2311fe3263
they are suitable (for i386). * Mention xf86config(1) for ports that use XFree86. * Since i386 INSTALL kernels do not have symbols, point users at the symbol files should they need them (hopefully not).
1052 lines
29 KiB
Plaintext
1052 lines
29 KiB
Plaintext
.\" $NetBSD: sysinst,v 1.17 2000/11/13 22:05:52 fvdl Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1999, 2000 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
|
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
|
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.\" are met:
|
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
|
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
|
|
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
|
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
|
|
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
|
|
.\" This product includes software developed by the NetBSD
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.\" Foundation, Inc. and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its
|
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.\" contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
|
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.\" from this software without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
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.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
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.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
|
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.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
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.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
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.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
|
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.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
|
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.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
|
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.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
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.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
|
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.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.
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.
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.de (pcmcia
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. Bl -tag -width x[PCMCIA]x
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.It [ Tn PCMCIA ]
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..
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.de pcmcia)
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. El
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..
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.
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.
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.Ss2 Running the sysinst installation program
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.(enum
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.Em Introduction
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.Pp
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Using
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.Ic sysinst ,
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installing
|
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.Nx
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|
is a relatively easy process. You
|
|
still should read this document and have it in hand when doing the
|
|
installation process. This document tries to be a good guideline
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for the installation and as such covers many details to be completed.
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Do not let this discourage you, the install program is not hard
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|
to use.
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.
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.if !\n[macppc]:\n[news68k]:\n[pmax]:\n[sparc]:\n[x68k] \{\
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.It
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.Em Possible Tn PCMCIA Em issues
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|
.Pp
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|
Machines with
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.Tn PCMCIA
|
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slots may have problems during installation. With the improvements of
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|
the
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.Tn PCMCIA
|
|
code in this release, this will not happen very frequently.
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If you do not have
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.Tn PCMCIA
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|
on your machine
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.Tn ( PCMCIA
|
|
is only really used on laptop machines),
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|
you can skip this section, and ignore the
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.Dq Bq Tn PCMCIA
|
|
notes. If you do have
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.Tn PCMCIA
|
|
in your machine, you can safely ignore this section and the
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.Dq Bq Tn PCMCIA
|
|
the first time, as you are likely to not have problems. Should troubles
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|
occur during floppy boot, they may be
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.Tn PCMCIA
|
|
specific. You should then re-read this section and try again,
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|
following the instructions in the
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|
.Dq Bq Tn PCMCIA
|
|
notes.
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.Pp
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|
This section explains how to work around the installation problem.
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.Pp
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|
The kernel keeps careful track of what interrupts
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and I/O ports are in use during autoconfiguration. It then allows
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the
|
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.Tn PCMCIA
|
|
devices to pick unused interrupts and I/O ports.
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|
Unfortunately, the
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.Tn Li INSTALL
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|
kernel may not detect all devices in your system. This may
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|
be because the
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.Tn Li INSTALL
|
|
kernel only supports the minimum set of devices to install
|
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.Nx
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|
on your system, or it may be that
|
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.Nx
|
|
does not have support for the device causing the conflict.
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|
.Pp
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|
For example, suppose your laptop has a
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|
soundblaster device built in; the
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|
.Tn Li INSTALL
|
|
kernel has no sound support. The
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|
.Tn PCMCIA No code might allocate your soundblaster's
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|
.Tn IRQ No and I/O ports to
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.Tn PCMCIA
|
|
devices, causing them not to work, or to lock up the system. This is
|
|
especially bad if one of the devices in question is your ethernet
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|
card.
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|
.Pp
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|
As of
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|
.Nx 1.5 ,
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|
the kernel attempts to probe for available interrupts that are
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|
usable by the
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.Tn PCIC
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|
.Tn ( PCMCIA
|
|
interrupt controller). Assuming that this functions correctly, it
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|
should alleviate interrupt conflicts; however, I/O port conflicts are
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|
still possable.
|
|
.Pp
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|
This problem will impact some, but not all, users of
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|
.Tn PCMCIA .
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|
If this problem is affecting you, watch the
|
|
.Dq Bq Tn PCMCIA
|
|
notes that will appear in this document.
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|
.if r_i386 \{\
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|
.Pp
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|
It can be difficult to distinguish an interrupt conflict from
|
|
an I/O space conflict. There are no hard-and-fast rules, but
|
|
interrupt conflicts are more likely to lock up the machine,
|
|
and I/O space conflicts are more likely to result in misbehavior
|
|
(e.g. a network card that cannot send or receive packets).
