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NetBSD/bin/ps/ps.c

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/* $NetBSD: ps.c,v 1.62 2007/02/09 22:08:48 ad Exp $ */
/*
* Copyright (c) 2000 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
* by Simon Burge.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
* must display the following acknowledgement:
* This product includes software developed by the NetBSD
* Foundation, Inc. and its contributors.
* 4. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
* ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
* TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
* BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
* CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
* SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
* INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
* CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
* ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
* POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
/*
* Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994
* The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#include <sys/cdefs.h>
#ifndef lint
__COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994\n\
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n");
#endif /* not lint */
#ifndef lint
#if 0
static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ps.c 8.4 (Berkeley) 4/2/94";
#else
__RCSID("$NetBSD: ps.c,v 1.62 2007/02/09 22:08:48 ad Exp $");
#endif
#endif /* not lint */
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/user.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>
#include <sys/lwp.h>
#include <sys/proc.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <kvm.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <nlist.h>
#include <paths.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include "ps.h"
/*
* ARGOPTS must contain all option characters that take arguments
* (except for 't'!) - it is used in kludge_oldps_options()
*/
#define GETOPTSTR "acCeghjk:LlM:mN:O:o:p:rSsTt:U:uvW:wx"
#define ARGOPTS "kMNOopUW"
struct kinfo_proc2 *kinfo;
struct varlist displaylist = SIMPLEQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(displaylist);
struct varlist sortlist = SIMPLEQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(sortlist);
int eval; /* exit value */
int rawcpu; /* -C */
int sumrusage; /* -S */
int termwidth; /* width of screen (0 == infinity) */
int totwidth; /* calculated width of requested variables */
int needcomm, needenv, commandonly;
uid_t myuid;
static struct kinfo_lwp
*pick_representative_lwp(struct kinfo_proc2 *,
struct kinfo_lwp *, int);
static struct kinfo_proc2
*getkinfo_kvm(kvm_t *, int, int, int *);
static char *kludge_oldps_options(char *);
static int pscomp(const void *, const void *);
static void scanvars(void);
static void usage(void);
static int parsenum(const char *, const char *);
int main(int, char *[]);
char dfmt[] = "pid tt state time command";
char jfmt[] = "user pid ppid pgid sess jobc state tt time command";
char lfmt[] = "uid pid ppid cpu pri nice vsz rss wchan state tt time command";
char sfmt[] = "uid pid ppid cpu lid nlwp pri nice vsz rss wchan lstate tt "
"time command";
char ufmt[] = "user pid %cpu %mem vsz rss tt state start time command";
char vfmt[] = "pid state time sl re pagein vsz rss lim tsiz %cpu %mem command";
struct varent *Opos = NULL; /* -O flag inserts after this point */
kvm_t *kd;
int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
struct varent *vent;
struct winsize ws;
struct kinfo_lwp *kl, *l;
int ch, flag, i, j, fmt, lineno, nentries, nlwps;
int prtheader, wflag, what, xflg, mode, showlwps;
char *nlistf, *memf, *swapf, errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
char *ttname;
if ((ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1 &&
ioctl(STDERR_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1 &&
ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1) ||
ws.ws_col == 0)
termwidth = 79;
else
termwidth = ws.ws_col - 1;
if (argc > 1)
argv[1] = kludge_oldps_options(argv[1]);
fmt = prtheader = wflag = xflg = showlwps = 0;
what = KERN_PROC_UID;
flag = myuid = getuid();
memf = nlistf = swapf = NULL;
mode = PRINTMODE;
while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, GETOPTSTR)) != -1)
switch((char)ch) {
case 'a':
what = KERN_PROC_ALL;
flag = 0;
break;
case 'c':
commandonly = 1;
break;
case 'e': /* XXX set ufmt */
needenv = 1;
break;
case 'C':
rawcpu = 1;
break;
case 'g':
break; /* no-op */
case 'h':
prtheader = ws.ws_row > 5 ? ws.ws_row : 22;
break;
case 'j':
parsefmt(jfmt);
fmt = 1;
jfmt[0] = '\0';
break;
case 'k':
parsesort(optarg);
break;
case 'K':
break; /* no-op - was dontuseprocfs */
case 'L':
showkey();
exit(0);
/* NOTREACHED */
case 'l':
parsefmt(lfmt);
fmt = 1;
lfmt[0] = '\0';
break;
case 'M':
memf = optarg;
break;
case 'm':
parsesort("vsz");
break;
case 'N':
nlistf = optarg;
break;
case 'O':
/*
* If this is not the first -O option, insert
* just after the previous one.
*
* If there is no format yet, start with the default
* format, and insert after the pid column.
*
* If there is already a format, insert after
* the pid column, or at the end if there's no
* pid column.
