172 lines
8.3 KiB
Plaintext
172 lines
8.3 KiB
Plaintext
$NetBSD: upgrade,v 1.12 1998/05/12 00:00:19 ross Exp $
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The upgrade to NetBSD _VER is a binary upgrade; it can be quite difficult
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to advance to a later version by recompiling from source due primarily
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to interdependencies in the various components.
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No automated upgrade procedure exists for upgrading to release _VER for the
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NetBSD/mac68k architecture. The current procedure is essentially to perform
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a new install from scratch. It is hoped that there will be a good upgrade
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procedure for future releases. Please feel free to volunteer to help
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replace these installation tools.
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The following steps outline the current upgrade procedure. These steps
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should help ease the upgrade process. Please read these instructions
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carefully and completely before proceeding:
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1) Since upgrading involves replacing the kernel and most of the system
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binaries, it has the potential to cause data loss. You are strongly
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advised to BACK UP ANY IMPORTANT DATA ON YOUR DISK, whether on the
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NetBSD partition or on another operating system's partition, before
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beginning the upgrade process. Although the upgrade should not
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damage your filesystem(s) in any way, you never know what may happen.
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2) Download the distribution sets you want from the "mac68k/binary/sets"
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subdirectory of the NetBSD _VER distribution. You will need the base
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set and the kernel at a minimum. Be sure to download the files in
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_binary_ mode. If you will be upgrading from within NetBSD, make sure
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that you place the distribution sets on a filesystem you will be able to
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reach from single-user mode.
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3) Install the _VER kernel. You may either use the Installer utility
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(included in the "installation/misc" subdirectory) or install from
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within NetBSD (the latter is recommended for speed reasons). If you
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choose the former, proceed as you normally would. If you choose to
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install from within NetBSD, then boot (or shutdown) into single-user
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mode and do the following:
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cd /
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tar -zxvpf /path/to/kern.tgz
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There is no need to backup your old kernel explicitly since it will be
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incapable of running many of the newer binaries you are about to
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install (unless, of course, you have a backup copy of your older
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binaries and want to revert to them for some reason). However, you
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might want to keep a backup if you are upgrading from within NetBSD just
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in case the newer kernel has trouble booting your machine.
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4) If you are installing using the Installer, skip to step 5. Otherwise,
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reboot into NetBSD in single-user mode. Run 'fsck -f' and then mount all
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local partitions read/write. Usually 'mount -a -t nonfs' should do the
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trick, but if you have several partitions on the same disk, take note of
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the fact that a change in partition numbering may have moved a few of
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your partitions around. You can do a 'disklabel sdX' (where X is a
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drive on which you have NetBSD partitions) to see how the partitions are
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currently layed out. It is likely that a partition has shifted into the
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'sdXd' or 'sdXe' slots, slots that often were not available under
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previous releases of NetBSD. If this is the case, you will need to
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manually mount your root partition (via 'mount -w /') and edit your
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/etc/fstab file to reflect the new partition layout. Unless you are
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familiar with 'ex' or 'ed', the easiest way to fix your /etc/fstab file
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is probably to simply do a 'cat > /etc/fstab' and type in the corrected
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file in its entirety.
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5) Install the distribution sets. Keep in mind that the NetBSD _VER
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distribution takes up a considerably larger amount of disk space than
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did the 1.2 or 1.2.1 distributions. If you are using the Installer,
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proceed normally (remember that you will need to mount non-root
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partitions by hand using the MiniShell before installing). If you are
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installing from within NetBSD, do the following:
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cd /
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tar --unlink -zxvpf /path/to/base.tgz
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It is crucial that you use the '--unlink' flag when invoking tar or you
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will fail to correctly overwrite some files. Keep in mind that there is
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no going back once you have installed the base set short of a complete
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re-install of an earlier distribution. Continue with the appropriate
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command line for each of the other sets you wish to install except for
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the etc set. If you are in the Installer, open up the Minishell and do
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the following:
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cd /tmp
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exit
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Ignore the warning message this will cause. Now, use the Installer to
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install the etc set (it will install into /tmp instead of the /etc
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directory).
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If you are in NetBSD, do the following instead:
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cd /tmp
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tar --unlink -zxvpf /path/to/etc.tgz
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6) If you are in the Installer, quit it and boot into NetBSD in single-user
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mode. From there, 'cd' to the /tmp/etc directory and compare each file
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there with your old files in /etc. You will probably want to replace
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some of your system configuration files, or incorporate some of the
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changes in the new versions into yours. You should take note of the
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following when upgrading to the NetBSD _VER etc.tgz set:
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* The first file to pay attention to is /etc/rc.conf. This file did not
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exist under NetBSD 1.2, but it is used to configure the rc scripts
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under NetBSD _VER. Edit the file to your preferences, making sure
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that you change the line that says:
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rc_configured=NO
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to read:
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rc_configured=YES
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This will enable all of the options you have configured in /etc/rc.conf.
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* The next important item to take note of is the new networking
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configuration files. If you currently have an /etc/hostname.xxN file
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(fill in the xx with either ae or sn and the X with a number), you will
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need to convert it into an ifconfig.xxN file before networking
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automatically works. The format for the new file is simply the
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arguments which you would give to ifconfig on the command line. The
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following is an example of the minimal ifconfig.xxN file:
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inet hostname.domain.dom netmask 0xffffff00
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Read the ifconfig(8) man page for more details on arguments to ifconfig.
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Be sure to set
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auto_ifconfig=YES
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in /etc/rc.conf to ensure that your network interfaces will be brought
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up automatically on boot.
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* Several of the options given to many of the file systems have changed,
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and some of the file systems have changed names. IT IS IMPERATIVE THAT
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YOU CHANGE ANY INSTANCES OF "ufs" IN /etc/fstab TO "ffs". To find out
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more about different filesystem options, read the man page for the
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associated mount command (e.g. mount_mfs(8) for MFS filesystems; note:
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FFS type filesystems are documented in the mount(8) man page). If you
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have not already done so, you may also need to correct /etc/fstab for
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a shift in the partition numbering scheme. See step (4) above for more
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details.
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* You will also probably want to upgrade your device nodes at this time
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as well. Make sure you have installed the latest MAKEDEV script (it
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should be included in the etc set) and perform the following commands:
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cd /dev
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sh MAKEDEV all
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7) A number of binaries have changed their locations from NetBSD 1.2.1 to
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NetBSD _VER (most of these have moved from /sbin to /usr/sbin). A few
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binaries have been removed. It is probably best if you scan the
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modification dates of the files in the /sbin directory. If there are
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files in the directory which have newer counterparts in the /usr/sbin
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directory, it is a very good idea to remove the older files (you will
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probably run into difficulties later if you choose not to do this).
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You should also check the /sbin, /bin, /usr/bin/, and /usr/sbin
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directories for old binaries that are no longer part of the NetBSD
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distribution and delete them as well. In general, all the files in a
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particular distribution should have similar modification dates, so
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looking at these is a good way of determining a file's age.
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8) Run 'fsck -f' to make sure that your filesystem is still consistent. If
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fsck reports any errors, fix them by answering 'y' to its suggested
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solutions (note: if there are a large number of errors, you may wish
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to stop and run 'fsck -fy' to automatically answer "yes" instead).
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9) Exit from single-user mode and it should continue to boot into
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multi-user mode.
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At this point you have successfully upgraded to NetBSD _VER.
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