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The kernel selects a free interrupt according to a mask of allowable
|
|
interrupts, stored in the kernel global variable
|
|
.Va pcic_isa_intr_alloc_mask .
|
|
This mask is a logical-or of power-of-2s of allowable interrupts:
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|
.(disp
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|
IRQ Val IRQ Val IRQ Val IRQ Val
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|
0 0x0001 4 0x0010 8 0x0100 12 0x1000
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1 0x0002 5 0x0020 9 0x0200 13 0x2000
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2 0x0004 6 0x0040 10 0x0400 14 0x4000
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3 0x0008 7 0x0080 11 0x0800 15 0x8000
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|
.disp)
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|
.Pp
|
|
For example, 0x0a00 allows both IRQ 9 and IRQ 11. By default,
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|
the
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.Tn Li INSTALL
|
|
kernel permits all IRQs other than IRQs 5 and 7, so the corresponding
|
|
mask is 0xff5f. The
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|
.Tn Li GENERIC
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|
kernel, however, allows all IRQs. (The presumption here
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|
is that IRQ 10 may be assigned to a device that the
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|
.Tn Li GENERIC
|
|
kernel
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|
supports, but that the
|
|
.Tn Li INSTALL
|
|
does not.) Because of support for interrupt probing, it is no
|
|
longer necessary to exclude IRQs 3 and 5 explicitly; if they are
|
|
in use, they should not be assigned to
|
|
.Tn PCMCIA .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The kernel selects IO space by assigning cards IO space within a
|
|
predefined range. The range is specified as a base and size,
|
|
specified by the kernel global variables
|
|
.Va pcic_isa_alloc_iobase
|
|
and
|
|
.Va pcic_isa_alloc_iosize .
|
|
For systems with 12-bit addressing (most systems), the kernel defaults to a
|
|
base of 0x400 and a size of 0xbff (a range of 0x400-0xfff).
|
|
For systems with 10-bit addressing, the kernel defaults to a
|
|
base of 0x300 and a size of 0xff (range of 0x300-0x3ff).
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Unfortunately, these ranges may conflict with some devices. In the
|
|
event of a conflict, try a base of 0x330 with a size of 0x0bf (range
|
|
of 0x330-0x3ff).
|
|
.Pp
|
|
In order to work around this at installation time, you may
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|
boot the
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|
.Tn Li INSTALL
|
|
kernel with
|
|
.Ic boot Fl d ,
|
|
in order to enter
|
|
.Xr ddb 4
|
|
(the in-kernel debugger), and then use the
|
|
.Ic write
|
|
command to alter the variable values:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl db> Ic "write pcic_isa_intr_alloc_mask 0x0a00"
|
|
.Dl pcic_isa_intr_alloc_mask 0xff5f = 0xa00
|
|
.Dl db> Ic "write pcic_isa_alloc_iobase 0x330"
|
|
.Dl pcic_isa_alloc_iobase 0x400 = 0x330
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|
.Dl db> Ic "write pcic_isa_alloc_iosize 0x0bf"
|
|
.Dl pcic_isa_alloc_iosize 0xbff = 0xbf
|
|
.Dl db> Ic "continue"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Note that, since some floppy images may not have symbol information in
|
|
the kernel, you may have to consult the matching
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|
.Pa .symbols
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|
file in the
|
|
.Pa binary/kernel
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|
directory in the installation tree. Find the pcic_ symbols used above,
|
|
look at the hexadecimal value in the first column, and write, for
|
|
example (if
|
|
.Va pcic_isa_intr_alloc_mask
|
|
is equal to c0513e3c):
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl db> Ic "write 0xc0513e3c 0x0a00"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
After installation, this value can be permanently written to the kernel image
|
|
directly with:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl # Ic "cp /netbsd /netbsd.bak"
|
|
.Dl # Ic "gdb --write /netbsd"
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|
.Dl (gdb) Ic "set pcic_isa_intr_alloc_mask=0x0a00"
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|
.Dl (gdb) Ic "set pcic_isa_alloc_iobase=0x330"
|
|
.Dl (gdb) Ic "set pcic_isa_alloc_iosize=0x0bf"
|
|
.Dl (gdb) Ic "quit"
|
|
.Dl #
|
|
.Pp
|
|
or you could specify these value when configuring your kernel, e.g.:
|
|
.(disp
|
|
options PCIC_ISA_INTR_ALLOC_MASK=0x0a00
|
|
options PCIC_ISA_ALLOC_IOBASE=0x330
|
|
options PCIC_ISA_ALLOC_IOSIZE=0x0bf
|
|
.disp)
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If you can
|
|
get your
|
|
.Tn PCMCIA
|
|
card to work using this hack, you may also ignore the
|
|
.Bq Tn PCMCIA
|
|
notes later in this document.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
We hope to provide a more elegant solution to this problem in a future
|
|
.Nx
|
|
release.
|
|
.\} \" r_i386
|
|
.\} \" ! \n[macppc]:\[news68k]:\n[pmax]:\n[x68k]
|
|
.It
|
|
.Em General
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The following is a walk-through of the steps you will take while
|
|
getting
|
|
.Nx
|
|
installed on your hard disk.
