79f027bbd6
whether modules are loaded and whether boot.cfg is evaluated, and set both to "off" per default in the PXE bootloader. Extend "installboot" to toggle the bits. This way, pxeboot works with existing dhcp server setups (and as described in the manpage) out of the box. Also, boot.cfg reading involves a stat() call which is horribly inefficient with the TFTP pseudo file system.
889 lines
21 KiB
Groff
889 lines
21 KiB
Groff
.\" $NetBSD: installboot.8,v 1.74 2010/01/14 17:49:32 drochner Exp $
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" Copyright (c) 2002-2009 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
|
|
.\" All rights reserved.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
|
|
.\" by Luke Mewburn of Wasabi Systems.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
|
|
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
|
|
.\" are met:
|
|
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
|
|
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
|
|
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
|
|
.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
|
|
.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
|
|
.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
|
|
.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
|
|
.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
|
|
.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
|
|
.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
|
|
.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
|
|
.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
|
|
.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.Dd January 11, 2010
|
|
.Dt INSTALLBOOT 8
|
|
.Os
|
|
.Sh NAME
|
|
.Nm installboot
|
|
.Nd install disk bootstrap software
|
|
.
|
|
.Sh SYNOPSIS
|
|
.Nm
|
|
.Op Fl fnv
|
|
.Op Fl B Ar s2bno
|
|
.Op Fl b Ar s1bno
|
|
.Op Fl m Ar machine
|
|
.Op Fl o Ar options
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar fstype
|
|
.Ar filesystem
|
|
.Ar primary
|
|
.Op Ar secondary
|
|
.Nm
|
|
.Fl c
|
|
.Op Fl fnv
|
|
.Op Fl m Ar machine
|
|
.Op Fl o Ar options
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar fstype
|
|
.Ar filesystem
|
|
.Nm
|
|
.Fl e
|
|
.Op Fl fnv
|
|
.Op Fl m Ar machine
|
|
.Op Fl o Ar options
|
|
.Ar bootstrap
|
|
.
|
|
.Sh DESCRIPTION
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
utility installs and removes
|
|
.Nx
|
|
disk bootstrap software into a file system.
|
|
.Nm
|
|
can install
|
|
.Ar primary
|
|
into
|
|
.Ar filesystem ,
|
|
or disable an existing bootstrap in
|
|
.Ar filesystem .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
One some architectures the options of an existing installed bootstrap,
|
|
or those of a bootstrap file can be changed.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Generally,
|
|
.Nx
|
|
disk bootstrap software consists of two parts: a
|
|
.Dq primary
|
|
bootstrap program usually written into the disklabel area of the
|
|
file system by
|
|
.Nm ,
|
|
and a
|
|
.Dq secondary
|
|
bootstrap program that usually resides as an ordinary file in the file system.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
When booting, the primary bootstrap program is loaded and invoked by
|
|
the machine's PROM or BIOS.
|
|
After receiving control of the system it loads and runs the secondary
|
|
bootstrap program, which in turn loads and runs the kernel.
|
|
The secondary bootstrap may allow control over various boot parameters
|
|
passed to the kernel.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Perform the following steps to make a file system bootable:
|
|
.Bl -enum
|
|
.It
|
|
Copy the secondary bootstrap (usually
|
|
.Pa /usr/mdec/boot. Ns Sy MACHINE
|
|
or
|
|
.Pa /usr/mdec/boot )
|
|
to the root directory of the target file system.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.
|
|
.It
|
|
Use
|
|
.Nm
|
|
to install the primary bootstrap program
|
|
(usually
|
|
.Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx_ Ns Sy FSTYPE )
|
|
into
|
|
.Ar filesystem .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The following platforms do not require this step if the primary bootstrap
|
|
already exists and the secondary bootstrap file is just being updated:
|
|
.Sy alpha ,
|
|
.Sy amd64 ,
|
|
.Sy amiga ,
|
|
.Sy i386 ,
|
|
.Sy pmax ,
|
|
.Sy sparc64 ,
|
|
and
|
|
.Sy vax .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The following platform does not require the first step since a
|
|
single bootstrap file is used.
|
|
The single bootstrap is installed like the primary bootstrap on
|
|
other platforms:
|
|
.Sy next68k .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The options and arguments recognized by
|
|
.Nm
|
|
are as follows:
|
|
.
