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NetBSD/sbin/tunefs/tunefs.c

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/* $NetBSD: tunefs.c,v 1.58 2023/01/07 19:41:30 chs Exp $ */
/*
* Copyright (c) 1983, 1993
* The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#include <sys/cdefs.h>
#ifndef lint
__COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1993\
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.");
#endif /* not lint */
#ifndef lint
#if 0
static char sccsid[] = "@(#)tunefs.c 8.3 (Berkeley) 5/3/95";
#else
__RCSID("$NetBSD: tunefs.c,v 1.58 2023/01/07 19:41:30 chs Exp $");
#endif
#endif /* not lint */
/*
* tunefs: change layout parameters to an existing file system.
*/
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/statvfs.h>
#include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
#include <ufs/ffs/ffs_extern.h>
#include <ufs/ufs/ufs_wapbl.h>
#include <ufs/ufs/ufsmount.h>
#include <ufs/ufs/quota2.h>
#include <machine/bswap.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <fstab.h>
#include <paths.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <util.h>
/* the optimization warning string template */
#define OPTWARN "should optimize for %s with minfree %s %d%%"
union {
struct fs sb;
char data[MAXBSIZE];
} sbun, buf;
#define sblock sbun.sb
int fi;
long dev_bsize = 512;
int needswap = 0;
int is_ufs2 = 0;
int extattr = 0;
off_t sblockloc;
int userquota = 0;
int groupquota = 0;
#define Q2_EN (1)
#define Q2_IGN (0)
#define Q2_DIS (-1)
static off_t sblock_try[] = SBLOCKSEARCH;
static void bwrite(daddr_t, char *, int, const char *);
static void bread(daddr_t, char *, int, const char *);
static void change_log_info(long long);
static void getsb(struct fs *, const char *);
static int openpartition(const char *, int, char *, size_t);
static int isactive(int, struct statvfs *);
static void show_log_info(void);
__dead static void usage(void);
int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int ch, aflag, pflag, Aflag, Fflag, Nflag, openflags;
const char *special, *chg[2];
char device[MAXPATHLEN];
int maxbpg, minfree, optim, secsize;
uint32_t i, avgfilesize, avgfpdir;
bool active;
long long logfilesize;
int secshift, fsbtodb;
const char *avalue, *pvalue, *name;
struct statvfs sfs;
aflag = pflag = Aflag = Fflag = Nflag = 0;
avalue = pvalue = NULL;
maxbpg = minfree = optim = secsize = -1;
avgfilesize = avgfpdir = -1;
logfilesize = -1;
secshift = 0;
chg[FS_OPTSPACE] = "space";
chg[FS_OPTTIME] = "time";
while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "AFNa:e:g:h:l:m:o:p:q:S:")) != -1) {
switch (ch) {
case 'A':
Aflag++;
break;
case 'F':
Fflag++;
break;
case 'N':
Nflag++;
break;
case 'a':
name = "ACLs";
avalue = optarg;
if (strcmp(avalue, "enable") &&
strcmp(avalue, "disable")) {
errx(10, "bad %s (options are %s)",
name, "`enable' or `disable'");
}
aflag = 1;
break;
case 'e':
maxbpg = strsuftoll(
"maximum blocks per file in a cylinder group",
optarg, 1, INT_MAX);
break;
case 'g':
avgfilesize = strsuftoll("average file size", optarg,
1, INT_MAX);
break;
case 'h':
avgfpdir = strsuftoll(
"expected number of files per directory",
optarg, 1, INT_MAX);
break;
case 'l':
logfilesize = strsuftoll("journal log file size",
optarg, 0, INT_MAX);
break;
case 'm':
minfree = strsuftoll("minimum percentage of free space",
optarg, 0, 99);
break;
case 'o':
if (strcmp(optarg, chg[FS_OPTSPACE]) == 0)
optim = FS_OPTSPACE;
else if (strcmp(optarg, chg[FS_OPTTIME]) == 0)
optim = FS_OPTTIME;
else
errx(10,
"bad %s (options are `space' or `time')",
"optimization preference");
break;
case 'p':
name = "POSIX1e ACLs";
pvalue = optarg;
if (strcmp(pvalue, "enable") &&
strcmp(pvalue, "disable")) {
errx(10, "bad %s (options are %s)",
name, "`enable' or `disable'");
}
pflag = 1;
break;
case 'q':
if (strcmp(optarg, "user") == 0)
userquota = Q2_EN;
else if (strcmp(optarg, "group") == 0)
groupquota = Q2_EN;