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
is a menu driven
|
|
installation system that allows for some freedom in doing the
|
|
installation. Sometimes, questions will be asked and in many cases
|
|
the default answer will be displayed in brackets
|
|
.Pq Dq \&[\ ]
|
|
after the question. If you wish to stop the installation, you may press
|
|
.Key CONTROL-C
|
|
at any time, but if you do, you'll have to begin the installation
|
|
process again from scratch.
|
|
.It
|
|
.Em Quick install
|
|
.Pp
|
|
First, let's describe a quick install. The other sections of
|
|
this document go into the installation procedure in more
|
|
detail, but you may find that you do not need this. If you
|
|
want detailed instructions, skip to section 3. This section
|
|
describes a basic installation, using a CD-ROM install as
|
|
an example.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.(bullet
|
|
What you need.
|
|
.(bullet
|
|
The distribution sets (in this example, they are on CD).
|
|
.if !r_pmax \{\
|
|
.It
|
|
.ie r_alpha Two floppy disks.
|
|
.el .ie r_i386 Two 1.44 MB 3.5" floppy disks.
|
|
.el .ie \n[macppc]:\n[sparc] Some form of bootable media, described above.
|
|
.el One 1.44 MB 3.5" floppy.
|
|
.\} \" ! r_pmax
|
|
.if r_i386 \{\
|
|
.It
|
|
A PC with a 386 or newer processor.
|
|
.\} \" r_i386
|
|
.It
|
|
A CD-ROM drive
|
|
.ie \n[alpha]:\n[i386]:\n[macppc] (SCSI or ATAPI),
|
|
.el (SCSI),
|
|
a harddisk and a minimum of
|
|
.if r_alpha 32 MB
|
|
.if r_i386 4 MB
|
|
.if r_macppc 8 MB
|
|
.if r_news68k 4 MB
|
|
.if r_pmax 8 MB
|
|
.if r_sparc 4 MB
|
|
of memory installed.
|
|
.It
|
|
The harddisk should have at least
|
|
.if r_alpha 200
|
|
.if r_i386 70
|
|
.if r_macppc 200
|
|
.if r_news68k 100
|
|
.if r_pmax 200
|
|
.if r_sparc 200
|
|
+
|
|
.Em n
|
|
megabytes of
|
|
space free, where
|
|
.Em n
|
|
is the number of megabytes of
|
|
main memory in your system. If you wish to install
|
|
the X window system as well, you will need at least
|
|
60 MB more.
|
|
.bullet)
|
|
.if \n[alpha]:\n[i386]:\n[news68k] \{\
|
|
.It
|
|
Creating the boot floppies.
|
|
You can create the floppies needed for installation
|
|
under
|
|
.Tn MS-DOS
|
|
or
|
|
.Tn Windows .
|
|
Supposing your 1.44 MB floppy
|
|
drive is drive A:, and your CD is drive E: do the
|
|
following from an
|
|
.Tn MS-DOS
|
|
command prompt:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl Ic "e:"
|
|
.Dl Ic "cd \eNetBSD-\*V\ei386\einstallation\emisc"
|
|
.Dl Ic "rawrite"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
When asked for a source filename, answer
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.if r_i386 \{\
|
|
.Dl Pa \&..\efloppy\eboot1.fs
|
|
for the first diskette and
|
|
.Dl Pa \&..\efloppy\eboot2.fs
|
|
for the second diskette.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.if r_alpha .Dl Em \&(...alpha installation root) Ns Pa \efloppy\edisk1of2
|
|
.if r_news68k .Dl Pa \eNetBSD-\*V\e\*M\einstallation\efloppy\eboot.fs
|
|
.Pp
|
|
When asked for a destination drive answer
|
|
.Sq Ic a .
|
|
.It
|
|
To create a bootfloppy under
|
|
.Nx
|
|
or other
|
|
.Ul
|
|
system, you would type something like:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl # Ic "dd if=.../boot1.fs bs=18k of=/dev/rfd0a"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.\} \" \n[alpha]:\n[i386]:\[news68k]
|
|
.It
|
|
The Quick Installation
|
|
.(bullet
|
|
.ie \n[macppc]:\n[pmax]:\n[sparc] \{\
|
|
Boot the system as desribed above. You
|
|
should be at the
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
main menu.
