254 lines
6.9 KiB
Plaintext
254 lines
6.9 KiB
Plaintext
.\" $NetBSD: prep,v 1.17 2022/09/28 06:06:59 charlotte Exp $
|
|
.
|
|
.Ss2 Deciding on partition sizes
|
|
.
|
|
If you're installing
|
|
.Nx*M
|
|
for the first time it's a good idea
|
|
to look at the partition sizes of the disk you plan to install
|
|
.Nx
|
|
on. Will you be installing
|
|
.Nx
|
|
onto the same disk as
|
|
.Tn Solaris ,
|
|
on its own disk,
|
|
or will you be netbooting? While
|
|
.Nx
|
|
can work just fine on a disk shared with
|
|
.Tn Solaris ,
|
|
the
|
|
.Nx
|
|
installer does not currently support this. The limitation is that the
|
|
.Nx
|
|
.Xr disklabel 8
|
|
writes partition info that
|
|
.Tn Solaris
|
|
is not familiar with. Therefore, if you are sharing a disk with
|
|
.Tn Solaris ,
|
|
any time you change a partition table, you must do it from
|
|
.Tn Solaris .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Assuming a classic partition scheme with
|
|
.Pa /
|
|
(root) and
|
|
.Pa /usr
|
|
file systems, a comfortable size for the
|
|
.Nx
|
|
.Pa /
|
|
partition is about 200 MB.
|
|
A full binary installation including X takes over 600 MB in
|
|
.Pa /usr .
|
|
Since the pkgsrc binaries are typically installed in
|
|
.Pa /usr/pkg
|
|
you may want a significantly larger
|
|
.Pa /usr
|
|
partition.
|
|
A good initial size for the swap partition is the amount of physical
|
|
memory in your machine if you've got more than 128 MB RAM. If you've got
|
|
less RAM, you may want swap to be at least 128 MB.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Note that the OBP on Ultra 1 and Ultra 2 machines can only boot from the first
|
|
4Gb of the disk, so this limits the size of the root partition on these models.
|
|
.
|
|
.Ss2 Setting up Open Firmware
|
|
.
|
|
First, you need to stop your system from automatically booting when
|
|
powered on. Pressing the
|
|
.Key STOP
|
|
key (sometimes called the
|
|
.Key L1
|
|
key, found on the left side of your keyboard) and the
|
|
.Key a
|
|
key will halt your system and give you the
|
|
.Dq Li ok
|
|
prompt. If you are using a serial console, send a
|
|
.Dq BREAK
|
|
signal from your terminal (the method of sending
|
|
.Dq BREAK
|
|
varies from terminal to terminal).
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If the ethernet address of your \*M system is
|
|
.Li ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
|
|
(check with the Open Firmware
|
|
.Dq banner
|
|
command),
|
|
then your NVRAM battery is dead and you will have trouble using
|
|
ethernet (among other problems). Read the
|
|
.Lk https://web.archive.org/web/20150611091616/https://www.squirrel.com/squirrel/sun-nvram-hostid.faq.html "Sun NVRAM/Hostid FAQ" .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If you have a valid ethernet address and you plan to netboot, write down
|
|
your system's ethernet address.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
You cannot use the security modes of the SPARC OpenFirmware.
|
|
.(disp
|
|
.No ok Ic "setenv security-mode none"
|
|
.disp)
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If you are using a serial console, the
|
|
.Nx*M
|
|
installer defaults to using 9600 bps, 8N1 settings. You may want to
|
|
configure your system and serial terminal like this prior to booting the
|
|
installer. A new installation of
|
|
.Nx*M
|
|
will default to these settings as well.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
SCSI devices are specified by an Open Firmware
|
|
.Ic devalias
|
|
which provides simple mnemonics for the full path to the device. Type
|
|
.Ic devalias
|
|
to get a list of all of the available aliases.
|
|
At a minimum, the alias and partition are necessary when booting.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Therefore, to boot from the swap partition on the internal hard drive
|
|
one would use:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.(disp
|
|
.No ok Ic "boot disk:b"
|
|
.disp)
|
|
.Pp
|
|
To boot from a CD-ROM (Open Firmware assumes SCSI CD-ROMs are at target 6),
|
|
one would use:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.(disp
|
|
.No ok Ic "boot cdrom"
|
|
.disp)
|
|
.Pp
|
|
And to boot from a kernel named
|
|
.Li netbsd-GENERIC
|
|
on the fourth partition (
|
|
.Sq Li d ,
|
|
often the
|
|
.Pa /usr
|
|
partition) on an external SCSI hard drive (target 2, partition 3), one
|
|
would use:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.(disp
|
|
.No ok Ic "boot disk2:d netbsd-GENERIC"
|
|
.disp)
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If you get
|
|
.Dq .... Fast Data MMU Miss
|
|
when booting after the NetBSD installation, your OpenBoot PROM may
|
|
need updating. It has been reported that version 3.31 lead to a
|
|
successful boot on an Ultra Enterprise 420R, while version 3.23 did
|
|
not. Exact values may vary, depending on your hardware, current
|
|
OpenBoot PROM version and moon phase.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.
