541 lines
14 KiB
Groff
541 lines
14 KiB
Groff
.\" $NetBSD: indent.1,v 1.23 2014/09/04 04:06:07 mrg Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1985 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
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.\" Copyright (c) 1976 Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
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.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
|
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" from: @(#)indent.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 7/1/93
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.\"
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.Dd September 2, 2014
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.Dt INDENT 1
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm indent
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.Nd indent and format C program source
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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|
.Op Ar input-file Op Ar output-file
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.Op Fl bacc | Fl nbacc
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.Op Fl bad | Fl nbad
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.Op Fl bap | Fl nbap
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.Op Fl bbb | Fl nbbb
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.Op Fl \&bc | Fl nbc
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.Op Fl \&bl
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.Op Fl \&br
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.Op Fl c Ns Ar n
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.Op Fl \&cd Ns Ar n
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|
.Op Fl cdb | Fl ncdb
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.Op Fl \&ce | Fl nce
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.Op Fl \&ci Ns Ar n
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.Op Fl cli Ns Ar n
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|
.Op Fl d Ns Ar n
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|
.Op Fl \&di Ns Ar n
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|
.Op Fl fc1 | Fl nfc1
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.Op Fl i Ns Ar n
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.Op Fl \&ip | Fl nip
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.Op Fl l Ns Ar n
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.Op Fl \&lc Ns Ar n
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.Op Fl \&lp | Fl nlp
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.Op Fl npro
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.Op Fl pcs | Fl npcs
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.Op Fl psl | Fl npsl
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.Op Fl \&sc | Fl nsc
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.Op Fl sob | Fl nsob
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.Op Fl \&st
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.Op Fl troff
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.Op Fl ut | Fl nut
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.Op Fl v | Fl \&nv
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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.Nm
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is a
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.Tn C
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program formatter.
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It reformats the
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.Tn C
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program in the
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.Ar input-file
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according to the switches.
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The switches which can be specified are described below.
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They may appear before or after the file names.
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.Pp
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.Sy NOTE :
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If you only specify an
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.Ar input-file ,
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the formatting is
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done `in-place', that is, the formatted file is written back into
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.Ar input-file
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and a backup copy of
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.Ar input-file
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is written in the current directory.
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If
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.Ar input-file
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is named
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.Sq Pa /blah/blah/file ,
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the backup file is named
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.Pa file.BAK .
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.Pp
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|
If
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.Ar output-file
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is specified,
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.Nm
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checks to make sure it is different from
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.Ar input-file .
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.Pp
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If no
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.Ar input-file
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is specified
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input is read from stdin and the formatted file is written to stdout.
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.Pp
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The options listed below control the formatting style imposed by
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.Nm .
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.Bl -tag -width Op
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.It Fl bacc , nbacc
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If
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.Fl bacc
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is specified, a blank line is forced around every conditional
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compilation block.
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For example, in front of every #ifdef and after every #endif.
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Other blank lines surrounding such blocks will be swallowed.
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|
Default:
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.Fl nbacc .
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.It Fl bad , nbad
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If
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.Fl bad
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is specified, a blank line is forced after every block of
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declarations.
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Default:
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.Fl nbad .
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.It Fl bap , nbap
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If
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.Fl bap
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is specified, a blank line is forced after every procedure body.
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Default:
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.Fl nbap .
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.It Fl bbb , nbbb
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|
If
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.Fl bbb
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is specified, a blank line is forced before every block comment.
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|
Default:
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.Fl nbbb .
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|
.It Fl \&bc , nbc
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|
If
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.Fl \&bc
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is specified, then a newline is forced after each comma in a declaration.
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.Fl nbc
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turns off this option.
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|
Default:
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.Fl \&bc .
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.It Fl \&br , \&bl
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Specifying
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.Fl \&bl
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lines up compound statements like this:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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if (...)
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{
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code
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}
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.Ed
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.Pp
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|
Specifying
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.Fl \&br
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(the default) makes them look like this:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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if (...) {
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code
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}
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.Ed
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.It Fl bs , Fl nbs
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If
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.Fl bs
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is specified, a blank is forced after
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.Ic sizeof .
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|
Default:
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.Fl nbs .
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.It Fl c Ns Ar n
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The column in which comments on code start.
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|
Default:
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.Fl c33 .
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.It Fl cd Ns Ar n
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|
The column in which comments on declarations start.
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|
The default
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|
is for these comments to start in the same column as those on code.
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|
.It Fl cdb , ncdb
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|
Enables (disables) the placement of comment delimiters on blank lines.
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|
With this option enabled, comments look like this:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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|
/*
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* this is a comment
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*/
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.Ed
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|
.Pp
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|
Rather than like this:
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|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
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|
/* this is a comment */
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.Ed
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.Pp
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|
This only affects block comments, not comments to the right of
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|
code.
|
|
Default:
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|
.Fl cdb .
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|
.It Fl ce , nce
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|
Enables (disables) forcing `else's to cuddle up to the immediately preceding
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`}'.
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|
Default:
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|
.Fl \&ce .
