265 lines
8.4 KiB
Groff
265 lines
8.4 KiB
Groff
.\" $NetBSD: boot.8,v 1.31 2010/02/25 17:15:55 wiz Exp $
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" Copyright (c) 1992, 1993
|
|
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
|
|
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
|
|
.\" are met:
|
|
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
|
|
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
|
|
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
|
|
.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
|
|
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
|
|
.\" without specific prior written permission.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
|
|
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
|
|
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
|
|
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
|
|
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
|
|
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
|
|
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
|
|
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
|
|
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
|
|
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
|
|
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" @(#)boot_sparc.8 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/19/94
|
|
.\"
|
|
.Dd June 17, 2006
|
|
.Dt BOOT 8 sparc
|
|
.Os
|
|
.Sh NAME
|
|
.Nm boot
|
|
.Nd
|
|
system bootstrapping procedures
|
|
.Sh SYNOPSIS
|
|
.Nm boot
|
|
.Op Fl adqsv
|
|
.Oo
|
|
.Ar --
|
|
.Aq Ar boot string
|
|
.Oc
|
|
.Sh DESCRIPTION
|
|
.Ss Power fail and crash recovery
|
|
Normally, the system will reboot itself at power-up or after crashes.
|
|
An automatic consistency check of the file systems will be performed
|
|
as described in
|
|
.Xr fsck 8 ,
|
|
and unless this fails, the system will resume multi-user operations.
|
|
.Ss Cold starts
|
|
The
|
|
.Tn Sun
|
|
boot firmware, either old-style or new-style (Open Boot Prom),
|
|
performs a Power On Self Test
|
|
.Pq Tn POST ,
|
|
and then will boot an operating system according to
|
|
configuration in Open Firmware environment variables.
|
|
.Ss Boot program options
|
|
.Bl -tag -width xxx
|
|
.It Fl a
|
|
Prompt for the root file system device, the system crash dump
|
|
device, and the path to
|
|
.Xr init 8 .
|
|
.It Fl d
|
|
Bring the system up in debug mode.
|
|
Here it waits for a kernel debugger connect; see
|
|
.Xr gdb 1 .
|
|
.It Fl C
|
|
Boot kernel in compat mode.
|
|
Starting with revision 1.14
|
|
.Pq introduced on 2003/03/01 ,
|
|
the sparc boot program loads the
|
|
.Nx
|
|
kernel at its linked virtual address.
|
|
This feature requires a kernel built after 2003/02/21
|
|
.Pq corresponding to kernel version 1.6Q .
|
|
To load older kernels, the
|
|
.Fl C
|
|
option must be used, which loads the kernel at physical address
|
|
0x4000.
|
|
The size of a kernel loaded in this way is limited to approximately
|
|
3MB.
|
|
.It Fl q
|
|
Boot the system in quiet mode.
|
|
.It Fl s
|
|
Bring the system up in single-user mode.
|
|
.It Fl v
|
|
Boot the system in verbose mode.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Any extra flags or arguments, or the
|
|
.Aq Ar boot string
|
|
after the -- separator are passed to the boot PROM.
|
|
Other flags are currently ignored.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The SPARC boot ROM comes in two flavours: an
|
|
.Dq old-style
|
|
ROM is used in sun4 machines, while a
|
|
.Dq new-style
|
|
ROM can be found on sun4c and sun4m models.
|
|
The
|
|
.Dq new-style
|
|
SPARC boot ROM is a full-featured Forth system with emacs key bindings.
|
|
It can be put in
|
|
.Dq old-style
|
|
user-interface compatibility mode (in which case it shows a simple
|
|
.Sq \*[Gt]
|
|
prompt), but this is essentially useless.
|
|
However, by default on sun4c models, the ROM runs in old-mode; to
|
|
enter new-mode type
|
|
.Sq n .
|
|
The ROM then shows a Forth-style
|
|
.Dq ok
|
|
prompt.
|
|
It is recommended to have the ROM always start in its native
|
|
.Dq new-style
|
|
mode.
|
|
Utter the following incantation in new-mode to force the ROM to always start
|
|
in new-mode.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Pa \ ok
|
|
setenv sunmon-compat? false
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The ROM will normally load the kernel from
|
|
.Dq sd(0,0,0)vmunix .
|
|
To change the default so that
|
|
.Nx
|
|
will be loaded from somewhere else, type the following
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Pa \ ok
|
|
setenv boot-from sd(0,0,0)netbsd
|
|
.Pp
|
|
On newer SPARC machines, there are various aliases to access common devices.
