681 lines
19 KiB
Plaintext
681 lines
19 KiB
Plaintext
.\" $NetBSD: prep,v 1.16 2002/07/11 04:52:50 scottr Exp $
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.
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There are two installation tools available.
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The traditional miniroot
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installer is script-based and may be netbooted or may be dumped to a disk
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and run locally.
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The ramdisk kernel with the
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.Ic sysinst
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installation utility is more flexible,
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but can only be netbooted and has not been extensively tested.
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.Pp
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There are several possible installation configurations described in this
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document.
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Other configurations are possible, but less common.
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If you are unable to install based on the information in this document,
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post a message to
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.Mt port-hp300@netbsd.org
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asking for help.
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The configurations described in this document are as follows:
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.Pp
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.(bullet -compact
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\*M netboots
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.Li SYS_UBOOT
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and then runs the miniroot installation tools or a purely diskless
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installation from a
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.Nx
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server on the same subnet (you must have root access).
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Other server platforms will work, but are described in the NetBSD Diskless
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HOW-TO.
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.Lk http://www.netbsd.org/Documentation/network/netboot/
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.Pp
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.It
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\*M loads
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.Li SYS_UBOOT
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from a local disk, tape, or floppy
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and then runs the miniroot installation tools or a purely diskless
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installation from a
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.Nx
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server on the same subnet (you must have root access).
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Other server platforms will work, but are described in the NetBSD Diskless
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HOW-TO.
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.Lk http://www.netbsd.org/Documentation/network/netboot/
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You will need
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.Tn HP-UX
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on your \*M if it does not have a SCSI interface or a floppy drive.
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.Pp
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.It
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\*M loads
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.Li SYS_INST
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from a local disk.
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You partition the drive
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and then run the miniroot installation tools from that drive.
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You will need
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.Tn HP-UX
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on your \*M if it does not have a SCSI interface.
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.bullet)
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The preferred method is to use another
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.Nx
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server to netboot the \*M client.
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This procedure will not
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work on the handful of models which are incapable of netbooting.
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In particular, the 320, 350, 330, 318, and
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319 might not have a recent enough BootROM.
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The BootROM revision is printed when your workstation is first powered on
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(or rebooted).
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Revision B or later will definitely work.
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BootROMs with numeric revisions such as 1.1 (on a 400s) will netboot
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without any problems.
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You can netboot from any built-in or add-on ethernet board on
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a model with a supported BootROM.
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.Pp
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If you have access to a
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.Nx*M
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system, it is
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.Em much
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easier to simply upgrade than to install from scratch.
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Skip down to the section on
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.Sx Upgrading a previously-installed NetBSD System
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.
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.Ss2 Formatting your hard drives
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.
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.Nx*M
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does not have the capability to perform a low-level format of hard
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drives.
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SCSI disks can be formatted on any platform with SCSI support and
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then used on
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.Nx*M .
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HP-IB disks can only be formatted by the
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.Tn HP-UX
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.Xr mediainit 1
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command.
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You may need to first create the device nodes for your disk, as
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.Tn HP-UX
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was never very good about populating
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.Pa /dev/rdsk
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propertly.
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.(disp
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.No # Ic "mknod /dev/dsk/IDs0 b 0 0xSCID00"
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.No # Ic "mknod /dev/rdsk/IDs0 c 4 0xSCID00"
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.No # Ic "mediainit -v /dev/rdsk/IDs0"
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.disp)
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.(item
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.Em ID
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is the HP-IB address (a.k.a. slave) of the disk in hexadecimal.
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This is usually between
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.Li 00
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and
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.Li 07 ,
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but possibly up to
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.Li 1F
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(31 decimal) .
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.item)
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.(item
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.Em SC
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is the Select Code of the disk controller.
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This is usually
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.Li 07
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for slow (i.e. built-in) HP-IB or
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.Li 0E
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(14 decimal) for SCSI or fast HP-IB.