|
|
.\} \" \n[macppc]:\n[pmax]:\n[sparc]
|
|
.el \{\
|
|
Insert the
|
|
.ie r_i386 first
|
|
.ie r_alpha first
|
|
boot floppy you just created.
|
|
.ie r_i386 Restart
|
|
.el Boot
|
|
the computer.
|
|
.if r_alpha \{\
|
|
Type
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl \&\*>\*>\*> Ic "B DVA0"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.\}
|
|
.if r_i386 When prompted, insert the second boot floppy.
|
|
.if r_news68k \{\
|
|
Type
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl \&NEWS\*> Ic "bo fh"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.\}
|
|
The main menu will be displayed.
|
|
.\} \" ! r_pmax
|
|
.It
|
|
If you wish, you can configure some network settings
|
|
immediately by choosing the
|
|
.Me utilities
|
|
menu and then
|
|
.Me configure network .
|
|
It isn't actually required at this point, but
|
|
it may be more convenient. Go back to the main menu.
|
|
.It
|
|
Choose
|
|
.Me install
|
|
.It
|
|
You will be guided through some steps regarding the
|
|
setup of your disk, and the selection of distributed components
|
|
to install. When in doubt, refer to the rest of this document for details.
|
|
.It
|
|
After your disk has been prepared, choose
|
|
.Me CD-ROM
|
|
as the medium. The default values for the path and device should be ok.
|
|
.It
|
|
After all the files have been unpacked, go back to
|
|
the main menu and select
|
|
.ie \n[macppc]:\n[pmax]:\n[sparc] \{\
|
|
.Me reboot.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.el \{\
|
|
.Me reboot ,
|
|
after you have removed the bootfloppy from the drive.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.It
|
|
.if r_macppc \{\
|
|
Once the system reaches the Open Firmware prompt, you will need to type
|
|
the correct command to boot from your hard drive.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.if r_sparc \{\
|
|
Once the system reaches the PROM prompt, you will need to type the correct
|
|
command to boot from your hard drive.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.Nx
|
|
will now boot. If you haven't already done so in sysinst, you should log in as
|
|
.Li root ,
|
|
and set a password for that account. You are also
|
|
advised to edit the file
|
|
.Pa /etc/rc.conf
|
|
to match your system needs.
|
|
.It
|
|
Your installation is now complete.
|
|
.It
|
|
For configuring the X window system, if installed, see the files in
|
|
.Pa /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/doc .
|
|
.if !\n[macppc]:\n[sparc] \{\
|
|
Further information can be found on
|
|
.Lk http://www.xfree86.org/
|
|
.\}
|
|
.bullet)
|
|
.bullet)
|
|
.It
|
|
.Em Booting NetBSD
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
.if !\n[macppc]:\n[news68k]:\n[pmax]:\n[sparc]:\n[x68k] \{\
|
|
.(pcmcia
|
|
Unplug your
|
|
.Tn PCMCIA
|
|
devices, so that they won't be found by
|
|
.Nx .
|
|
.pcmcia)
|
|
.\} \" !\n[macppc]:\n[news68k]:\n[pmax]:\n[sparc]:\n[x68k]
|
|
.ie \n[macppc]:\n[pmax]:\n[sparc] \{\
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Boot the system as desribed in the previous section.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
You may want to read the
|
|
boot messages, to notice your disk's name and geometry. Its name
|
|
will be something like
|
|
.Li sd0
|
|
.if r_macppc \{\
|
|
or
|
|
.Li wd0
|
|
.\}
|
|
and the geometry will be
|
|
printed on a line that begins with its name. As mentioned above,
|
|
you may need your disk's geometry when creating
|
|
.Nx 's
|
|
partitions.
|
|
You will also need to know the name, to tell
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
on which disk
|
|
to install.
|
|
The most important thing to know is that
|
|
.if r_macppc \{\
|
|
.Li wd0
|
|
is
|
|
.Nx 's
|
|
name for your first IDE disk,
|
|
.Li wd1
|
|
the second, etc.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.Li sd0
|
|
is your first SCSI disk,
|
|
.Li sd1
|
|
the second, etc.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.el \{\
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Boot your machine. The boot loader will
|
|
start, and will print a countdown and begin booting.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If the boot loader messages do not appear in a reasonable
|
|
amount of time, you either have a bad boot floppy or a
|
|
hardware problem. Try writing the install floppy image to
|
|
a different disk, and using that.
