1800 lines
52 KiB
Plaintext
1800 lines
52 KiB
Plaintext
.\" $NetBSD: sysinst,v 1.88 2008/02/06 01:57:31 jnemeth Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1999-2004 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the NetBSD
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.\" Foundation, Inc. and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its
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.\" contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
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.\" from this software without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
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.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
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.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
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.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
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.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
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.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
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.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
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.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
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.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
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.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
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.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.
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.
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.
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.\" Define strings for partition references:
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.\" \*[part_raw] `raw' partition (usually `c' or `d')
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.\" \*[part_free] first "free" partition (usually part_raw+1)
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.\" \*[part_usr] default "/usr" partition (usually part_free)
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.\" \*[part_max] last partition (usually `h' or `p')
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.
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.ds part_raw c
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.ds part_free d
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.ds part_usr d
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.ds part_max h
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.if \n[arc]:\n[bebox]:\n[cobalt]:\n[hpcarm]:\n[hpcmips]:\n[i386]:\
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\n[sbmips]:\n[sh3eb]:\n[sh3el]:\n[x86_64] \{\
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. ds part_raw d
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. ds part_free e
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. ds part_usr e
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.\}
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.if \n[sgimips] \{\
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. ds part_free e
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. ds part_usr e
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.\}
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.if \n[amiga]:\n[amigappc]:\n[arc]:\n[atari]:\n[cobalt]:\n[evbmips]:\
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\n[evbppc]:\n[hp700]:\n[hpcmips]:\n[i386]:\n[macppc]:\n[ofppc]:\
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\n[playstation2]:\n[sandpoint]:\n[sbmips]:\n[sgimips]:\n[x86_64] \{\
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. ds part_max p
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.\}
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.if \n[acorn26]:\n[acorn32]:\n[cats]:\n[evbarm]:\n[evbppc]:\n[ews4800mips]:\
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\n[sandpoint]:\n[shark] \{\
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. ds part_usr e
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.\}
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.if \n[macppc]:\n[news68k]:\n[newsmips]:\n[sparc]:\n[sparc64] \{\
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. ds part_usr g
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.\}
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.
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.
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.Ss2 Running the sysinst installation program
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.(enum
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.To 2 Introduction
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.Em Introduction
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.Pp
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Using
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.Ic sysinst ,
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installing
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.Nx
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is a relatively easy process.
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You still should read this document and have it in hand when doing the
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installation process.
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This document tries to be a good guideline for the installation and as such
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covers many details for the sake of completeness.
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Do not let this discourage you; the install program is not hard
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to use.
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.
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.if !\n[acorn26]:\n[acorn32]:\n[atari]:\n[ews4800mips]:\n[hp700]:\n[mac68k]:\n[macppc]:\n[mvme68k]:\n[news68k]:\n[newsmips]:\n[pmax]:\n[sgimips]:\n[sparc]:\n[sparc64]:\n[x68k] \{\
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.It
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.To 2 "Possible hardware problems"
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.Em Possible hardware problems
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.Pp
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Should you encounter hardware problems during installation, try
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rebooting after unplugging removable devices you don't need for
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installation.
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Non-removable devices can be disabled with
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.Ic userconf
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(use
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.Ic boot
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.Fl c
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to enter it).
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.\} \" !\n[acorn26]:\n[acorn32]:\n[atari]:\n[ews4800mips]:\n[hp700]:\n[mac68k]\:[macppc]:\n[mvme68k]:\n[news68k]:\n[newsmips]:\n[pmax]:\n[sgimips]:\n[sparc]:\n[sparc64]:\n[x68k]
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.if \n[mac68k] \{\
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.It
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.To 2 "Possible hardware-specific issues"
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.Em Possible hardware-specific issues
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.(bullet
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.Em SCSI driver problems
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.Pp
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The SCSI driver used in the kernel on many older Macintosh systems is, by
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default, the ncrscsi driver.
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It contains a recognized but as yet unfixed bug that affects some
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disk drive/controller combinations, usually Quantum disks.
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Under heavy load these systems may hang or corrupt
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the file system; or, you may experience frequent
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.Em Segmentation fault
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and
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.Em Illegal instruction
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errors that may or may not be consistently repeatable.
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This latter condition is particularly prevalent on systems with
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minimal RAM installed.
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.Pp
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If either of these problems occur on your system you are advised to use the
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SBC variants of the Kernel and Installation Kernel.
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However, be aware that this issue does not affect
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e.g. Centris or Quadra systems.
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.Pp
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.It
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.Em The 68LC040 processor
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.Pp
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.Nx
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has known but unresolved problems running on the 68LC040 processor, the
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variant of the 68040 that does not contain the floating point unit (FPU).
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The kernel is thus forced to emulate the missing operations in software.
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Unfortunately the 68LC040 processor has a design problem that causes
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the emulation to fail intermittently.
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We hope to provide a solution for this issue in a future
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.Nx
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release.
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.Pp
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Software emulation of floating point operations is
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not a problem on the 68020 and 68030 processors.
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.bullet)
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.\} \" \n[mac68k]
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.It
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.To 2 General
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.Em General
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.Pp
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The following is a walk-through of the steps you will take while
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getting
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.Nx
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installed on your hard disk.
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.Ic sysinst
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is a menu driven
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installation system that allows for some freedom in doing the
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installation.
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Sometimes, questions will be asked and in many cases
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the default answer will be displayed in brackets
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.Pq Dq \&[\ ]
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after the question.
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If you wish to stop the installation, you may press
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.Key CONTROL-C
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at any time, but if you do, you'll have to begin the installation
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process again from scratch by running the
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.Pa /sysinst
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program from the command prompt.
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It is not necessary to reboot.
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.It
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.To 2 "Quick install"
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.Em Quick install
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.Pp
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First, let's describe a quick install.
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The other sections of this document go into the installation procedure in more
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detail, but you may find that you do not need this.
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If you want detailed instructions, skip to the next section.
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This section describes a basic installation, using a CD-ROM install as
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an example.
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.Pp
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.(bullet
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What you need.
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.(bullet
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The distribution sets (in this example, they are on CD).
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.if !\n[pmax]:\n[sgimips]:\n[sparc64] \{\
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.It
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.ie \n[alpha] Three floppy disks.
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.el \{\
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.ie \n[ews4800mips] Two floppy disks.
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.el \{\
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.ie \n[hp700] \{\
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The
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.Pa netinstall.lif
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volume on a netboot server as described above.
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.\}
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.el \{\
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.ie \n[i386] Two 1.44 MB 3.5" floppy disks if the CD is not bootable or if you cannot boot from CD.
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.el \{\
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.ie \n[mac68k] The Mac OS Booter application and an Installation Kernel
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.el \{\
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.ie \n[acorn26]:\n[cats]:\n[evbppc]:\n[macppc]:\n[sparc] \{\
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Some form of bootable media, described above.
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.\}
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.el \{\
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.ie \n[atari] \{\
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A floppy disk containing a suitable boot.fs and a floppy with the
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sysinst.fs image.
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See the "prepare" section about obtaining those.
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.\}
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.el One 1.44 MB 3.5" floppy.
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.\}\}\}\}\}\}
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.\} \" !\n[pmax]:\n[sgimips]:\n[sparc64]
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.if \n[i386] \{\
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.It
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A PC with a 386 or newer processor.
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.\} \" \n[i386]
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.if \n[mac68k] \{\
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.It
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A Macintosh with a 68020 and MMU, 68030 or 68RC040 processor.
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An FPU is not required but will be used if present
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(but see the note above regarding the 68LC040).