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "optionsxxx"
|
|
.
|
|
.It Fl B Ar s2bno
|
|
When hard-coding the blocks of
|
|
.Ar secondary
|
|
into
|
|
.Ar primary ,
|
|
start from block
|
|
.Ar s2bno
|
|
instead of trying to determine the block numbers occupied by
|
|
.Ar secondary
|
|
by examining
|
|
.Ar filesystem .
|
|
If this option is supplied,
|
|
.Ar secondary
|
|
should refer to an actual secondary bootstrap (rather than the
|
|
file name of the one present in
|
|
.Ar filesystem )
|
|
so that its size can be determined.
|
|
.
|
|
.It Fl b Ar s1bno
|
|
Install
|
|
.Ar primary
|
|
at block number
|
|
.Ar s1bno
|
|
instead of the default location for the machine and file system type.
|
|
.Sy [ alpha ,
|
|
.Sy pmax ,
|
|
.Sy vax ]
|
|
.
|
|
.It Fl c
|
|
Clear (remove) any existing bootstrap instead of installing one.
|
|
.
|
|
.It Fl e
|
|
Edit the options of an existing bootstrap.
|
|
This can be use to change the options in bootxx_xxxfs files,
|
|
raw disk partitions, and the
|
|
.Pa pxeboot_ia32.bin
|
|
file.
|
|
.Sy [ amd64 , i386 ]
|
|
.
|
|
.It Fl f
|
|
Forces
|
|
.Nm
|
|
to ignore some errors.
|
|
.
|
|
.It Fl m Ar machine
|
|
Use
|
|
.Ar machine
|
|
as the target machine type.
|
|
The default machine is determined from
|
|
.Xr uname 3
|
|
and then
|
|
.Ev MACHINE .
|
|
The following machines are currently supported by
|
|
.Nm :
|
|
.Bd -ragged -offset indent
|
|
.Sy alpha ,
|
|
.Sy amd64 ,
|
|
.Sy amiga ,
|
|
.Sy ews4800mips ,
|
|
.Sy hp300 ,
|
|
.Sy hp700 ,
|
|
.Sy i386 ,
|
|
.Sy landisk ,
|
|
.Sy macppc ,
|
|
.Sy news68k ,
|
|
.Sy newsmips ,
|
|
.Sy next68k ,
|
|
.Sy pmax ,
|
|
.Sy sparc ,
|
|
.Sy sparc64 ,
|
|
.Sy sun2 ,
|
|
.Sy sun3 ,
|
|
.Sy vax ,
|
|
.Sy x68k
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
.It Fl n
|
|
Do not write to
|
|
.Ar filesystem .
|
|
.
|
|
.It Fl o Ar options
|
|
Machine specific
|
|
.Nm
|
|
options, comma separated.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Supported options are (with the machines for they are valid in brackets):
|
|
.
|
|
.Bl -tag -offset indent -width alphasum
|
|
.
|
|
.It Sy alphasum
|
|
.Sy [ alpha ]
|
|
Recalculate and restore the Alpha checksum.
|
|
This is the default for
|
|
.Nx Ns Tn /alpha .
|
|
.
|
|
.It Sy append
|
|
.Sy [ alpha ,
|
|
.Sy pmax ,
|
|
.Sy vax ]
|
|
Append
|
|
.Ar primary
|
|
to the end of
|
|
.Ar filesystem ,
|
|
which must be a regular file in this case.
|
|
.
|
|
.It Sy command=\*[Lt]boot command\*[Gt]
|
|
.Sy [ amiga ]
|
|
Modify the default boot command line.
|
|
.
|
|
.It Sy console=\*[Lt]console name\*[Gt]
|
|
.Sy [ amd64 ,
|
|
.Sy i386 ]
|
|
Set the console device, \*[Lt]console name\*[Gt] must be one of:
|
|
pc, com0, com1, com2, com3, com0kbd, com1kbd, com2kbd or com3kbd.
|
|
.
