522 lines
13 KiB
Plaintext
522 lines
13 KiB
Plaintext
.\"$NetBSD: hardware,v 1.39 2003/09/07 00:03:47 mbw Exp $
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.
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Currently,
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.Nx*M
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requires the use of
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.Tn "Open Firmware"
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to boot.
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Open Firmware is a command environment using the FORTH language. The
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.Nx
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kernel uses Open Firmware to gather information about your system and to
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control some of your devices. It is part of the boot ROMs in most
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.Tn PowerPC Ns No -based
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.Tn Macintosh
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systems.
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Until late 1996,
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.Tn Apple
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never intended to use Open Firmware for anything other than internal debugging and hardware support.
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It was not intended to be used to boot an operating system.
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This is why earlier machines have so much trouble with Open Firmware.
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This also means that PowerMacs and clones that lack Open Firmware cannot boot
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.Nx
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on the \*M platform.
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Most machines introduced by Apple and the clone-makers
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after August 17, 1995 have Open Firmware and are supported.
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.Pp
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Apple made several revisions of this Open Firmware environment, and each has
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various quirks and problems that we must work around.
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The single hardest step of installing
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.Nx*M
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is to set up Open Firmware properly.
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Open Firmware versions 1.0.5 and 2.0.x act similarly
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and the same set of instructions applies to them.
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Open Firmware version 2.4 is slightly different with regards to booting.
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Open Firmware version 3 is altogether different, but easier to set up for
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.Nx .
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.Pp
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At present,
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.Nx*M
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does not support the PPC 601 microprocessor, which means that the
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PowerMacintosh 7200 and 7500 models are not supported.
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The PowerMacintosh 7500 may be upgraded to a PPC 604, G3
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or G4 microprocessor via a daughtercard replacement, in which case
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.Nx
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will run on this system.
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.Pp
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The minimal configuration requires 16 MB of RAM and ~80 MB of disk space.
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To install the entire system requires 200 MB plus space for the swap
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partition (usually the RAM size, unless you've got a lot of RAM). To
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install X, an additional 60 MB disk space is required, as is more RAM (at
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least 32 MB).
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.Nx
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with 16 MB of RAM is very slow. Until you have around 32 MB of RAM,
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getting more RAM is more important than getting a faster CPU.
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.
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.Ss2 Supported models
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Find your model from the list below and take note of its Open Firmware
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version:
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.(tag 8n
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.It Em "Open Firmware 1.0.5"
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.Pp
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.(bullet -compact
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Apple PowerMacintosh (7300, 7500 (with CPU upgrade), 7600, 8500, 8600, 9500,
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and 9600)
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.It
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Apple Workgroup Server 8550
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.It
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Power Computing (PowerCenter, PowerCenter Pro, PowerCurve,
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PowerTower, PowerTower Pro, and PowerWave)
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.It
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UMAX (J700, S900)
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.bullet)
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.It Em "Open Firmware 1.1.22"
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.Pp
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.(bullet -compact
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Apple Network Server (500 and 700)
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.(Note
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Users have reported that the
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.Nx
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kernel does not work well with the on-board MACE-based ethernet (the one
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that requires an Apple AAUI dongle).
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If your system does not have the Apple PCI Ethernet Card, you may need to
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purchase and install another ethernet card in your Apple Network Server.