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.\}
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.It
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A CD-ROM drive
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.ie \n[acorn26]:\n[atari]:\n[alpha]:\n[cats]:\n[evbppc]:\n[i386]:\n[macppc]:\n[sparc64] (SCSI or ATAPI),
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.el (SCSI),
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a hard disk and a minimum of
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.if \n[acorn26] 8 MB
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.if \n[alpha] 32 MB
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.if \n[atari] 4 MB (TT030/Falcon) or 16 MB (Hades/Milan)
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.if \n[cats] 8 MB
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.if \n[ews4800mips] 16 MB
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.if \n[hp700] 32 MB
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.if \n[i386] 4 MB
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.if \n[mac68k] 8 MB
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.if \n[macppc] 16 MB
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.if \n[mvme68k] 4 MB
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.if \n[news68k] 4 MB
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.if \n[newsmips] 16 MB
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.if \n[pmax] 8 MB
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.if \n[sparc] 4 MB
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.if \n[sparc64] 16 MB
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.if \n[sgimips] 16 MB
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of memory installed.
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.It
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The hard disk should have at least
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.if \n[acorn26] 200
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.if \n[alpha] 200
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.if \n[atari] 120
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.if \n[cats] 200
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.if \n[ews4800mips] 200
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.if \n[hp700] 200
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.if \n[i386] 200
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.if \n[mac68k] 120
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.if \n[macppc] 200
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.if \n[mvme68k] 100
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.if \n[news68k] 100
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.if \n[newsmips] 200
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.if \n[pmax] 200
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.if \n[sparc] 200
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.if \n[sparc64] 200
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.if \n[sgimips] 200
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+
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.Em n
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megabytes of
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space free, where
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.Em n
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is the number of megabytes of
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main memory in your system.
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If you wish to install the X Window System as well, you will need at least
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120 MB more.
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.bullet)
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.if \n[alpha]:\n[ews4800mips]:\n[i386]:\n[news68k]:\n[newsmips] \{\
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.It
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Creating the boot floppies.
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You can create the floppies needed for installation
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under
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.Tn MS-DOS
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or
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.Tn Windows .
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Supposing your 1.44 MB floppy
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drive is drive A:, and your CD is drive E: do the
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following from an
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.Tn MS-DOS
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command prompt:
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.Pp
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.Dl Ic "e:"
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.Dl Ic "cd \eNetBSD-\*V\ei386\einstallation\emisc"
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.Dl Ic "rawrite"
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.Pp
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When asked for a source filename, answer
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.if \n[ews4800mips]:\n[i386]:\n[newsmips] \{\
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.Dl Pa \&..\efloppy\eboot1.fs
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for the first diskette and
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.Dl Pa \&..\efloppy\eboot2.fs
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for the second diskette.
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.\}
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.if \n[alpha] .Dl Em \&(...alpha installation root) Ns Pa \efloppy\edisk1of3
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.if \n[news68k] .Dl Pa \eNetBSD-\*V\e\*M\einstallation\efloppy\eboot.fs
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.Pp
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When asked for a destination drive answer
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.Sq Ic a .
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.It
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To create a bootfloppy under
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.Nx
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or other
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.Ul
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system, you would type something like:
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.Pp
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.Dl # Ic "dd if=.../boot1.fs of=/dev/rfd0a bs=18k"
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.Pp
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.\} \" \n[alpha]:\n[ews4800mips]:\n[i386]:\n[news68k]:\n[newsmips]
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.if \n[mac68k] \{\
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.It
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The NetBSD Boot Tools folder.
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.(bullet
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Create a Folder on your Mac OS disk for the
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.Nx*M
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components.
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.It
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Copy the Booter application into the newly created Folder.
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Expand the file if necessary to create the Mac OS executable.
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.It
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Copy the Installation Kernels into the newly created Folder.
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It is not necessary to
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.Ic gunzip
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compressed kernel files.
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.It
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Single-click on the Booter application icon then select the "Get Info"
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from the File Menu list.
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Increase the memory allocation for the Booter to as much as possible
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for your system.
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Having a large number of fonts, extensions or sounds installed on your system
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can cause memory exhaustion problems for the Booter if you don't do this.
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Also, the extra memory is needed by the Booter to expand compressed
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kernels while booting.
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.bullet)
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.\}
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.It
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The Quick Installation
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.(bullet
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.ie \n[acorn26]:\n[atari]:\n[cats]:\n[evbppc]:\n[hp700]:\n[macppc]:\n[pmax]:\n[sgimips]:\n[sparc]:\n[sparc64] \{\
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Boot the system as described above.
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You should be at the
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.Ic sysinst
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main menu.
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.\}
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.el \{\
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.ie \n[mac68k] \{\
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Double-click on the Booter application icon to start executing it.
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From the
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.Ic Options
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pull-down menu, select
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.Ic Monitors ,
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then select
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.Ic Change Monitor Depth
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and make sure B\*&W is highlighted.
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Close the window using the
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.Ic Close
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button.
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.It
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From the
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.Ic Options
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pull-down menu select
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.Ic Boot Options .
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This will bring
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up an option panel.
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Set the
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.Ic Auto-set GMT Bias
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checkbox in the lower left and then select the
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.Ic Boot from Mac OS
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option at the top of the window.
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The
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.Ic Set
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button on the right will become active.
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Use it to locate and
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select the Installation Kernel file appropriate for your hardware.
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This will be either
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.Pa netbsd-INSTALL.gz
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or
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.Pa netbsd-INSTALLSBC.gz .
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Close the window using the
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.Ic Close
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button.
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.It
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From the
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.Ic Options
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pull-down menu select the
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.Ic Boot Now ,
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or use the Apple-B (Command-B) key combination to start the
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.Nx
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boot process.
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Do not move the mouse while the boot operation is in
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progress as this may leave the keyboard locked to
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.Nx .
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.Pp
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The main menu will be displayed.
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.\} \" \n[mac68k]
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.el \{\
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Insert the first boot floppy you just created.
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.ie \n[i386] Restart
|
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.el Boot
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the computer.
|
|
.if \n[alpha] \{\
|
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Type
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.Pp
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.Dl \&\*>\*>\*> Ic "B DVA0"
|
|
.Pp
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|
.\}
|
|
.if \n[ews4800mips] \{\
|
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Change boot device to floppy on the PROM menu which is invoked by
|
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pressing ESC key right after hardware checks, and boot the computer again.
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|
.\}
|
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.if \n[i386] When prompted, insert the second boot floppy.
|
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.if \n[news68k] \{\
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Type
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.Pp
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|
.Dl \&NEWS\*> Ic "bo fh"
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.Pp
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.\}
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.if \n[newsmips] \{\
|
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Type
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.Pp
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.Dl \&\*> Ic "bo fd" (in case of NWS-5000)
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.Pp
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or
|
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.Pp
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.Dl \&\*> Ic "bo fh" (in case of NWS-3xxx)
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.Pp
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.\}
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|
After language selection, the main menu will be displayed.
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|
.\}\}
|
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.(disp
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.if t .ne 10
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|
. cs \n(.f 22
|
|
.\" ) - appease vi showmatch
|
|
.***********************************************.
|
|
*\h'|0' * NetBSD-\*V Install System
|
|
* *
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*\*[Gt]a: Install NetBSD to hard disk *
|
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* b: Upgrade NetBSD on a hard disk *
|
|
* c: Re-install sets or install additional sets *
|
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* d: Reboot the computer *
|
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* e: Utility menu *
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* x: Exit Install System *
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.***********************************************.
|
|
. cs \n(.f
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|
.\" ) - appease vi showmatch
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|
.disp)
|
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.It
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|
If you wish, you can configure some network settings
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|
immediately by choosing the
|
|
.Me Utility menu
|
|
and then
|
|
.Me Configure network .
|
|
It isn't actually required at this point, but
|
|
it may be more convenient.
|
|
Go back to the main menu.
|
|
.It
|
|
Choose
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.if !\n[macppc] .Me install .
|
|
.if \n[macppc] \{\
|
|
.Me "Utility menu" No then Me "Run /bin/sh"
|
|
for Open Firmware 3 systems. You'll need to create the
|
|
.Nx
|
|
filesystem(s) and an
|
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.Pa fstab .
|
|
Now exit the shell, return to the main menu, and choose
|
|
.Me "Re-install" .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Choose
|
|
.Me install
|
|
for Open Firmware 1.0.5, 1.1.22, 2.0.x, and 2.4 systems.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.It
|
|
You will be guided through some steps regarding the
|
|
setup of your disk, and the selection of distributed components
|
|
to install.
