411 lines
12 KiB
Plaintext
411 lines
12 KiB
Plaintext
.\" $NetBSD: install,v 1.29 2008/04/30 13:10:49 martin Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1999-2002 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
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.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
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.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
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.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
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.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
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.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
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.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
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.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
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.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
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.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
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.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.
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Installing
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.Nx
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is a relatively complex process, but if you have
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this document in hand it shouldn't be too much trouble.
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.Pp
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There are several ways to install
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.Nx
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onto a disk.
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The easiest way in terms of preliminary setup is to install from CDROM.
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If you don't have access to a CDROM or CDROM burner, you
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can use a miniroot image that can be booted off your local disk's swap
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partition.
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Alternatively, if your UltraSPARC is hooked up in a network
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you can find a server and arrange for a diskless setup which is a convenient
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way to install on a machine whose disk does not currently hold a usable
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operating system (see the section
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.Sx Installing NetBSD by using a diskless setup
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below).
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.Pp
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If you have problems with these or you are installing
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.Nx
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onto the same disk as
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.Tn Solaris ,
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see the section below on
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.Sx "Manual Installation of NetBSD using Solaris"
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.
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.Ss2 Installing NetBSD from CDROM
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.
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Installing from CDROM, whether it has the full distribution or just
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a kernel and
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.Ic sysinst
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is the least painful way to install
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.Nx .
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Simply insert the CD-ROM in the drive, power up the computer, and type:
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.(disp
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.No ok Ic "boot cdrom"
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.disp)
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.Pp
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This Open Firmware boot command will cause the
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.Nx
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kernel contained in the CD-ROM to be booted.
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After the initial probe messages you'll be
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asked to start the install or upgrade procedure.
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Proceed to the section
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.Sx "Running the sysinst installation program"
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below.
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.
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.Ss2 Installing NetBSD by using the NetBSD miniroot
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.
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The miniroot is a self-contained
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.Nx
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file system holding all utilities
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necessary to install
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.Nx
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on a local disk.
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It is distributed as a plain
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file designed to be transferred to a raw disk partition from which it can
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be booted using the appropriate OpenFirmware command.
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Usually, the miniroot will be loaded into the swap partition of a disk.
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If needed, you can use any other unused partition,
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but remember that the partition will then not
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available during the installation process.
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.Pp
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Loading the miniroot onto your raw partition is simple using the
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.Xr dd 1
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command. Just remember to first uncompress the miniroot image and boot
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your OS with the
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.Li -s
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flag so that it runs
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.Dq "single-user"
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and does not attempt to start swapping.
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.(disp
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.No ok Ic "boot -s"
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.disp)
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.Pp
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On
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.Tn Solaris
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you use a command like:
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.(disp
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.No # Ic "gunzip miniroot.fs.gz"
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.No # Ic "dd if=miniroot.fs of=/dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s1 bs=4k"
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.disp)
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On
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.Nx
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the command is:
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.(disp
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.No # Ic "gunzip miniroot.fs.gz"
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.No # Ic "dd if=miniroot.fs of=/dev/rsd0b bs=4k"
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.disp)
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Replace
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.Li /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s1
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or
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.Li /dev/rsd0b
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with your swap partition.
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.Pp
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After transferring the miniroot to disk, bring the system down by:
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.(disp
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.No # Ic halt
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.disp)
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Then boot the miniroot by typing the appropriate command at the
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OpenFirmware prompt:
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.(disp
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.No ok Ic "boot disk:b netbsd"
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.disp)
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If you've loaded the miniroot onto some other disk than
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.Li sd0
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use the correct
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.Pa devalias ,
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such as
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.(disp
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.No ok Ic "boot disk1:b netbsd"
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.disp)
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This Open Firmware boot command will cause the
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.Nx
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kernel contained in the
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miniroot image to be booted.
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After the initial probe messages you'll be
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asked to start the install or upgrade procedure.
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Proceed to the section
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.Sx "Running the sysinst installation program"
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below.
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.
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.Ss2 Installing NetBSD by using a NetBSD kernel on a Solaris partition
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.
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This procedure is very straightforward. You will be putting the
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.Nx
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installation kernel (kernel with a RAM disk installer) on your
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.Tn Solaris
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partition and telling Open Firmware to boot the
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.Nx
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kernel.
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.Pp
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CAVEAT: this method is a bit fragile. Depending on physical partition layout,
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partition size, and parameters used to create the filesystem of your
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.Tn Solaris
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root partition, bugs in the bootloader might be triggered and cause this
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method to fail.
