609 lines
15 KiB
C
609 lines
15 KiB
C
/* $NetBSD: asm.h,v 1.5 1996/07/09 00:30:22 cgd Exp $ */
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/*
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* Copyright (c) 1991,1990,1989,1994,1995,1996 Carnegie Mellon University
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* All Rights Reserved.
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*
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* Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and its
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* documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
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* notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
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* software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
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* thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.
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*
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* CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS"
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* CONDITION. CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND FOR
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* ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
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*
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* Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to
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*
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* Software Distribution Coordinator or Software.Distribution@CS.CMU.EDU
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* School of Computer Science
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* Carnegie Mellon University
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* Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
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*
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* any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie Mellon
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* the rights to redistribute these changes.
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*/
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/*
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* Assembly coding style
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*
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* This file contains macros and register defines to
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* aid in writing more readable assembly code.
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* Some rules to make assembly code understandable by
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* a debugger are also noted.
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*
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* The document
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*
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* "ALPHA Calling Standard", DEC 27-Apr-90
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*
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* defines (a superset of) the rules and conventions
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* we use. While we make no promise of adhering to
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* such standard and its evolution (esp where we
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* can get faster code paths) it is certainly intended
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* that we be interoperable with such standard.
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*
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* In this sense, this file is a proper part of the
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* definition of the (software) Alpha architecture.
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*/
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/*
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* Symbolic register names and register saving rules
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*
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* Legend:
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* T Saved by caller (Temporaries)
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* S Saved by callee (call-Safe registers)
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*/
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#define v0 $0 /* (T) return value */
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#define t0 $1 /* (T) temporary registers */
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#define t1 $2
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#define t2 $3
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#define t3 $4
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#define t4 $5
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#define t5 $6
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#define t6 $7
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#define t7 $8
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#define s0 $9 /* (S) call-safe registers */
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#define s1 $10
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#define s2 $11
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#define s3 $12
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#define s4 $13
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#define s5 $14
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#define s6 $15
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#define a0 $16 /* (T) argument registers */
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#define a1 $17
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#define a2 $18
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#define a3 $19
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#define a4 $20
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#define a5 $21
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#define t8 $22 /* (T) temporary registers */
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#define t9 $23
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#define t10 $24
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#define t11 $25
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#define ra $26 /* (T) return address */
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#define t12 $27 /* (T) another temporary */
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#define at_reg $28 /* (T) assembler scratch */
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#define gp $29 /* (T) (local) data pointer */
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#define sp $30 /* (S) stack pointer */
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#define zero $31 /* wired zero */
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/* Floating point registers (XXXX VERIFY THIS) */
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#define fv0 $f0 /* (T) return value (real) */
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#define fv1 $f1 /* (T) return value (imaginary)*/
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#define ft0 fv1
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#define fs0 $f2 /* (S) call-safe registers */
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#define fs1 $f3
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#define fs2 $f4
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#define fs3 $f5
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#define fs4 $f6
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#define fs5 $f7
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#define fs6 $f8
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#define fs7 $f9
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#define ft1 $f10 /* (T) temporary registers */
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#define ft2 $f11
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#define ft3 $f12
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#define ft4 $f13
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#define ft5 $f14
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#define ft6 $f15
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#define fa0 $f16 /* (T) argument registers */
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#define fa1 $f17
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#define fa2 $f18
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#define fa3 $f19
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#define fa4 $f20
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#define fa5 $f21
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#define ft7 $f22 /* (T) more temporaries */
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#define ft8 $f23
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#define ft9 $f24
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#define ft10 $f25
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#define ft11 $f26
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#define ft12 $f27
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#define ft13 $f28
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#define ft14 $f29
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#define ft15 $f30
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#define fzero $f31 /* wired zero */
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/* Other DEC standard names */
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#define ai $25 /* (T) argument information */
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#define pv $27 /* (T) procedure value */
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/*
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*
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* Debuggers need symbol table information to be able to properly
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* decode a stack trace. The minimum that should be provided is:
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*
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* name:
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* .proc name,numargs
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*
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* where "name" is the function's name;
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* "numargs" how many arguments it expects. For varargs
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* procedures this should be a negative number,
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* indicating the minimum required number of
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* arguments (which is at least 1);
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*
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* NESTED functions (functions that call other functions) should define
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* how they handle their stack frame in a .frame directive:
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*
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* .frame framesize, pc_reg, i_mask, f_mask
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*
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* where "framesize" is the size of the frame for this function, in bytes.