|
|
A typical list of usable boot devices (extracted from the output of
|
|
the Open Boot PROM command
|
|
.Ic devalias )
|
|
is:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
floppy /obio/SUNW,fdtwo
|
|
net-aui /iommu/sbus/ledma@f,400010:aui/le@f,c00000
|
|
net-tpe /iommu/sbus/ledma@f,400010:tpe/le@f,c00000
|
|
net /iommu/sbus/ledma@f,400010/le@f,c00000
|
|
disk /iommu/sbus/espdma@f,400000/esp@f,800000/sd@3,0
|
|
cdrom /iommu/sbus/espdma@f,400000/esp@f,800000/sd@6,0:d
|
|
tape /iommu/sbus/espdma@f,400000/esp@f,800000/st@4,0
|
|
tape1 /iommu/sbus/espdma@f,400000/esp@f,800000/st@5,0
|
|
tape0 /iommu/sbus/espdma@f,400000/esp@f,800000/st@4,0
|
|
disk3 /iommu/sbus/espdma@f,400000/esp@f,800000/sd@3,0
|
|
disk2 /iommu/sbus/espdma@f,400000/esp@f,800000/sd@2,0
|
|
disk1 /iommu/sbus/espdma@f,400000/esp@f,800000/sd@1,0
|
|
disk0 /iommu/sbus/espdma@f,400000/esp@f,800000/sd@0,0
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
For new-style machines,
|
|
if a device specification includes a partition letter (for example
|
|
.Em cdrom
|
|
in above list), that partition is used by default, otherwise the first (a)
|
|
partition is used.
|
|
If booting from the net device, there is no partition involved.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
At any time you can break back to the ROM by pressing the
|
|
.Sq L1
|
|
and
|
|
.Sq a
|
|
keys at the same time (if the console is a serial port the same is
|
|
achieved by sending a
|
|
.Sq break ) .
|
|
If you do this accidentally you can continue whatever was in progress
|
|
by typing
|
|
.Sq go .
|
|
.Sh OPEN BOOT PROM ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
|
|
This section only applies to new-style machines.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
All Open Boot PROM environment variables can be printed with the
|
|
.Ic printenv
|
|
command and changed with the
|
|
.Ic setenv
|
|
command.
|
|
The boot process relevant variables and their suggested value for
|
|
booting
|
|
.Nx
|
|
are:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
auto-boot? true
|
|
boot-file
|
|
boot-device disk
|
|
diag-switch? false
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Of course you may select any other boot device,
|
|
if you do not want to boot from the device aliased to
|
|
.Em disk ,
|
|
see the discussion on devices above.
|
|
.Sh OPEN BOOT PROM ABBREVIATED COMMAND SUMMARY
|
|
This section only applies to new-style machines.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The following Open Boot PROM commands are related to the boot process:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
boot boot the system from the default device
|
|
boot device filename arguments
|
|
boot the specified device, filename and arguments
|
|
probe-ide list devices on the primary IDE controller
|
|
probe-ide-all list devices on all known IDE controllers
|
|
probe-scsi list devices on the primary SCSI controller
|
|
probe-scsi-all list devices on all known SCSI controllers
|
|
reset reset the system
|
|
.Ed
|
|
For disk and tape devices, the boot device is specified as
|
|
.Sq /path/device@target,lun:partition .
|
|
.Sh PROM MONITOR ABBREVIATED COMMAND SUMMARY
|
|
This section only applies to old-style machines.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The following PROM monitor commands are related to the boot process:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
b boot the system from the default device
|
|
b device filename arguments
|
|
boot the specified device, filename and arguments
|
|
b? list boot device types
|
|
k2 reset the system
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
For SCSI disk and tape devices, the boot device is specified as
|
|
.Sq device(controller,unit,partition) ,
|
|
where
|
|
.Sq unit
|
|
is the hexidecimal value of the SCSI id of the target multiplied
|
|
by eight plus the lun, and
|
|
.Sq partition
|
|
is the partition number, starting from 0.
|
|
.Sh FILES
|
|
.Bl -tag -width /netbsdxx -compact
|
|
.It Pa /netbsd
|
|
system code
|
|
.It Pa /boot
|
|
system bootstrap
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr crash 8 ,
|
|
.Xr disklabel 8 ,
|
|
.Xr fsck 8 ,
|
|
.Xr halt 8 ,
|
|
.Xr init 8 ,
|
|
.Xr installboot 8 ,
|
|
.Xr rc 8 ,
|
|
.Xr shutdown 8 ,
|
|
.Xr sparc64/boot 8 ,
|
|
.Xr syslogd 8
|
|
.Sh BUGS
|
|
On sun4 machines, the
|
|
.Nx
|
|
sparc boot loader can only boot from RAID partitions that start at the
|
|
beginning of the disk.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
On sun4 and early PROM version sun4c machines, the PROM can only boot from
|
|
the first 1Gb of the disk.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
On later PROM version sun4c and early PROM version sun4m machines, the PROM
|
|
can only boot from the first 2Gb of the disk.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
On later PROM version sun4m machines, the PROM can only boot from the first
|
|
4Gb of the disk.
|