232 lines
6.4 KiB
Groff
232 lines
6.4 KiB
Groff
.\" $NetBSD: fsck_lfs.8,v 1.20 2005/04/14 21:29:29 wiz Exp $
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1989, 1991, 1993
|
|
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
|
|
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
|
|
.\" are met:
|
|
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
|
|
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
|
|
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
|
|
.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
|
|
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
|
|
.\" without specific prior written permission.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
|
|
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
|
|
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
|
|
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
|
|
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
|
|
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
|
|
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
|
|
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
|
|
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
|
|
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
|
|
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" @(#)fsck.8 8.3 (Berkeley) 11/29/94
|
|
.\"
|
|
.Dd April 14, 2005
|
|
.Dt FSCK_LFS 8
|
|
.Os
|
|
.Sh NAME
|
|
.Nm fsck_lfs
|
|
.Nd Log-structured File System consistency check and interactive repair
|
|
.Sh SYNOPSIS
|
|
.Nm fsck_lfs
|
|
.Op Fl dfpq
|
|
.Op Fl b Ar block
|
|
.Op Fl m Ar mode
|
|
.Op Fl y | n
|
|
.Ar filesystem
|
|
.Ar ...
|
|
.Sh DESCRIPTION
|
|
.Nm
|
|
performs interactive filesystem consistency checks and repair for
|
|
each of the filesystems specified on the command line.
|
|
It is normally invoked from
|
|
.Xr fsck 8 .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The design of LFS takes care that no filesystem inconsistencies can
|
|
happen unless hardware or software failures intervene.
|
|
.Nm
|
|
will report and optionally correct any such inconsistencies.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
For each corrected inconsistency one or more lines will be printed
|
|
identifying the filesystem on which the correction will take place,
|
|
and the nature of the correction.
|
|
After successfully correcting a filesystem,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
will print the number of files on that filesystem,
|
|
the number of used and free blocks,
|
|
and the percentage of fragmentation.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If sent a
|
|
.Dv QUIT
|
|
signal,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
will finish the filesystem checks, then exit with an abnormal return status.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Without the
|
|
.Fl p
|
|
option,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
audits and interactively repairs inconsistent conditions for filesystems.
|
|
If the filesystem is inconsistent, the operator is prompted for concurrence
|
|
before each correction is attempted.
|
|
It should be noted that some of the corrective actions will result in
|
|
some loss of data.
|
|
The amount and severity of data lost may be determined from the diagnostic
|
|
output.
|
|
The default action for each consistency correction
|
|
is to wait for the operator to respond
|
|
.Li yes
|
|
or
|
|
.Li no .
|
|
If the operator does not have write permission on the filesystem
|
|
.Nm
|
|
will default to a
|
|
.Fl n
|
|
action.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The following flags are interpreted by
|
|
.Nm :
|
|
.Bl -tag -width XbXblockXX
|
|
.It Fl b Ar block
|
|
Use
|
|
.Ar block
|
|
as the super block for the filesystem.
|
|
.It Fl d
|
|
Print debugging output.
|
|
.It Fl f
|
|
Force checking of file systems.
|
|
Normally, if a file system is cleanly unmounted, the kernel will
|
|
set a
|
|
.Dq clean flag
|
|
in the file system superblock, and
|
|
.Nm
|
|
will not check the file system.
|
|
This option forces
|
|
.Nm
|
|
to check the file system, regardless of the state of the clean flag.
|
|
.It Fl m Ar mode
|
|
Use
|
|
.Ar mode
|
|
specified in octal as the permission bits to use when creating the
|
|
.Pa lost+found
|
|
directory rather than the default 1700.
|
|
In particular, systems that do not wish to have lost files accessible
|
|
by all users on the system should use a more restrictive
|
|
set of permissions such as 700.
|
|
.It Fl n
|
|
Assume a no response to all questions asked by
|
|
.Nm
|
|
except for
|
|
.Ql CONTINUE? ,
|
|
which is assumed to be affirmative;
|
|
do not open the filesystem for writing.
|
|
.It Fl p
|
|
Specify
|
|
.Dq preen
|
|
mode.
|
|
Currently, in this mode
|
|
.Nm
|
|
rolls forward from the older checkpoint, and performs no other action.
|
|
.It Fl q
|
|
Quiet mode, do not output any messages for clean filesystems.
|
|
.It Fl y
|
|
Assume a yes response to all questions asked by
|
|
.Nm ;
|
|
this should be used with great caution as this is a free license
|
|
to continue after essentially unlimited trouble has been encountered.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -enum -offset indent -compact
|
|
Inconsistencies checked are as follows:
|
|
.It
|
|
Blocks claimed by more than one inode.
|
|
.It
|
|
Blocks claimed by an inode outside the range of the filesystem.
|
|
.It
|
|
Incorrect link counts.
|
|
.It
|
|
Size checks:
|
|
.Bl -item -offset indent -compact
|
|
.It
|
|
Directory size not a multiple of DIRBLKSIZ.
|
|
.It
|
|
Partially truncated file.
|
|
.El
|
|
.It
|
|
Bad inode format.
|
|
.It
|
|
Directory checks:
|
|
.Bl -item -offset indent -compact
|
|
.It
|
|
File pointing to unallocated inode.
|
|
.It
|
|
Inode number out of range.
|
|
.It
|
|
Dot or dot-dot not the first two entries of a directory
|
|
or having the wrong inode number.
|
|
.El
|
|
.It
|
|
Super Block checks:
|
|
.Bl -item -offset indent -compact
|
|
.It
|
|
More blocks for inodes than there are in the filesystem.
|
|
.El
|
|
.It
|
|
Index File checks:
|
|
.Bl -item -offset indent -compact
|
|
.It
|
|
.Dq \&In use
|
|
inodes on free list, or free inodes not on free list.
|
|
.It
|
|
Segment block counts incorrect, or
|
|
.Dq clean
|
|
segments containing live data.
|
|
.El
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Orphaned files and directories (allocated but unreferenced) are,
|
|
with the operator's concurrence, reconnected by
|
|
placing them in the
|
|
.Pa lost+found
|
|
directory.
|
|
The name assigned is the inode number.
|
|
If the
|
|
.Pa lost+found
|
|
directory does not exist, it is created.
|
|
If there is insufficient space its size is increased.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Because of inconsistencies between the block device and the buffer cache,
|
|
the raw device should always be used.
|
|
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
|
|
The diagnostics produced by
|
|
.Nm
|
|
are fully enumerated and explained in Appendix A of
|
|
.Rs
|
|
.%T "Fsck \- The UNIX File System Check Program"
|
|
.Re
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr fstab 5 ,
|
|
.Xr fsck 8 ,
|
|
.Xr newfs_lfs 8 ,
|
|
.Xr reboot 8
|
|
.Sh HISTORY
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
program was first made available in
|
|
.Nx 1.4 .
|
|
.Sh AUTHORS
|
|
Most of the
|
|
.Nm
|
|
program was taken from
|
|
.Xr fsck_ffs 8 ;
|
|
what was not was written by
|
|
.An Konrad Schroder Aq perseant@NetBSD.org .
|