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.Note)
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.bullet)
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.It Em "Open Firmware 2.0.x"
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.Pp
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.(bullet -compact
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Apple PowerBook (2400, 3400, G3, and G3 Series)
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.It
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Apple PowerMacintosh/Performa (4400, 54xx, 5500, 6300/160, 6360, 6400, and
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6500)
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.It
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Apple PowerMacintosh (G3
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.Dq Beige
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models with ATI RageII+: Desktop, Mini Tower, and All-in-One)
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.It
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APS Tech (M*Power 604e/200)
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.It
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Motorola StarMax (3000, 4000, 5000, and 5500)
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.It
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Power Computing (PowerBase)
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.It
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UMAX (Apus 2000, Apus 3000, C500, and C600)
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.bullet)
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.It Em "Open Firmware 2.4"
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.Pp
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.(bullet -compact
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Apple PowerMacintosh (G3
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.Dq Beige
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models with ATI Rage Pro: Desktop, Mini Tower, and All-in-One)
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.bullet)
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.It Em "Open Firmware 3"
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.Pp
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.(bullet -compact
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Apple original iBook, iBook SE, iBook (Dual USB), iBook (Late 2001),
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iBook (16VRAM), and iBook (14.1 LCD 32 VRAM)
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.It
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Apple iMac; Bondi Blue (Rev A and Rev B, 233 MHz),
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5 Flavors (Rev C and Rev D, 266 MHz and 333 MHz), iMac (Slot Loading),
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iMac (Summer 2000), iMac (Early 2001), and iMac (Summer 2001)
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.It
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Apple original eMac
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.It
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Apple PowerBook (G3 Series (bronze keyboard) and G3 (FireWire))
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.It
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Apple PowerBook (G4 (Titanium), G4 (Gigabit Ethernet), G4 (DVI),
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G4 (12-inch), and G4 (17-inch))
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.It
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Apple PowerMacintosh G3 (Blue and White)
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.It
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Apple PowerMacintosh (G4 (PCI), G4 (AGP), G4 (Gigabit Ethernet), G4
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(Digital Audio), G4 (Quicksilver), G4 (Quicksilver 2002), G4 (FW 800),
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and G4 Cube)
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.It
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Apple original Xserve and Xserve (Slot Load)
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.bullet)
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.tag)
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.
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.Ss2 Unsupported models
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.(bullet -compact -offset indent
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Systems with Open Firmware, but using a PPC 601 microprocessor
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(PowerMacintosh 7200 and 7500 (without CPU upgrade))
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.It
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Systems with Open Firmware, but using a PPC G5 microprocessor
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.It
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Systems with a PowerPC microprocessor, but lacking Open Firmware
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.(bullet -compact
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Apple PowerBook (1400, 2300, and 5300)
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.It
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Apple PowerMacintosh/Performa (52xx, 53xx, 62xx, and 63xx
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(except 6300/160 and 6360 which are supported))
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.It
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Apple PowerMacintosh/Performa (61xx, 71xx, and 81xx)
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.It
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PowerComputing (Power 100 and Power 120)
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.bullet)
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.It
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Systems with broken Open Firmware (Twentieth Anniversary Macintosh)
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.It
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Systems with a Motorola 68k microprocessor (these systems are supported by
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.Nx Ns /mac68k )
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.It
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Systems upgraded from any of the above (unless the motherboard is replaced as
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part of the upgrade)
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.It
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Systems released in the second half of 2003 and later (future releases of
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.Nx*M
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will support these systems)
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.It
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Systems released before the second half of 2003, but not listed
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above.
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These models might work, but have not been tested as of the release of
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.Nx \*V .
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.bullet)
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.
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.Ss2 Supported devices
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.(bullet -offset indent
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CPU upgrades
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.(bullet -compact
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Only one CPU in a multiprocessor system is supported with the GENERIC kernel.
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All CPUs are supported with the experimental GENERIC.MP kernel.
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.It
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Most CPU upgrades are supported.
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Some older models will not automatically enable the L2 and/or L3 caches on
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a G3 or G4 processor.