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.Pp
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First, copy the
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.Pa netbsd-INSTALL.gz
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kernel and bootloader to the root level of your hard drive and halt your
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system
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.(disp
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.No # Ic "cp binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz /"
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.No # Ic "cp installation/misc/ofwboot /"
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.No # Ic "halt"
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.disp)
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At the Open Firmware prompt, boot
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.Nx .
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.(disp
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.No ok Ic "boot disk:a /ofwboot -a"
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.disp)
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The
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.Li -a
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flag is needed so that the bootloader will ask you to find your
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installation kernel.
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.(disp
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Rebooting with command: boot disk:a /ofwboot -a
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Boot device: /pci@1f,4000/scsi@3/disk@0,0:a File and args: /ofwboot -a
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.No Enter filename [/ofwboot]: Ic "\*<return\*>
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\*>\*> NetBSD/sparc64 OpenFirmware Boot, Revision 1.7
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\*>\*> (autobuild@tgm.netbsd.org, Thu May 20 16:29:20 UTC 2004)
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.No Boot: Ic netbsd-INSTALL.gz
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.disp)
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After the initial probe messages you'll be
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asked to start the install or upgrade procedure.
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Proceed to the section
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.Sx "Running the sysinst installation program"
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below.
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.
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.Ss2 Installing NetBSD by using a netboot setup
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.
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.so ../common/netboot
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.Pp
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Now, netboot your system from the server by entering the appropriate
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.Ic boot
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command at the Open Firmware prompt.
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.(disp
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.No ok Ic "boot net netbsd"
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.disp)
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After the initial probe messages you'll be
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asked to start the install or upgrade procedure.
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Proceed to the section
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.Sx "Running the sysinst installation program"
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below.
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.
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.so ../common/sysinst
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.Pp
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Skip down to the section on
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.Sx "Booting NetBSD for the first time"
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.
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.Ss2 Manual Installation of NetBSD using Solaris
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.
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(Adapted from Murray Stokely's \*<murray@osd.bsdi.com\*> instructions)
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.Pp
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You can use
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.Tn Solaris
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to prepare the
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.Nx
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user-friendly installer or to perform a full manual installation of
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.Nx .
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If you want to use the user-friendly miniroot installer or RAM disk
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installation kernel, follow the sections
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.Sx "Installing NetBSD by using the NetBSD miniroot"
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or
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.Sx "Installing NetBSD by using a NetBSD kernel on a Solaris partition" .
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.Pp
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Manual installation from Solaris 10 is not possible because NetBSD
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cannot use the resulting UFS file system. It is possible to install
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Solaris 10 and NetBSD on the same disk. To do so, partition the disk
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with the Solaris format command, then boot NetBSD and perform a manual
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installation. Be careful not to write a NetBSD disklabel. Use the
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disklabel command to read the partition size, as constructed from the
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Solaris disklabel. By default the NetBSD newfs command writes a NetBSD
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disklabel. Avoid this by using the -F and -s arguments to newfs.
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.Pp
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.(bullet
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.To 2 "Preparing the disk in Solaris"
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.Em "Preparing the disk in Solaris"
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.Pp
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The first step is to format and label the disk that you would like to
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use with
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.Nx .
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This can be accomplished with the
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.Xr format 1M
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command in Solaris, which allows you to partition a disk and write a
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disklabel. It also is used to perform a low-level format on SCSI drives.
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You will want to create a root partition and a swap partition.
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Depending on your preferences, you may also wish to create separate
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.Pa /usr No or Pa /var
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partitions.
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.Pp
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.(disp
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.No # Ic "/usr/sbin/format"
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Searching for disks...
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Mode sense page(3) reports nsect value as 280, adjusting it to 218
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done
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c0t1d0: configured with capacity of 16.95GB
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AVAILABLE DISK SELECTIONS:
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0. c0t0d0 \*<SUN4.2G cyl 3880 alt 2 hd 16 sec 135\*>
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/pci@1f,4000/scsi@3/sd@0,0
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1. c0t1d0 \*<IBM-DXHS18Y-0430 cyl 8152 alt 2 hd 20 sec 218\*>
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/pci@1f,4000/scsi@3/sd@1,0
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.No "Specify disk (enter its number):" Ic 1
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selecting c0t1d0
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[disk formatted]
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.No "Disk not labeled. Label it now?" Ic y
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.No "format\*>" Ic format
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Ready to format. Formatting cannot be interrupted
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and takes 114 minutes (estimated). Continue? y
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Beginning format. The current time is Sat May 29 22:15:13 2004
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Formatting...