|
|
.if r_i386 \{\
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If that doesn't work, try booting after disabling your CPU's
|
|
internal and external caches (if any). If it still doesn't
|
|
work,
|
|
.Nx
|
|
probably can't be run on your hardware. This can
|
|
probably be considered a bug, so you might want to report it.
|
|
If you do, please include as many details about your system
|
|
configuration as you can.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.Pp
|
|
It will take a while to load the kernel from the floppy,
|
|
probably around a minute or so, then, the kernel boot messages
|
|
will be displayed. This may take a little while also, as
|
|
.Nx
|
|
will be probing your system to discover which hardware devices are
|
|
installed.
|
|
.if r_i386 \{\
|
|
You may want to read the
|
|
boot messages, to notice your disk's name and geometry. Its name
|
|
will be something like
|
|
.Li sd0
|
|
or
|
|
.Li wd0
|
|
and the geometry will be
|
|
printed on a line that begins with its name. As mentioned above,
|
|
you may need your disk's geometry when creating
|
|
.Nx 's
|
|
partitions.
|
|
You will also need to know the name, to tell
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
on which disk
|
|
to install.
|
|
.\}
|
|
The most important thing to know is that
|
|
.Li wd0
|
|
is
|
|
.Nx 's
|
|
name for your first IDE disk,
|
|
.Li wd1
|
|
the second, etc.
|
|
.Li sd0
|
|
is your first SCSI disk,
|
|
.Li sd1
|
|
the second, etc.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Note that once the system has finished booting, you need not
|
|
leave the floppy in the disk drive.
|
|
.if r_i386 \{\
|
|
Earlier version of
|
|
the
|
|
.Nx
|
|
install floppies mounted the floppy as the system's
|
|
root partition
|
|
.Pq Pa / ,
|
|
but the new installation floppies use a
|
|
ramdisk file system and are no longer dependent on the floppy
|
|
once it has booted.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.\}
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Once
|
|
.Nx
|
|
has booted and printed all the boot messages,
|
|
you will be presented with a welcome message and a main menu.
|
|
It will also include instructions for using the menus.
|
|
.It
|
|
.Em Network configuration
|
|
.if !\n[macppc]:\n[news68k]:\n[pmax]:\n[sparc]:\n[x68k] \{\
|
|
.(pcmcia
|
|
You can skip this section, as you will only get data
|
|
from floppy in the first part of the install.
|
|
.pcmcia)
|
|
.\} \" ! \n[macppc]:\n[news68k]:\n[pmax]:\n[sparc]:\n[x68k]
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If you will not use network operation during the installation,
|
|
but you do want your machine to be configured for networking once
|
|
it is installed, you should first go to the utilities menu, and select
|
|
.Ic Configure network option .
|
|
If you only want to temporarily
|
|
use networking during the installation, you can specify these
|
|
parameters later. If you are not using Domain Name Service (DNS),
|
|
you can give an empty response in reply to answers relating to
|
|
this.
|
|
.It
|
|
.Em Installation drive selection and parameters
|
|
.Pp
|
|
To start the installation, select the menu option to install
|
|
.Nx
|
|
from the main menu.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The first thing is to identify the disk on which you want to
|
|
install
|
|
.Nx .
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
will report a list of disks it finds
|
|
and ask you for your selection. Depending on how many disks
|
|
are found, you may get a different message. You should see
|
|
disk names like
|
|
.ie r_pmax \{\
|
|
.Li rz0
|
|
or
|
|
.Li rz1
|
|
.\}
|
|
.el \{\
|
|
.if \n[alpha]:\n[i386]:\n[macppc] \{\
|
|
.Li wd0 ,
|
|
.Li wd1 ,
|
|
.\}
|
|
.Li sd0
|
|
or
|
|
.Li sd1 .
|
|
.if r_i386 \{\
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
next tries to figure out the real and BIOS geometry
|
|
of your disk. It will present you with the values it found,
|
|
if any, and will give you a chance to change them.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.if r_i386 \{\
|
|
Next, depending on whether you are using a
|
|
.Li wd Ns Ar X
|
|
or
|
|
.Li sd Ns Ar X
|
|
disk,
|
|
you will either be asked for the type of disk
|
|
.Pq Li wd Ns Ar X
|
|
you are
|
|
using or you will be asked if you want to specify a fake geometry
|
|
for your SCSI disk
|
|
.Pq Li sd Ns Ar X .
|
|
The types of disk are be
|
|
.Tn IDE, ST-506
|
|
or
|
|
.Tn ESDI .
|
|
If you're installing on an
|
|
.Tn ST-506
|
|
or
|
|
.Tn ESDI
|
|
drive, you'll be asked if your disk supports automatic sector forwarding.
