249 lines
8.0 KiB
Groff
249 lines
8.0 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
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.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" from: @(#)netstat.1 6.14 (Berkeley) 7/27/91
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.\" $Id: netstat.1,v 1.2 1993/08/01 07:30:27 mycroft Exp $
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.\"
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.Dd July 27, 1991
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.Dt NETSTAT 1
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.Os BSD 4.2
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm netstat
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.Nd show network status
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm netstat
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.Op Fl Aan
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.Op Fl f Ar address_family
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.Op Ar system
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.Op Ar core
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.Nm netstat
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.Op Fl himnrs
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.Op Fl f Ar address_family
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.Op Fl M Ar core
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.Op Fl N Ar system
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.Nm netstat
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.Op Fl n
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.Op Fl I Op Ar interface
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.Op Fl M Ar core
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.Op Fl N Ar system
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.Op Fl w Ar wait
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.Nm netstat
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.Op Fl p Ar protocol
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.Op Fl M Ar core
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.Op Fl N Ar system
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm netstat
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command symbolically displays the contents of various network-related
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data structures.
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There are a number of output formats,
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depending on the options for the information presented.
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The first form of the command displays a list of active sockets for
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each protocol.
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The second form presents the contents of one of the other network
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data structures according to the option selected.
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Using the third form, with a
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.Ar wait
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interval specified,
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.Nm netstat
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will continuously display the information regarding packet
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traffic on the configured network interfaces.
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The fourth form displays statistics about the named protocol.
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.Pp
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The options have the following meaning:
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.Bl -tag -width flag
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.It Fl A
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With the default display,
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show the address of any protocol control blocks associated with sockets; used
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for debugging.
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.It Fl a
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With the default display,
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show the state of all sockets; normally sockets used by
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server processes are not shown.
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.It Fl d
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With either interface display (option
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.Fl i
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or an interval, as described below),
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show the number of dropped packets.
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.It Fl h
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Show the state of the
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.Tn IMP
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host table.
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.It Fl i
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Show the state of interfaces which have been auto-configured
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(interfaces statically configured into a system, but not
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located at boot time are not shown).
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.It Fl I Ar interface
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Show information only about this interface;
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used with an
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.Ar wait
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interval as described below.
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.It Fl M
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Extract values associated with the name list from the specified core
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instead of the default
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.Pa /dev/kmem .
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.It Fl m
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Show statistics recorded by the memory management routines
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(the network manages a private pool of memory buffers).
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.It Fl N
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Extract the name list from the specified system instead of the default
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.Pa /vmunix .
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.It Fl n
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Show network addresses as numbers (normally
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.Nm netstat
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interprets addresses and attempts to display them
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symbolically).
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This option may be used with any of the display formats.
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.It Fl p Ar protocol
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Show statistics about
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.Ar protocol ,
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which is either a well-known name for a protocol or an alias for it. Some
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protocol names and aliases are listed in the file
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.Pa /etc/protocols .
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A null response typically means that there are no interesting numbers to
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report.
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The program will complain if
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.Ar protocol
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is unknown or if there is no statistics routine for it.
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.It Fl s
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Show per-protocol statistics.
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.It Fl r
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Show the routing tables.
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When
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.Fl s
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is also present, show routing statistics instead.
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.It Fl f Ar address_family
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Limit statistics or address control block reports to those
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of the specified
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.Ar address family .
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The following address families
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are recognized:
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.Ar inet ,
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for
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.Dv AF_INET ,
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.Ar ns ,
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for
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.Dv AF_NS ,
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and
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.Ar unix ,
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for
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.Dv AF_UNIX .
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.El
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.Pp
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The default display, for active sockets, shows the local
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and remote addresses, send and receive queue sizes (in bytes), protocol,
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and the internal state of the protocol.
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Address formats are of the form ``host.port'' or ``network.port''
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if a socket's address specifies a network but no specific host address.
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When known the host and network addresses are displayed symbolically
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according to the data bases
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.Pa /etc/hosts
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and
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.Pa /etc/networks ,
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respectively. If a symbolic name for an address is unknown, or if
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the
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.Fl n
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option is specified, the address is printed numerically, according
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to the address family.
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For more information regarding
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the Internet ``dot format,''
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refer to
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.Xr inet 3 ) .
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Unspecified,
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or ``wildcard'', addresses and ports appear as ``*''.
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.Pp
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The interface display provides a table of cumulative
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statistics regarding packets transferred, errors, and collisions.
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The network addresses of the interface
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and the maximum transmission unit (``mtu'') are also displayed.
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.Pp
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The routing table display indicates the available routes and
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their status. Each route consists of a destination host or network
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and a gateway to use in forwarding packets. The flags field shows
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the state of the route (``U'' if ``up''), whether the route
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is to a gateway (``G''), whether the route was created dynamically
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by a redirect (``D''), and whether the route has been modified
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by a redirect (``M''). Direct routes are created for each
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interface attached to the local host;
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the gateway field for such entries shows the address of the outgoing interface.
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The refcnt field gives the
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current number of active uses of the route. Connection oriented
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protocols normally hold on to a single route for the duration of
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a connection while connectionless protocols obtain a route while sending
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to the same destination.
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The use field provides a count of the number of packets
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sent using that route. The interface entry indicates the network
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interface utilized for the route.
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.Pp
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When
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.Nm netstat
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is invoked with a
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.Ar wait
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interval argument, it displays a running count of statistics related to
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network interfaces.
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This display consists of a column for the primary interface (the first
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interface found during autoconfiguration) and a column summarizing
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information for all interfaces.
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The primary interface may be replaced with another interface with the
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.Fl I
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option.
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The first line of each screen of information contains a summary since the
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system was last rebooted. Subsequent lines of output show values
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accumulated over the preceding interval.
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr iostat 1 ,
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.Xr nfsstat 1 ,
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.Xr ps 1 ,
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.Xr vmstat 1 ,
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.Xr hosts 5 ,
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.Xr networks 5 ,
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.Xr protocols 5 ,
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.Xr services 5 ,
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.Xr trpt 8 ,
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.Xr trsp 8
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm netstat
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command appeared in
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.Bx 4.2 .
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.\" .Sh FILES
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.\" .Bl -tag -width /dev/kmem -compact
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.\" .It Pa /vmunix
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.\" default kernel namelist
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.\" .It Pa /dev/kmem
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.\" default memory file
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.\" .El
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.Sh BUGS
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The notion of errors is ill-defined.
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.Pp
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Collisions mean something else for the
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.Tn IMP .
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