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* That is:
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* new_sp + framesize == old_sp
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* Framesizes should be rounded to a cacheline size.
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* Note that old_sp plays the role of a conventional
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* "frame pointer";
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* "pc_reg" is either a register which preserves the caller's PC
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* or 'std', if std the saved PC should be stored at
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* old_sp-8
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* "i_mask" is a bitmask that indicates which of the integer
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* registers are saved. See the M_xx defines at the
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* end for the encoding of this 32bit value.
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* "f_mask" is the same, for floating point registers.
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*
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* Note that registers should be saved starting at "old_sp-8", where the
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* return address should be stored. Other registers follow at -16-24-32..
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* starting from register 0 (if saved) and up. Then float registers (ifany)
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* are saved.
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*
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* If you need to alias a leaf function, or to provide multiple entry points
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* use the LEAF() macro for the main entry point and XLEAF() for the other
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* additional/alternate entry points.
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* "XLEAF"s must be nested within a "LEAF" and a ".end".
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* Similar rules for nested routines, e.g. use NESTED/XNESTED
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* Symbols that should not be exported can be declared with the STATIC_xxx
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* macros.
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*
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* All functions must be terminated by the END macro
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*
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* It is conceivable, although currently at the limits of compiler
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* technology, that while performing inter-procedural optimizations
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* the compiler/linker be able to avoid unnecessary register spills
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* if told about the register usage of LEAF procedures (and by transitive
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* closure of NESTED procedures as well). Assembly code can help
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* this process using the .reguse directive:
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*
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* .reguse i_mask, f_mask
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*
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* where the register masks are built as above or-ing M_xx defines.
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*
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*
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* All symbols are internal unless EXPORTed. Symbols that are IMPORTed
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* must be appropriately described to the debugger.
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*
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*/
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/*
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* MCOUNT
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*/
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#ifndef PROF
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#define MCOUNT /* nothing */
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#else
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#define MCOUNT \
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lda sp, -16(sp); \
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stq pv, 0(sp); \
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\
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br pv, 1f; \
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1: ldgp gp, 0(pv); \
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lda pv, _mcount; \
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jsr at_reg, (pv); \
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br pv, 2f; \
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2: ldgp gp, 0(pv); \
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\
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ldq pv, 0(sp); \
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lda sp, 16(sp)
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#endif
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/*
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* LEAF
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* Declare a global leaf function.
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* A leaf function does not call other functions AND does not
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* use any register that is callee-saved AND does not modify
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* the stack pointer.
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*/
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#define LEAF(_name_,_n_args_) \
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.globl _name_; \
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.ent _name_ 0; \
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_name_:; \
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.frame sp,0,ra; \
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MCOUNT
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/* should have been
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.proc _name_,_n_args_; \
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.frame 0,ra,0,0
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*/
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#define LEAF_NOPROFILE(_name_,_n_args_) \
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.globl _name_; \
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.ent _name_ 0; \
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_name_:; \
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.frame sp,0,ra
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/* should have been
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.proc _name_,_n_args_; \
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.frame 0,ra,0,0
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*/
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/*
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* STATIC_LEAF
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* Declare a local leaf function.