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.item)
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.
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.Ss2 Designing your disk's partition table
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.
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This step can sometimes be a real pain, especially when using
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.Pa SYS_INST .
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It's best to calculate it ahead of time.
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.Pp
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If you are installing to an HP-IB disk,
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you will need information about your disk's geometry, based on 512-byte sectors.
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The file
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.Pa installation/misc/HP-IB.geometry
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in the distribution has geometry information for
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several HP-IB disks, but may be incomplete.
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Geometry may be calculated from an HP-UX
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.Pa /etc/disktab
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entry, but note that HP-UX geometry is based
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on 1024 byte sectors, while
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.Nx 's
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is based on 512 byte sectors.
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You should have all partitions start on cylinder boundaries.
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.Pp
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If you are installing to a SCSI disk, you don't need to worry about the
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details of the geometry.
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Just create a disklabel based on the total
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number of sectors available on the disk.
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.Pp
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.Em A quick note about partitions:
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Since the target disk will become the boot
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disk for your new
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.Nx*M
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installation, you will need to treat the
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.Sq Li a
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and
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.Sq Li c
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partitions in a special manner.
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Due to the size of the
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.Nx*M
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boot program (it spills into the area after the disklabel),
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it is necessary to offset the beginning of the
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.Sq Li a
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partition.
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For HP-IB disks, it is best to offset it by one cylinder from
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the beginning of the disk.
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For SCSI disks, just offset it by 100 KB (200 sectors).
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Later, the
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.Sq Li c
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partition will be marked with the type
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.Sq Li boot
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and may not be used for a file system.
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(For those unfamiliar
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with historic
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.Bx
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partition conventions, the
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.Sq Li c
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partition is defined as the
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.Sq entire disk ,
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or the
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.Sq raw partition . )
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.Pp
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Here is a table of recommended partition sizes for a full install:
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.Bl -column -offset indent Partition Suggested Needed
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.It Partition Ta Suggested Ta Needed
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.It /\ (root) Ta "25 MB" Ta "15 MB"
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.It /usr Ta "150 MB" Ta "100 MB"
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.It /var Ta "20 MB" Ta "5 MB"
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.It swap Ta Em "2-3 *RAM" Ta 6 MB
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.El
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.Pp
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.(Note
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You will need at least a 6 MB swap partition if you are unable to netboot
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the installer, as the miniroot is temporarily placed in this partition.
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.Note)
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.Pp
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Here is an example disklabel from a 7959B HP-IB hard drive:
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.(disp
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# /dev/rrd0a:
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type: HP-IB
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disk: rd7959B
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label:
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flags:
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bytes/sector: 512
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sectors/track: 42
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tracks/cylinder: 9
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sectors/cylinder: 378
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cylinders: 1572
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total sectors: 594216
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rpm: 3600
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interleave: 1
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trackskew: 0
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cylinderskew: 0
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headswitch: 0 # milliseconds
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track-to-track seek: 0 # milliseconds
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drivedata: 0
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8 partitions:
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# size offset fstype [fsize bsize cpg]
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a: 37800 378 4.2BSD 1024 8192 16 #
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b: 66150 38178 swap 1024 8192 16 #
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c: 594216 0 boot # (Cyl. 0 - 1571)
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d: 489888 104328 4.2BSD 1024 8192 16 #
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.disp)
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.
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.Ss2 Installing the bootstrap program locally
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.
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For earlier models incapable of netbooting, you need to install the
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bootstrap program on a bootable local device, such as a hard disk, floppy
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disk, or tape drive.
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If you will be booting the miniroot over the
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network, then you will be installing
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.Pa installation/misc/SYS_UBOOT .
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.Pp
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If you do not have access to a netboot server to serve the miniroot
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installer, you can use a primitive bootstrap program
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.Pa installation/misc/SYS_INST
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to load the miniroot from a locally attached device (such as a
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disk, tape or CD-R).