|
|
When in doubt, refer to the rest of this document for details.
|
|
.if \n[atari] \{\
|
|
WARNING: If you want your disk to retain an AHDI compatible partitioning,
|
|
make sure to use the 'existing' disk layout.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.if \n[sparc64] \{\
|
|
.Pp
|
|
WARNING: If you are installing onto a disk which you want to use with
|
|
.Tn Solaris ,
|
|
stop here. You will need to perform a manual installation as
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
overwrites the
|
|
.Tn Solaris
|
|
partition table. See the section on
|
|
.Sx "Manual Installation of NetBSD using Solaris"
|
|
.\}
|
|
.It
|
|
After your disk has been prepared, choose
|
|
.ie \n[sgimips] \{\
|
|
.Me Unmounted file system
|
|
as the medium.
|
|
The CD-ROM device is usually cd0 and the partition
|
|
.Sq a
|
|
.Pq i.e. cd0a .
|
|
.\}
|
|
.el \{\
|
|
.Me CD-ROM
|
|
as the medium.
|
|
The default values for the path and device should be ok.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.It
|
|
After all the files have been unpacked, go back to
|
|
the main menu and select
|
|
.ie \n[mac68k]:\n[macppc]:\n[pmax]:\n[sgimips]:\n[sparc]:\n[sparc64] \{\
|
|
.Me reboot.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.el \{\
|
|
.Me reboot ,
|
|
after you have removed the bootfloppy from the drive.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.It
|
|
.if \n[macppc]:\n[sparc64] \{\
|
|
Once the system reaches the Open Firmware prompt, you will need to type
|
|
the correct command to boot from your hard drive.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.if \n[sparc] \{\
|
|
Once the system reaches the PROM prompt, you will need to type the correct
|
|
command to boot from your hard drive.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.if \n[sgimips] \{\
|
|
Once the system reaches the PROM prompt, you will need to modify your
|
|
PROM environment settings for SystemPartition, OSLoadPartition, OSLoader,
|
|
OSLoadFilename and OSLoadOptions and then boot the hard drive.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.Nx
|
|
will now boot.
|
|
If you haven't already done so in
|
|
.Ic sysinst ,
|
|
you should log in as
|
|
.Li root ,
|
|
and set a password for that account.
|
|
You are also advised to edit the file
|
|
.Pa /etc/rc.conf
|
|
to match your system needs.
|
|
.It
|
|
Your installation is now complete.
|
|
.It
|
|
For configuring the X window system, if installed, see the files in
|
|
.Pa /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/doc .
|
|
.if !\n[macppc] \{\
|
|
Further information can be found on
|
|
.Lk http://www.xfree86.org/ .
|
|
.\}
|
|
.if \n[macppc] \{\
|
|
Further information can be found on
|
|
.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/ports/macppc/x11.html
|
|
.\}
|
|
.bullet)
|
|
.bullet)
|
|
.It
|
|
.To 2 "Booting NetBSD"
|
|
.Em Booting NetBSD
|
|
.
|
|
.ie \n[mac68k] \{\
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Prior to attempting to boot
|
|
.Nx*M
|
|
verify that all the following are done:
|
|
.(bullet
|
|
Enable 32-bit addressing in the Memory Control Panel [1].
|
|
.It
|
|
Disable all forms of virtual memory (the Memory Control Panel, RAM Doubler,
|
|
or other software-based memory enhancement products).
|
|
.It
|
|
Place the system in B\*&W Mode (1-bit color or grayscale) as shown in the
|
|
Monitors Control Panel or in the Monitors options dialog of the Booter.
|
|
You may choose to have the Booter do this for you automatically by selecting
|
|
the appropriate check box and radio button in the
|
|
.Ic Monitors
|
|
dialog on the
|
|
.Ic Options
|
|
menu.
|
|
.bullet)
|
|
.Pp
|
|
It is probably best to boot your machine with all extensions turned off [1].
|
|
You can do this by booting into Mac OS with the
|
|
.Key SHIFT
|
|
key held down.
|
|
You may have to restart your Macintosh for changes to take effect before
|
|
proceeding.
|
|
.(tag [1]
|
|
.It [1]
|
|
If your version of the Memory control panel does not have a 32-bit
|
|
addressing mode radio button, this means that your system is already
|
|
32-bit clean and is running in 32-bit addressing mode by default.
|
|
If the Booter complains that your are not in 32-bit mode, it may be necessary
|
|
for you to press the "Use Defaults" button in the Memory control panel to
|
|
restore 32-bit addressing.
|
|
You should probably reboot after doing so.
|
|
If you have an older II-class system (including the II, IIx, IIcx,
|
|
and SE/30), it is necessary to install Connectix's MODE32 to work around
|
|
ROM issues which prevent you from enabling 32-bit addressing.
|
|
Please see the
|
|
.Nx*M
|
|
FAQ at
|
|
.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/ports/mac68k/faq/
|
|
for more information.
|
|
.tag)
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Double-click on the
|
|
.Nx*M
|
|
Booter icon to start the application.
|
|
Select
|
|
.Ic Booting
|
|
from the
|
|
.Ic Options
|
|
menu.
|
|
Select the Kernel Location to be from Mac OS with the filename
|
|
corresponding to the name of the Installation Kernel you are using.
|
|
Typically this will be netbsd-INSTALL.gz.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If you haven't already put your Macintosh into B\*&W mode, select the
|
|
.Ic Monitor Options
|
|
from the
|
|
.Ic Options
|
|
menu and check the box for B\*&W mode.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Try booting
|
|
.Nx
|
|
by selecting
|
|
.Ic Boot Now
|
|
from the
|
|
.Ic Options
|
|
menu.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If the system does not come up, send mail to
|
|
.Mt port-mac68k@NetBSD.org
|
|
describing your software, your hardware, and as complete a description of
|
|
the problem as you can.
|
|
As an alternative, try using the Traditional
|
|
method of installation described in the next section.
|
|
.\} \" \n[mac68k]
|
|
.el \{\
|
|
.ie \n[acorn26]:\n[cats]:\n[evbppc]:\n[macppc]:\n[pmax]:\n[sgimips]:\n[sparc]:\n[sparc64] \{\
|
|
.Pp
|
|
You may want to read the
|
|
boot messages, to notice your disk's name and capacity.
|
|
Its name will be something like
|
|
.Li sd0
|
|
.if \n[acorn26]:\n[cats]:\n[evbppc]:\n[macppc]:\n[sparc64] \{\
|
|
or
|
|
.Li wd0
|
|
.\}
|
|
and the geometry will be
|
|
printed on a line that begins with its name.
|
|
As mentioned above, you may need your disk's geometry when creating
|
|
.Nx Ns 's
|
|
partitions.
|
|
You will also need to know the name, to tell
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
on which disk
|
|
to install.
|
|
The most important thing to know is that
|
|
.if \n[acorn26]:\n[cats]:\n[evbppc]:\n[macppc]:\n[sparc64] \{\
|
|
.Li wd0
|
|
is
|
|
.Nx Ns 's
|
|
name for your first IDE disk,
|
|
.Li wd1
|
|
the second, etc.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.Li sd0
|
|
is your first SCSI disk,
|
|
.Li sd1
|
|
the second, etc.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.el \{\
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.ie \n[atari] \{\
|
|
Boot the system as described in the "Booting the installer" section above.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.el \{\
|
|
Boot your machine.
|
|
The boot loader will start, and will print a countdown and begin booting.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If the boot loader messages do not appear in a reasonable
|
|
amount of time, you either have a bad boot floppy or a
|
|
hardware problem.
|
|
Try writing the install floppy image to
|
|
a different disk, and using that.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.if \n[i386] \{\
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If that doesn't work, try booting after disabling your CPU's
|
|
internal and external caches (if any).
|
|
If it still doesn't work,
|
|
.Nx
|
|
probably can't be run on your hardware.
|
|
This can probably be considered a bug, so you might want to report it.