|
|
.It Sy ioaddr=\*[Lt]ioaddr\*[Gt]
|
|
.Sy [ amd64 ,
|
|
.Sy i386 ]
|
|
Set the IO address to be used for the console serial port.
|
|
Defaults to the IO address used by the system BIOS for the specified port.
|
|
.
|
|
.It Sy keymap=\*[Lt]keymap\*[Gt]
|
|
.Sy [ amd64 ,
|
|
.Sy i386 ]
|
|
Set a boot time keyboard translation map.
|
|
Each character in \*[Lt]keymap\*[Gt] will be replaced by the one following it.
|
|
For example, an argument of
|
|
.Dq zyz
|
|
would swap the lowercase letters
|
|
.Sq y
|
|
and
|
|
.Sq z .
|
|
.
|
|
.It Sy password=\*[Lt]password\*[Gt]
|
|
.Sy [ amd64 ,
|
|
.Sy i386 ]
|
|
Set the password which must be entered before the boot menu can be accessed.
|
|
.
|
|
.It Sy resetvideo
|
|
.Sy [ amd64 ,
|
|
.Sy i386 ]
|
|
Reset the video before booting.
|
|
.
|
|
.It Sy speed=\*[Lt]baud rate\*[Gt]
|
|
.Sy [ amd64 ,
|
|
.Sy i386 ]
|
|
Set the baud rate for the serial console.
|
|
If a value of zero is specified, then the current baud rate (set by the
|
|
BIOS) will be used.
|
|
.
|
|
.It Sy sunsum
|
|
.Sy [ alpha ,
|
|
.Sy pmax ,
|
|
.Sy vax ]
|
|
Recalculate and restore the Sun and
|
|
.Nx Ns Tn /sparc
|
|
compatible checksum.
|
|
.Em Note :
|
|
The existing
|
|
.Nx Ns Tn /sparc
|
|
disklabel should use no more than 4 partitions.
|
|
.
|
|
.It Sy timeout=\*[Lt]seconds\*[Gt]
|
|
.Sy [ amd64 ,
|
|
.Sy i386 ]
|
|
Set the timeout before the automatic boot begins to the given number of seconds.
|
|
.
|
|
.It Sy modules
|
|
.Sy [ amd64 ,
|
|
.Sy i386 ]
|
|
(Don't) load kernel modules.
|
|
.
|
|
.It Sy bootconf
|
|
.Sy [ amd64 ,
|
|
.Sy i386 ]
|
|
(Don't) read a
|
|
.Dq boot.cfg
|
|
file.
|
|
.El
|
|
.
|
|
.It Fl t Ar fstype
|
|
Use
|
|
.Ar fstype
|
|
as the type of
|
|
.Ar filesystem .
|
|
The default operation is to attempt to auto-detect this setting.
|
|
The following file system types are currently supported by
|
|
.Nm :
|
|
.
|
|
.Bl -tag -offset indent -width raid
|
|
.
|
|
.It Sy ffs
|
|
.Bx
|
|
Fast File System.
|
|
.
|
|
.It Sy raid
|
|
Mirrored RAIDframe File System.
|
|
.
|
|
.It Sy raw
|
|
.Sq Raw
|
|
image.
|
|
Note: if a platform needs to hard-code the block offset of the secondary
|
|
bootstrap, it cannot be searched for on this file system type, and must
|
|
be provided with
|
|
.Fl B Ar s2bno .
|
|
.El
|
|
.
|
|
.It Fl v
|
|
Verbose operation.
|
|
.
|
|
.It Ar filesystem
|
|
The path name of the device or file system image that
|
|
.Nm
|
|
is to operate on.
|
|
It is not necessary for
|
|
.Ar filesystem
|
|
to be a currently mounted file system.
|
|
.
|
|
.It Ar primary
|
|
The path name of the
|
|
.Dq primary
|
|
boot block to install.
|
|
The path name must refer to a file in a file system that is currently
|
|
mounted.
|
|
.
|
|
.It Ar secondary
|
|
The path name of the
|
|
.Dq secondary
|
|
boot block, relative to the root of
|
|
the file system in the device or image specified by the
|
|
.Ar filesystem
|
|
argument.