else if (strcmp(optarg, "nouser") == 0)
userquota = Q2_DIS;
else if (strcmp(optarg, "nogroup") == 0)
groupquota = Q2_DIS;
else
errx(11, "invalid quota type %s", optarg);
break;
case 'S':
secsize = strsuftoll("physical sector size",
optarg, 0, INT_MAX);
secshift = ffs(secsize) - 1;
if (secsize != 0 && 1 << secshift != secsize)
errx(12, "sector size %d is not a power of two", secsize);
break;
default:
usage();
}
}
argc -= optind;
argv += optind;
if (argc != 1)
usage();
special = argv[0];
openflags = Nflag ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR;
if (Fflag)
fi = open(special, openflags);
else {
fi = openpartition(special, openflags, device, sizeof(device));
special = device;
}
if (fi == -1)
err(1, "%s", special);
active = !Fflag && isactive(fi, &sfs);
getsb(&sblock, special);
#define CHANGEVAL(old, new, type, suffix) do \
if ((uint32_t)(new) != (uint32_t)-1) { \
if ((new) == (old)) \
warnx("%s remains unchanged at %d%s", \
(type), (old), (suffix)); \
else { \
warnx("%s changes from %d%s to %d%s", \
(type), (old), (suffix), (new), (suffix)); \
(old) = (new); \
} \
} while (/* CONSTCOND */0)
warnx("tuning %s", special);
CHANGEVAL(sblock.fs_maxbpg, maxbpg,
"maximum blocks per file in a cylinder group", "");
CHANGEVAL(sblock.fs_minfree, minfree,
"minimum percentage of free space", "%");
if (minfree != -1) {
if (minfree >= MINFREE &&
sblock.fs_optim == FS_OPTSPACE)
warnx(OPTWARN, "time", ">=", MINFREE);
if (minfree < MINFREE &&
sblock.fs_optim == FS_OPTTIME)
warnx(OPTWARN, "space", "<", MINFREE);
}
if (optim != -1) {
if (sblock.fs_optim == optim) {
warnx("%s remains unchanged as %s",
"optimization preference",
chg[optim]);
} else {
warnx("%s changes from %s to %s",
"optimization preference",
chg[sblock.fs_optim], chg[optim]);
sblock.fs_optim = optim;
if (sblock.fs_minfree >= MINFREE &&
optim == FS_OPTSPACE)
warnx(OPTWARN, "time", ">=", MINFREE);
if (sblock.fs_minfree < MINFREE &&
optim == FS_OPTTIME)
warnx(OPTWARN, "space", "<", MINFREE);
}
}
if (secsize != -1) {
if (secsize == 0) {
secsize = sblock.fs_fsize / FFS_FSBTODB(&sblock, 1);
secshift = ffs(secsize) - 1;
}
if (secshift < DEV_BSHIFT)
warnx("sector size must be at least %d", DEV_BSIZE);
else if (secshift > sblock.fs_fshift)
warnx("sector size %d cannot be larger than fragment size %d",
secsize, sblock.fs_fsize);
else {
fsbtodb = sblock.fs_fshift - secshift;
if (fsbtodb == sblock.fs_fsbtodb) {
warnx("sector size remains unchanged as %d",
sblock.fs_fsize / FFS_FSBTODB(&sblock, 1));
} else {
warnx("sector size changed from %d to %d",
sblock.fs_fsize / FFS_FSBTODB(&sblock, 1),
secsize);
sblock.fs_fsbtodb = fsbtodb;
}
}
}
CHANGEVAL(sblock.fs_avgfilesize, avgfilesize,
"average file size", "");
CHANGEVAL(sblock.fs_avgfpdir, avgfpdir,
"expected number of files per directory", "");
if (logfilesize >= 0)
change_log_info(logfilesize);
if (userquota == Q2_EN || groupquota == Q2_EN)
sblock.fs_flags |= FS_DOQUOTA2;
if (sblock.fs_flags & FS_DOQUOTA2) {
sblock.fs_quota_magic = Q2_HEAD_MAGIC;
switch(userquota) {
case Q2_EN:
if ((sblock.fs_quota_flags & FS_Q2_DO_TYPE(USRQUOTA))
== 0) {
printf("enabling user quotas\n");
sblock.fs_quota_flags |=
FS_Q2_DO_TYPE(USRQUOTA);
sblock.fs_quotafile[USRQUOTA] = 0;
}
break;
case Q2_DIS:
if ((sblock.fs_quota_flags & FS_Q2_DO_TYPE(USRQUOTA))
!= 0) {
printf("disabling user quotas\n");
sblock.fs_quota_flags &=
~FS_Q2_DO_TYPE(USRQUOTA);
}
}
switch(groupquota) {
case Q2_EN:
if ((sblock.fs_quota_flags & FS_Q2_DO_TYPE(GRPQUOTA))
== 0) {
printf("enabling group quotas\n");
sblock.fs_quota_flags |=
FS_Q2_DO_TYPE(GRPQUOTA);
sblock.fs_quotafile[GRPQUOTA] = 0;
}
break;
case Q2_DIS:
if ((sblock.fs_quota_flags & FS_Q2_DO_TYPE(GRPQUOTA))
!= 0) {
printf("disabling group quotas\n");
sblock.fs_quota_flags &=
~FS_Q2_DO_TYPE(GRPQUOTA);
}
}
}
/*
* if we disabled all quotas, FS_DOQUOTA2 and associated inode(s) will
* be cleared by kernel or fsck.