|
|
If you do, please include as many details about your system
|
|
configuration as you can.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.Pp
|
|
It will take a while to load the kernel
|
|
.ie !\n[mac68k] \{\
|
|
from the floppy,
|
|
.\}
|
|
.el ,
|
|
probably around a minute or so, then, the kernel boot messages
|
|
will be displayed.
|
|
This may take a little while also, as
|
|
.Nx
|
|
will be probing your system to discover which hardware devices are
|
|
installed.
|
|
.if \n[atari]:\n[i386] \{\
|
|
You may want to read the
|
|
boot messages, to notice your disk's name and geometry.
|
|
Its name will be something like
|
|
.Li sd0
|
|
or
|
|
.Li wd0
|
|
and the geometry will be
|
|
printed on a line that begins with its name.
|
|
As mentioned above, you may need your disk's geometry when creating
|
|
.Nx Ns 's
|
|
partitions.
|
|
You will also need to know the name, to tell
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
on which disk
|
|
to install.
|
|
.\}
|
|
The most important thing to know is that
|
|
.Li wd0
|
|
is
|
|
.Nx Ns 's
|
|
name for your first IDE disk,
|
|
.Li wd1
|
|
the second, etc.
|
|
.Li sd0
|
|
is your first SCSI disk,
|
|
.Li sd1
|
|
the second, etc.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.if !\n[atari]:\n[mac68k] \{\
|
|
Note that once the system has finished booting, you need not
|
|
leave the floppy in the disk drive.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.\}\}
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Once
|
|
.Nx
|
|
has booted and printed all the boot messages,
|
|
you will be presented with a welcome message and a main menu.
|
|
It will also include instructions for using the menus.
|
|
.It
|
|
.To 2 "Network configuration"
|
|
.Em Network configuration
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If you will not use network operation during the installation,
|
|
but you do want your machine to be configured for networking once
|
|
it is installed, you should first go to the
|
|
.Me Utility menu ,
|
|
and select the
|
|
.Me Configure network
|
|
option.
|
|
If you only want to temporarily
|
|
use networking during the installation, you can specify these
|
|
parameters later.
|
|
If you are not using the Domain Name System (DNS),
|
|
you can give an empty response in reply to answers relating to
|
|
this.
|
|
.if \n[mac68k] \{\
|
|
.It
|
|
.To 2 "Preparing a disk for Mac OS and NetBSD"
|
|
.Em "Preparing a disk for"
|
|
.Tn Mac OS
|
|
.Em and NetBSD
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
can manipulate the Apple Disk Partition Map allowing you to partition
|
|
your disk for use with
|
|
.Nx .
|
|
It does not support resizing existing
|
|
.Tn Mac OS
|
|
HFS disk partitions.
|
|
If there is insufficient Free space on the disk to support an installation of
|
|
.Nx
|
|
you will need to backup, repartition and restore your existing
|
|
.Tn Mac OS
|
|
partitions before proceeding.
|
|
You may choose to use a Traditional method of creating disk partitions for
|
|
.Nx
|
|
if you wish.
|
|
They can still be used by
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
for a
|
|
.Nx
|
|
installation.
|
|
.\} \" \n[mac68k]
|
|
.if \n[macppc] \{\
|
|
.It
|
|
.To 2 "Preparing a disk for Open Firmware 3 systems"
|
|
.Em "Preparing a disk which will be used for Open Firmware 3 systems"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Skip this step if you are installing
|
|
.Nx
|
|
on an Open Firmware 1 or 2 system.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Go to the
|
|
.Me "Utility Menu" ,
|
|
and select the
|
|
.Me "Run /bin/sh"
|
|
option which will give you a shell prompt.
|
|
From this shell prompt, you will do some of the steps that the normal
|
|
install procedure runs automatically.
|
|
Unfortunately, at the moment, our install tools
|
|
aren't smart enough to deal with drives with Apple Partition Maps
|
|
and will overwrite important information describing your partitions.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
You may need to type one of the following commands to get your delete key
|
|
to work properly, depending on your keyboard:
|
|
.Dl # Ic "stty erase '^h'"
|
|
.Dl # Ic "stty erase '^?'"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Type the following command (replacing
|
|
.Pa wd0
|
|
with the name of your destination hard drive):
|
|
.Dl # Ic "disklabel wd0"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
This will print out the partition info that was generated by
|
|
.Ic pdisk ,
|
|
Drive Setup, or Disk Utility. Note that, as discussed above in the
|
|
.Sx Partitioning your hard drive for NetBSD
|
|
section, your
|
|
.Em "A/UX Root"
|
|
typically is the first partition
|
|
.Pq Em a
|
|
and your
|
|
.Em "A/UX Swap"
|
|
typically is the second partition
|
|
.Pq Em b .
|
|
You may also find that your
|
|
.Em "A/UX User"
|
|
partition is the seventh partition
|
|
.Pq Em g .
|
|
For example:
|
|
.(disp
|
|
.Dl # Ic "disklabel wd0"
|
|
[...]
|
|
# size offset fstype [fsize bsize cpg/sgs]
|
|
a: 426613 837432 4.2BSD 0 0 0 # (Cyl. 1622*- 2449*)
|
|
b: 204800 632632 swap # (Cyl. 1226*- 1622*)
|
|
c: 2134305 0 unused 0 0 # (Cyl. 0 - 4136*)
|
|
d: 426616 1216 HFS # (Cyl. 2*- 829*)
|
|
e: 204800 427832 HFS # (Cyl. 829*- 1226*)
|
|
f: 21 2134284 unknown # (Cyl. 4136*- 4136*)
|
|
g: 870239 1264045 4.2BSD 0 0 0 # (Cyl. 2449*- 4136*)
|
|
disklabel: boot block size 0
|
|
disklabel: super block size 0
|
|
.disp)
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Now, you need to create file systems on the partitions that
|
|
.Nx
|
|
will be using.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Em "Do not modify any partitions labeled"
|
|
.Pa HFS ,
|
|
.Pa UFS ,
|
|
.Em or
|
|
.Pa unknown .
|
|
The partitions you will be using have their
|
|
.Pa fstype
|
|
listed as
|
|
.Pa 4.2BSD .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Run the
|
|
.Ic newfs
|
|
command on the
|
|
.Pa 4.2BSD
|
|
partitions:
|
|
.(disp
|
|
.Dl # Ic "newfs /dev/wd0a"
|
|
newfs: /dev/wd0a: not a character-special device
|
|
Warning: 120 sector(s) in last cylinder unallocated
|
|
/dev/wd0a: 426612 sectors in 827 cylinders of 4 tracks, 129 sectors
|
|
208.3MB in 52 cyl groups (16 c/g, 4.03MB/g, 1024 i/g)
|
|
super-block backups (for fsck -b #) at:
|
|
32, 8432, 16832, 25232, 33056, 41456, 49856, 58256, 66080,
|
|
74480, 82880, 91280, 99104, 107504, 115904, 124304, 132128, 140528,
|
|
148928, 157328, 165152, 173552, 181952, 190352, 198176, 206576, 214976,
|
|
223376, 231200, 239600, 248000, 256400, 264224, 272624, 281024, 289424,
|
|
297248, 305648, 314048, 322448, 330272, 338672, 347072, 355472, 363296,
|
|
371696, 380096, 388496, 396320, 404720, 413120, 421520,
|
|
newfs: ioctl (WDINFO): Invalid argument
|
|
newfs: /dev/wd0a: can't rewrite disk label
|
|
.disp)
|
|
You can ignore the
|
|
.Pa Sq "not a character-special device" ,
|
|
.Pa Sq "sector(s) in last cylinder unallocated" ,
|
|
.Pa Sq "ioctl (WDINFO): Invalid argument" ,
|
|
and
|
|
.Pa Sq "can't rewrite disk label"
|
|
warnings.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Now you need to mount your destination root partition:
|
|
.Dl # Ic "mount /dev/wd0a /mnt"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Make an
|
|
.Pa fstab
|
|
file for your new system (right now, you only really need to include
|
|
.Pa / ,
|
|
.Pa /usr ,
|
|
and
|
|
.Pa swap ) ,
|
|
for example:
|
|
.Dl # Ic "mkdir /mnt/etc"
|
|
.Dl # Ic "cat \*> /mnt/etc/fstab"
|
|
.Dl "/dev/wd0a / ffs rw 1 1"
|
|
.Dl "/dev/wd0b none swap sw 0 0"
|
|
.Dl "/dev/wd0g /usr ffs rw 1 2"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If you mess up while typing, you can press
|
|
.Key CONTROL-U
|
|
to erase everything on the current line, or
|
|
.Key CONTROL-C
|
|
to cancel the file creation, so you can start over.