|
|
Note that this may refer to a file in a file system that is not mounted.
|
|
Most systems require
|
|
.Ar secondary
|
|
to be in the
|
|
.Dq root
|
|
directory of the file system, so the leading
|
|
.Dq Pa /
|
|
is not necessary on
|
|
.Ar secondary .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Only certain combinations of
|
|
platform
|
|
.Pq Fl m Ar machine
|
|
and file system type
|
|
.Pq Fl t Ar fstype
|
|
require that the name of the secondary bootstrap is
|
|
supplied as
|
|
.Ar secondary ,
|
|
so that information such as the disk block numbers occupied
|
|
by the secondary bootstrap can be stored in the primary bootstrap.
|
|
These are:
|
|
.Bl -column "Platform" "File systems" -offset indent
|
|
.It Sy "Platform" Ta Sy "File systems"
|
|
.It macppc Ta ffs, raw
|
|
.It news68k Ta ffs, raw
|
|
.It newsmips Ta ffs, raw
|
|
.It sparc Ta ffs, raid, raw
|
|
.It sun2 Ta ffs, raw
|
|
.It sun3 Ta ffs, raw
|
|
.El
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Nm
|
|
exits 0 on success, and \*[Gt]0 if an error occurs.
|
|
.
|
|
.Sh ENVIRONMENT
|
|
.Nm
|
|
uses the following environment variables:
|
|
.
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "MACHINE"
|
|
.
|
|
.It Ev MACHINE
|
|
Default value for
|
|
.Ar machine ,
|
|
overriding the result from
|
|
.Xr uname 3 .
|
|
.
|
|
.El
|
|
.
|
|
.Sh FILES
|
|
Most
|
|
.Nx
|
|
ports will contain variations of the following files:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -tag -width /usr/mdec/bootxx_ustarfs
|
|
.
|
|
.It Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx_ Ns Sy FSTYPE
|
|
Primary bootstrap for file system type
|
|
.Sy FSTYPE .
|
|
Installed into the bootstrap area of the file system by
|
|
.Nm .
|
|
.
|
|
.It Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx_fat16
|
|
Primary bootstrap for
|
|
.Tn MS-DOS
|
|
.Sy FAT16
|
|
file systems.
|
|
This differs from
|
|
.Nm bootxx_msdos
|
|
in that it doesn't require the filesystem to have been initialised with
|
|
any
|
|
.Ql reserved sectors .
|
|
It also uses the information in the
|
|
.Ql Boot Parameter Block
|
|
to get the media and filesytem properties.
|
|
.
|
|
.It Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx_ffsv1
|
|
Primary bootstrap for
|
|
.Sy FFSv1
|
|
file systems
|
|
(the "traditional"
|
|
.Nx
|
|
file system).
|
|
Use
|
|
.Xr dumpfs 8
|
|
to confirm the file system format is
|
|
.Sy FFSv1 .
|
|
.
|
|
.It Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx_ffsv2
|
|
Primary bootstrap for
|
|
.Sy FFSv2
|
|
file systems.
|
|
Use
|
|
.Xr dumpfs 8
|
|
to confirm the file system format is
|
|
.Sy FFSv2 .
|
|
.
|
|
.It Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx_lfsv1
|
|
Primary bootstrap for
|
|
.Sy LFSv1
|
|
file systems.
|
|
.
|
|
.It Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx_lfsv2
|
|
Primary bootstrap for
|
|
.Sy LFSv2
|
|
file systems
|
|
(the default LFS version).
|
|
.
|
|
.It Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx_msdos
|
|
Primary bootstrap for
|
|
.Tn MS-DOS
|
|
.Sy FAT
|
|
file systems.
|
|
.
|
|
.It Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx_ustarfs
|
|
Primary bootstrap for
|
|
.Sy TARFS
|
|
boot images.
|
|
This is used by various install media.
|
|
.
|
|
.It Pa /usr/mdec/boot. Ns Sy MACHINE
|
|
Secondary bootstrap for machine type
|
|
.Sy MACHINE .
|
|
This should be installed into the file system before
|
|
.Nm
|
|
is run.
|
|
.