*/
if (aflag) {
name = "NFSv4 ACLs";
if (strcmp(avalue, "enable") == 0) {
if (is_ufs2 && !extattr) {
warnx("%s not supported by this fs", name);
} else if (sblock.fs_flags & FS_NFS4ACLS) {
warnx("%s remains unchanged as enabled", name);
} else if (sblock.fs_flags & FS_POSIX1EACLS) {
warnx("%s and POSIX.1e ACLs are mutually "
"exclusive", name);
} else {
sblock.fs_flags |= FS_NFS4ACLS;
printf("%s set\n", name);
}
} else if (strcmp(avalue, "disable") == 0) {
if ((~sblock.fs_flags & FS_NFS4ACLS) == FS_NFS4ACLS) {
warnx("%s remains unchanged as disabled",
name);
} else {
sblock.fs_flags &= ~FS_NFS4ACLS;
printf("%s cleared\n", name);
}
}
}
if (pflag) {
name = "POSIX1e ACLs";
if (strcmp(pvalue, "enable") == 0) {
if (is_ufs2 && !extattr) {
warnx("%s not supported by this fs", name);
} else if (sblock.fs_flags & FS_POSIX1EACLS) {
warnx("%s remains unchanged as enabled", name);
} else if (sblock.fs_flags & FS_NFS4ACLS) {
warnx("%s and ACLs are mutually "
"exclusive", name);
} else {
sblock.fs_flags |= FS_POSIX1EACLS;
printf("%s set\n", name);
}
} else if (strcmp(pvalue, "disable") == 0) {
if ((~sblock.fs_flags & FS_POSIX1EACLS) ==
FS_POSIX1EACLS) {
warnx("%s remains unchanged as disabled",
name);
} else {
sblock.fs_flags &= ~FS_POSIX1EACLS;
printf("%s cleared\n", name);
}
}
}
if (Nflag) {
printf("%s: current settings of %s\n", getprogname(), special);
printf("\tmaximum contiguous block count %d\n",
sblock.fs_maxcontig);
printf("\tmaximum blocks per file in a cylinder group %d\n",
sblock.fs_maxbpg);
printf("\tminimum percentage of free space %d%%\n",
sblock.fs_minfree);
printf("\toptimization preference: %s\n", chg[sblock.fs_optim]);
printf("\taverage file size: %d\n", sblock.fs_avgfilesize);
printf("\texpected number of files per directory: %d\n",
sblock.fs_avgfpdir);
show_log_info();
printf("\tquotas");
if (sblock.fs_flags & FS_DOQUOTA2) {
if (sblock.fs_quota_flags & FS_Q2_DO_TYPE(USRQUOTA)) {
printf(" user");
if (sblock.fs_quota_flags &
FS_Q2_DO_TYPE(GRPQUOTA))
printf(",");
}
if (sblock.fs_quota_flags & FS_Q2_DO_TYPE(GRPQUOTA))
printf(" group");
printf(" enabled\n");
} else {
printf(" disabled\n");
}
printf("\tPOSIX.1e ACLs %s\n",
(sblock.fs_flags & FS_POSIX1EACLS) ? "enabled" : "disabled");
printf("\tNFS4 ACLs %s\n",
(sblock.fs_flags & FS_NFS4ACLS) ? "enabled" : "disabled");
printf("%s: no changes made\n", getprogname());
return 0;
}
memcpy(&buf, (char *)&sblock, SBLOCKSIZE);
if (needswap)
ffs_sb_swap((struct fs*)&buf, (struct fs*)&buf);
/* write superblock to original coordinates (use old dev_bsize!) */
bwrite(sblockloc, buf.data, SBLOCKSIZE, special);
if (active) {
struct ufs_args args;
args.fspec = sfs.f_mntfromname;
if (mount(MOUNT_FFS, sfs.f_mntonname, sfs.f_flag | MNT_UPDATE,
&args, sizeof args) == -1)
warn("mount");
else
printf("%s: mount of %s on %s updated\n",
getprogname(), sfs.f_mntfromname, sfs.f_mntonname);
}
/* correct dev_bsize from possibly changed superblock data */