|
|
If you are
|
|
.Em sure
|
|
that it does, reply affirmatively. Otherwise, the install
|
|
program will automatically reserve space for bad144 tables.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.\}
|
|
.It
|
|
.Em Partitioning the disk
|
|
.(bullet
|
|
Which portion of the disk to use.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
You will be asked if you want to use the entire disk or
|
|
only part of the disk. If you decide to use the entire disk
|
|
for
|
|
.Nx ,
|
|
it will be checked if there are already other
|
|
systems present on the disk, and you will be asked to confirm
|
|
whether you want to overwrite these.
|
|
.if r_i386 \{\
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If you want to use the entire disk for
|
|
.Nx ,
|
|
you can skip
|
|
the following section and go to
|
|
.Em "Editing the NetBSD disklabel" .
|
|
.It
|
|
.Em "Editing the Master Boot Record"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
First, you will be prompted to specify the units of size
|
|
that you want to express the sizes of the partitions in.
|
|
You can either pick megabytes, cylinders or sectors.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
After this, you will be presented with the current values
|
|
stored in the MBR, and will be given the opportunity to
|
|
change, create or delete partitions. For each partition
|
|
you can set the type, the start and the size. Setting the type to
|
|
.Ic unused
|
|
will delete a partition. You can
|
|
also mark a partition as active, meaning that this is
|
|
the one that the BIOS will start from at boot time.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Be sure to mark the partition you want to boot from as active!
|
|
.Pp
|
|
After you are done editing the MBR, a sanity check
|
|
will be done, checking for partitions that overlap.
|
|
Depending on the BIOS capabilities of your machine and the
|
|
parameters of the
|
|
.Nx
|
|
partition you have specified, you
|
|
may also be asked if you want to install newer bootcode in
|
|
your MBR. If you have multiple operating systems on the
|
|
disk that you are installing on, you will also be given
|
|
the option to install a bootselector, that will allow you
|
|
to pick the operating system to start up when your computer
|
|
is (re-)started.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If everything is ok, you can go on to the next step,
|
|
editing the
|
|
.Nx
|
|
disklabel.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.\}
|
|
.It
|
|
.Em Editing the NetBSD disklabel
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The partition table of the
|
|
.Nx
|
|
part of a disk is called a
|
|
.Em disklabel .
|
|
.if r_macppc \{\
|
|
In actuality,
|
|
.Nx
|
|
uses the Apple Partition Map on your disk. If you use
|
|
.Nx
|
|
to partition your drive, you will not be able to install HFS or HFS+
|
|
partitions on your disk. You may partition the drive using a MacOS tool,
|
|
such as
|
|
.Sq Drive Setup
|
|
1.9.1 or later, however you may not be able to boot from this drive. See
|
|
above.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.if r_sparc \{\
|
|
.Nx
|
|
disklabels on \*M are compatible with the boot ROMs, and with
|
|
.Tn SunOS
|
|
and
|
|
.Tn Solaris .
|
|
.\}
|
|
There are 3 layouts for the
|
|
.Nx
|
|
part of the disk that you can pick from:
|
|
.Ic Standard, Standard with X
|
|
and
|
|
.Ic Custom .
|
|
The first two use a set of default
|
|
values (that you can change) suitable for a normal
|
|
installation, possibly including X. The last option
|
|
lets you specify everything yourself.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
You will be presented with the current layout of the
|
|
.Nx
|
|
disklabel, and given a chance to change it.
|
|
For each partition, you can set the type, offset and size,
|
|
block and fragment size, and the mount point. The type
|
|
that
|
|
.Nx
|
|
uses for normal file storage is called
|
|
.Sy 4.2BSD .
|
|
A swap partition has a special type called
|
|
.Sy swap .
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
.ie r_i386 \{\
|
|
.
|
|
You can also specify a partition as type
|
|
.Sy MSDOS .
|
|
This is useful if you share the disk with
|
|
.Tn MS-DOS
|
|
or
|
|
.Tn Windows ;
|
|
.Nx
|
|
is able to access the files on these partitions.
|
|
You can use the values from the MBR for the
|
|
.Tn MS-DOS
|
|
part of the disk to specify the partition of type
|
|
.Sy MSDOS
|
|
(you don't have to do this now, you can always re-edit
|
|
the disklabel to add this once you have installed
|
|
.Nx ).