*/
if (!Opos) {
if (!fmt)
parsefmt(dfmt);
Opos = varlist_find(&displaylist, "pid");
}
parsefmt_insert(optarg, &Opos);
fmt = 1;
break;
case 'o':
parsefmt(optarg);
fmt = 1;
break;
case 'p':
what = KERN_PROC_PID;
flag = parsenum(optarg, "process id");
xflg = 1;
break;
case 'r':
parsesort("%cpu");
break;
case 'S':
sumrusage = 1;
break;
case 's':
/* -L was already taken... */
showlwps = 1;
parsefmt(sfmt);
fmt = 1;
sfmt[0] = '\0';
break;
case 'T':
if ((ttname = ttyname(STDIN_FILENO)) == NULL)
errx(1, "stdin: not a terminal");
goto tty;
case 't':
ttname = optarg;
tty: {
struct stat sb;
const char *ttypath;
char pathbuf[MAXPATHLEN];
flag = 0;
ttypath = NULL;
if (strcmp(ttname, "?") == 0)
flag = KERN_PROC_TTY_NODEV;
else if (strcmp(ttname, "-") == 0)
flag = KERN_PROC_TTY_REVOKE;
else if (strcmp(ttname, "co") == 0)
ttypath = _PATH_CONSOLE;
else if (strncmp(ttname, "pts/", 4) == 0 ||
strncmp(ttname, "tty", 3) == 0) {
(void)snprintf(pathbuf,
sizeof(pathbuf), "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, ttname);
ttypath = pathbuf;
} else if (*ttname != '/') {
(void)snprintf(pathbuf,
sizeof(pathbuf), "%s%s", _PATH_TTY, ttname);
ttypath = pathbuf;
} else
ttypath = ttname;
what = KERN_PROC_TTY;
if (flag == 0) {
if (stat(ttypath, &sb) == -1)
err(1, "%s", ttypath);
if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode))
errx(1, "%s: not a terminal", ttypath);
flag = sb.st_rdev;
}
break;
}
case 'U':
if (*optarg != '\0') {
struct passwd *pw;
what = KERN_PROC_UID;
pw = getpwnam(optarg);
if (pw == NULL) {
flag = parsenum(optarg, "user name");
} else
flag = pw->pw_uid;
}
break;
case 'u':
parsefmt(ufmt);
parsesort("%cpu");
fmt = 1;
ufmt[0] = '\0';
break;
case 'v':
parsefmt(vfmt);
parsesort("vsz");
fmt = 1;
vfmt[0] = '\0';
break;
case 'W':
swapf = optarg;
break;
case 'w':
if (wflag)
termwidth = UNLIMITED;
else if (termwidth < 131)
termwidth = 131;
wflag++;
break;
case 'x':
xflg = 1;
break;
case '?':
default:
usage();
}
argc -= optind;
argv += optind;
#define BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
#ifdef BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
if (*argv) {
nlistf = *argv;
if (*++argv) {
memf = *argv;
if (*++argv)
swapf = *argv;
}
}
#endif
if (memf == NULL) {
kd = kvm_openfiles(NULL, NULL, NULL, KVM_NO_FILES, errbuf);
donlist_sysctl();
} else
kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, swapf, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
if (kd == 0)
errx(1, "%s", errbuf);
if (!fmt)
parsefmt(dfmt);
/* Add default sort criteria */
parsesort("tdev,pid");
SIMPLEQ_FOREACH(vent, &sortlist, next) {
if (vent->var->flag & LWP || vent->var->type == UNSPECIFIED)
warnx("Cannot sort on %s, sort key ignored\n",
vent->var->name);
}
/*
* scan requested variables, noting what structures are needed.
*/
scanvars();
/*
* select procs
*/
if (!(kinfo = getkinfo_kvm(kd, what, flag, &nentries)))
err(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd));
if (nentries == 0) {
printheader();
exit(1);
}
/*
* sort proc list
*/
qsort(kinfo, nentries, sizeof(struct kinfo_proc2), pscomp);
/*
* For each proc, call each variable output function in
* "setwidth" mode to determine the widest element of
* the column.
*/
if (mode == PRINTMODE)
for (i = 0; i < nentries; i++) {
struct kinfo_proc2 *ki = &kinfo[i];
if (xflg == 0 && (ki->p_tdev == NODEV ||
(ki->p_flag & KP_CONTROLT) == 0))
continue;
kl = kvm_getlwps(kd, ki->p_pid, ki->p_paddr,
sizeof(struct kinfo_lwp), &nlwps);
if (kl == 0)
nlwps = 0;
if (showlwps == 0) {
l = pick_representative_lwp(ki, kl, nlwps);
SIMPLEQ_FOREACH(vent, &displaylist, next)
OUTPUT(vent, ki, l, WIDTHMODE);
} else {
/* The printing is done with the loops
* reversed, but here we don't need that,
* and this improves the code locality a bit.