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|
.It Fl \&ci Ns Ar n
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|
Sets the continuation indent to be
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.Ar n .
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|
Continuation
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lines will be indented that far from the beginning of the first line of the
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statement.
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|
Parenthesized expressions have extra indentation added to
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indicate the nesting, unless
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.Fl \&lp
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is in effect.
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|
.Fl \&ci
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|
defaults to the same value as
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.Fl i .
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.It Fl cli Ns Ar n
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|
Causes case labels to be indented
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.Ar n
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|
tab stops to the right of the containing
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.Ic switch
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|
statement.
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|
.Fl cli0.5
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|
causes case labels to be indented half a tab stop.
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|
Default:
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|
.Fl cli0 .
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|
.It Fl d Ns Ar n
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|
Controls the placement of comments which are not to the right of code.
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|
For example,
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|
.Fl \&d\&1
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|
means that such comments are placed one indentation level to the left of code.
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|
Specifying the default
|
|
.Fl \&d\&0
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|
lines up these comments with the code.
|
|
See the section on comment
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|
indentation below.
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|
.It Fl \&di Ns Ar n
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|
Specifies the indentation, in character positions, from a declaration keyword
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|
to the following identifier.
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|
Default:
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|
.Fl di16 .
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|
.It Fl dj , ndj
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|
.Fl \&dj
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|
left justifies declarations.
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|
.Fl ndj
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|
indents declarations the same as code.
|
|
Default:
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|
.Fl ndj .
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|
.It Fl \&ei , nei
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|
Enables (disables) special
|
|
.Ic else-if
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|
processing.
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|
If it's enabled, an
|
|
.Ic if
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|
following an
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|
.Ic else
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|
will have the same indentation as the preceding
|
|
.Ic \&if
|
|
statement.
|
|
Default:
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|
.Fl ei .
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|
.It Fl eei , neei
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|
Enables (disables) extra indentation on continuation lines of
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|
the expression part of
|
|
.Ic if
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|
and
|
|
.Ic while
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|
statements.
|
|
These continuation lines will be indented one extra level.
|
|
Default:
|
|
.Fl neei .
|
|
.It Fl fc1 , nfc1
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|
Enables (disables) the formatting of comments that start in column 1.
|
|
Often, comments whose leading `/' is in column 1 have been carefully
|
|
hand formatted by the programmer.
|
|
In such cases,
|
|
.Fl nfc1
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|
should be used.
|
|
Default:
|
|
.Fl fc1 .
|
|
.It Fl i Ns Ar n
|
|
The number of spaces for one indentation level.
|
|
Default:
|
|
.Fl i8 .
|
|
.It Fl \&ip , nip
|
|
Enables (disables) the indentation of parameter declarations from the left
|
|
margin.
|
|
Default:
|
|
.Fl \&ip .
|
|
.It Fl l Ns Ar n
|
|
Maximum length of an output line.
|
|
Default:
|
|
.Fl l78 .
|
|
.It Fl \&lp , nlp
|
|
Lines up code surrounded by parenthesis in continuation lines.
|
|
If a line has a left parenthesis which is not closed on that line, then
|
|
continuation lines will be lined up to start at the character
|
|
position just after the left parenthesis.
|
|
For example, here is how a piece of continued code looks with
|
|
.Fl nlp
|
|
in effect:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
p1 = first_procedure(second_procedure(p2, p3),
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|
\ \ third_procedure(p4,p5));
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|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
With
|
|
.Fl lp
|
|
in effect (the default) the code looks somewhat clearer:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
p1\ =\ first_procedure(second_procedure(p2,\ p3),
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|
\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ third_procedure(p4,p5));
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|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Inserting two more newlines we get:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
p1\ =\ first_procedure(second_procedure(p2,
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\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ p3),
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|
\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ third_procedure(p4
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|
\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ p5));
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|
.Ed
|
|
.It Fl npro
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|
Causes the profile files,
|
|
.Sq Pa ./.indent.pro
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|
and
|
|
.Sq Pa ~/.indent.pro ,
|
|
to be ignored.
|
|
.It Fl pcs , npcs
|
|
If true
|
|
.Pq Fl pcs
|
|
all procedure calls will have a space inserted between
|
|
the name and the `('.
|
|
Default:
|
|
.Fl npcs .
|
|
.It Fl psl , npsl
|
|
If true
|
|
.Pq Fl psl
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|
the names of procedures being defined are placed in
|
|
column 1 \- their types, if any, will be left on the previous lines.
|
|
Default:
|
|
.Fl psl .
|
|
.It Fl \&sc , nsc
|
|
Enables (disables) the placement of asterisks (`*'s) at the left edge of all
|
|
comments.
|
|
Default:
|
|
.Fl sc .
|
|
.It Fl sob , nsob
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl sob
|
|
is specified, indent will swallow optional blank lines.
|
|
You can use this to get rid of blank lines after declarations.
|
|
Default:
|
|
.Fl nsob .
|
|
.It Fl \&st
|
|
Causes
|
|
.Nm
|
|
to take its input from stdin, and put its output to stdout.