|
|
.It Pa /usr/mdec/boot
|
|
Synonym for
|
|
.Pa /usr/mdec/boot. Ns Sy MACHINE
|
|
.
|
|
.It Pa /boot. Ns Sy MACHINE
|
|
Installed copy of secondary bootstrap for machine type
|
|
.Sy MACHINE .
|
|
.
|
|
.It Pa /boot
|
|
Installed copy of secondary bootstrap.
|
|
Searched for by the primary bootstrap if
|
|
.Pa /boot. Ns Sy MACHINE
|
|
is not found.
|
|
.
|
|
.El
|
|
.
|
|
.Ss Nx Ns Tn /macppc files
|
|
.
|
|
.Bl -tag -width /usr/mdec/bootxx_ustarfs
|
|
.
|
|
.It Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx
|
|
.Nx Ns Tn /macppc
|
|
primary bootstrap.
|
|
.
|
|
.It Pa /usr/mdec/ofwboot
|
|
.Nx Ns Tn /macppc
|
|
secondary bootstrap.
|
|
.
|
|
.It Pa /ofwboot
|
|
Installed copy of
|
|
.Nx Ns Tn /macppc
|
|
secondary bootstrap.
|
|
.
|
|
.El
|
|
.
|
|
.Ss Nx Ns Tn /next68k files
|
|
.
|
|
.Bl -tag -width /usr/mdec/bootxx_ustarfs
|
|
.
|
|
.It Pa /usr/mdec/boot
|
|
.Nx Ns Tn /next68k
|
|
bootstrap.
|
|
.
|
|
.El
|
|
.
|
|
.Ss Nx Ns Tn /sparc64 files
|
|
.
|
|
.Bl -tag -width /usr/mdec/bootxx_ustarfs
|
|
.
|
|
.It Pa /usr/mdec/bootblk
|
|
.Nx Ns Tn /sparc64
|
|
primary bootstrap.
|
|
.
|
|
.It Pa /usr/mdec/ofwboot
|
|
.Nx Ns Tn /sparc64
|
|
secondary bootstrap.
|
|
.
|
|
.It Pa /ofwboot
|
|
Installed copy of
|
|
.Nx Ns Tn /sparc64
|
|
secondary bootstrap.
|
|
.
|
|
.El
|
|
.
|
|
.Sh EXAMPLES
|
|
.
|
|
.Ss common
|
|
Verbosely install the Berkeley Fast File System primary bootstrap on to disk
|
|
.Sq sd0 :
|
|
.Dl Ic installboot -v /dev/rsd0c /usr/mdec/bootxx_ffs
|
|
Note: the
|
|
.Dq whole disk
|
|
partition (c on some ports, d on others) is used here, since the a partition
|
|
probably is already opened (mounted as
|
|
.Pa / ) ,
|
|
so
|
|
.Nm
|
|
would not be able to access it.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Remove the primary bootstrap from disk
|
|
.Sq sd1 :
|
|
.Dl Ic installboot -c /dev/rsd1c
|
|
.
|
|
.Ss Nx Ns Tn /amiga
|
|
Modify the command line to change the default from "netbsd -ASn2" to
|
|
"netbsd -S":
|
|
.Dl Ic installboot -m amiga -o command="netbsd -S" /dev/rsd0a /usr/mdec/bootxx_ffs
|
|
.
|
|
.Ss Nx Ns Tn /ews4800mips
|
|
Install the System V Boot File System primary bootstrap on to disk
|
|
.Sq sd0 ,
|
|
with the secondary bootstrap
|
|
.Sq Pa /boot
|
|
already present in the SysVBFS partition on the disk:
|
|
.Dl Ic installboot /dev/rsd0c /usr/mdec/bootxx_bfs
|
|
.