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*/
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#define STATIC_LEAF(_name_,_n_args_) \
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.ent _name_ 0; \
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_name_:; \
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.frame sp,0,ra; \
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MCOUNT
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/* should have been
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.proc _name_,_n_args_; \
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.frame 0,ra,0,0
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*/
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/*
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* XLEAF
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* Global alias for a leaf function, or alternate entry point
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*/
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#define XLEAF(_name_,_n_args_) \
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.globl _name_; \
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.aent _name_ 0; \
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_name_:
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/* should have been
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.aproc _name_,_n_args_;
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*/
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/*
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* STATIC_XLEAF
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* Local alias for a leaf function, or alternate entry point
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*/
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#define STATIC_XLEAF(_name_,_n_args_) \
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.aent _name_ 0; \
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_name_:
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/* should have been
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.aproc _name_,_n_args_;
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*/
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/*
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* NESTED
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* Declare a (global) nested function
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* A nested function calls other functions and needs
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* therefore stack space to save/restore registers.
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*/
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#define NESTED(_name_, _n_args_, _framesize_, _pc_reg_, _i_mask_, _f_mask_ ) \
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.globl _name_; \
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.ent _name_ 0; \
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_name_:; \
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.frame sp,_framesize_,_pc_reg_; \
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.livereg _i_mask_,_f_mask_; \
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MCOUNT
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/* should have been
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.proc _name_,_n_args_; \
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.frame _framesize_, _pc_reg_, _i_mask_, _f_mask_
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*/
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#define NESTED_NOPROFILE(_name_, _n_args_, _framesize_, _pc_reg_, _i_mask_, _f_mask_ ) \
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.globl _name_; \
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.ent _name_ 0; \
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_name_:; \
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.frame sp,_framesize_,_pc_reg_; \
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.livereg _i_mask_,_f_mask_
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/* should have been
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.proc _name_,_n_args_; \
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.frame _framesize_, _pc_reg_, _i_mask_, _f_mask_
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*/
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/*
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* STATIC_NESTED
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* Declare a local nested function.
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*/
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#define STATIC_NESTED(_name_, _n_args_, _framesize_, _pc_reg_, _i_mask_, _f_mask_ ) \
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.ent _name_ 0; \
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_name_:; \
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.frame sp,_framesize_,_pc_reg_; \
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.livereg _i_mask_,_f_mask_; \
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MCOUNT
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/* should have been
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.proc _name_,_n_args_; \
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.frame _framesize_, _pc_reg_, _i_mask_, _f_mask_
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*/
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/*
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* XNESTED
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* Same as XLEAF, for a nested function.
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*/
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#define XNESTED(_name_,_n_args_) \
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.globl _name_; \
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.aent _name_ 0; \
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_name_:
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/* should have been
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.aproc _name_,_n_args_;
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*/
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/*
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* STATIC_XNESTED
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* Same as STATIC_XLEAF, for a nested function.
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*/
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#define STATIC_XNESTED(_name_,_n_args_) \
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.aent _name_ 0; \
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_name_:
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/* should have been
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.aproc _name_,_n_args_;
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*/
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/*
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* END
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* Function delimiter
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*/
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#define END(_name_) \
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.end _name_
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/*
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* CALL
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* Function invocation
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*/
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#define CALL(_name_) \
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jsr ra,_name_; \
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ldgp gp,0(ra)
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/* but this would cover longer jumps
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br ra,.+4; \
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bsr ra,_name_
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*/
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/*
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* RET
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* Return from function
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*/
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#define RET \
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ret zero,(ra),1
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/*
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* EXPORT
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* Export a symbol
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*/
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#define EXPORT(_name_) \
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.globl _name_; \
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_name_:
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/*
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* IMPORT
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* Make an external name visible, typecheck the size
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*/
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#define IMPORT(_name_, _size_) \
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.extern _name_,_size_
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/*
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* ABS
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* Define an absolute symbol
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*/
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#define ABS(_name_, _value_) \
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.globl _name_; \
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_name_ = _value_
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/*
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* BSS
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* Allocate un-initialized space for a global symbol
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*/
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#define BSS(_name_,_numbytes_) \
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.comm _name_,_numbytes_
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/*
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* VECTOR
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* Make an exception entry point look like a called function,
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* to make it digestible to the debugger (KERNEL only)
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*/
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#define VECTOR(_name_, _i_mask_) \
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.globl _name_; \
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.ent _name_ 0; \
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_name_:; \
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.mask _i_mask_|IM_EXC,0; \
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.frame sp,MSS_SIZE,ra;
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/* .livereg _i_mask_|IM_EXC,0
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/* should have been
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.proc _name_,1; \
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.frame MSS_SIZE,$31,_i_mask_,0; \
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*/
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/*
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* MSG
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* Allocate space for a message (a read-only ascii string)
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*/
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#define ASCIZ .asciz
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#define MSG(msg,reg) \
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lda reg, 9f; \
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.data; \
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9: ASCIZ msg; \
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.text;
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/*
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* PRINTF
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* Print a message
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*/
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#define PRINTF(msg) \
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MSG(msg,a0); \
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CALL(printf)
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/*
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* PANIC
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* Fatal error (KERNEL)
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*/
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#define PANIC(msg) \
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MSG(msg,a0); \
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CALL(panic)
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/*
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* Register mask defines, used to define both save
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* and use register sets.