|
|
.Key CONTROL-D
|
|
finishes and writes the file to disk.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Great, now create the mountpoints for the file systems you listed in the
|
|
.Pa fstab :
|
|
.Dl # Ic "mkdir /mnt/usr"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Clean up and return to
|
|
.Ic sysinst :
|
|
.Dl # Ic "cd /"
|
|
.Dl # Ic "umount /mnt"
|
|
.Dl # Ic exit
|
|
.\} \" \n[macppc]
|
|
.It
|
|
.To 2 "Installation drive selection and parameters"
|
|
.Em Installation drive selection and parameters
|
|
.Pp
|
|
To start the
|
|
.if \n[macppc] \{\
|
|
installation onto a dedicated
|
|
.Nx
|
|
drive (Open Firmware 1 or 2),
|
|
.\}
|
|
.if !\n[macppc] installation,
|
|
select
|
|
.Me Install NetBSD to hard disk
|
|
from the main menu.
|
|
.if \n[mac68k] \{\
|
|
To start the installation, select the menu option in install
|
|
.Nx
|
|
from the main menu.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.if \n[macppc] \{\
|
|
To start the installation onto a drive with an Apple Partition Map (Open
|
|
Firmware 3), select
|
|
.Me Re-install sets or install additional sets
|
|
from the main menu.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The first thing is to identify the disk on which you want to
|
|
install
|
|
.Nx .
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
will report a list of disks it finds
|
|
and ask you for your selection.
|
|
Depending on how many disks are found, you may get a different message.
|
|
You should see disk names like
|
|
.ie \n[pmax] \{\
|
|
.Li rz0
|
|
or
|
|
.Li rz1
|
|
.\}
|
|
.el \{\
|
|
.if \n[acorn26]:\n[alpha]:\n[cats]:\n[i386]:\n[mac68k]:\n[macppc]:\n[sparc64] \{\
|
|
.Li wd0 ,
|
|
.Li wd1 ,
|
|
.\}
|
|
.Li sd0
|
|
or
|
|
.Li sd1 .
|
|
.if \n[i386] \{\
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
next tries to figure out the real and BIOS geometry
|
|
of your disk.
|
|
It will present you with the values it found,
|
|
if any, and will give you a chance to change them.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.if \n[mac68k] \{\
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
next tries to figure out how the selected volume has been partitioned.
|
|
It does this by reading the Apple Disk Partition Map from the disk.
|
|
If the disk does not have a Partition Map,
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
will give you the option of writing one, but doing so will not make
|
|
the disk a Mac OS bootable volume.
|
|
You will have the option of creating HFS partitions that may be
|
|
subsequently initialized and used under Mac OS though.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.if \n[i386] \{\
|
|
Next, depending on whether you are using a
|
|
.Li wd Ns Ar X
|
|
or
|
|
.Li sd Ns Ar X
|
|
disk,
|
|
you will either be asked for the type of disk
|
|
.Pq Li wd Ns Ar X
|
|
you are
|
|
using or you will be asked if you want to specify a fake geometry
|
|
for your SCSI disk
|
|
.Pq Li sd Ns Ar X .
|
|
The types of disk are
|
|
.Tn IDE, ST-506
|
|
or
|
|
.Tn ESDI .
|
|
If you're installing on an
|
|
.Tn ST-506
|
|
or
|
|
.Tn ESDI
|
|
drive, you'll be asked if your disk supports automatic sector forwarding.
|
|
If you are
|
|
.Em sure
|
|
that it does, reply affirmatively.
|
|
Otherwise, the install program will automatically reserve space for
|
|
bad144 tables.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.if \n[macppc] \{\
|
|
If
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
reports
|
|
.Dl "I can not find any hard disk for use by NetBSD"
|
|
or the drive you wish to install onto is missing, then you should look at
|
|
the FAQ entry
|
|
.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/ports/macppc/faq.html#nodisk
|
|
.\}
|
|
.\}
|
|
.It
|
|
.To 2 "Partitioning the disk"
|
|
.Em Partitioning the disk
|
|
.if \n[atari] \{\
|
|
.(bullet
|
|
Preparing a disk which will be used for
|
|
.Tn GEM
|
|
and
|
|
.Nx .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
You will be prompted if you want an AHDI compatible partitioning on your disk.
|
|
If you are installing
|
|
.Nx
|
|
on a dedicated drive, just answer 'no' and skip to the next section.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If you answer 'yes', the
|
|
.Ic ahdilabel
|
|
program is started.
|
|
You can now change the AHDI partition ID's on your root disk.
|
|
Because NetBSD imposes a special ordering in disk partitions it uses
|
|
for / (root) and swap.
|
|
Also, because it wants to guard you against an unwanted
|
|
demolition of partitions used by other systems, you have to tell it what
|
|
partitions it is allowed to use.
|
|
You have to mark the partition you want to use as swap SWP or
|
|
(deprecated!) NBS and the other partitions as NBD.
|
|
Note that all the changes you make to the ID's are reversible as long as
|
|
you remember the original value.
|
|
ahdilabel is capable of creating or changing an
|
|
AHDI compatible partitioning on the disk, and
|
|
in the partition-ID editor, the partitions are shown in the order that AHDI
|
|
created them.
|
|
When you leave this editor and continue with
|
|
.Ic sysinst,
|
|
your changes to the ID's do have consequences to the partition order!
|
|
They will show up as follows:
|
|
.(tag 13n -offset indent
|
|
.It Li a
|
|
the first NBD partition
|
|
.It Li b
|
|
the first SWP (or NBS) partition
|
|
.It Li d (and up)
|
|
the rest of the partitions in AHDI order
|
|
.tag)
|
|
.bullet)
|
|
.\} \" \n[atari]
|
|
.if \n[macppc] \{\
|
|
.Pp
|
|
You can skip a few steps, down to
|
|
.Em Sq "Getting the distribution sets" ,
|
|
if you are installing onto a drive with an Apple Partition Map (Open
|
|
Firmware 3), i.e. you selected
|
|
.Me "Re-install sets or install additional sets"
|
|
from the main menu.
|
|
.\} \" \n[macppc]
|
|
.if \n[sgimips] \{\
|
|
.(bullet
|
|
Please note that shared installs of
|
|
.Tn IRIX
|
|
and
|
|
.Nx
|
|
on the same drive have not been tested, and as such may cause problems
|
|
or may not work. It is
|
|
.Em strongly
|
|
recommended that all data is backed before attempting such installs.
|
|
.bullet)
|
|
.\} \" \n[sgimips]
|
|
.if !\n[atari]:\n[macppc]:\n[sgimips] \{\
|
|
.(bullet
|
|
Which portion of the disk to use.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
You will be asked if you want to use the entire disk or
|
|
only part of the disk.
|
|
If you decide to use the entire disk for
|
|
.Nx ,
|
|
it will be checked if there are already other
|
|
systems present on the disk, and you will be asked to confirm
|
|
whether you want to overwrite these.
|
|
.if \n[mac68k] \{\
|
|
.It
|
|
Definition of the NetBSD disklabel.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The Apple Disk Partition Map is used to create an in-core map of the
|
|
disk called the disklabel.
|
|
A minimum of two NetBSD partitions will be required,
|
|
one for root and one for swap.
|
|
Up to eight partitions may be used by NetBSD.
|
|
Up to 32 partitions may exist on the disk which
|
|
can be any combination of Mac OS HFS, Free, Scratch and
|
|
.Nx
|
|
partitions, although only the first eight which meet the needs of
|
|
.Nx
|
|
will be seen and mapped to the
|
|
.Nx
|
|
disklabel.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Some partitions in the disklabel have a fixed purpose.
