66a1de5f19
possible to find a paper titled as such with sections starting with "Interpreting system activity". There is a "Monitoring System Performance" section present from the 4.1BSD Installing and Operating paper up to and including the 4.4BSD paper. The advice in this section has not aged very well. From "Installing and Operating 4.3BSD-tahoe UNIX on the VAX": "Cumulatively on one of our large machines we average about 60-100 context switches and interrupts per second and about 70-120 system calls per second"
317 lines
8.6 KiB
Groff
317 lines
8.6 KiB
Groff
.\" $NetBSD: vmstat.1,v 1.24 2018/12/25 03:38:59 sevan Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 2000, 2007 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
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.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
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.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
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.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
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.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
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.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
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.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
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.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
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.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
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.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
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.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1986, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)vmstat.8 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
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.\"
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.Dd December 25, 2018
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.Dt VMSTAT 1
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm vmstat
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.Nd report virtual memory statistics
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Op Fl CefHiLlmstUvW
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.Op Fl c Ar count
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.Op Fl h Ar hashname
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.Op Fl M Ar core
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.Op Fl N Ar system
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.Op Fl u Ar histname
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.Op Fl w Ar wait
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.Op Ar disks
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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.Nm
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reports certain kernel statistics kept about process, virtual memory,
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disk, trap, and CPU activity.
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If
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.Nm
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is invoked without any options, it displays the summary of statistics since
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boot and exits.
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This is also referred to as the first line of
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.Nm .
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.Pp
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The options are as follows:
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.Bl -tag -width xxxhistname
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.It Fl C
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Report on kernel memory caches.
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Combine with the
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.Fl m
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option to see information about memory pools that back the caches.
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.It Fl c Ar count
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Repeat the display
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.Ar count
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times.
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The first display is for the time since a reboot and each subsequent report
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is for the time period since the last display.
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If no
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.Ar wait
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interval is specified, the default is 1 second.
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.It Fl e
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Report the values of system event counters.
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.It Fl f
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Report fork statistics.
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.It Fl H
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Report all hash table statistics.
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.It Fl h Ar hashname
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Report hash table statistics for
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.Ar hashname .
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.It Fl i
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Report the values of system interrupt counters.
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.It Fl L
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List all the hashes supported for
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.Fl h
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and
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.Fl H .
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.It Fl l
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List the UVM histories being maintained by the kernel.
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.It Fl M Ar core
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Extract values associated with the name list from the specified core
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instead of the default
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.Pa /dev/mem .
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.It Fl m
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Report on the usage of kernel dynamic memory listed first by size of
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allocation and then by type of usage,
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followed by a list of the kernel memory pools and their usage.
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.It Fl N Ar system
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Extract the name list from the specified system instead of the default
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.Pa /netbsd .
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.It Fl s
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Display the contents of the
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.Dv uvmexp
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structure.
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This contains various paging event and memory status counters.
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.It Fl t
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Display the contents of the
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.Dv vmtotal
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structure.
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This includes information about processes and virtual memory.
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.Pp
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The process part shows the number of processes in the following states:
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width abc -compact
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.It ru
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on the run queue
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.It dw
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in disk I/O wait
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.It pw
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waiting for paging
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.It sl
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sleeping
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.El
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.Pp
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The virtual memory section shows:
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width abcdefgh -compact
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.It total-v
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Total virtual memory
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.It active-v
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Active virtual memory in use
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.It active-r
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Active real memory in use
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.It vm-sh
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Shared virtual memory
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.It avm-sh
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Active shared virtual memory
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.It rm-sh
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Shared real memory
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.It arm-sh
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Active shared real memory
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.It free
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Free memory
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.El
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.Pp
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All memory values are shown in number of pages.
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.It Fl U
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Dump all UVM histories.
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.It Fl u Ar histname
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Dump the specified UVM history.
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.It Fl v
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Print more verbose information.
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When used with the
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.Fl i ,
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.Fl e ,
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or
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.Fl m
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options prints out all counters, not just those with non-zero values.
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.It Fl W
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Print more verbose information about kernel memory pools.
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.It Fl w Ar wait
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Pause
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.Ar wait
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seconds between each display.
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If no repeat
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.Ar count
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is specified, the default is infinity.
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The
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.Nm
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command will accept and honor a negative number of
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.Ar wait
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seconds.
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.El
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.Pp
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By default,
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.Nm
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displays the following information:
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.Bl -tag -width memory
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.It procs
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Information about the numbers of processes in various states.
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width abcd -compact
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.It r
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in run queue
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.It b
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blocked for resources (i/o, paging, etc.)
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.El
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.It memory
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Information about the usage of virtual and real memory.
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Virtual pages (reported in units of 1024 bytes) are considered active if
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they belong to processes which are running or have run in the last 20
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seconds.
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width abcd -compact
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.It avm
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active virtual pages
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.It fre
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size of the free list
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.El
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.It page
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Information about page faults and paging activity.
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These are averaged every five seconds, and given in units per second.
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width abcd -compact
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.It flt
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total page faults
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.It re
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page reclaims (simulating reference bits)
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.It pi
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pages paged in
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.It po
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pages paged out
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.It fr
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pages freed per second
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.It sr
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pages scanned by clock algorithm, per-second
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.El
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.It disks
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Disk transfers per second.
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Typically paging will be split across the available drives.
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The header of the field is the first character of the disk name and
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the unit number.
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If more than four disk drives are configured in the system,
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.Nm
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displays only the first four drives.
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To force
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.Nm
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to display specific drives, their names may be supplied on the command line.
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.It faults
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Trap/interrupt rate averages per second over last 5 seconds.
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width abcd -compact
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.It in
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device interrupts per interval (including clock interrupts)
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.It sy
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system calls per interval
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.It cs
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CPU context switch rate (switches/interval)
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.El
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.It cpu
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Breakdown of percentage usage of CPU time.
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width abcd -compact
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.It us
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user time for normal and low priority processes
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.It sy
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system time
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.It id
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CPU idle
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.El
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.El
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.Sh FILES
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.Bl -tag -width eeenymeeny -compact
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.It Pa /netbsd
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default kernel namelist
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.It Pa /dev/mem
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default memory file
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.El
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.Sh EXAMPLES
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The command
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.Dq Li vmstat -w 5
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will print what the system is doing every five
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seconds; this is a good choice of printing interval since this is how often
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some of the statistics are sampled in the system.
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Others vary every second and running the output for a while will make it
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apparent which are recomputed every second.
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr fstat 1 ,
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.Xr netstat 1 ,
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.Xr nfsstat 1 ,
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.Xr ps 1 ,
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.Xr systat 1 ,
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.Xr iostat 8 ,
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.Xr pstat 8 ,
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.Xr kernhist 9
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.Sh BUGS
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The
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.Fl c
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and
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.Fl w
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options are only available with the default output.
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.Pp
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The
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.Fl l ,
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.Fl U ,
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and
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.Fl u
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options are useful only if the system was compiled with support for UVM
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history.
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