277 lines
7.3 KiB
Groff
277 lines
7.3 KiB
Groff
.\" $NetBSD: syslogd.8,v 1.42 2006/09/15 20:32:59 christos Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1986, 1991, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" from: @(#)syslogd.8 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
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.\"
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.Dd September 15, 2006
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.Dt SYSLOGD 8
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm syslogd
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.Nd log systems messages
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Op Fl dnrSsTUv
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl b Ar bind_address
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.Ek
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl f Ar config_file
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.Ek
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl g Ar group
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.Ek
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl m Ar mark_interval
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.Ek
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl P Ar file_list
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.Ek
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.Bk -words
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.Oo
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.Fl p Ar log_socket
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.Op Fl p Ar log_socket2 ...
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.Oc
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.Ek
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl t Ar chroot_dir
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.Ek
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl u Ar user
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.Ek
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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.Nm
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reads and logs messages to the system console, log files, other
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machines and/or users as specified by its configuration file.
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The options are as follows:
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.Bl -tag -width 15n
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.It Fl b Ar bind_address
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Specify one specific IP address or hostname to bind to.
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If a hostname is specified, the IPv4 or IPv6 address
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which corresponds to it is used.
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.It Fl d
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Enable debugging to the standard output,
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and do not disassociate from the controlling terminal.
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.It Fl f
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Specify the pathname of an alternative configuration file;
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the default is
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.Pa /etc/syslog.conf .
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.It Fl g Ar group
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Set GID to
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.Ar group
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after the sockets and log files have been opened.
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.It Fl m
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Select the number of minutes between ``mark'' messages;
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the default is 20 minutes.
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.It Fl n
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Do not perform hostname lookups; report only numeric addresses.
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.It Fl P
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Specify the pathname of a file containing a list of sockets to be
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created.
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The format of the file is simply one socket per line.
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.It Fl p
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Specify the pathname of a log socket.
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Multiple
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.Fl p
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options create multiple log sockets.
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If no
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.Fl p
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arguments are created, the default socket of
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.Pa /var/run/log
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is used.
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.It Fl r
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Disable the compression of repeated instances of the same line
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into a single line of the form
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.Dq last message repeated N times .
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.It Fl S
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Sync kernel messages to disk immediately.
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.It Fl s
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Select
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.Dq secure
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mode, in which
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.Nm
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does not listen on a UDP socket but only communicates over a
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.Ux
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domain socket.
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This is valuable when the machine on
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which
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.Nm
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runs is subject to attack over the network and it is desired
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that the machine be protected from attempts to remotely fill logs
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and similar attacks.
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.It Fl t Ar chroot_dir
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.Xr chroot 2
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to
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.Ar chroot_dir
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after the sockets and log files have been opened.
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.It Fl T
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Always use the local time and date for messages received from the
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network, instead of the timestamp field supplied in the message
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by the remote host.
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This is useful if some of the originating hosts can't keep time
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properly or are unable to generate a correct timestamp.
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.It Fl u Ar user
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Set UID to
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.Ar user
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after the sockets and log files have been opened.
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.It Fl U
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Unique priority logging.
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Only log messages at the priority specified by the selector in the
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configuration file.
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Without this option, messages at the specified priority or higher are
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logged.
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This option changes the default priority comparison from
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.Sq \*[Gt]=
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to
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.Sq = .
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.It Fl v
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Verbose logging.
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If specified once, the numeric facility and priority are logged with
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each locally-written message.
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If specified more than once, the names of the facility and priority are
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logged with each locally-written message.
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.El
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.Pp
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.Nm
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reads its configuration file when it starts up and whenever it
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receives a hangup signal.
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For information on the format of the configuration file,
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see
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.Xr syslog.conf 5 .
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.Pp
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.Nm
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reads messages from the
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.Ux
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domain socket
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.Pa /var/run/log ,
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from an Internet domain socket specified in
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.Pa /etc/services ,
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and from the special device
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.Pa /dev/klog
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(to read kernel messages).
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.Pp
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.Nm
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creates the file
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.Pa /var/run/syslogd.pid ,
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and stores its process
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id there.
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This can be used to kill or reconfigure
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.Nm .
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.Pp
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By using multiple
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.Fl p
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options, one can set up many chroot environments by passing the pathname
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to the log socket
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.Pa ( /var/run/log )
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in each chroot area to
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.Nm .
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For example:
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.Dl syslogd -p /var/run/log -p /web/var/run/log -p /ftp/var/run/log
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.Pp
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Note: the normal log socket must now also be passed to
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.Nm .
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.Pp
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The logged message includes the date, time, and hostname (or pathname of
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the log socket).
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Commonly, the program name and the process id is included.
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.Pp
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The date and time are taken from the received message.
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If the format of the timestamp field is incorrect, time obtained from
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the local host is used instead.
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This can be overridden by the
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.Fl T
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flag.
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.Pp
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Accesses from UDP socket can be filtered by libwrap configuration files, like
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.Pa /etc/hosts.deny .
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Specify
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.Dq Li syslogd
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in
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.Ar daemon_list
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portion of the configuration files.
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Refer to
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.Xr hosts_access 5
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for details.
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.Ss SYSLOG PROTOCOL NOTES
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The message sent to
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.Nm
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should consist of a single line.
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The message can contain a priority code, which should be a preceding
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decimal number in angle braces, for example,
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.Sq Aq 5 .
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This priority code should map into the priorities defined in the
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include file
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.Aq Pa sys/syslog.h .
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See RFC 3164 for detailed description of the message format.
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.Pp
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Messages from the local kernel that are not tagged with a priority code
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receive the default facility
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.Dv LOG_KERN
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and priority
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.Dv LOG_NOTICE .
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All other untagged messages receive the default facility
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.Dv LOG_USER
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and priority
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.Dv LOT_NOTICE .
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.Sh FILES
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.Bl -tag -width /var/run/syslogd.pid -compact
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.It Pa /etc/syslog.conf
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The configuration file.
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.It Pa /var/run/syslogd.pid
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The process id of current
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.Nm .
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.It Pa /var/run/log
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Name of the
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.Ux
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domain datagram log socket.
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.It Pa /dev/klog
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The kernel log device.
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr logger 1 ,
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.Xr syslog 3 ,
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.Xr services 5 ,
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.Xr syslog.conf 5 ,
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.Xr newsyslog 8
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.Rs
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.%R RFC
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.%N 3164
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.%D August 2001
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.%T The BSD syslog Protocol
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.Re
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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command appeared in
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.Bx 4.3 .
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Support for multiple log sockets appeared in
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.Nx 1.4 .
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libwrap support appeared in
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.Nx 1.6 .
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