143 lines
4.7 KiB
Groff
143 lines
4.7 KiB
Groff
.\" $NetBSD: bridge.4,v 1.14 2020/09/27 15:42:48 roy Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright 2001 Wasabi Systems, Inc.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Written by Jason R. Thorpe for Wasabi Systems, Inc.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by
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.\" Wasabi Systems, Inc.
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.\" 4. The name of Wasabi Systems, Inc. may not be used to endorse
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.\" or promote products derived from this software without specific prior
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.\" written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY WASABI SYSTEMS, INC. ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
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.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
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.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WASABI SYSTEMS, INC
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.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
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.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
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.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
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.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
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.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
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.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
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.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.Dd September 27, 2020
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.Dt BRIDGE 4
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm bridge
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.Nd network bridge device
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Cd "pseudo-device bridge"
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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driver creates a logical link between two or more IEEE 802 networks
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that use the same (or
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.Dq similar enough )
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framing format.
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For example, it is possible to bridge Ethernet and 802.11 networks together,
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but it is not possible to bridge Ethernet and Token Ring together.
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.Pp
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To use
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.Nm bridge ,
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the administrator must first create the interface and configure
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the bridge parameters.
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The bridge is created using the
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.Xr ifconfig 8
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.Cm create
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subcommand.
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The learning and forwarding behavior and other parameters of a
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bridge are configured by the
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.Xr brconfig 8
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utility.
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.Pp
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A bridge can be used to provide several services, such as a simple
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802.11-to-Ethernet bridge for wireless hosts, and traffic isolation.
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.Pp
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A bridge works like a switch, forwarding traffic from one interface
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to another.
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Multicast and broadcast packets are always forwarded to all
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interfaces that are part of the bridge.
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For unicast traffic, the bridge learns which MAC addresses are associated
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with which interfaces and will forward the traffic selectively.
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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driver implements the IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree protocol (STP).
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Spanning Tree is used to detect and remove loops in a network topology.
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.Pp
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When filtering is enabled, bridged packets will pass through the filter
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inbound on the originating interface and outbound on the appropriate
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interfaces.
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ARP and REVARP packets are forwarded without being filtered and others
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that are not IP nor IPv6 packets are not forwarded when filtering is
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enabled.
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.Pp
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Note that packets to and from the bridging host will be seen by the
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filter on the interface with the appropriate address configured as well
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as on the interface on which the packet arrives or departs.
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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driver will enable passing of VLAN tagged packets automatically if the underlying
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interfaces support it.
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This is to facilitate XEN network configurations with
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.Xr xennet 4 .
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.Pp
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It is not possible to assign an IP address directly to the
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.Nm
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interface.
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Instead, assign an IP address to a
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.Xr vether 4
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interface which can be added to the bridge.
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr l2tp 4 ,
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.Xr options 4 ,
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.Xr xennet 4 ,
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.Xr vether 4 ,
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.Xr brconfig 8 ,
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.Xr ipf 8
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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driver first appeared in
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.Nx 1.6 .
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.Sh AUTHORS
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.An -nosplit
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The
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.Nm bridge
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driver was originally written by
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.An Jason L. Wright
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.Aq jason@thought.net
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as part of an undergraduate independent study at the University of
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North Carolina at Greensboro.
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.Pp
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This version of the
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.Nm
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driver has been heavily modified from the original version by
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.An Jason R. Thorpe
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.Aq thorpej@wasabisystems.com .
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.Sh BUGS
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The
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.Nm
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driver currently supports only Ethernet and Ethernet-like (e.g. 802.11)
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network devices, with exactly the same interface MTU size as the bridge device.
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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driver currently does not support snooping via
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.Xr bpf 4 .
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