|
|
.It Fl T Ns Ar typename
|
|
Adds
|
|
.Ar typename
|
|
to the list of type keywords.
|
|
Names accumulate:
|
|
.Fl T
|
|
can be specified more than once.
|
|
You need to specify all the typenames that
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|
appear in your program that are defined by
|
|
.Ic typedef
|
|
\- nothing will be
|
|
harmed if you miss a few, but the program won't be formatted as nicely as
|
|
it should.
|
|
This sounds like a painful thing to have to do, but it's really
|
|
a symptom of a problem in C:
|
|
.Ic typedef
|
|
causes a syntactic change in the
|
|
language and
|
|
.Nm
|
|
can't find all
|
|
instances of
|
|
.Ic typedef .
|
|
.It Fl troff
|
|
Causes
|
|
.Nm
|
|
to format the program for processing by
|
|
.Xr troff 1 .
|
|
It will produce a fancy
|
|
listing in much the same spirit as
|
|
.Xr vgrind 1 .
|
|
If the output file is not specified, the default is standard output,
|
|
rather than formatting in place.
|
|
.It Fl ut , nut
|
|
Enables (disables) the use of tab characters in the output.
|
|
Tabs are assumed to be aligned on columns divisible by 8.
|
|
The default is
|
|
.Fl ut .
|
|
.It Fl v , \&nv
|
|
.Fl v
|
|
turns on `verbose' mode;
|
|
.Fl \&nv
|
|
turns it off.
|
|
When in verbose mode,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
reports when it splits one line of input into two or more lines of output,
|
|
and gives some size statistics at completion.
|
|
Default:
|
|
.Fl \&nv .
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
You may set up your own `profile' of defaults to
|
|
.Nm
|
|
by creating a file called
|
|
.Pa .indent.pro
|
|
in your login directory and/or the current directory and including
|
|
whatever switches you like.
|
|
A `.indent.pro' in the current directory takes
|
|
precedence over the one in your login directory.
|
|
If
|
|
.Nm
|
|
is run and a profile file exists, then it is read to set up the program's
|
|
defaults.
|
|
Switches on the command line, though, always override profile switches.
|
|
The switches should be separated by spaces, tabs or newlines.
|
|
.Ss Comments
|
|
.Sq Em Box
|
|
.Em comments .
|
|
.Nm
|
|
assumes that any comment with a dash or star immediately after the start of
|
|
comment (that is, `/*\-' or `/**') is a comment surrounded by a box of stars.
|
|
Each line of such a comment is left unchanged, except that its indentation
|
|
may be adjusted to account for the change in indentation of the first line
|
|
of the comment.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Em Straight text .
|
|
All other comments are treated as straight text.
|
|
.Nm
|
|
fits as many words (separated by blanks, tabs, or newlines) on a
|
|
line as possible.
|
|
Blank lines break paragraphs.
|
|
.Ss Comment indentation
|
|
If a comment is on a line with code it is started in the `comment column',
|
|
which is set by the
|
|
.Fl c Ns Ns Ar n
|
|
command line parameter.
|
|
Otherwise, the comment is started at
|
|
.Ar n
|
|
indentation levels less than where code is currently being placed, where
|
|
.Ar n
|
|
is specified by the
|
|
.Fl d Ns Ns Ar n
|
|
command line parameter.
|
|
If the code on a line extends past the comment
|
|
column, the comment starts further to the right, and the right margin may be
|
|
automatically extended in extreme cases.
|
|
.Ss Preprocessor lines
|
|
In general,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
leaves preprocessor lines alone.
|
|
The only reformatting that it will do is to straighten up trailing comments.
|
|
It leaves embedded comments alone.
|
|
Conditional compilation
|
|
.Pq Ic #ifdef...#endif
|
|
is recognized and
|
|
.Nm
|
|
attempts to correctly
|
|
compensate for the syntactic peculiarities introduced.
|
|
.Ss C syntax
|
|
.Nm
|
|
understands a substantial amount about the syntax of C, but it
|
|
has a `forgiving' parser.
|
|
It attempts to cope with the usual sorts of incomplete and misformed syntax.
|
|
In particular, the use of macros like:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl #define forever for(;;)
|
|
.Pp
|
|
is handled properly.
|
|
.Sh ENVIRONMENT
|
|
.Nm
|
|
uses the
|
|
.Ev HOME
|
|
environment variable.
|
|
.Sh FILES
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "./.indent.pro" -compact
|
|
.It Pa ./.indent.pro
|
|
profile file
|
|
.It Pa ~/.indent.pro
|
|
profile file
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh HISTORY
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
command appeared in
|
|
.Bx 4.2 .
|
|
.Sh BUGS
|
|
.Nm
|
|
has even more switches than
|
|
.Xr ls 1 .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
A common mistake that often causes grief is typing:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl indent *.c
|
|
.Pp
|
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to the shell in an attempt to indent all the
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.Tn C
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programs in a directory.
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This is probably a bug, not a feature.
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