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done
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Verifying media...
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pass 0 - pattern = 0xc6dec6de
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8151/19/208
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pass 1 - pattern = 0x6db6db6d
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8151/19/208
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Total of 0 defective blocks repaired.
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.No "format\*>" Ic partition
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.No "partition\*>" Ic print
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Current partition table (original):
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Total disk cylinders available: 8152 + 2 (reserved cylinders)
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Part Tag Flag Cylinders Size Blocks
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0 root wm 0 - 60 129.86MB (61/0/0) 265960
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1 swap wu 61 - 121 129.86MB (61/0/0) 265960
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2 backup wu 0 - 8151 16.95GB (8152/0/0) 35542720
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3 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
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4 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
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5 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
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6 usr wm 122 - 8151 16.69GB (8030/0/0) 35010800
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7 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
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.No "partition\*>" Ic label
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.No "Ready to label disk, continue?" Ic y
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.No "partition\*>" Ic quit
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.No "format\*>" Ic quit
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.disp)
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.Pp
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After your disk has been labeled you need to create file systems on
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your slices.
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The Solaris
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.Xr newfs 1M
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command will create ffs file systems that can be used by
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.Nx .
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.(disp
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.No # Ic "/usr/sbin/newfs /dev/dsk/c0t1d0s0"
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.No # Ic "/usr/sbin/newfs /dev/dsk/c0t1d0s6"
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.disp)
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.
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.It
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.To 2 "Installing NetBSD Software from Solaris"
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.Em "Installing NetBSD Software from Solaris"
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.Pp
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You should now mount your
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.Nx
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root and
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.Pa /usr
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partitions under Solaris so that you can populate the file systems with
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.Nx
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binaries.
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.(disp
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.No # Ic "/usr/sbin/mount /dev/dsk/c0t1d0s0 /mnt"
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.No # Ic "mkdir /mnt/usr"
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.No # Ic "/usr/sbin/mount /dev/dsk/c0t1d0s6 /mnt/usr"
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.disp)
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.Pp
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Now extract the distribution file sets
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.(disp
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.No # Ic "cd ~/netbsd/binary/sets"
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.No # Ic "gunzip *.tar.gz"
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.No # Ic "echo ~/netbsd/binary/sets/*.tar | (cd /mnt; xargs -n1 pax -rpe -f )"
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.disp)
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.Pp
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Now you should copy the
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.Nx
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second stage bootloader into your new root partition and install the
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bootblocks using Solaris's
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.Xr installboot 1M
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command.
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.(disp
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.No # Ic "cp ~/netbsd/installation/misc/ofwboot /mnt"
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.No # Ic "/usr/sbin/installboot ~/netbsd/installation/misc/bootblk /dev/rdsk/c0t1d0s0"
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.disp)
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.
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.It
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.To 2 "Creating NetBSD Device Nodes under Solaris"
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.Em "Creating NetBSD Device Nodes under Solaris"
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.Pp
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This is not a necessary step. If your
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.Pa /dev
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directory is empty,
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.Xr init 8
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will create a RAM disk with all of the
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essential device nodes each time the system boots. If you want to create
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the device nodes on disk, you will need to use the Solaris
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.Xr mknod 1M
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command. Look in
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.Pa /dev/MAKEDEV
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for the correct names, major and minor numbers, ownership, and
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permissions.
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.
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.It
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.To 2 "Configuring the NetBSD system from Solaris"
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.Em "Configuring the NetBSD system from Solaris"
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.Pp
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To save effort, you may want to use your favorite Solaris editor
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to configure some of the files in
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.Pa /etc
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before booting into
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.Nx
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the first time. In particular, you should look at
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.Pa /etc/fstab ,
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.Pa /etc/rc.conf ,
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.Pa /etc/resolv.conf ,
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and
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.Pa /etc/hosts .
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See the section below on
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.Sx "Post installation steps"
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before
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.Sx "Booting NetBSD for the first time" .
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.bullet)
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.
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.Ss Booting NetBSD for the first time
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.
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.Pp
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Now it is time to boot
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.Nx
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for the first time.
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You will boot from your disk using similar syntax as described above in
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.Sx "Setting up Open Firmware"
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and
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.Sx "Determining how to boot from an SBUS or PCI card"
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That is, boot from your first disk:
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.(disp
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.No ok Ic "boot disk"
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.disp)
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