|
|
.Ss Nx Ns Tn /i386 and Nx Ns Tn /amd64
|
|
Install new boot blocks on an existing mounted root file system on
|
|
.Sq wd0 ,
|
|
setting the timeout to five seconds, after copying a new secondary
|
|
bootstrap:
|
|
.Dl Ic cp /usr/mdec/boot /boot
|
|
.Dl Ic installboot -v -o timeout=5 /dev/rwd0a /usr/mdec/bootxx_ffsv1
|
|
.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Create a bootable CD-ROM with an ISO9660
|
|
file system for an i386 system with a serial console:
|
|
.Dl Ic mkdir cdrom
|
|
.Dl Ic cp sys/arch/i386/compile/mykernel/netbsd cdrom/netbsd
|
|
.Dl Ic cp /usr/mdec/boot cdrom/boot
|
|
.Dl Ic cp /usr/mdec/bootxx_cd9660 bootxx
|
|
.Dl Ic installboot -o console=com0,speed=19200 -m i386 -e bootxx
|
|
.Dl Ic makefs -t cd9660 -o 'bootimage=i386;bootxx,no-emul-boot' boot.iso \
|
|
cdrom
|
|
.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Create a bootable floppy disk with an FFSv1
|
|
file system for a small custom kernel (note: bigger kernels needing
|
|
multiple disks are handled with the ustarfs file system):
|
|
.Dl Ic newfs -s 1440k /dev/rfd0a
|
|
.Bd -ragged -offset indent-two -compact
|
|
.Em Note :
|
|
Ignore the warnings that
|
|
.Xr newfs 8
|
|
displays; it can not write a disklabel,
|
|
which is not a problem for a floppy disk.
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Dl Ic mount /dev/fd0a /mnt
|
|
.Dl Ic cp /usr/mdec/boot /mnt/boot
|
|
.Dl Ic gzip -9 \*[Lt] sys/arch/i386/compile/mykernel/netbsd \*[Gt] /mnt/netbsd.gz
|
|
.Dl Ic umount /mnt
|
|
.Dl Ic installboot -v /dev/rfd0a /usr/mdec/bootxx_ffsv1
|
|
.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Create a bootable FAT file system on
|
|
.Sq wd1a ,
|
|
which should have the same offset and size as a FAT primary partition
|
|
in the Master Boot Record (MBR):
|
|
.Dl Ic newfs_msdos -r 16 /dev/rwd1a
|
|
.Bd -ragged -offset indent-two -compact
|
|
.Em Notes :
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl r Ar 16
|
|
is to reserve space for the primary bootstrap.
|
|
.Xr newfs_msdos 8
|
|
will display an
|
|
.Dq MBR type
|
|
such as
|
|
.Ql 1 ,
|
|
.Ql 4 ,
|
|
or
|
|
.Ql 6 ;
|
|
the MBR partition type of the appropriate primary partition should be
|
|
changed to this value.
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Dl Ic mount -t msdos /dev/wd1a /mnt
|
|
.Dl Ic cp /usr/mdec/boot /mnt/boot
|
|
.Dl Ic cp path/to/kernel /mnt/netbsd
|
|
.Dl Ic umount /mnt
|
|
.Dl Ic installboot -t raw /dev/rwd1a /usr/mdec/bootxx_msdos
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Make the existing FAT16 filesystem on
|
|
.Sq sd0e
|
|
bootable.
|
|
This can be used to make USB memory bootable provided it has 512 byte
|
|
sectors and that the manufacturer correctly initialised the file system.
|
|
.Dl Ic mount -t msdos /dev/sd0e /mnt
|
|
.Dl Ic cp /usr/mdec/boot /mnt/boot
|
|
.Dl Ic cp path/to/kernel /mnt/netbsd
|
|
.Dl Ic umount /mnt
|
|
.Dl Ic installboot /dev/rsd0e /usr/mdec/bootxx_fat16
|
|
It may also be necessary to use
|
|
.Nm fdisk
|
|
to make the device itself bootable.
|
|
.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Switch the existing installed bootstrap to use a serial console without
|
|
reinstalling or altering other options such as timeout.
|
|
.Dl Ic installboot -e -o console=com0 /dev/rwd0a
|
|
.Ss Nx Ns Tn /macppc
|
|
Note the
|
|
.Nm
|
|
utility is only required for macppc machines with OpenFirmware version 2
|
|
to boot.
