425 lines
18 KiB
Plaintext
425 lines
18 KiB
Plaintext
The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD
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---------------------------------------------
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First Edition (V1)
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Second Edition (V2)
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Third Edition (V3)
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Fourth Edition (V4)
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Fifth Edition (V5)
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Sixth Edition (V6) -----*
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\ |
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\ |
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\ |
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Seventh Edition (V7) |
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\ |
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\ 1BSD
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32V |
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\ 2BSD---------------*
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\ / |
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\ / |
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\/ |
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3BSD |
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4.0BSD 2.7.9BSD
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4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD
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4.1aBSD -----------\ |
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| \ |
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4.1bBSD \ |
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| \ |
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*------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD
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/ | |
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Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo
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+----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD
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+----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD
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| | / |
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Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD
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| 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ |
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| | \ |
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v | 2.11BSD
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Tenth Edition | |
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| 2.11BSD rev #430
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4.3BSD NET/1 |
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| v
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4.3BSD Reno
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*---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------*
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386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA
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386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13]
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| \ | 4.4BSD Alpha |
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| 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34]
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| | 4.4BSD |
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| | / | |
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| | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | |
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| NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0
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FreeBSD 1.0 NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1
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| | .----- 4.4BSD Lite |
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FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ |
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| | / / | \ |
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FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' / | \ |
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| / | / | \ |
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FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | / | \ |
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| / NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ |
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| / | | \ |
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FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0
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| \ | |
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FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1
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| .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 |
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| | \ | | | | |
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| | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | |
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| | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | |
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| | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | |
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| | | | BSD/OS 3.0 |
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FreeBSD 2.1 | | | |
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| | | | NetBSD 1.1 ------. BSD/OS 2.1
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| FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ |
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| | | | NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0
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| FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 |
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| | | | | \ | |
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| FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | |
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| | | | | \ | |
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| FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | |
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| | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | |
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| FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | |
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*-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | |
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| \ | | | | |
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| FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | |
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| FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 |
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| FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | |
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| | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 |
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| | | | NetBSD 1.3 | |
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| FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | |
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| | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1
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| | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 |
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| | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | |
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| FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | |
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| | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0
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| v | | | | | |
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| FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | |
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| | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 |
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FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | |
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| | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | |
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*---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | |
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| | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1
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| FreeBSD 3.2----* | NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 |
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| FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | |
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| | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 |
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| FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | |
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| | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1
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FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | |
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| FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 |
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| FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | |
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*---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | |
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| | | | (?) | | | |
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| FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | |
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| FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | |
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| | Mac OS X | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2
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| | 10.0 NetBSD 1.5 | |
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| FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | |
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| | | | | OpenBSD 2.9 |
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| | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | |
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| FreeBSD 4.4-. | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | |
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| | | Mac OS X | | | |
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| | | 10.1 | | OpenBSD 3.0 |
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| FreeBSD 4.5 | | | | | |
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| | \ | | | | BSD/OS 4.3
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| FreeBSD 4.6 \ | | | OpenBSD 3.1 |
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| | \ | | NetBSD 1.5.3 | v
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| | Mac OS X | | |
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| FreeBSD 4.6.2 10.2 | v |
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| | | NetBSD 1.6 |
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| FreeBSD 4.7 | | |
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| v | | |
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FreeBSD 5.0-current | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current
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v v v v
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Time
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----------------
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Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it
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was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape.
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[44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels,
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and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of
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the 4.4BSD Operating System.
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[APL] Apple website [http://www.apple.com/macosx/]
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[BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc.
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[DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape.
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[FBD] FreeBSD Project, The.
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[KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources,
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Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987.
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[KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement.
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comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988.
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[KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz.
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Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software
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Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983.
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[NBD] NetBSD Project, The.
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[OBD] OpenBSD Project, The.
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[QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX.
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[SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11.
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[USE] Usenet announcement.
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[WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc.