|
|
.Ss2 Determining how to boot from an SBUS or PCI card
|
|
.
|
|
Some SBUS and PCI cards have firmware that lets you use them as boot
|
|
devices. These cards do not automatically create
|
|
.Ic devalias
|
|
entries, so you must traverse the device tree to figure out what
|
|
Open Firmware calls your card. You will be using Open Firmware commands
|
|
at the
|
|
.Sq Li ok
|
|
prompt. First `cd' to the top of the device tree and list the
|
|
nodes there. The following is the procedure to boot from an IDE card in
|
|
an UltraSPARC 30.
|
|
.(disp
|
|
.No ok Ic "cd /"
|
|
.No ok Ic "ls"
|
|
f006cf08 SUNW,ffb@1e,0
|
|
f006c32c SUNW,UltraSPARC-II@0,0
|
|
f006002c counter-timer@1f,1c00
|
|
f005f410 pci@1f,2000
|
|
f005eb54 pci@1f,4000
|
|
f004cf84 virtual-memory
|
|
f004c9a4 memory@0,0
|
|
f002ce38 aliases
|
|
f002cdc8 options
|
|
f002cc90 openprom
|
|
f002cc24 chosen
|
|
f002cbb4 packages
|
|
.disp)
|
|
Usually, you can simply type in the name before the at (@) sign and
|
|
OpenFirmware will fill in the rest.
|
|
.(disp
|
|
.No ok Ic "cd pci@1f,4000"
|
|
.No ok Ic "ls"
|
|
f0081524 ide@2
|
|
f007be50 scsi@3
|
|
f0074688 network@1,1
|
|
f0060324 ebus@1
|
|
.No ok Ic "cd ide@2"
|
|
.No ok Ic "ls"
|
|
0081fe4 cdrom
|
|
f0081938 disk
|
|
.No ok Ic "cd disk"
|
|
.No ok Ic "ls"
|
|
.No ok Ic "pwd"
|
|
/pci@1f,4000/ide@2/disk
|
|
.disp)
|
|
OK, now we know the path to the IDE device in this example. Now, we need
|
|
to determine if it's capable of booting. If it is, it will have the
|
|
.Ic word
|
|
`open'.
|
|
.(disp
|
|
.No ok Ic "words"
|
|
close load write read seek
|
|
open write-blocks read-blocks max-transfer
|
|
block-size dma-free dma-alloc spin-down spin-up
|
|
.disp)
|
|
Great!
|
|
Also, in case you're interested in further details about your
|
|
hardware, you can use the
|
|
.Ic .properties
|
|
command.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
So, when it's time to type in a boot command, use the shortened version of
|
|
the
|
|
.Ic pwd
|
|
command. You need to be more specific if there are two devices with the
|
|
same name (in this case, two /pci entries). In this example, you'd type:
|
|
.(disp
|
|
.No ok Ic "boot /pci@1f,4000/ide/disk@0,0"
|
|
.disp)
|
|
You can also store this device path across reboots using the
|
|
.Ic nvalias
|
|
command.
|
|
.(disp
|
|
.No ok Ic "nvalias wd0 /pci@1f,4000/ide/disk@0,0:a"
|
|
.disp)
|
|
.Pp
|
|
And when the kernel is done booting, it may not automatically use your
|
|
card as the root device -- you may need to type in the
|
|
.Nx*M
|
|
name for
|
|
that device:
|
|
.(disp
|
|
root on sd0a dumps on sd0b
|
|
no file system for sd0 (dev 0x700)
|
|
cannot mount root, error = 79
|
|
.No "root device (default sd0a):" Ic "?"
|
|
use one of: hme0 sd0[a-h] wd0[a-h] halt
|
|
.No "root device (default sd0a):" Ic "wd0a"
|
|
.No "dump device:" Ic "wd0a"
|
|
.No "file system (default generic):" Ic "ffs"
|
|
root on wd0a
|
|
.disp)
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The root device can also be specified in your kernel config file.
|
|
.
|
|
.Ss2 Configuration of network interfaces
|
|
.
|
|
Some network devices (i.e., certain SBus cards)
|
|
allow a choice between operating on a UTP or a AUI port.
|
|
The
|
|
.Li le
|
|
driver supports automatic detection of the port which is actually connected to
|
|
the wire.
|
|
If automatic detection is not available or not working properly in your
|
|
environment, you may have to specify the type connection using the
|
|
.Ar media
|
|
parameter of
|
|
.Xr ifconfig 8 .
|
|
During installation, you'll get the
|
|
opportunity to specify the appropriate medium.
|
|
Use
|
|
.Li 10base5/AUI
|
|
to select the AUI connector, or
|
|
.Li 10baseT/UTP
|
|
to select the UTP connector.
|