*/
SIMPLEQ_FOREACH(vent, &displaylist, next)
for (j = 0; j < nlwps; j++)
OUTPUT(vent, ki, &kl[j],
WIDTHMODE);
}
}
/*
* Print header - AFTER determining process field widths.
* printheader() also adds up the total width of all
* fields the first time it's called.
*/
printheader();
/*
* For each proc, call each variable output function in
* print mode.
*/
for (i = lineno = 0; i < nentries; i++) {
struct kinfo_proc2 *ki = &kinfo[i];
if (xflg == 0 && (ki->p_tdev == NODEV ||
(ki->p_flag & KP_CONTROLT ) == 0))
continue;
kl = kvm_getlwps(kd, ki->p_pid, (u_long)ki->p_paddr,
sizeof(struct kinfo_lwp), &nlwps);
if (kl == 0)
nlwps = 0;
if (showlwps == 0) {
l = pick_representative_lwp(ki, kl, nlwps);
SIMPLEQ_FOREACH(vent, &displaylist, next) {
OUTPUT(vent, ki, l, mode);
if (SIMPLEQ_NEXT(vent, next) != NULL)
(void)putchar(' ');
}
(void)putchar('\n');
if (prtheader && lineno++ == prtheader - 4) {
(void)putchar('\n');
printheader();
lineno = 0;
}
} else {
for (j = 0; j < nlwps; j++) {
SIMPLEQ_FOREACH(vent, &displaylist, next) {
OUTPUT(vent, ki, &kl[j], mode);
if (SIMPLEQ_NEXT(vent, next) != NULL)
(void)putchar(' ');
}
(void)putchar('\n');
if (prtheader && lineno++ == prtheader - 4) {
(void)putchar('\n');
printheader();
lineno = 0;
}
}
}
}
exit(eval);
/* NOTREACHED */
}
static struct kinfo_lwp *
pick_representative_lwp(struct kinfo_proc2 *ki, struct kinfo_lwp *kl, int nlwps)
{
int i, onproc, running, sleeping, stopped, suspended;
static struct kinfo_lwp zero_lwp;
if (kl == 0)
return &zero_lwp;
/* Trivial case: only one LWP */
if (nlwps == 1)
return kl;
switch (ki->p_realstat) {
case SSTOP:
case SACTIVE:
/* Pick the most live LWP */
onproc = running = sleeping = stopped = suspended = -1;
for (i = 0; i < nlwps; i++) {
switch (kl[i].l_stat) {
case LSONPROC:
onproc = i;
break;
case LSRUN:
running = i;
break;
case LSSLEEP:
sleeping = i;
break;
case LSSTOP:
stopped = i;
break;
case LSSUSPENDED:
suspended = i;
break;
}
}
if (onproc != -1)
return &kl[onproc];
if (running != -1)
return &kl[running];
if (sleeping != -1)
return &kl[sleeping];
if (stopped != -1)
return &kl[stopped];
if (suspended != -1)
return &kl[suspended];
break;
case SZOMB:
/* First will do */
return kl;
break;
}
/* Error condition! */
warnx("Inconsistent LWP state for process %d\n", ki->p_pid);
return kl;
}
static struct kinfo_proc2 *
getkinfo_kvm(kvm_t *kdp, int what, int flag, int *nentriesp)
{
return (kvm_getproc2(kdp, what, flag, sizeof(struct kinfo_proc2),
nentriesp));
}
static void
scanvars(void)
{
struct varent *vent;
VAR *v;
SIMPLEQ_FOREACH(vent, &displaylist, next) {
v = vent->var;
if (v->flag & COMM) {
needcomm = 1;
break;
}
}
}
static int
pscomp(const void *a, const void *b)
{
const struct kinfo_proc2 *ka = (const struct kinfo_proc2 *)a;
const struct kinfo_proc2 *kb = (const struct kinfo_proc2 *)b;
int i;
int64_t i64;
VAR *v;
struct varent *ve;
const sigset_t *sa, *sb;
#define V_SIZE(k) (k->p_vm_dsize + k->p_vm_ssize + k->p_vm_tsize)
#define RDIFF_N(t, n) \
if (((const t *)((const char *)ka + v->off))[n] > ((const t *)((const char *)kb + v->off))[n]) \
return 1; \
if (((const t *)((const char *)ka + v->off))[n] < ((const t *)((const char *)kb + v->off))[n]) \
return -1;
#define RDIFF(type) RDIFF_N(type, 0); continue
SIMPLEQ_FOREACH(ve, &sortlist, next) {
v = ve->var;
if (v->flag & LWP)
/* LWP structure not available (yet) */
continue;
/* Sort on pvar() fields, + a few others */