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[dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail
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Multics 1965
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UNIX Summer 1969
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DEC PDP-7
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First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU]
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DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler
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Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU]
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10 UNIX installations
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Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU]
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Pipes, 16 installations
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Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU]
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rewriting in C effected,
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above 30 installations
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Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU]
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above 50 installations
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Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU]
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port to DEC Vax
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Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU]
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first portable UNIX
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Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU]
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VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr]
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descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr]
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descended from 4.1 BSD [44B]
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scooping-out and replacement of the character-device
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and networking part by the streams mechanism
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Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU]
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Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU]
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1BSD late 1977
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1978-03-09 [QCU]
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PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1)
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30 free copies of 1BSD sent out
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35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU]
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2BSD mid 1978 [QCU]
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75 2BSD tapes shipped
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2.7.9BSD ?? [SMS]
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2.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ]
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2.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU]
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set of performance improvements
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2.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ]
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2.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx
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2.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS]
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2.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK]
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2.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS]
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2.11BSD 1992-02-xx [SMS]
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2.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS]
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32V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU]
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3BSD late 1979 [QCU]
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virtual memory, page replacement,
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demand paging
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4.0BSD 1980-10-xx
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4.1BSD 1981-07-08 [DOC]
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4.1aBSD 1982-04-xx
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alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B]
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4.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B]
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4.1cBSD late 1982
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beta release, IPC [44B]
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4.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU]
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1983-08-03 [DOC]
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4.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU]
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1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC]
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4.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC]
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4.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU]
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1989-01-01 [DOC]
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4.3BSD Reno 1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC]
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4.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC]
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BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI]
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first code released to people outside BSDI
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386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC]
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BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers
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BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version
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386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC]
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4.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07
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BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI]
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first external gamma; G customers
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BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI]
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would have been 1.0 except for request
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for preliminary injunction
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BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI]
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injunction denied; first official release
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NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD]
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4.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE]
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NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD]
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FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD]
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BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI]
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4.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE]
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FreeBSD 1.1 1994-04-xx [FBD]
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FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-xx [FBD]
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supersedes 1.1.5 3 days after release.
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NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD]
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386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE]
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FreeBSD 2.0 1995-01-xx [FBD]
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BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based
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FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD]
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BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI]
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4.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B]
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the true final distribution from the CSRG
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FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD]
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NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD]
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BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI]
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FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD]
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NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD]
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OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD]
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FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD]
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FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release)
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Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx
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FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD]
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BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based
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FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD]
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FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD]
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FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD]
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NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release)
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OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD]
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FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD]
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OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD]
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NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD]
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FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD]
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NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release)
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BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI]
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OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD]
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NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release)
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FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD]
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BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI]
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2-lock MP support, ELF executables
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FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD]
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FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current,
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while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which
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was branched quite some time after 3.0-release
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FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD]
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OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD]
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NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release)
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FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD]
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BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI]
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NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD]
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FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD]
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OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD]
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NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release)
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FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD]
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OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD]
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FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD]
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BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI]
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FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD]
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NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release)
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OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD]
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FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD]
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FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD]
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FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD]
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FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release)
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FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD]
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NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release)
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BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI]
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OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD]
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NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD]
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Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL]
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FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD]
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OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD]
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NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release)
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NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release)
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FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD]
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Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-29 [APL]
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OpenBSD 3.0 2001-12-01 [OBD]
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FreeBSD 4.5 2002-01-29 [FBD]
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BSD/OS 4.3 2002-03-14 [WRS]
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OpenBSD 3.1 2002-05-19 [OBD]
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FreeBSD 4.6 2002-06-15 [FBD]
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NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release)
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FreeBSD 4.6.2 2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release)
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Mac OS X 10.2 2002-08-23 [APL]
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NetBSD 1.6 2002-09-14 [NBD]
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FreeBSD 4.7 2002-10-08 [FBD]
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Bibliography
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------------------------
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Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John
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Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating
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System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1
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Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing
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Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5
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McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John
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Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating
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System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4
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Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader.
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Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix.
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Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the
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Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993.
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Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994.
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URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm (unreachable)
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Andreas Klemm, Lars K)B<>ller. If you're going to San Francisco ...
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Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff.
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BSD Release Announcements collection.
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URL: http://www.de.FreeBSD.org/de/ftp/releases/
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BSD Hypertext Man Pages
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URL: http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi
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UNIX history graphing project
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URL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html
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UNIX history
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URL: http://www.levenez.com/unix/
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James Howard: The BSD Family Tree
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URL: http://www.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html
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("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?")
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Acknowledgments
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---------------
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Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old
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original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes.
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Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages.
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--
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Copyright (c) 1997-2001 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.ORG>
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URL: ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/branches/-current/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree
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$FreeBSD: src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree,v 1.67 2002/10/10 16:42:54 jhb Exp $
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