|
|
OpenFirmware 3 cannot load bootblocks specified in the Apple partition
|
|
map.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Install the Berkeley Fast File System primary bootstrap on to disk
|
|
.Sq wd0 :
|
|
.Dl Ic installboot /dev/rwd0c /usr/mdec/bootxx /ofwboot
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The secondary
|
|
.Nx Ns Tn /macppc
|
|
bootstrap is located in
|
|
.Pa /usr/mdec/ofwboot .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The primary bootstrap requires the raw
|
|
.Pa ofwboot
|
|
for the secondary bootstrap, not
|
|
.Pa ofwboot.xcf ,
|
|
which is used for the OpenFirmware to load kernels.
|
|
.Ss Nx Ns Tn /next68k
|
|
Install the bootstrap on to disk
|
|
.Sq sd0 :
|
|
.Dl Ic installboot /dev/rsd0c /usr/mdec/boot
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.
|
|
.Ss Nx Ns Tn /pmax
|
|
Install the Berkeley Fast File System primary bootstrap on to disk
|
|
.Sq sd0 :
|
|
.Dl Ic installboot /dev/rsd0c /usr/mdec/bootxx_ffs
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Nx Ns Tn /pmax
|
|
requires that this file system starts at block 0 of the disk.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Install the ISO 9660 primary bootstrap in the file
|
|
.Pa /tmp/cd-image :
|
|
.Dl Ic installboot -m pmax /tmp/cd-image /usr/mdec/bootxx_cd9660
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Make an ISO 9660 filesystem in the file
|
|
.Pa /tmp/cd-image
|
|
and install the ISO 9660 primary bootstrap in the filesystem, where the
|
|
source directory for the ISO 9660 filesystem contains a kernel, the
|
|
primary bootstrap
|
|
.Pa bootxx_cd9660
|
|
and the secondary bootstrap
|
|
.Pa boot.pmax :
|
|
.Dl Ic mkisofs -o /tmp/cd-image -a -l -v iso-source-dir
|
|
.Dl ...
|
|
.Dl 48 51 iso-source-dir/bootxx_cd9660
|
|
.Dl ...
|
|
.Dl Ic installboot -b `expr 48 \e* 4` /tmp/cd-image /usr/mdec/bootxx_cd9660
|
|
.
|
|
.Ss Nx Ns Tn /sparc
|
|
Install the Berkeley Fast File System primary bootstrap on to disk
|
|
.Sq sd0 ,
|
|
with the secondary bootstrap
|
|
.Sq Pa /boot
|
|
already present:
|
|
.Dl Ic installboot /dev/rsd0c /usr/mdec/bootxx /boot
|
|
.
|
|
.Ss Nx Ns Tn /sparc64
|
|
Install the Berkeley Fast File System primary bootstrap on to disk
|
|
.Sq wd0 :
|
|
.Dl Ic installboot /dev/rwd0c /usr/mdec/bootblk
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The secondary
|
|
.Nx Ns Tn /sparc64
|
|
bootstrap is located in
|
|
.Pa /usr/mdec/ofwboot .
|
|
.
|
|
.Ss Nx Ns Tn /sun2 and Nx Ns Tn /sun3
|
|
Install the Berkeley Fast File System primary bootstrap on to disk
|
|
.Sq sd0 ,
|
|
with the secondary bootstrap
|
|
.Sq Pa /boot
|
|
already present:
|
|
.Dl Ic installboot /dev/rsd0c /usr/mdec/bootxx /boot
|
|
.
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr uname 3 ,
|
|
.Xr boot 8 ,
|
|
.Xr disklabel 8 ,
|
|
.Xr dumpfs 8 ,
|
|
.Xr fdisk 8 ,
|
|
.Xr pxeboot 8
|
|
.
|
|
.Sh HISTORY
|
|
This implementation of
|
|
.Nm
|
|
appeared in
|
|
.Nx 1.6 .
|
|
.
|
|
.Sh AUTHORS
|
|
The machine independent portion of this implementation of
|
|
.Nm
|
|
was written by Luke Mewburn.