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*
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* NOTE: The bit order should HAVE BEEN maintained when saving
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* registers on the stack: sp goes at the highest
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* address, gp lower on the stack, etc etc
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* BUT NOONE CARES ABOUT DEBUGGERS AT MIPS
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*/
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#define IM_EXC 0x80000000
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#define IM_SP 0x40000000
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#define IM_GP 0x20000000
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#define IM_AT 0x10000000
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#define IM_T12 0x08000000
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# define IM_PV IM_T4
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#define IM_RA 0x04000000
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#define IM_T11 0x02000000
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# define IM_AI IM_T3
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#define IM_T10 0x01000000
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#define IM_T9 0x00800000
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#define IM_T8 0x00400000
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#define IM_A5 0x00200000
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#define IM_A4 0x00100000
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#define IM_A3 0x00080000
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#define IM_A2 0x00040000
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#define IM_A1 0x00020000
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#define IM_A0 0x00010000
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#define IM_S6 0x00008000
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#define IM_S5 0x00004000
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#define IM_S4 0x00002000
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#define IM_S3 0x00001000
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#define IM_S2 0x00000800
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#define IM_S1 0x00000400
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#define IM_S0 0x00000200
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#define IM_T7 0x00000100
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#define IM_T6 0x00000080
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#define IM_T5 0x00000040
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#define IM_T4 0x00000020
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#define IM_T3 0x00000010
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#define IM_T2 0x00000008
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#define IM_T1 0x00000004
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#define IM_T0 0x00000002
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#define IM_V0 0x00000001
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#define FM_T15 0x40000000
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#define FM_T14 0x20000000
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#define FM_T13 0x10000000
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#define FM_T12 0x08000000
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#define FM_T11 0x04000000
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#define FM_T10 0x02000000
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#define FM_T9 0x01000000
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#define FM_T8 0x00800000
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#define FM_T7 0x00400000
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#define FM_A5 0x00200000
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#define FM_A4 0x00100000
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#define FM_A3 0x00080000
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#define FM_A2 0x00040000
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#define FM_A1 0x00020000
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#define FM_A0 0x00010000
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#define FM_T6 0x00008000
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#define FM_T5 0x00004000
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#define FM_T4 0x00002000
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#define FM_T3 0x00001000
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#define FM_T2 0x00000800
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#define FM_T1 0x00000400
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#define FM_S7 0x00000200
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#define FM_S6 0x00000100
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#define FM_S5 0x00000080
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#define FM_S4 0x00000040
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#define FM_S3 0x00000020
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#define FM_S2 0x00000010
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#define FM_S1 0x00000008
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#define FM_S0 0x00000004
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#define FM_T0 0x00000002
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#define FM_V1 FM_T0
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#define FM_V0 0x00000001
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/*
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* PAL "function" codes (used as arguments to call_pal instructions).