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.ds usrpart e
|
|
.\}
|
|
.el \{\
|
|
.ds usrpart d
|
|
.\}
|
|
Some partitions in the disklabel have a fixed purpose.
|
|
.(tag 6n -offset indent
|
|
.It Li a
|
|
Root partition.
|
|
.Pq Pa / ,
|
|
.It Li b
|
|
Swap partition.
|
|
.It Li c
|
|
.if r_i386 \{\
|
|
The
|
|
.Nx
|
|
portion of the disk.
|
|
.It Li d
|
|
.\}
|
|
The entire disk.
|
|
.It Li \*[usrpart]-h
|
|
Available for other use.
|
|
Traditionally,
|
|
.Li \*[usrpart]
|
|
is the partition mounted on
|
|
.Pa /usr ,
|
|
but this is historical practice and not a fixed value.
|
|
.tag)
|
|
.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
You will then be asked to name your disk's disklabel. The
|
|
default response is
|
|
.Sy mydisk .
|
|
For most purposes this will be OK.
|
|
If you choose to name it something different, make sure the name
|
|
is a single word and contains no special characters. You don't
|
|
need to remember this name.
|
|
.bullet)
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It
|
|
.Em Preparing your hard disk
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Em "You are now at the point of no return".
|
|
Nothing has been
|
|
written to your disk yet, but if you confirm that you want to
|
|
install
|
|
.Nx ,
|
|
your hard drive will be modified. If you are
|
|
sure you want to proceed, enter
|
|
.Li yes
|
|
at the prompt.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The install program will now label your disk and make the file
|
|
systems you specified. The file systems will be initialized to
|
|
contain
|
|
.Nx
|
|
bootstrapping binaries and configuration files.
|
|
You will see messages on your screen from the various
|
|
.Nx
|
|
disk preparation tools that are running. There should be no
|
|
errors in this section of the installation. If there are,
|
|
restart from the beginning of the installation process.
|
|
Otherwise, you can continue the installation program
|
|
after pressing the return key.
|
|
.if r_i386 \{\
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.(Note
|
|
In previous versions of
|
|
.Nx ,
|
|
the kernel from the
|
|
install floppy was copied onto the hard drive in a special
|
|
step. In the new install system, the kernel on the floppy is
|
|
unsuited to being copied onto the hard drive. Instead, a new set,
|
|
.Sy kern ,
|
|
has been added which contains a generic kernel to
|
|
be unloaded onto the drive. So, you can not boot from your
|
|
hard drive yet at this point.
|
|
.Note)
|
|
.\}
|
|
.It
|
|
.Em Getting the distribution sets
|
|
.if r_i386 \{\
|
|
.(pcmcia
|
|
.
|
|
Load a kernel tar file (i.e. the
|
|
.Pa kern.tgz
|
|
set file)
|
|
on to your hard disk, for example by mounting the
|
|
hard disk first, copying the
|
|
.Pa kern.tgz
|
|
file from floppy and unpacking it. Example:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl # Ic "mount /dev/wd0a /mnt"
|
|
.Dl # Ic "cd /mnt"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.D1 Em "repeat the following 3 steps until all kern.* files are there"
|
|
.Dl # Ic "mount -t msdos /dev/fd0a /mnt2"
|
|
.Dl # Ic "cp /mnt2/kern.* ."
|
|
.Dl # Ic "umount /mnt2"
|
|
.Dl # Ic "cat kern.* \&| tar zxpvf -"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Then halt the machine using the
|
|
.Ic halt
|
|
command. Power
|
|
the machine down, and re-insert all the
|
|
.Tn PCMCIA
|
|
devices.
|
|
Remove any floppy from the floppy drive.
|
|
Start the machine up. After booting
|
|
.Nx ,
|
|
you will
|
|
be presented with the main
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
menu. Choose the
|
|
option to re-install sets. Wait for the file system
|
|
checks that it will do to finish, and then proceed
|
|
as described below.
|
|
.pcmcia)
|
|
.\}
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Nx
|
|
distribution consists of a number of
|
|
.Em sets ,
|
|
that come in the form of gzipped tarfiles. A few sets must be
|
|
installed for a working system, others are optional. At this
|
|
point of the installation, you will be presented with a menu
|
|
which enables you to choose from one of the following methods
|
|
of installing the sets. Some of these methods will first
|
|
load the sets on your hard disk, others will extract the sets
|
|
directly.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
For all these methods, the first step is making the sets
|
|
available for extraction, and then do the actual installation.
|
|
The sets can be made available in a few different ways. The
|
|
following sections describe each of those methods. After
|
|
reading the one about the method you will be using, you
|
|
can continue to section labeled
|
|
.Sq Extracting the distribution sets
|
|
.It
|
|
.Em Installation using ftp
|
|
.Pp
|
|
To be able to install using ftp, you first need to configure
|
|
your network setup, if you haven't already at the start of
|
|
the install procedure.