|
|
The following people contributed to the various machine dependent
|
|
back-ends:
|
|
Simon Burge (pmax),
|
|
Chris Demetriou (alpha),
|
|
Matthew Fredette (sun2, sun3),
|
|
Matthew Green (sparc64),
|
|
Ross Harvey (alpha),
|
|
Michael Hitch (amiga),
|
|
Paul Kranenburg (sparc),
|
|
David Laight (i386),
|
|
Christian Limpach (next68k),
|
|
Luke Mewburn (macppc),
|
|
Matt Thomas (vax),
|
|
Izumi Tsutsui (news68k, newsmips),
|
|
and
|
|
UCHIYAMA Yasushi (ews4800mips).
|
|
.
|
|
.Sh BUGS
|
|
There are not currently primary bootstraps to support all file systems
|
|
types which are capable of being the root file system.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If a disk has been converted from
|
|
.Sy FFS
|
|
to
|
|
.Sy RAID
|
|
without the contents of the disk erased, then the original
|
|
.Sy FFS
|
|
installation may be auto-detected instead of the
|
|
.Sy RAID
|
|
installation.
|
|
In this case, the
|
|
.Fl t Ar raid
|
|
option must be provided.
|
|
.
|
|
.Ss Nx Ns Tn /alpha
|
|
The
|
|
.Nx Ns Tn /alpha
|
|
primary bootstrap program can only load the secondary bootstrap program
|
|
from file systems starting at the beginning (block 0) of disks.
|
|
Similarly, the secondary bootstrap program can only load kernels from
|
|
file systems starting at the beginning of disks.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The size of primary bootstrap programs is restricted to 7.5KB, even
|
|
though some file systems (e.g., ISO 9660) are able to accommodate larger
|
|
ones.
|
|
.
|
|
.Ss Nx Ns Tn /hp300
|
|
The disk must have a boot partition large enough to hold the bootstrap code.
|
|
Currently the primary bootstrap must be a LIF format file.
|
|
.
|
|
.Ss Nx Ns Tn /i386 and Nx Ns Tn /amd64
|
|
The bootstrap must be installed in the
|
|
.Nx
|
|
partition that starts at the beginning of the mbr partition.
|
|
If that is a valid filesystem and contains the
|
|
.Pa /boot
|
|
program then it will be used as the root filesystem, otherwise the
|
|
.Sq a
|
|
partition will be booted.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The size of primary bootstrap programs is restricted to 8KB, even
|
|
though some file systems (e.g., ISO 9660) are able to accommodate larger
|
|
ones.
|
|
.
|
|
.Ss Nx Ns Tn /macppc
|
|
Due to restrictions in
|
|
.Nm
|
|
and the secondary bootstrap implementation, file systems where kernels exist
|
|
must start at the beginning of disks.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Currently,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
doesn't recognize an existing Apple partition map on the disk
|
|
and always writes a faked map to make disks bootable.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Nx Ns Tn /macppc
|
|
bootstrap program can't load kernels from
|
|
.Sy FFSv2
|
|
partitions.
|
|
.Ss Nx Ns Tn /next68k
|
|
The size of bootstrap programs is restricted to the free space before
|
|
the file system at the beginning of the disk minus 8KB.
|
|
.
|
|
.Ss Nx Ns Tn /pmax
|
|
The
|
|
.Nx Ns Tn /pmax
|
|
secondary bootstrap program can only load kernels from file
|
|
systems starting at the beginning of disks.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The size of primary bootstrap programs is restricted to 7.5KB, even
|
|
though some file systems (e.g., ISO 9660) are able to accommodate larger
|
|
ones.
|
|
.
|
|
.Ss Nx Ns Tn /sun2 and Nx Ns Tn /sun3
|
|
The
|
|
.Nx Ns Tn /sun2
|
|
and
|
|
.Nx Ns Tn /sun3
|
|
secondary bootstrap program can only load kernels from file
|
|
systems starting at the beginning of disks.
|
|
.
|
|
.Ss Nx Ns Tn /vax
|
|
The
|
|
.Nx Ns Tn /vax
|
|
secondary bootstrap program can only load kernels from file systems
|
|
starting at the beginning of disks.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The size of primary bootstrap programs is restricted to 7.5KB, even
|
|
though some file systems (e.g., ISO 9660) are able to accommodate larger
|
|
ones.
|