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This is not recommended, as
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.Pa SYS_INST
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is difficult to use, buggy, and provides no error checking when
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partitioning your disk.
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.Pp
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If your system has SCSI, this is easy.
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Just take a scratch SCSI disk (hard disk, zip disk, or CD-R)
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and use any computer to dump the bootstrap program to it.
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For example, to dump it to the
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.Li sd1
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disk on a non-i386 platform:
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.(disp
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.No # Ic "dd if=SYS_UBOOT of=/dev/sd1c"
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.disp)
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.Pp
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If your system has a floppy drive, you can write the bootstrap program to
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it using any computer with a floppy drive.
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You will need to dump it using a utility like
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.Ic rawrite
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or
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.Xr dd 1 .
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Make sure to read back from the floppy to verify that the file has been
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written correctly.
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.Pp
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If your system does not have SCSI or a floppy drive, you will need a
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bootable operating system on your \*M so you can write files to the HP-IB
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device.
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You should probably write the bootstrap program to the disk you
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will be installing
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.Nx
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onto.
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.Pp
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Using
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.Tn HP-UX
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to write to an HP-IB disk:
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.(disp
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.No # Ic "dd if=SYS_UBOOT of=/dev/rdsk/IDs0"
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.disp)
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.(item
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.Em ID
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is the HP-IB address (a.k.a. slave) of the disk in hexadecimal.
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This is usually between
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.Li 00
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and
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.Li 07 ,
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but possibly up to
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.Li 1F
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(31 decimal) .
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.item)
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.Pp
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Using
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.Tn HP-UX
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to write to an HP-IB tape:
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.(disp
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.No # Ic "dd if=SYS_UBOOT of=/dev/rmt/0mnb obs=20b conv=sync"
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.disp)
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.
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.Ss2 Installing the miniroot file system locally
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.
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This step is only necessary if you are not loading the miniroot
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installer from a netboot server.
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Follow the same procedure for the bootstrap program, except use the
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uncompressed miniroot file system
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.No ( Pa installation/miniroot/miniroot.fs.gz No )
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instead of the bootstrap program.
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The only quirk is that you should place it at the offset of the swap
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partition you calculated above in the disklabel.
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In the example disklabel above, the offset is 38178 sectors of 512 bytes.
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Therfore, the
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.Xr dd 1
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command would be something like:
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.(disp
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.No # Ic "gunzip miniroot.fs.gz"
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.No # Ic "dd if=miniroot.fs of=/dev/rdsk/IDs0 seek=38178b"
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.disp)
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Note the
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.Sq Li b
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after the offset, which specifies blocks of 512 bytes.
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.Pp
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By dumping the miniroot to disk where the swap partition will be, you're
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saving a step later where
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.Pa SYS_INST
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tries to download the miniroot over NFS.
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Just make sure that when you enter the partition table into
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.Pa SYS_INST
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you use the same block offset for the swap partition as you dumped the
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miniroot.
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.
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.Ss2 Configuring the netboot server
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.
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This step will configure your netboot server to provide
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.Pa SYS_UBOOT
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and the miniroot installer to your \*M.
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.Pp
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.so ../common/netboot
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.
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.Ss2 Put Series 400 systems in "HP-UX Compatible Boot Mode"
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.
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Series 400 systems can be configured to boot either
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.Tn HP-UX
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or
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.Tn DomainOS .
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To boot
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.Nx*M
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you must have your system configured in
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.Sq Li "HP-UX Compatible Boot Mode" .
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If, when you power on your machine, it does
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.Em not
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present a menu like the following, then you need to change your
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configuration.
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.(disp
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Copyright 1990,
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Hewlett-Packard Company.
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All Rights Reserved.
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BOOTROM Series 400 Rev. 1.1
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MD12 REV 1.2 1990/08/07.14:27:08
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[...]
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.disp)
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.(enum
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Attach a Domain keyboard or an HIL keyboard.