|
|
Partition 'a' is always the root partition, 'b' is the swap partition
|
|
and 'c' is the entire disk.
|
|
Partitions 'd' through 'h' are available for other use.
|
|
Traditionally, 'g' is the partition mounted on the /usr directory, but
|
|
this is historical practice, not a fixed value.
|
|
.It
|
|
Editing the
|
|
.Nx
|
|
Disklabel (and the underlying Apple Disk Partition Map).
|
|
.Pp
|
|
You will be presented with the current layout of the disk as seen by
|
|
.Nx ,
|
|
and given a change to change it.
|
|
(Even though
|
|
.Nx
|
|
can only use the first eight qualified partitions, all partitions
|
|
found on the disk will be displayed.)
|
|
The partitions found on the disk will be shown in the top section of
|
|
the display.
|
|
Each will be identified with the name assigned by
|
|
.Nx ,
|
|
the current size, offset, type, use and mount point.
|
|
The partition currently being modified will be highlighted in inverse video.
|
|
The bottom part of the display will list the operations which may be
|
|
performed on the selected (highlighted) partition.
|
|
The options are:
|
|
.(bullet
|
|
Select next partition
|
|
.Pp
|
|
This highlights the next partition in the upper display list and makes it
|
|
the current one selected for manipulation.
|
|
.It
|
|
Change selected partition
|
|
.Pp
|
|
This changes the type assigned to the partition.
|
|
A partition may be assigned for use as a
|
|
.Nx
|
|
Root, SWAP, Usr, or Root&Usr; it may be assigned for use as a Mac OS HFS
|
|
partition; a Scratch (for later reassignment); or a Free partition.
|
|
Free partitions which are physically adjacent to each other will be collapsed
|
|
into a single Free partition.
|
|
.It
|
|
Set mount point for partition
|
|
.Pp
|
|
This designates the
|
|
.Nx
|
|
file system mount point for the partition, and gets transferred into
|
|
the /etc/fstab definition so
|
|
.Nx
|
|
knows where to mount the file system on subsequent boots.
|
|
The option only applies to
|
|
.Nx
|
|
Root, Usr, Root&Usr or Mac OS HFS partitions, although currently HFS access
|
|
is not supported without optional software components.
|
|
A common set of predefined mount points (/usr, /home, /var, /tmp or None)
|
|
will be presented to you to assist you in defining the most commonly used,
|
|
but you may enter you own names if you choose.
|
|
Selecting "None" will clear the mount point name and keep the partition
|
|
from being defined in the resulting
|
|
.Pa /etc/fstab
|
|
file.
|
|
.It
|
|
Split selected partition
|
|
.Pp
|
|
This option divides the selected partition into two separate partitions
|
|
if there is space available in the Disk Partition Map.
|
|
You will be prompted for the size of the first segment and the remaining
|
|
portion will be allocated to the second segment.
|
|
The first segment will be designated as a Scratch type, and the second
|
|
will be designated as a Free type.
|
|
To clear a split, or remerge two adjacent partitions into a
|
|
single one, change both to be Free types.
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
will merge them and update the display.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
This is the primary option used to partition the disk since it allows
|
|
you to sub-divide the selected partition into two partitions.
|
|
Changing the types associated with the resulting two parts, or splitting the
|
|
second part further sub-divides the original partition.
|
|
.It
|
|
Page Up, Page Down
|
|
.Pp
|
|
These entries allow you to scroll the upper display if more than
|
|
eight partitions currently exist on the disk.
|
|
.It
|
|
Fix selected partition
|
|
.Pp
|
|
This option reviews the partition's size and starting address and fixes
|
|
the values if they overlap any adjacent partition.
|
|
This is primarily a debugging option and shouldn't be necessary during a
|
|
normal installation.
|
|
However, some 3rd party disk formatters have been known to create
|
|
bogus entries in the Apple Disk Partition Map, and this option can aid
|
|
is repairing these entries.
|
|
.It
|
|
Exit
|
|
.Pp
|
|
This option completes the disk partitioning and returns you to the
|
|
previous installation menu.
|
|
At that point you will be given one last opportunity to bail out before
|
|
committing the changes to the Disk Partition Map recorded on the disk.
|
|
.bullet)
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It
|
|
Recommended approach to partitioning
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The simplest method of approaching disk partitioning with
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
is to convert everything that can be used for
|
|
.Nx
|
|
into a Free type partition.
|
|
This will allow
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
to collapse and merge all the available space.
|
|
Then cycle through the Select, Split, Select, Change, and Set Mount Point
|
|
options for each of the
|
|
.Nx
|
|
partitions that are desired.
|
|
Since
|
|
.Nx*M
|
|
has a very specific
|
|
mount order for partitions during system boot, it is best to create your
|
|
.Nx
|
|
partitions in the following order: Root, SWAP, Usr where the partitions
|
|
will be mounted in order on 'a', 'b', 'g', 'd', 'e', 'f', and 'h'.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
At least one Root or Root&Usr is required, and a SWAP partition is
|
|
highly desirable.
|
|
As a general rule you will need twice as much swap
|
|
space as you have RAM, more if you plan on running X, Web applications
|
|
or doing heavy development in a multi-user environment.
|
|
The Root partition, if it is separate from your Usr, usually requires about
|
|
24 MB.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If multiple Root partitions are defined, the second is usually
|
|
mounted on /altusr by default.
|
|
.Nx*M
|
|
automatically mounts all
|
|
Root partitions after the first as Usr type partitions.
|
|
However, it is best to be very specific about mount points and partition
|
|
type and use.
|
|
.\} \" \n[mac68k]
|
|
.bullet)
|
|
.if \n[i386] \{\
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If you want to use the entire disk for
|
|
.Nx ,
|
|
you can skip
|
|
the following section and go to
|
|
.Em "Editing the NetBSD disklabel" .
|
|
.It
|
|
.Em "Editing the Master Boot Record"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
First, you will be prompted to specify the units of size
|
|
that you want to express the sizes of the partitions in.
|
|
You can either pick megabytes, cylinders or sectors.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
After this, you will be presented with the current values
|
|
stored in the MBR, and will be given the opportunity to
|
|
change, create or delete partitions.
|
|
For each partition you can set the type, the start and the size.
|
|
Setting the type to
|
|
.Ic unused
|
|
will delete a partition.
|
|
You can also mark a partition as active, meaning that this is
|
|
the one that the BIOS will start from at boot time.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Be sure to mark the partition you want to boot from as active!
|
|
.Pp
|
|
After you are done editing the MBR, a sanity check
|
|
will be done, checking for partitions that overlap.
|
|
Depending on the BIOS capabilities of your machine and the
|
|
parameters of the
|
|
.Nx
|
|
partition you have specified, you
|
|
may also be asked if you want to install newer bootcode in your MBR.
|
|
If you have multiple operating systems on the
|
|
disk that you are installing on, you will also be given
|
|
the option to install a bootselector, that will allow you
|
|
to pick the operating system to start up when your computer
|
|
is (re-)started.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If everything is ok, you can go on to the next step,
|
|
editing the
|
|
.Nx
|
|
disklabel.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.\} \" \n[i386]
|
|
.\} \" !\n[atari]:\n[macppc]:\n[sgimips]
|
|
.
|
|
.if !\n[mac68k] \{\
|
|
.It
|
|
.Em Editing the NetBSD disklabel
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The partition table of the
|
|
.Nx
|
|
part of a disk is called a
|
|
.Em disklabel .
|
|
.if \n[macppc] \{\
|
|
In actuality,
|
|
.Nx*M
|
|
uses an Apple Partition Map.
|
|
The installer creates something like a real
|
|
Apple Partition Map, but it is not compatible with
|
|
.Tn Mac OS
|
|
or Open Firmware,
|
|
which is one of the reasons why you cannot use this installer to partition
|
|
a disk that can be used with
|
|
.Tn Mac OS
|
|
or Open Firmware 3 systems.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.\}
|
|
.if \n[sparc] \{\
|
|
.Nx
|
|
disklabels on \*M are compatible with the boot ROMs, and with
|
|
.Tn SunOS
|
|
and
|
|
.Tn Solaris .