dev_bsize = sblock.fs_fsize / FFS_FSBTODB(&sblock, 1);
if (Aflag)
for (i = 0; i < sblock.fs_ncg; i++)
bwrite(FFS_FSBTODB(&sblock, cgsblock(&sblock, i)),
buf.data, SBLOCKSIZE, special);
close(fi);
exit(0);
}
static int
isactive(int fd, struct statvfs *rsfs)
{
struct stat st0, st;
struct statvfs *sfs;
int n;
if (fstat(fd, &st0) == -1) {
warn("stat");
return 0;
}
if ((n = getmntinfo(&sfs, 0)) == -1) {
warn("getmntinfo");
return 0;
}
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if (stat(sfs[i].f_mntfromname, &st) == -1)
continue;
if (st.st_rdev != st0.st_rdev)
continue;
*rsfs = sfs[i];
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
static void
show_log_info(void)
{
const char *loc;
uint64_t size, blksize, logsize;
int print;
switch (sblock.fs_journal_location) {
case UFS_WAPBL_JOURNALLOC_NONE:
print = blksize = 0;
/* nothing */
break;
case UFS_WAPBL_JOURNALLOC_END_PARTITION:
loc = "end of partition";
size = sblock.fs_journallocs[UFS_WAPBL_EPART_COUNT];
blksize = sblock.fs_journallocs[UFS_WAPBL_EPART_BLKSZ];
print = 1;
break;
case UFS_WAPBL_JOURNALLOC_IN_FILESYSTEM:
loc = "in filesystem";
size = sblock.fs_journallocs[UFS_WAPBL_INFS_COUNT];
blksize = sblock.fs_journallocs[UFS_WAPBL_INFS_BLKSZ];
print = 1;
break;
default:
loc = "unknown";
size = blksize = 0;
print = 1;
break;
}
if (print) {
logsize = size * blksize;
printf("\tjournal log file location: %s\n", loc);
printf("\tjournal log file size: ");
if (logsize == 0)
printf("0\n");
else {
char sizebuf[8];
humanize_number(sizebuf, 6, size * blksize, "B",
HN_AUTOSCALE, HN_B | HN_NOSPACE | HN_DECIMAL);
printf("%s (%" PRId64 " bytes)", sizebuf, logsize);
}
printf("\n");
printf("\tjournal log flags:");
if (sblock.fs_journal_flags & UFS_WAPBL_FLAGS_CREATE_LOG)
printf(" create-log");
if (sblock.fs_journal_flags & UFS_WAPBL_FLAGS_CLEAR_LOG)
printf(" clear-log");
printf("\n");
}
}
static void
change_log_info(long long logfilesize)
{
/*
* NOTES:
* - only operate on in-filesystem log sizes
* - can't change size of existing log
* - if current is same, no action
* - if current is zero and new is non-zero, set flag to create log
* on next mount
* - if current is non-zero and new is zero, set flag to clear log
* on next mount
*/
int in_fs_log;
uint64_t old_size;
old_size = 0;
switch (sblock.fs_journal_location) {
case UFS_WAPBL_JOURNALLOC_END_PARTITION:
in_fs_log = 0;
old_size = sblock.fs_journallocs[UFS_WAPBL_EPART_COUNT] *
sblock.fs_journallocs[UFS_WAPBL_EPART_BLKSZ];
break;
case UFS_WAPBL_JOURNALLOC_IN_FILESYSTEM:
in_fs_log = 1;
old_size = sblock.fs_journallocs[UFS_WAPBL_INFS_COUNT] *
sblock.fs_journallocs[UFS_WAPBL_INFS_BLKSZ];
break;
case UFS_WAPBL_JOURNALLOC_NONE:
default:
in_fs_log = 0;
old_size = 0;
break;
}
if (logfilesize == 0) {
/*
* Don't clear out the locators - the kernel might need
* these to find the log! Just set the "clear the log"
* flag and let the kernel do the rest.