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See the FAQ entry
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.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/Ports/macppc/faq.html#cpu-upgrade
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.bullet)
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.It
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Ethernet
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.(bullet -compact
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On-board 79C950-based MACE Ethernet interface
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.Pq Em mc0
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.It
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On-board bmac Ethernet interface
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.Pq Em bm0
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.It
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On-board gmac Ethernet interface
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.Pq Em gem0
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.It
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Apple PCI Ethernet Card (option for Apple Network Server)
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.Pq Em tlp
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.It
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Asante Mac 10/100 PCI Rev A, part number 09-00169-01
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.Pq Em tlp
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.It
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Farallon Fast EtherTX 10/100, part number PN996L-TX
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.Pq Em tlp
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.It
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SMC Etherpower II (9432TX)
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.Pq Em epic
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.It
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SMC 83c170
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.Pq Em epic
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.It
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3Com 3c905
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.Pq Em ex
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.It
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Intel EtherExpress PRO/10+ PCI LAN Adapter
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.Pq Em fxp
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.It
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RealTek 8029 Ethernet
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.Pq Em ne
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.It
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VIA Technologies VT86C926
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.Pq Em ne
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.It
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D-Link DFE-530TX+
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.Pq Em rtk
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.It
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RealTek 8139
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.Pq Em rtk
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.It
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Netgear FA-311
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.Pq Em sip
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.It
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Lite-On PNIC
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.Pq Em tlp
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.It
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D-Link DFE-530TX
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.Pq Em vr
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.It
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Many other PCI and Cardbus Ethernet interfaces, such as
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Tulip-compatible
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.Pq Em tlp ,
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3Com
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.Pq Em ep ,
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SMC
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.Pq Em epic ,
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Intel
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.Pq Em fxp ,
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NE2000-compatible
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.Pq Em ne ,
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and RealTek
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.Pq Em rtk
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.It
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Many USB Ethernet interfaces
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.Po
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.Em aue ,
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.Em cue ,
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and
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.Em kue
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.Pc
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.bullet)
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.It
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Wireless
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.(bullet -compact
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On-board AirPort or AirMac 802.11b
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.Pq Em wi
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.It
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AT&T/Lucent WaveLan IEEE PCMCIA card
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.Pq Em wi
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.bullet)
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.It
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SCSI
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.(bullet -compact
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On-board NCR 53c94 SCSI controller
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.Pq Em esp
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.It
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On-board MESH SCSI controller
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.Pq Em mesh
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.It
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Adaptec PCI controllers 291x, 2920, 2930C, 294x, 295x, 39xx, 19160, 29160
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and AIC-78xx
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.Pq Em ahc
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.(Note
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The 294x models are not bootable in Open Firmware, even though they
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can boot
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.Tn MacOS
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9 and earlier.
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.Note)
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.Pp
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.It
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AdvanSys 1200[A,B], 9xx[U,UA] SCSI controller
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.Pq Em adv
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.It
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AMD 53c974
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.Pq Em pcscp
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.It
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Apple 53c875 Ultra Wide SCSI (shipped in some Beige G3 models)
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.Pq Em ncr No or Em siop
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.(Note
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This card may need a firmware update to boot NetBSD.
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Use the Mac OS X SCSI Card Updater from
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.Lk http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?artnum=25176
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.Note)
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.It
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NCR/Symbios 53C8xx
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.Pq Em siop No or Em esiop
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.It
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Many other PCI SCSI controllers should work, but no one has tried them
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.It
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Most SCSI disk/tape/CD-ROM devices should work
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.bullet)
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.It
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IDE
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.(bullet -compact
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On-board IDE controlers
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.It
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Promise Ultra66
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.Pq Em pciide
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(this, and other PC-based cards are not bootable on \*M)
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.It
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Acard ATP-850/860 based IDE controlers
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.Pq Em pciide
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(including the Acard AEC-6210/6260 and the Sonnet Tempo ATA/66 cards)
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.It
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Some other PCI IDE controllers should work, although no one has had much success
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.Pp
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.It
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Most IDE disk/CD-ROM/ATAPI devices should work
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.bullet)
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.It
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Input devices
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.(bullet -compact
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Most ADB keyboards, mice, trackballs, and trackpads
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.It
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Most USB keyboards, mice, trackballs, and trackpads
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.It
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Most PS/2 keyboards, mice, and trackballs
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(middle button on 3-button mice may not work)
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.bullet)
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.It
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Video
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.(bullet -compact
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On-board video on most models
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.Pq Em ofb
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.(Note
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Several models have been reported to not work with
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.Nx
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if the on-board video is in use, such as the Performa 54xx, 6360, 6400,
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PowerComputing PowerCenter and PowerTower, and UMAX C600 and Apus 3000.
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Also, the video
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card that shipped with the PowerMacintosh 9500/150, 9500/180, and 9500/200
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systems is reported to have the same problem.
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.Note)
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.Pp
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.It
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PCI frame buffers which have Open Firmware support
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(ATI, IMS, Matrox, and NVIDIA have several models which work)
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.bullet)
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.It
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Audio
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.(bullet -compact
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On-board audio on most models
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.Pq Em awacs
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.(Note
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This driver has only recently been introduced and is considered
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.Dq experimental
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meaning that it may cause your system to crash and/or is lacking some
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features you may expect.