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*
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* Those marked with "P" are privileged, and those marked with "U"
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* are unprivileged.
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*/
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/* Common PAL function codes. */
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#define PAL_halt 0x0000 /* P */
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#define PAL_draina 0x0002 /* P */
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#define PAL_cserve 0x0009 /* P */
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#define PAL_swppal 0x000a /* P */
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#define PAL_bpt 0x0080 /* U */
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#define PAL_bugchk 0x0081 /* U */
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#define PAL_imb 0x0086 /* U */
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#define PAL_rdunique 0x009e /* U */
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#define PAL_wrunique 0x009f /* U */
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#define PAL_gentrap 0x00aa /* U */
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/* VMS PAL function codes. */
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#define PAL_VMS_ldqp 0x0003 /* P */
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#define PAL_VMS_stqp 0x0004 /* P */
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#define PAL_VMS_mtpr_fen 0x000c /* P */
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#define PAL_VMS_mtpr_ipir 0x000d /* P */
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#define PAL_VMS_mfpr_ipl 0x000e /* P */
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#define PAL_VMS_mtpr_ipl 0x000f /* P */
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#define PAL_VMS_mfpr_mces 0x0010 /* P */
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#define PAL_VMS_mtpr_mces 0x0011 /* P */
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#define PAL_VMS_mfpr_prbr 0x0013 /* P */
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#define PAL_VMS_mtpr_prbr 0x0014 /* P */
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#define PAL_VMS_mfpr_ptbr 0x0015 /* P */
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#define PAL_VMS_mtpr_scbb 0x0017 /* P */
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#define PAL_VMS_mtpr_sirr 0x0018 /* P */
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#define PAL_VMS_mtpr_tbia 0x001b /* P */
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#define PAL_VMS_mtpr_tbiap 0x001c /* P */
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#define PAL_VMS_mtpr_tbis 0x001d /* P */
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#define PAL_VMS_mfpr_usp 0x0022 /* P */
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#define PAL_VMS_mtpr_usp 0x0023 /* P */
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#define PAL_VMS_mfpr_vptb 0x0029 /* P */
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#define PAL_VMS_mfpr_whami 0x003f /* P */
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#define PAL_VMS_rei 0x0092 /* U */
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/* OSF/1 PAL function codes. */
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#define PAL_OSF1_rdmces 0x0010 /* P */
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#define PAL_OSF1_wrmces 0x0011 /* P */
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#define PAL_OSF1_wrfen 0x002b /* P */
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#define PAL_OSF1_wrvptptr 0x002d /* P */
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#define PAL_OSF1_swpctx 0x0030 /* P */
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#define PAL_OSF1_wrval 0x0031 /* P */
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#define PAL_OSF1_rdval 0x0032 /* P */
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#define PAL_OSF1_tbi 0x0033 /* P */
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#define PAL_OSF1_wrent 0x0034 /* P */
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#define PAL_OSF1_swpipl 0x0035 /* P */
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#define PAL_OSF1_rdps 0x0036 /* P */
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#define PAL_OSF1_wrkgp 0x0037 /* P */
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#define PAL_OSF1_wrusp 0x0038 /* P */
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#define PAL_OSF1_rdusp 0x003a /* P */
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#define PAL_OSF1_whami 0x003c /* P */
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#define PAL_OSF1_retsys 0x003d /* P */
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#define PAL_OSF1_rti 0x003f /* P */
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#define PAL_OSF1_callsys 0x0083 /* U */
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#define PAL_OSF1_imb 0x0086 /* U */
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/*
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* Defintions to make things portable between gcc and OSF/1 cc.
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*/
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#define SETGP(pv) ldgp gp,0(pv)
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#define MF_FPCR(x) mf_fpcr x
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#define MT_FPCR(x) mt_fpcr x
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#define JMP(loc) jmp zero,loc
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#define CONST(c,reg) ldiq reg, c
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