*/
sblock.fs_journal_flags |= UFS_WAPBL_FLAGS_CLEAR_LOG;
sblock.fs_journal_flags &= ~UFS_WAPBL_FLAGS_CREATE_LOG;
warnx("log file size cleared from %" PRIu64 "", old_size);
return;
}
if (!in_fs_log && logfilesize > 0 && old_size > 0)
errx(1, "Can't change size of non-in-filesystem log");
if (old_size == (uint64_t)logfilesize && logfilesize > 0) {
/* no action */
warnx("log file size remains unchanged at %lld", logfilesize);
return;
}
if (old_size == 0) {
/* create new log of desired size next mount */
sblock.fs_journal_location = UFS_WAPBL_JOURNALLOC_IN_FILESYSTEM;
sblock.fs_journallocs[UFS_WAPBL_INFS_ADDR] = 0;
sblock.fs_journallocs[UFS_WAPBL_INFS_COUNT] = logfilesize;
sblock.fs_journallocs[UFS_WAPBL_INFS_BLKSZ] = 0;
sblock.fs_journallocs[UFS_WAPBL_INFS_INO] = 0;
sblock.fs_journal_flags |= UFS_WAPBL_FLAGS_CREATE_LOG;
sblock.fs_journal_flags &= ~UFS_WAPBL_FLAGS_CLEAR_LOG;
warnx("log file size set to %lld", logfilesize);
} else {
errx(1,
"Can't change existing log size from %" PRIu64 " to %lld",
old_size, logfilesize);
}
}
static void
usage(void)
{
fprintf(stderr, "usage: tunefs [-AFN] tuneup-options special-device\n");
fprintf(stderr, "where tuneup-options are:\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-a ACLS: `enable' or `disable'\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-e maximum blocks per file in a cylinder group\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-g average file size\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-h expected number of files per directory\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-l journal log file size (`0' to clear journal)\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-m minimum percentage of free space\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-p POSIX.1e ACLS: `enable' or `disable'\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-o optimization preference (`space' or `time')\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-q quota type (`[no]user' or `[no]group')\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-S sector size\n");
exit(2);
}
static void
getsb(struct fs *fs, const char *file)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; ; i++) {
if (sblock_try[i] == -1)
errx(5, "cannot find filesystem superblock");
bread(sblock_try[i] / dev_bsize, (char *)fs, SBLOCKSIZE, file);
switch(fs->fs_magic) {
case FS_UFS2EA_MAGIC:
extattr = 1;
/*FALLTHROUGH*/
case FS_UFS2_MAGIC:
is_ufs2 = 1;
/*FALLTHROUGH*/
case FS_UFS1_MAGIC:
break;
case FS_UFS2EA_MAGIC_SWAPPED:
extattr = 1;
/*FALLTHROUGH*/
case FS_UFS2_MAGIC_SWAPPED:
is_ufs2 = 1;
/*FALLTHROUGH*/
case FS_UFS1_MAGIC_SWAPPED:
warnx("%s: swapping byte order", file);
needswap = 1;
ffs_sb_swap(fs, fs);
break;
default:
continue;
}
if (!is_ufs2 && sblock_try[i] == SBLOCK_UFS2)
continue;
if ((is_ufs2 || fs->fs_old_flags & FS_FLAGS_UPDATED)
&& fs->fs_sblockloc != sblock_try[i])
continue;
break;
}
dev_bsize = fs->fs_fsize / FFS_FSBTODB(fs, 1);
sblockloc = sblock_try[i] / dev_bsize;
}
static void
bwrite(daddr_t blk, char *buffer, int size, const char *file)
{
off_t offset;
offset = (off_t)blk * dev_bsize;
if (lseek(fi, offset, SEEK_SET) == -1)
err(6, "%s: seeking to %lld", file, (long long)offset);
if (write(fi, buffer, size) != size)
err(7, "%s: writing %d bytes", file, size);
}
static void
bread(daddr_t blk, char *buffer, int cnt, const char *file)
{
off_t offset;
int i;
offset = (off_t)blk * dev_bsize;
if (lseek(fi, offset, SEEK_SET) == -1)
err(4, "%s: seeking to %lld", file, (long long)offset);
if ((i = read(fi, buffer, cnt)) != cnt)
errx(5, "%s: short read", file);
}
static int
openpartition(const char *name, int flags, char *device, size_t devicelen)
{
char specname[MAXPATHLEN];
char rawname[MAXPATHLEN];
const char *special, *raw;
struct fstab *fs;
int fd, oerrno;
fs = getfsfile(name);
special = fs ? fs->fs_spec : name;
raw = getfsspecname(specname, sizeof(specname), special);
if (raw == NULL)
err(1, "%s: %s", name, specname);
special = getdiskrawname(rawname, sizeof(rawname), raw);
if (special == NULL)
special = raw;
fd = opendisk(special, flags, device, devicelen, 0);
if (fd == -1 && errno == ENOENT) {
oerrno = errno;
strlcpy(device, special, devicelen);
errno = oerrno;
}
return (fd);
}
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