|
|
.\}
|
|
There are 4 layouts for the
|
|
.Nx
|
|
part of the disk that you can pick from:
|
|
.Ic Standard, Standard with X, Custom
|
|
and
|
|
.Ic Use Existing .
|
|
The first two use a set of default values (that you can change)
|
|
suitable for a normal installation, possibly including X.
|
|
With the
|
|
.Ic Custom
|
|
option you can specify everything yourself.
|
|
The last option uses the partition info already present on the disk.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.if \n[atari] \{\
|
|
If you want to use
|
|
.Nx
|
|
on an AHDI partitioned disk, you will have to use:
|
|
.Ic Use Existing .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.\}
|
|
You will be presented with the current layout of the
|
|
.Nx
|
|
disklabel, and given a chance to change it.
|
|
For each partition, you can set the type, offset and size,
|
|
block and fragment size, and the mount point.
|
|
The type that
|
|
.Nx
|
|
uses for normal file storage is called
|
|
.Sy 4.2BSD .
|
|
A swap partition has a special type called
|
|
.Sy swap .
|
|
.
|
|
.if \n[i386] \{\
|
|
You can also specify a partition as type
|
|
.Sy MSDOS .
|
|
This is useful if you share the disk with
|
|
.Tn MS-DOS
|
|
or
|
|
.Tn Windows ;
|
|
.Nx
|
|
is able to access the files on these partitions.
|
|
You can use the values from the MBR for the
|
|
.Tn MS-DOS
|
|
part of the disk to specify the partition of type
|
|
.Sy MSDOS
|
|
(you don't have to do this now, you can always re-edit
|
|
the disklabel to add this once you have installed
|
|
.Nx ,
|
|
or use
|
|
.Xr mbrlabel 8
|
|
to help you updating your disklabel with data from the MBR).
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.\}
|
|
.
|
|
Some partitions in the disklabel have a fixed purpose.
|
|
.(tag 6n -offset indent
|
|
.It Li a
|
|
Root partition
|
|
.Pq Pa /
|
|
.It Li b
|
|
Swap partition.
|
|
.It Li c
|
|
The
|
|
.Nx
|
|
portion of the disk.
|
|
.if !'c'\*[part_raw]' \{\
|
|
.It Li \*[part_raw]
|
|
The entire disk.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.if \n[sgimips] \{\
|
|
.It Li d
|
|
The SGI volume header (boot partition)
|
|
.\}
|
|
.It Li \*[part_free]-\*[part_max]
|
|
Available for other use.
|
|
Traditionally,
|
|
.Li \*[part_usr]
|
|
is the partition mounted on
|
|
.Pa /usr ,
|
|
but this is historical practice and not a fixed value.
|
|
.tag)
|
|
.\} \" !\n[mac68k]
|
|
.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
You will then be asked to name your disk's disklabel.
|
|
The default response will be ok for most purposes.
|
|
If you choose to name it something different, make sure the name
|
|
is a single word and contains no special characters.
|
|
You don't need to remember this name.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It
|
|
.To 2 "Preparing your hard disk"
|
|
.Em Preparing your hard disk
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Em "You are now at the point of no return".
|
|
.ie \n[atari] \{\
|
|
Apart from the changes you made with
|
|
.Ic ahdilabel
|
|
nothing has been modified on your disk yet.
|
|
If you confirm that you want to install
|
|
.Nx ,
|
|
the partitions now assigned to
|
|
.Nx
|
|
will be actually written to.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.el \{\
|
|
Nothing has been
|
|
written to your disk yet, but if you confirm that you want to
|
|
install
|
|
.Nx ,
|
|
your hard drive will be modified.
|
|
.\}
|
|
If you are sure you want to proceed, enter
|
|
.Li yes
|
|
at the prompt.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The install program will now label your disk and make the file
|
|
systems you specified.
|
|
The file systems will be initialized to contain
|
|
.Nx
|
|
bootstrapping binaries and configuration files.
|
|
You will see messages on your screen from the various
|
|
.Nx
|
|
disk preparation tools that are running.
|
|
There should be no errors in this section of the installation.
|
|
If there are, restart from the beginning of the installation process.
|
|
Otherwise, you can continue the installation program
|
|
after pressing the return key.
|
|
.if \n[macppc] \{\
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.(Note
|
|
The bootstrapping code installed in this step will
|
|
.Em not
|
|
boot a machine with Open Firmware 3.
|
|
You will still need to have
|
|
.Pa ofwboot.xcf
|
|
on an HFS or HFS+ partition.
|
|
.Note)
|
|
.\}
|
|
.It
|
|
.To 2 "Getting the distribution sets"
|
|
.Em Getting the distribution sets
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Nx
|
|
distribution consists of a number of
|
|
.Em sets ,
|
|
that come in the form of gzipped tarfiles.
|
|
A few sets must be installed for a working system, others are optional.
|
|
At this point of the installation, you will be presented with a menu
|
|
which enables you to choose from one of the following methods
|
|
of installing the sets.
|
|
Some of these methods will first load the sets on your hard disk,
|
|
others will extract the sets directly.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
For all these methods, the first step is making the sets
|
|
available for extraction, and then do the actual installation.
|
|
The sets can be made available in a few different ways.
|
|
The following sections describe each of those methods.
|
|
After reading the one about the method you will be using, you
|
|
can continue to the section labeled
|
|
.Sq Extracting the distribution sets .
|
|
.It
|
|
.To 2 "Installation using ftp"
|
|
.Em Installation using ftp
|
|
.Pp
|
|
To be able to install using ftp, you first need to configure
|
|
your network setup, if you haven't already at the start of
|
|
the install procedure.
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
will do this for you, asking you
|
|
if you want to use DHCP, and if not
|
|
to provide data like IP address, hostname, etc.
|
|
If you do not have name service set up for the machine that you
|
|
are installing on, you can just press
|
|
.Key RETURN
|
|
in answer to these questions, and DNS will not be used.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
You will also be asked to specify the host that you want
|
|
to transfer the sets from, the directory on that host,
|
|
the account name and password used to log into that
|
|
host using ftp, and optionally a proxy server to use.
|
|
If you did not set up DNS when answering
|
|
the questions to configure networking, you will need to
|
|
specify an IP address instead of a hostname for the ftp
|
|
server.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
will proceed to transfer all the default set files
|
|
from the remote site to your hard disk.
|
|
.It
|
|
.To 2 "Installation using NFS"
|
|
.Em Installation using NFS
|
|
.Pp
|
|
To be able to install using NFS, you first need to configure
|
|
your network setup, if you haven't already at the start of
|
|
the install procedure.
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
will do this for you, asking you
|
|
if you want to use DHCP, and if not
|
|
to provide data like IP address, hostname, etc.
|
|
If you do not have name service set up for the machine that you
|
|
are installing on, you can just press
|
|
.Key RETURN
|
|
in answer to these questions, and DNS will not be used.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
You will also be asked to specify the host that you want
|
|
to transfer the sets from, and the directory on that host
|
|
that the files are in.
|
|
This directory should be mountable by the machine you are installing on,
|
|
i.e. correctly exported to your machine.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If you did not set up DNS when answering the questions to
|
|
configure networking, you will need to specify an IP address
|
|
instead of a hostname for the NFS server.
|
|
.It
|
|
.To 2 "Installation from CD-ROM"
|
|
.Em Installation from CD-ROM
|
|
.Pp
|
|
When installing from a CD-ROM, you will be asked to specify
|
|
the device name for your CD-ROM player
|
|
.Pq usually Li cd0 ,
|
|
and the directory name on the CD-ROM where the distribution files are.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
will then check if the files are indeed available
|
|
in the specified location, and proceed to the actual
|
|
extraction of the sets.
|
|
.if \n[i386] \{\
|
|
.It
|
|
.To 2 "Installation from a floppy set"
|
|
.Em Installation from a floppy set
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Because the installation sets are too big to fit on one floppy,
|
|
the floppies are expected to be filled with the split set
|
|
files.
|
|
The floppies are expected to be in
|
|
.Tn MS-DOS
|
|
format.
|
|
You will be asked for a directory where the sets should be reassembled.
|
|
Then you will be prompted to insert the floppies containing the split sets.
|
|
This process will continue until all the sets have been loaded from floppy.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.if \n[mac68k] \{\
|
|
.It
|
|
.To 2 "Installation from Mac OS file systems"
|
|
.Em Installation from Mac OS file systems
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Nx*M
|
|
does not currently have in-kernel support for
|
|
.Tn Mac OS
|
|
HFS/HFS+ or AppleShare filesystems.