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Due to interrupt conflicts with some G4 models, this driver is disabled
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by default and you will need to build a kernel with it enabled.
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.Note)
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.Pp
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.It
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USB audio devices
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.Pq Em uaudio
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.Pp
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.It
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PCI audio cards, although only the Ensoniq AudioPCI
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.Pq Em eap
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has been thoroughly tested
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.bullet)
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.It
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Serial ports
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.(bullet -compact
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On-board serial ports (the modem and printer ports)
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.Pq Em ttya No and Em ttyb
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.br
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.Em ttya
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is the mini-DIN 8 serial port with the
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.Sq Modem
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icon, and
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.Em ttyb
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is has the
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.Sq Printer
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icon.
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Some models with internal modems have the serial port with the
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.Sq Modem
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icon covered over, and the modem is
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.Em ttya .
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.(Note
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The on-board serial ports can be used for console (38400 bps, 8 bits, no
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parity, 1 stop bit, no handshaking), although many users have
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reported problems trying to run ppp or other high speed serial applications
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.Note)
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.Pp
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.It
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The Xserve serial port.
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.(Note
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This serial port can be used for console (57600 bps, 8 bits, no
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parity, 1 stop bit, no handshaking). Use
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.Pq Em scca
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for the Open Firmware
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.Sq input-device
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and
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.Sq output-device
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variables. Alternatively, if you remove your video card,
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Open Firmware will default to using the serial port for the console.
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.Note)
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.Pp
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.It
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The Gee Three Stealth Serial Port, possibly the Griffin Technology gPort
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.(Note
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These serial ports can be used for console (57600 bps, 8 bits, no parity,
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1 stop bit, no handshaking).
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Use
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.Pq Em scca
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for the Open Firmware
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.Sq input-device
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and
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.Sq output-device
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variables.
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.Note)
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.Pp
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.It
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Some USB, PCI, and Cardbus serial ports should work, but no one has tried them
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.bullet)
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.It
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USB devices
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.(bullet -compact
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Most MI USB devices should work (such as disks, printers, input devices,
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SCSI adapters, and ethernet interfaces)
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.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/Hardware/usb.html
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.bullet)
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.It
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PCMCIA and Cardbus cards
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.(bullet -compact
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Most MI PCMCIA and Cardbus cards should work, although very few have been
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tested with
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.Nx*M
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.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/Hardware/cardbus.html
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.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/Hardware/pcmcia.html
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.bullet)
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.It
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PCI cards
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.(bullet -compact
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Most MI PCI cards should work, although very few have been tested with
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.Nx*M
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.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/Hardware/pci.html
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.bullet)
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.Pp
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.(Note
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While the
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.Nx
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kernel may support the various Cardbus, PCI, PCMCIA, and USB devices you may
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have, Open Firmware does
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.Em not
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unless it has a specific Open Firmware ROM.
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This means you cannot boot from these devices.
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Some Adaptec SCSI controllers have bootable Open Firmware ROMs.
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.Note)
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.bullet)
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.
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.Ss2 Unsupported devices
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.(bullet -offset indent
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Floppy disk
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.(Note
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Though
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.Nx*M
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can boot from a floppy, there is no kernel support yet
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.Note)
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.Pp
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.It
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FireWire (IEEE 1394)
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.It
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Advanced power management (cannot put system to
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.Sq sleep )
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.It
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Full wscons capabilities, such as virtual terminals and color text
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.It
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On-board video capture
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.It
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AirPort Extreme
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.bullet)
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.
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.Ss2 Supported boot devices and media
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.
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Each version of Open Firmware supports different devices and media that you
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may boot from.
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We define the terms
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.Dq "bootable media"
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as the media (hard drive, floppy, CD-R, ethernet) that will be used to
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bootstrap your \*M system into
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.Nx ,
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and
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.Dq "distribution sets"
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or
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.Dq "distribution media"
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as the media (hard drive, CD-R, ethernet) that contains the files that
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will be installed to generate a working
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.Nx
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system onto your destination media.
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.Pp
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Go to the
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.Nx*M
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Model Support webpage and look up your system.
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Take note of the comments about your model and keep these in
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mind during the rest of this installation procedure.
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.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/Ports/macppc/models.html
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