408 lines
12 KiB
Groff
408 lines
12 KiB
Groff
.rn '' }`
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'''
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'''
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.de Sh
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.br
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.if t .Sp
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.ne 5
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.PP
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\fB\\$1\fR
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.PP
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.de Sp
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.if t .sp .5v
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..
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'''
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'''
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''' Set up \*(-- to give an unbreakable dash;
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''' string Tr holds user defined translation string.
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''' Bell System Logo is used as a dummy character.
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'''
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.tr \(*W-|\(bv\*(Tr
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.ie n \{\
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.ds PI pi
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''' such as .IP and .SH, which do another additional levels of
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.\" If the F register is turned on, we'll generate
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.\" index entries out stderr for the following things:
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.\" TH Title
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.\" SH Header
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.\" Sh Subsection
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.\" Ip Item
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.\" X<> Xref (embedded
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.\" Of course, you have to process the output yourself
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.\" in some meaninful fashion.
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.if \nF \{
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.de IX
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.nr % 0
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.rr F
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.\}
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.TH S_CLIENT 1 "0.9.5a" "22/Jul/100" "OpenSSL"
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.UC
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.if n .hy 0
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.if n .na
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.ds C+ C\v'-.1v'\h'-1p'\s-2+\h'-1p'+\s0\v'.1v'\h'-1p'
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'.ft R
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..
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.\" @(#)ms.acc 1.5 88/02/08 SMI; from UCB 4.2
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. \" AM - accent mark definitions
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.bd B 3
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. \" fudge factors for nroff and troff
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.if t \{\
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.\}
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.rm #[ #] #H #V #F C
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.SH "NAME"
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s_client \- SSL/TLS client program
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.SH "SYNOPSIS"
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\fBopenssl\fR \fBs_client\fR
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[\fB\-connect\fR host:port>]
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[\fB\-verify depth\fR]
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[\fB\-cert filename\fR]
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[\fB\-key filename\fR]
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[\fB\-CApath directory\fR]
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[\fB\-CAfile filename\fR]
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[\fB\-reconnect\fR]
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[\fB\-pause\fR]
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[\fB\-showcerts\fR]
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[\fB\-debug\fR]
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[\fB\-nbio_test\fR]
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[\fB\-state\fR]
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[\fB\-nbio\fR]
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[\fB\-crlf\fR]
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[\fB\-ign_eof\fR]
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[\fB\-quiet\fR]
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[\fB\-ssl2\fR]
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[\fB\-ssl3\fR]
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[\fB\-tls1\fR]
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[\fB\-no_ssl2\fR]
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[\fB\-no_ssl3\fR]
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[\fB\-no_tls1\fR]
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[\fB\-bugs\fR]
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[\fB\-cipher cipherlist\fR]
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.SH "DESCRIPTION"
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The \fBs_client\fR command implements a generic SSL/TLS client which connects
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to a remote host using SSL/TLS. It is a \fIvery\fR useful diagnostic tool for
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SSL servers.
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.SH "OPTIONS"
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.Ip "\fB\-connect host:port\fR" 4
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This specifies the host and optional port to connect to. If not specified
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then an attempt is made to connect to the local host on port 4433.
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.Ip "\fB\-cert certname\fR" 4
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The certificate to use, if one is requested by the server. The default is
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not to use a certificate.
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.Ip "\fB\-key keyfile\fR" 4
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The private key to use. If not specified then the certificate file will
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be used.
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.Ip "\fB\-verify depth\fR" 4
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The verify depth to use. This specifies the maximum length of the
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server certificate chain and turns on server certificate verification.
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Currently the verify operation continues after errors so all the problems
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with a certificate chain can be seen. As a side effect the connection
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will never fail due to a server certificate verify failure.
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.Ip "\fB\-CApath directory\fR" 4
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The directory to use for server certificate verification. This directory
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must be in \*(L"hash format\*(R", see \fBverify\fR for more information. These are
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also used when building the client certificate chain.
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.Ip "\fB\-CAfile file\fR" 4
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A file containing trusted certificates to use during server authentication
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and to use when attempting to build the client certificate chain.
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.Ip "\fB\-reconnect\fR" 4
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reconnects to the same server 5 times using the same session \s-1ID\s0, this can
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be used as a test that session caching is working.
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.Ip "\fB\-pause\fR" 4
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pauses 1 second between each read and write call.
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.Ip "\fB\-showcerts\fR" 4
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display the whole server certificate chain: normally only the server
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certificate itself is displayed.
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.Ip "\fB\-prexit\fR" 4
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print session information when the program exits. This will always attempt
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to print out information even if the connection fails. Normally information
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will only be printed out once if the connection succeeds. This option is useful
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because the cipher in use may be renegotiated or the connection may fail
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because a client certificate is required or is requested only after an
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attempt is made to access a certain \s-1URL\s0. Note: the output produced by this
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option is not always accurate because a connection might never have been
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established.
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.Ip "\fB\-state\fR" 4
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prints out the \s-1SSL\s0 session states.
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.Ip "\fB\-debug\fR" 4
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print extensive debugging information including a hex dump of all traffic.
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.Ip "\fB\-nbio_test\fR" 4
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tests non-blocking I/O
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.Ip "\fB\-nbio\fR" 4
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turns on non-blocking I/O
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.Ip "\fB\-crlf\fR" 4
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this option translated a line feed from the terminal into \s-1CR+LF\s0 as required
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by some servers.
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.Ip "\fB\-ign_eof\fR" 4
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inhibit shutting down the connection when end of file is reached in the
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input.