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.br
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The BootROM knows how to use either, even if
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.Nx
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doesn't yet.
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.It
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Put your system into
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.Sq "service mode" .
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.br
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For a 4XXs, there's a toggle switch on the back of the machine (near the top).
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For a 4XXt or 4XXdl, press the green button on the front, behind
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the silly door.
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For a 425e, there's a toggle switch on the back of the
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machine (in the middle).
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The second green LED should light up.
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.It
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Reset the machine.
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.br
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Press the reset button.
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For a 4XXs, ther's a small plunger on the back of
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the machine (near the top).
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For a 4XXt or 4XXdl, there's a white button
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on the front, behind the silly door.
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For a 425e, there's a button on the
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back of the machine.
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.It
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Press
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.Key RETURN
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to get the Domain boot prompt
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.No ( Li \*> No ) .
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.br
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You can type
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.Key H
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to get a list of available commands.
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.It
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Type the following sequence of commands to convert to
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.Sq Li "HP-UX Compatible Boot Mode" .
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.br
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.(disp
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.No "\*>" Ic "CF"
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.No "Type [key] RETURN ?" Ic 2
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.No "Type [key] RETURN ?" Ic 2
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.No "Type T or P RETURN ?" Ic P
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.No "Type [key] RETURN ?" Ic E
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.disp)
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.It
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Be sure to turn
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.Sq "service mode"
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.Em off
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when you're done.
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It may prevent you from selecting which device to boot from.
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.enum)
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See the FAQ for additional help.
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.Lk http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/hp300/faq.html#domain
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.
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.Ss2 Searching for a bootable system
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.
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All the early hp300 Boot ROMs are very primitive and only allow a few
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simple operations.
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You can only interact with it after it is first powered on.
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If you reboot the machine, it will ignore anything you type and
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start loading the same OS you previously booted.
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.Pp
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At any time after it recognizes the keyboard, while it is doing its self
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test or searching for a bootable system, you can hit reset to return it to
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a cold-boot configuration.
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On HIL keybaords, this is
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.Key control-shift-break ,
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where
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.Key break
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is the key in the upper left (where
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escape is on sane keyboards).
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There is no equivalent over serial terminal,
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you'll need to power-cycle your machine.
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.Pp
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After it beeps (i.e. recognizes the HIL keyboard), press
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.Key RETURN
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twice to get the list of bootable devices.
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.(disp
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SEARCHING FOR A SYSTEM (RETURN To Pause)
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.disp)
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.Pp
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The newer HP Boot ROM, present on Series 400 machines and some of the
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later 300s (345, 375, 380, 382, 385) is capable of a little bit more.
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To select which device to boot from, press
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.Key RETURN
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once after it beeps twice (i.e. recognizes the HIL keyboard) to get the
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list of bootable devices.
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.(disp
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RESET To Power-Up, SPACE clears input Select System, type RETURN ?
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.disp)
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.Pp
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The FAQ lists additional things you can do with the BootROM and describes
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the order the BootROM looks for bootable devices.
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.Lk http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/hp300/faq.html
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.Pp
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A normal power-on sequence (from a 400s) looks something like this:
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.(disp
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Copyright 1990,
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Hewlett-Packard Company.
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All Rights Reserved.
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BOOTROM Series 400 Rev. 1.1
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MD12 REV 1.2 1990/08/07.14:27:08
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MC68030 Processor
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MC68882 Coprocessor
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Configuration EEPROM
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Utility Chip at 41
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HP-HIL.Keyboard
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RESET To Power-Up
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Loading Memory
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Self-Test Mode
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RESET To Power-Up, SPACE clears input
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Select System, type RETURN
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HP-IB
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DMA-C0
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Self-Test Mode
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RAM 33554158 Bytes
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HP98644 (RS-232) at 9
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HP PARALLEL at 12
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HP98265 (SCSI S 32) at 14
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HP98643 (LAN) at 21, AUI, 080009115DB3
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Bit Mapped Video at 133 (Console)
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System Search Mode
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:RODIME RO3000T, 1406, 0
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1Z SYS_UBOOT
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:LAN080009115DB3, 2100, 0
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2Z SYS_UBOOT
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:HP7959, 702, 0, 0
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1H SYSHPUX
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1D SYSDEBUG
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1B SYSBCKUP
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:HP9122, 0700, 0, 0
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3Z SYS_INST
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.disp)
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.Pp
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You should see your bootstrap program somewhere in this list.
