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Apple HD SC Setup
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.It
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Hard Disk ToolKit from FWB
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.It
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SCSI Director Lite
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.It
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Disk Manager Mac from OnTrack
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.It
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Silverlining from LaCie
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.It
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APS Disk Tools
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.bullet)
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.Pp
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Apple's HD SC Setup is probably the easiest to use and the most commonly
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available. Instructions for patching HD SC Setup so that it will recognize
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non-Apple drives is available at:
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.Pp
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.Lk http://www.euronet.nl/users/ernstoud/patch.html
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.Pp
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First, you need to choose a drive on which to install
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.Nx .
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Try to pick a
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drive with a low SCSI target number (or "SCSI ID"), especially if you are
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likely to add or
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remove drives to your SCSI chain in the future.
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.(Note
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Be certain you have a reliable backup of any data that you may want to keep.
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Repartitioning your hard drive is an excellent way to destroy important data.
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.Note)
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.Pp
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Second, decide how you want to set up your partitions. At minimum, you
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need a partition to hold the
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.Nx
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installation (the root partition \(em
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.Pa / )
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and a
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partition to serve as swap space. You may choose to use more than one partition
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to hold the installation. This allows you to separate the more vital
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portions of the file system (such as the kernel and the
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.Pa /etc
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directory) from the more volatile parts of the file system.
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Typical setups place the
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.Pa /usr
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directory on a separate partition from the root partition
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.Pq Pa / .
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Generally,
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.Pa /
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can be fairly small while the
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.Pa /usr
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partition should be fairly large.
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If you plan to use this machine as a server, you may also want a separate
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.Pa /var
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partition.
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.Pp
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Once you have decided how to lay out your partitions, you need to calculate
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how much space to allocate to each partition. A minimal install of
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.Nx
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(i.e.
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.Pa base.tgz , etc.tgz, No and either
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.Pa kern-GENERIC.tgz No or
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.Pa kern-GENERICSBC.tgz )
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requires about 100MB.
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A general rule of thumb for sizing the swap partition is to allocate
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twice as much swap space as you have real memory.
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Having your swap + real memory total at least 20 MB is also a good idea.
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Systems that will be heavily used or that are low on real memory should
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have more swap space allocated. Systems that will be only lightly used
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or have a very large amount of real memory can get away with less.
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.Pp
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Keep in mind that
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.Nx
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currently requires
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.Tn Mac OS
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in order to boot, so it is likely that you will
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want to keep at least a minimal install of
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.Tn Mac OS
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around on an HFS
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partition for this purpose. The size of this partition may vary depending
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on the size requirements for the version of
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.Tn Mac OS
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you are using. Of
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course, if you have
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.Tn Mac OS
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on another hard drive or can boot from a floppy,
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feel free to dedicate the entire drive to
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.Nx .
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.Pp
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Next, use your favorite partitioning utility to make partitions of the
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necessary sizes. You can use any type of partition, but partitions of type
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.Li "Apple_Free"
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might save you some confusion in the future.
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.Pp
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You are now set to install
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.Nx
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on your hard drive.
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