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.Ip "\fB\-quiet\fR" 4
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inhibit printing of session and certificate information. This implicitely
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turns on \fB\-ign_eof\fR as well.
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.Ip "\fB\-ssl2\fR, \fB\-ssl3\fR, \fB\-tls1\fR, \fB\-no_ssl2\fR, \fB\-no_ssl3\fR, \fB\-no_tls1\fR" 4
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these options disable the use of certain \s-1SSL\s0 or \s-1TLS\s0 protocols. By default
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the initial handshake uses a method which should be compatible with all
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servers and permit them to use \s-1SSL\s0 v3, \s-1SSL\s0 v2 or \s-1TLS\s0 as appropriate.
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.Sp
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Unfortunately there are a lot of ancient and broken servers in use which
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cannot handle this technique and will fail to connect. Some servers only
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work if \s-1TLS\s0 is turned off with the \fB\-no_tls\fR option others will only
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support \s-1SSL\s0 v2 and may need the \fB\-ssl2\fR option.
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.Ip "\fB\-bugs\fR" 4
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there are several known bug in \s-1SSL\s0 and \s-1TLS\s0 implementations. Adding this
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option enables various workarounds.
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.Ip "\fB\-cipher cipherlist\fR" 4
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this allows the cipher list sent by the client to be modified. Although
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the server determines which cipher suite is used it should take the first
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supported cipher in the list sent by the client. See the \fBciphers\fR
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command for more information.
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.SH "CONNECTED COMMANDS"
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If a connection is established with an SSL server then any data received
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from the server is displayed and any key presses will be sent to the
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server. When used interactively (which means neither \fB\-quiet\fR nor \fB\-ign_eof\fR
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have been given), the session will be renegociated if the line begins with an
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\fBR\fR, and if the line begins with a \fBQ\fR or if end of file is reached, the
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connection will be closed down.
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.SH "NOTES"
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\fBs_client\fR can be used to debug SSL servers. To connect to an SSL HTTP
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server the command:
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.PP
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.Vb 1
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\& openssl s_client -connect servername:443
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.Ve
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would typically be used (https uses port 443). If the connection succeeds
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then an HTTP command can be given such as \*(L"GET /\*(R" to retrieve a web page.
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.PP
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If the handshake fails then there are several possible causes, if it is
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nothing obvious like no client certificate then the \fB\-bugs\fR, \fB\-ssl2\fR,
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\fB\-ssl3\fR, \fB\-tls1\fR, \fB\-no_ssl2\fR, \fB\-no_ssl3\fR, \fB\-no_tls1\fR can be tried
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in case it is a buggy server. In particular you should play with these
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options \fBbefore\fR submitting a bug report to an OpenSSL mailing list.
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.PP
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A frequent problem when attempting to get client certificates working
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is that a web client complains it has no certificates or gives an empty
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list to choose from. This is normally because the server is not sending
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the clients certificate authority in its \*(L"acceptable CA list\*(R" when it
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requests a certificate. By using \fBs_client\fR the CA list can be viewed
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and checked. However some servers only request client authentication
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after a specific URL is requested. To obtain the list in this case it
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is necessary to use the \fB\-prexit\fR command and send an HTTP request
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for an appropriate page.
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.PP
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If a certificate is specified on the command line using the \fB\-cert\fR
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option it will not be used unless the server specifically requests
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a client certificate. Therefor merely including a client certificate
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on the command line is no guarantee that the certificate works.
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.PP
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If there are problems verifying a server certificate then the
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\fB\-showcerts\fR option can be used to show the whole chain.
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.SH "BUGS"
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Because this program has a lot of options and also because some of
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the techniques used are rather old, the C source of s_client is rather
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hard to read and not a model of how things should be done. A typical
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SSL client program would be much simpler.
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.PP
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The \fB\-verify\fR option should really exit if the server verification
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fails.
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.PP
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The \fB\-prexit\fR option is a bit of a hack. We should really report
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information whenever a session is renegotiated.
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
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the \fIsess_id(1)|sess_id(1)\fR manpage, the \fIs_server(1)|s_server(1)\fR manpage, the \fIciphers(1)|ciphers(1)\fR manpage
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.rn }` ''
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.IX Title "S_CLIENT 1"
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.IX Name "s_client - SSL/TLS client program"
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.IX Header "NAME"
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.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
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.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
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.IX Header "OPTIONS"
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.IX Item "\fB\-connect host:port\fR"
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.IX Item "\fB\-cert certname\fR"
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.IX Item "\fB\-key keyfile\fR"
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.IX Item "\fB\-verify depth\fR"
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.IX Item "\fB\-CApath directory\fR"
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.IX Item "\fB\-CAfile file\fR"
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.IX Item "\fB\-reconnect\fR"
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.IX Item "\fB\-pause\fR"
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.IX Item "\fB\-showcerts\fR"
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.IX Item "\fB\-prexit\fR"
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.IX Item "\fB\-state\fR"
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.IX Item "\fB\-debug\fR"
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.IX Item "\fB\-nbio_test\fR"
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.IX Item "\fB\-nbio\fR"
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.IX Item "\fB\-crlf\fR"
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.IX Item "\fB\-ign_eof\fR"
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.IX Item "\fB\-quiet\fR"
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.IX Item "\fB\-ssl2\fR, \fB\-ssl3\fR, \fB\-tls1\fR, \fB\-no_ssl2\fR, \fB\-no_ssl3\fR, \fB\-no_tls1\fR"
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.IX Item "\fB\-bugs\fR"
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.IX Item "\fB\-cipher cipherlist\fR"
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.IX Header "CONNECTED COMMANDS"
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.IX Header "NOTES"
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.IX Header "BUGS"
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.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
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