switch (v->type) {
case CHAR:
RDIFF(char);
case UCHAR:
RDIFF(u_char);
case SHORT:
RDIFF(short);
case USHORT:
RDIFF(ushort);
case INT:
RDIFF(int);
case UINT:
RDIFF(uint);
case LONG:
RDIFF(long);
case ULONG:
RDIFF(ulong);
case INT32:
RDIFF(int32_t);
case UINT32:
RDIFF(uint32_t);
case SIGLIST:
sa = (const void *)((const char *)a + v->off);
sb = (const void *)((const char *)b + v->off);
i = 0;
do {
if (sa->__bits[i] > sb->__bits[i])
return 1;
if (sa->__bits[i] < sb->__bits[i])
return -1;
i++;
} while (i < sizeof sa->__bits / sizeof sa->__bits[0]);
continue;
case INT64:
RDIFF(int64_t);
case KPTR:
case KPTR24:
case UINT64:
RDIFF(uint64_t);
case TIMEVAL:
/* compare xxx_sec then xxx_usec */
RDIFF_N(uint32_t, 0);
RDIFF_N(uint32_t, 1);
continue;
case CPUTIME:
i64 = ka->p_rtime_sec * 1000000 + ka->p_rtime_usec;
i64 -= kb->p_rtime_sec * 1000000 + kb->p_rtime_usec;
if (sumrusage) {
i64 += ka->p_uctime_sec * 1000000
+ ka->p_uctime_usec;
i64 -= kb->p_uctime_sec * 1000000
+ kb->p_uctime_usec;
}
if (i64 != 0)
return i64 > 0 ? 1 : -1;
continue;
case PCPU:
i = getpcpu(kb) - getpcpu(ka);
if (i != 0)
return i;
continue;
case VSIZE:
i = V_SIZE(kb) - V_SIZE(ka);
if (i != 0)
return i;
continue;
default:
/* Ignore everything else */
break;
}
}
return 0;
#undef VSIZE
}
/*
* ICK (all for getopt), would rather hide the ugliness
* here than taint the main code.
*
* ps foo -> ps -foo
* ps 34 -> ps -p34
*
* The old convention that 't' with no trailing tty arg means the user's
* tty, is only supported if argv[1] doesn't begin with a '-'. This same
* feature is available with the option 'T', which takes no argument.
*/
static char *
kludge_oldps_options(char *s)
{
size_t len;
char *newopts, *ns, *cp;
len = strlen(s);
if ((newopts = ns = malloc(len + 3)) == NULL)
err(1, NULL);
/*
* options begin with '-'
*/
if (*s != '-')
*ns++ = '-'; /* add option flag */
/*
* gaze to end of argv[1]
*/
cp = s + len - 1;
/*
* if the last letter is a 't' flag and there are no other option
* characters that take arguments (eg U, p, o) in the option
* string and the option string doesn't start with a '-' then
* convert to 'T' (meaning *this* terminal, i.e. ttyname(0)).
*/
if (*cp == 't' && *s != '-' && strpbrk(s, ARGOPTS) == NULL)
*cp = 'T';
else {
/*
* otherwise check for trailing number, which *may* be a
* pid.
*/
while (cp >= s && isdigit((unsigned char)*cp))
--cp;
}
cp++;
memmove(ns, s, (size_t)(cp - s)); /* copy up to trailing number */
ns += cp - s;
/*
* if there's a trailing number, and not a preceding 'p' (pid) or
* 't' (tty) flag, then assume it's a pid and insert a 'p' flag.
*/
if (isdigit((unsigned char)*cp) &&
(cp == s || (cp[-1] != 'U' && cp[-1] != 't' && cp[-1] != 'p' &&
cp[-1] != '/' && (cp - 1 == s || cp[-2] != 't'))))
*ns++ = 'p';
/* and append the number */
(void)strcpy(ns, cp); /* XXX strcpy is safe here */
return (newopts);
}
static int
parsenum(const char *str, const char *msg)
{
char *ep;
unsigned long ul;
ul = strtoul(str, &ep, 0);
if (*str == '\0' || *ep != '\0')
errx(1, "Invalid %s: `%s'", msg, str);
if (ul > INT_MAX)
errx(1, "Out of range %s: `%s'", msg, str);
return (int)ul;
}
static void
usage(void)
{
(void)fprintf(stderr,
"usage:\t%s\n\t %s\n\t%s\n",
"ps [-acCehjlmrsSTuvwx] [-k key] [-O|o fmt] [-p pid] [-t tty]",
"[-M core] [-N system] [-W swap] [-U username]",
"ps [-L]");
exit(1);
/* NOTREACHED */
}
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