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If it's not here, then your \*M can't boot it and there's a problem somewhere.
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To boot from a particular device, type in the two character name for it
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and press
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.Key RETURN .
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In this example, you'd type
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.Key 2Z
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to boot from the network.
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.
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.Ss2 Selecting ethernet port on Series 400
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.
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Series 400 machines have two ethernet media types built into the
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motherboard.
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You may only use one at a time.
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When your Series 400 workstation goes through the self-test when
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powered on or rebooted, it will say one of the following:
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.(disp
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HP98643 (LAN) at 21, AUI
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HP98643 (LAN) at 21, Thin
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.disp)
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.Pp
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If the wrong type of network is selected, you will need to change the
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ethernet port.
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You will need to open the case (4XXt, 4XXdl, 4XXe) or
|
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remove the motherboard (4XXs) to access the jumper.
|
|
Be sure to use static-prevention measures, as you could easily fry
|
|
your motherboard from carelessness.
|
|
If you are uncomfortable with this, ask a friend who is
|
|
aware of these issues.
|
|
There is a block of 8 jumpers at the rear of the
|
|
motherboard, labeled AUI/Thin.
|
|
You will need to put the jumpers in the
|
|
position necessary for your type of ethernet.
|
|
.
|
|
.Ss2 Running SYS_INST
|
|
.
|
|
This step is necessary
|
|
.Em only
|
|
if you cannot netboot.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Chose
|
|
.Li SYS_INST
|
|
from the list of bootable devices that the BootROM found.
|
|
.Li SYS_INST
|
|
will load and prompt you for a command.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Em A quick note about disk numbers:
|
|
While in the
|
|
.Pa SYS_INST
|
|
program, you may use different unit numbers for the disks than when the
|
|
.Nx
|
|
kernel is running.
|
|
The unit number for a disk while in
|
|
.Pa SYS_INST
|
|
is calculated with the following formula:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.(disp
|
|
unit = (controller * 8) + slaveID
|
|
.disp)
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Controllers are numbered 0, 1, ... starting with the lowest select code.
|
|
SCSI controllers and HP-IB controllers are counted separately.
|
|
Therefore,
|
|
if you had a system with an internal HP-IB interface at select code 7,
|
|
a fast HP-IB interface at select code 14, and a SCSI interface at select
|
|
code 16, unit numbers might be something like the following:
|
|
.Bl -column -offset indent HP-IB\ at\ 14,\ slaveID\ 5 Unit (disk:\ rd13)
|
|
.It Sy Location Ta Sy Unit
|
|
.It HP-IB\ at\ 7,\ slaveID\ 2 Ta 2 Ta (disk:\ rd2)
|
|
.It HP-IB\ at\ 14,\ slaveID\ 5 Ta 13 Ta (disk:\ rd13)
|
|
.It SCSI\ at\ 16,\ slaveID\ 0 Ta 0 Ta (disk:\ sd0)
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
You will need to place a disklabel on the disk.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.(disp
|
|
.No "sys_inst\*>" Ic disklabel
|
|
.disp)
|
|
.(Note
|
|
It may be worth selecting the
|
|
.Sy zap
|
|
option initially to ensure that
|
|
the disklabel area is clear.
|
|
This may be especially important if an
|
|
HP-UX boot block had been previously installed on the disk.