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
therefore can not access the file sets if they are on these filesystems.
|
|
.\}
|
|
.It
|
|
.To 2 "Installation from an unmounted file system"
|
|
.Em Installation from an unmounted file system
|
|
.Pp
|
|
In order to install from a local file system, you will
|
|
need to specify the device that the file system resides
|
|
on
|
|
.ie \n[pmax] .Pq for example Li rz1e
|
|
.el .Pq for example Li sd1e
|
|
the type of the file system,
|
|
and the directory on the specified file system where the sets are located.
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
will then check if it
|
|
can indeed access the sets at that location.
|
|
.if \n[sgimips] \{\
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If this is a CD-ROM installation, the device used will be the name for your
|
|
CD-ROM player with partition letter 'a'
|
|
.Pq usually cd0a .
|
|
.\}
|
|
.if \n[macppc] \{\
|
|
Remember,
|
|
.Nx*M
|
|
doesn't grok HFS or HFS+ partitions
|
|
.\}
|
|
.It
|
|
.To 2 "Installation from a local directory"
|
|
.Em Installation from a local directory
|
|
.Pp
|
|
This option assumes that you have already done some preparation
|
|
yourself.
|
|
The sets should be located in a directory on a
|
|
file system that is already accessible.
|
|
.Ic sysinst
|
|
will ask you
|
|
for the name of this directory.
|
|
.It
|
|
.To 2 "Extracting the distribution sets"
|
|
.Em Extracting the distribution sets
|
|
.Pp
|
|
After the install sets containing the
|
|
.Nx
|
|
distribution
|
|
have been made available, you can either extract all the
|
|
sets (a full installation), or only extract sets that
|
|
you have selected.
|
|
In the latter case, you will be shown the currently selected sets,
|
|
and given the opportunity to select the sets you want.
|
|
Some sets always need to be installed
|
|
.Po Sy kern, base,
|
|
and
|
|
.Sy etc
|
|
.Pc
|
|
they will not be shown in this selection menu.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Before extraction begins, you can elect to watch the files being
|
|
extracted; the name of each file that is extracted will be shown.
|
|
This can slow down the installation process considerably, especially
|
|
on machines with slow graphics consoles or serial consoles.
|
|
Alternatively, you will be asked if you wish to have a progress bar.
|
|
This is the preferred option as it shows progress without significantly
|
|
slowing down the installation process.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.ie \n[macppc] \{\
|
|
If you are installing using the
|
|
.Me "Re-install sets or install additional sets"
|
|
option, then you will need to create the device nodes in
|
|
.Pa /dev ,
|
|
otherwise,
|
|
.\}
|
|
.el After all the files have been extracted,
|
|
all the necessary device node files will be created.
|
|
If you have already configured networking, you will be asked if you want to
|
|
use this configuration for normal operation.
|
|
If so, these values will be installed in the network configuration files.
|
|
The next menu will allow you to select the time zone that you're in,
|
|
to make sure your clock has the right offset from UTC.
|
|
Finally you will be asked to select a password encryption algorithm
|
|
and can then set a password for the "root" account, to prevent
|
|
the machine coming up without access restrictions.
|
|
.if \n[macppc] \{\
|
|
.It
|
|
.To 2 "Making the device nodes"
|
|
.Em Making the device nodes
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If you are installing using the
|
|
.Me "Re-install sets or install additional sets"
|
|
option, then you will need to create the device nodes in
|
|
.Pa /dev
|
|
now.
|
|
Otherwise, skip this step.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Go to the main installation menu, and select
|
|
.Me "Utility menu"
|
|
and then select the
|
|
.Me "Run /bin/sh"
|
|
option, which will give you a shell prompt.
|
|
You may need to type one of the following commands to get your delete key
|
|
to work properly, depending on your keyboard:
|
|
.Dl # Ic "stty erase '^h'"
|
|
.Dl # Ic "stty erase '^?'"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Type the following command (replacing
|
|
.Pa wd0a
|
|
with the partition name of your destination root partition):
|
|
Now you need to mount your destination root partition:
|
|
.Dl # Ic "mount /dev/wd0a /mnt"
|
|
.Dl # Ic "cd /mnt/dev"
|
|
.Dl # Ic "sh MAKEDEV all"
|
|
.Dl # Ic "cd /"
|
|
.Dl # Ic "umount /mnt"
|
|
.Dl # Ic "exit"
|
|
.\}
|
|
.if \n[sparc64] \{\
|
|
.It
|
|
.To 2 "Ensure you have the correct kernel installed"
|
|
.Em "Ensure you have the correct kernel installed"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If you are installing from the 32-bit sparc distribution set, make sure
|
|
that you installed the correct kernel. The \*M installation tools do not
|
|
by default copy the correct 32-bit kernel. Unless you prepared ahead of
|
|
time by renaming the
|
|
.Pa kern-GENERIC_SUN4U.tgz
|
|
to
|
|
.Pa kern-GENERIC.tgz
|
|
then you will need to follow the next few instructions.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Go to the main installation menu, and select
|
|
.Me "Utility menu"
|
|
and then select the
|
|
.Me "Run /bin/sh"
|
|
option, which will give you a shell prompt.
|
|
You may need to type one of the following commands to get your delete key
|
|
to work properly, depending on your keyboard:
|
|
.Dl # Ic "stty erase '^h'"
|
|
.Dl # Ic "stty erase '^?'"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Type the following command (replacing
|
|
.Pa wd0a
|
|
with the partition name of your destination root partition):
|
|
.Dl # Ic "mount /dev/wd0a /mnt"
|
|
.Dl # Ic "cd /mnt"
|
|
Now you ned to mount the location of your distribution sets:
|
|
.Dl # Ic "mount /dev/cd0a /mnt2"
|
|
.Dl # Ic "tar xpzvf /mnt2/sparc/binary/kernel/kern-GENERIC_SUN4U.tgz"
|
|
.Dl # Ic "umount /mnt"
|
|
.Dl # Ic "umount /mnt2"
|
|
.Dl # Ic "exit"
|
|
.\}
|
|
.It
|
|
.To 2 "Finalizing your installation"
|
|
.Em Finalizing your installation
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Congratulations, you have successfully installed
|
|
.Nx
|
|
\*V.
|
|
.if \n[cats] \{\
|
|
.Pp
|
|
To finalize the installation of
|
|
.Nx*M
|
|
certain parameters on the Cyclone firmware need to changed.
|
|
The reason is that the Cyclone firmware is unable to boot anything other
|
|
than an a.out format kernels.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Kernels created on a
|
|
.Nx*M
|
|
\*V system are natively ELF and converted to a.out.
|
|
This conversion process loses the symbol information used for,
|
|
amongst other things, kernel memory grovelers such as vmstat.
|
|
The workaround to the problem is to provide both the native ELF kernel
|
|
(with all the symbol information) and the a.out kernel.
|
|
These are available as /netbsd and /netbsd.aout respectively.
|
|
As the a.out format kernel is not named in such a way that the
|
|
Cyclone firmware will automatically find it the following command
|
|
should be issued as the firmware prompt.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl boot> Ic "set boot wd0:/netbsd.aout"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.\}
|
|
.if !\n[macppc] \{\
|
|
You can now reboot the machine, and boot
|
|
.Nx
|
|
from hard disk.
|
|
.\} \" !\n[macppc]
|
|
.enum)
|