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
will do this for you, asking you
|
|
to provide some data, like IP number, hostname, etc. If you
|
|
do not have name service set up for the machine that you
|
|
are installing on, you can just press
|
|
.Key RETURN
|
|
in answer to these questions, and DNS will not be used.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
You will also be asked to specify the host that you want
|
|
to transfer the sets from, the directory on that host,
|
|
and the account name and password used to log into that
|
|
host using ftp. If you did not set up DNS when answering
|
|
the questions to configure networking, you will need to
|
|
specify an IP number instead of a hostname for the ftp
|
|
server.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
will proceed to transfer all the default set files
|
|
from the remote site to your hard disk.
|
|
.It
|
|
.Em Installation using NFS
|
|
.Pp
|
|
To be able to install using NFS, you first need to configure
|
|
your network setup, if you haven't already at the start of
|
|
the install procedure.
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
will do this for you, asking you
|
|
to provide some data, like IP number, hostname, etc. If you
|
|
do not have name service set up for the machine that you
|
|
are installing on, you can just press
|
|
.Key RETURN
|
|
in answer to these questions, and DNS will not be used.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
You will also be asked to specify the host that you want
|
|
to transfer the sets from, and the directory on that host
|
|
that the files are in. This directory should be mountable
|
|
by the machine you are installing on, i.e. correctly
|
|
exported to your machine.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If you did not set up DNS when answering the questions to
|
|
configure networking, you will need to specify an IP number
|
|
instead of a hostname for the NFS server.
|
|
.It
|
|
.Em Installation from CD-ROM
|
|
.Pp
|
|
When installing from a CD-ROM, you will be asked to specify
|
|
the device name for your CD-ROM player
|
|
.Pq usually Li cd0 ,
|
|
and the directory name on the CD-ROM where the distribution files are.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
will then check if the files are indeed available
|
|
in the specified location, and proceed to the actual
|
|
extraction of the sets.
|
|
.if r_i386 \{\
|
|
.It
|
|
.Em Installation from a floppy set
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Because the installation sets are too big to fit on one floppy,
|
|
the floppies are expected to be filled with the split set
|
|
files. The floppies are expected to be in
|
|
.Tn MS-DOS
|
|
format. You will be asked for a directory where the sets
|
|
should be reassembled. Then you will be prompted to insert
|
|
the floppies containing the split sets. This process
|
|
will continue until all the sets have been loaded from floppy.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.It
|
|
.Em Installation from an unmounted file system
|
|
.Pp
|
|
In order to install from a local file system, you will
|
|
need to specify the device that the file system resides
|
|
on
|
|
.ie r_pmax .Pq for example Li rz1e
|
|
.el .Pq for example Li sd1e
|
|
the type of the file system,
|
|
and the directory on the specified file system where the sets are located.
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
will then check if it
|
|
can indeed access the sets at that location.
|
|
.It
|
|
.Em Installation from a local directory
|
|
.Pp
|
|
This option assumes that you have already done some preparation
|
|
yourself. The sets should be located in a directory on a
|
|
file system that is already accessible.
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
will ask you
|
|
for the name of this directory.
|
|
.It
|
|
.Em Extracting the distribution sets
|
|
.Pp
|
|
After the install sets containing the
|
|
.Nx
|
|
distribution
|
|
have been made available, you can either extract all the
|
|
sets (a full installation), or only extract sets that
|
|
you have selected. In the latter case you will be shown the
|
|
currently selected sets, and given the opportunity to select
|
|
the sets you want. Some sets always need to be installed
|
|
.Pq Sy kern, base No and Sy etc
|
|
they will not be shown in this selection menu.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Before extraction begins, you can elect to watch the files being
|
|
extracted; the name of each file that is extracted will be shown.
|
|
This can slow down the installation process considerably, especially
|
|
on machines with slow graphics consoles or serial consoles.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
After all the files have been extracted, all the necessary
|
|
device node files will be created. If you have already
|
|
configured networking, you will be asked if you want to
|
|
use this configuration for normal operation. If so, these
|
|
values will be installed in the network configuration files.
|
|
The next menu will allow you to select the time zone that you're in,
|
|
to make sure your clock has the right offset from GMT.
|
|
Finally you can set a password for the "root" account, to prevent
|
|
the machine coming up without access restrictions.
|
|
.It
|
|
.Em Finalizing your installation
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Congratulations, you have successfully installed
|
|
.Nx \*V .
|
|
.if !r_macppc \{\
|
|
You can now reboot the machine, and boot
|
|
.Nx
|
|
from harddisk.
|
|
.\} \" !r_macppc
|
|
.enum)
|