|
|
.Note)
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Select the
|
|
.Sy edit
|
|
option, and answer the questions about your disk.
|
|
There may be several questions which you may not be sure of the answers to.
|
|
Listed below are guidelines for SCSI and HP-IB disks:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -column -offset indent -compact Track-to-track?xx xxxxx
|
|
.It Bad\ sectoring? Ta NO
|
|
.It Ecc? Ta NO
|
|
.It Interleave? Ta 1
|
|
.It Trackskew? Ta 0
|
|
.It Cylinderskew? Ta 0
|
|
.It Headswitch? Ta 0
|
|
.It Track-to-track? Ta 0
|
|
.It Drivedata\ 0-4? Ta 0\ (for\ all\ Drivedata\ values)
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Next, you will be asked to fill out the partition map.
|
|
You must provide responses for all 8 partitions.
|
|
Remember, you must have the sector offset for the
|
|
.Sq Li b
|
|
partition match the location you dumped the miniroot file system image.
|
|
Set the size and
|
|
offset of any unused partition to 0.
|
|
Note that sizes and offsets are expressed in
|
|
.Sq n sectors ,
|
|
assuming 512 byte sectors.
|
|
Care should be taken
|
|
to ensure that partitions begin and end on cylinder boundaries (i.e. size
|
|
and offset is an even multiple of the number of sectors per cylinder).
|
|
While this is not technically necessary, it is generally encouraged.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.(Note
|
|
When setting the partition type of the
|
|
.Sq Li b
|
|
partition, make sure to
|
|
specify it as an
|
|
.Li ffs
|
|
partition so that the miniroot can be mounted (even
|
|
if this will be a swap partition).
|
|
You will be given a chance to clean
|
|
this up later in the installation process.
|
|
.Note)
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Once you have edited the label, select the
|
|
.Sy show
|
|
option to verify that it is correct.
|
|
If so, select
|
|
.Sy write
|
|
and
|
|
.Sy done .
|
|
Otherwise, you may re-edit the label.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
In an earlier step, we already copied the miniroot image to the target
|
|
disk.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Boot from the miniroot file system.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.(disp
|
|
.No "sys_inst\*>" Ic boot
|
|
.disp)
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Enter the disk from which to boot.
|
|
The kernel in the miniroot file system will be booted into single-user mode.
|
|
.
|
|
.Ss2 Chosing a kernel location
|
|
.
|
|
Once the bootstrap program
|
|
.Li SYS_UBOOT
|
|
has started, it will pause and let you chose a kernel location, name, and
|
|
options:
|
|
.(disp
|
|
\*>\*> NetBSD/hp300 Primary Boot, Revision 1.13
|
|
\*>\*> (gregm@mcgarry, Mon Apr 15 08:46:32 NZST 2002)
|
|
\*>\*> HP 9000/425e SPU
|
|
\*>\*> Enter "reset" to reset system.
|
|
Boot: [[[le0a:]netbsd][-a][-c][-d][-s][-v][-q]] :-
|
|
.disp)
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If your kernel is on a different device than
|
|
.Li SYS_UBOOT
|
|
then you will need to type in where to find it.
|
|
This is the case, for
|
|
example, if your model is incapable of netbooting and you started
|
|
.Li SYS_UBOOT
|
|
from a floppy, and the miniroot installer is on a netboot server.
|
|
In this case, you'd type in
|
|
.Sq Li le0
|
|
at the prompt.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If you've installed the miniroot on your disk, you can always boot from
|
|
that by using partition
|
|
.Sq Li b
|
|
when prompted by
|
|
.Li SYS_UBOOT .
|
|
For example, to boot the miniroot from an HP-IB disk on controller 0 at
|
|
slave ID 2, you'd type:
|
|
.(disp
|
|
.No "Boot: [[[rd0a:]netbsd][-a][-c][-d][-s][-v][-q]] :- " Ic "rd2b:netbsd"
|
|
.disp)
|